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PROJECT
PROJECT
MULTIPLICATION BY 2
RULES
Example 1
7 X 2= ____
PRODUCT
7 x 2=14
Example 2
Find the product of 9 x 2
Solution:
add 9 to itself
9 + 9 = 18
9 x 2= 18
MULTIPLICAND
7 + 7 = 14
MULTIPLIER
add 7 to itself
Example 3
Find the product of 2 6 x 2
Method 1
add 26 to itself
26 + 26= 52
26 + 26= 52
Method 2
this method will be used to do other
multiplication
multiplication by 2 also can be called as
double
we will find the double of each digit in
multiplicand
Step 1
Step 2
26 x 2
carry
answer
26 x 2
2
Example 4
21
Step 2
1
1
find the
double
of
1
8
8 +68=
16
Answer
-6,carry1
find the
double of
5
5+5=10
add with
carry 1
10+1=11
58 x 2 = 116
Example 5
58x2
58x2
6
34x2
34x2
8
34 x 2= 68
Exercise 1.1
Find the product of the following
31
1 8x2
2 6x2
3 7x2
4 12 x 2
5 23 x 2
6 24 x 2
7 34 x 2
8 41 x 2
9 53 x 2
10 72 x 2
11 84 x 2
12 91 x 2
13 25 x 2
14 46 x 2
15 57 x 2
16 87 x 2
17 92 x 2
19 123 x 2
20 416 x 2
18 76 x 2
Exercise 1.2
1 56 x 2
2 63 x432
3 82 x 2
4 123 x 2
5 423 x 2
6 312 x 2
7 68 x 2
8 79 x 2
9 85 x 2
10 532 x 2
11 468 x 2
12 712 x 2
13 218 x 2
14 362 x 2
15 415 x 2
16 425 x 2
17 612 x 2
19 423 x 2
20 614 x 2
18 344 x 2
Chapter 2
5
Division by 2
(A) Find the half for the even number
Example
Find the half for the following:(a)
=
(b)
=
(c)
=
(d)
=
42=
6
62=
6
82=
8
10 2 =
9
(e) 12 2
(f)
(g) 16 2
(h) 18 2
14 2
Example 2
Find 148 2
Step 1
Step 2
1482
7
1482
74
148 2 = 74
Example 3
Find 4262
Step 1
4262
2 __ __
Step 2
4262
2 1 __
Step 3
4262
21 3
426 2 = 213
Example 4
Find 86 2 = 4
Find the
half of 8
82=4
Find the
half of 6
62=3
Step 1
Step 2
86 2
4 __
862
4 3
Example 5
Find 412 2
Step
1
Step
2
Step
3
76
Find the
half of 4
42=2
1 is less
than 2
therefore
write 0
Find the
half of 12
122=6
412 2 =
206
4122
2
___ ___
4122
2 0 __
4122
2 0 6
Exercise 2.1
86
1 24 2
2 68 2
3 88 2
4 126 2
5 148 2
6 164 2
7 246 2
8 428 2
9 446 2
10 418 2
11 614 2
12 818 2
13 164 2
14 4126 2
15 804 2
16 1268 2
17 2168 2
18 4618 2
19 6184 2
20 8412 2
Rules:
Example 1
Find 7 2
Step 1
Substrat 7 with 1
7-1=6
Find its half
62=3
72
3
Step 2
72
31
Step 3
We can write it as 3 or
3.5
7 2 = 31
answer
carry answer
Example 2
Find 432
Step 1
carry
109
Find the half for
6 4
432
Step 2
Step 3
42=2
3 is odd number
Substract 3 with 1
3-1=2
Find the half of 2
22=1
Answer- 1,carry- 1
We can write the
answer as 21 or
21.5
2 __
432
2 1 1 carry
432
21.5
43 2 = 21 remainder 1 or
=21 or 21.5
Example 3
Find 2 1 4 2
Step 1
Step 2
1110
96
2142
1 __ __
2142
If a number less
rhan 2 it cantt be
divided by 2
So,we write 0
So we find the half
for 14
142=7
Step 3
1 0 __
2142
107
214 2 = 107
Example 4
Step 1
3 is odd nuber1211
1091
substract 3 with
3-1=2
then find its half
carry
31 1 2 2
1 __ __
Step 2
Step 3
22=1
answer 1,carry- 1
now find the half of 11
and not 1 because of
carry 1
11-1=0
102=5
answer 5,carry- 1
Find the half of 12 and
not 2
122=6
3 11 2 2
1 5 __
312 2
156
3 1 2 2 = 156
Example 5
Find 4 1 7 2
Step 1
131
2111
4172
Step 2
Step 3
42=2
1 is less than 2
so write 0
find the half for 17
substract 17 with 1
and then find its half
17 1 = 16
16 2 = 8
answer 8 , carry- 1
2 __ __
4172
2 0 __
4172
2081
4 1 7 2 = 208
= 208 or 208.5
*if the last digit has carry 1 ,we write the answer as
208.5
Exercise2.2
1 72
141
312
2 92
3 52
4 23 2
5 45 2
6 27 2
7 81 2
8 63 2
9 47 2
10 33 2
11 51 2
12 73 2
13 213 2
14 415 2
15 617 2
16 325 2
17 543 2
18 125 2
19 357 2
20 573 2
EXERCISE 2.3
151
413
1 23 2
2 33 2
3 52 2
4 24 2
5 64 2
6 57 2
7 64 2
8 67 2
9 76 2
10 37 2
11 73 2
12 44 2
13168 2
14 246 2
15 234 2
16 456 2
17 634 2
18 532 2
19 357 2
20 693 2
161
514
CHAPTER 3
MULTIPLICATION BY 5
INTERESTING FACT!!!
Even number
2 x 5 = 10
4 x 5 = 20
6 x 5 = 30
8 x 5 = 40
Odd number
1x5=5
3 x 5 =15
5 x 5 = 25
7 x 5 = 35
9 x 5 = 45
(A)Multiplication of171
even number by 5
514
Example 1
Find the product for 6x5
find the half of 6
62=3
for even number add
zero to the answer
Step1
Step 2
6x5
3 __
6x5
30
6 x 5 = 30
Example 2
Find the product for 8 x 5
Step 1
Step 2
Example 3
181
715
8x5
4 __
8x5
4 0
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
26x2
__ __
1
26 x5
1 3 __
26x5
13 0
26 x 5 = 130
Example 4
Find the product of 26 x 5
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Example 5
191
715
48x5
__ __
48x5
2 4 __
48x5
240
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
468x5
2 __ __ __
468x5
2 3 __ __
468 x5
2 3 4 __
468x5
2340
468 x 5 = 2340
Example 6
Find the product of 16 x 5
Step 1
Step 2
1 is less than 2
find the half of 16
16 2 = 8
for even number add
zero to the answer
16 x 5 = 80
Exercise 3.1
16 x 5
8 __
16 x 5
80
6x5
4x5
8x5
12 x 5
14 x 5
16 x 5
24x 5
42 x 5
26 x5
1
0
62 x 5
1
1
28 x 5
1
2
82 x 5
1
13
22 x 5
3
1
4
44 x 5
1
5
66 x 5
1
6
88 x 5
1
7
68 x 5
1
8
86 x 5
1
9
246x 5
2
0
846 x 5
Rules
Example 1
Find the product of 7 x 5
Step 1
Step 2
7 is odd
number
Substract 7
with 1
71=6
for odd
number add
5 to the
answer
Example 2
find the product of 9 x 5
Step 1
Step 2
substract 9 with1
91=8
82=4
Add 5 to the answer
7x5
__
7x5
Step 3
Example 4
Find the product of 65 x5
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Example 5
Find the product of 57 x 5
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
substract 5
with 1
51=4
find the half
of 4
42=2
answer- 2 ,
carry- 1
find the half
for 17
substract 17
with 1
17 1 =16
find the half
of 16
16 2 = 8
for odd
number add
5 to answer
57 x 5 = 285
Exercise 3.2
1
3x5
5x5
7x5
43 x 5
45 x 5
47 x 5
125 x 5
167 x 5
183 x 5
1
0
105 x 5
1
1
207 x 5
1
2
409 x 5
1
3
87 x 5
1
4
65 x 5
1
5
49 x 5
1
6
37 x 5
1
7
73 x 5
1
8
53 x 5
1
9
35 x 5
2
0
99 x 5
Exercise 3.3
1 25 x 5
2 52 x 2
3 27 x 5
4 72 x 5
5 36 x 5
6 63 x5
7 85 x 5
8 58 x 5
9 69 x 5
10 96 x 5
11 28 x 5
12 82 x 5
13 124 x 5
14 214 x 5
15 145 x 5
16 346 x 5
17 568 x 5
18 452 x 2
19 325 x 5
20 745 x 5
Chapeter 4
Multiplication by 9
(A) the number of digit in multiplicand are same as
number of digit in the multiplier
Rules
Example 1
Find the product of 7 x 6
Step 1
Step 2
substract 7
with 1
71=6
substract 7
from 10
10 7 = 3
7x9=63
Chapter 4
Multiplicand by 9
(A) the number of digit in multiplicand are same as
number of digit in the number multiplier
Rules
Example 1
Find the the product of 7 x 6
Step 1
Step 1
substract 7
with 1
71=6
substract 7
from 10
10 7 = 3
1x9=09
2x9=18
3x9=27
4x9=36
5x9=45
6x9=54
7x9=63
8x9=72
9x9=81
7x9
=63
Step 2:
100 32 or 100
(-) 32
68
substract 3 from 9
93=6
Rules
substract 2 from
10 2 = 8
Example 4
Find 100 - 47
Step 1
substract 4 from 9
94=5
100
- 47
5 _
substract 7 from 10
10 7 = 3
Step 2
100 47 = 53
Example 5
Find the product of 32 x 99
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Example 6
Find the product of 68 x 99
68 x 99 = 67 32
100
47
68 1 = 67
Exercise 4.1
1
7x9
9x9
3 4x9
4 23 x 99
5 43 x 99
6 54 x 99
26 x 99
8 37 x 99
10 15 x 99
11 25 x 99
12 52 x 99
13 49 x 99
14 94 x 99
15 19 x 99
16 47 x 99
17 74 x 99
18 122 x 999
19 415 x 999
20 312 x 999
82 x 99
multiplier
Rules
Example 1
Find the product of 25 x 999
Step 1
add 0 infront of 25
025 x 999
Step 2
Step 3
sbstract 25 with1
25 1 = 24
substract all the digit in
multiplicand with 9 except the
right digit
the right digit substract with
10
025 x 999
24 / ___
025 x 999
24 / 975
25 x 999 = 24 975
Example 2
Find the product of 63 x 999
Step 1
Step 2
add zero
infront of 63
substract 63
with 1
63 1 = 62
substract 0
from 9
90=9
substract 6
from 9
96=3
substract 3
from 10
10 3 = 7
63 x 999 = 67 937
Example 3
063 x 999
62 / ___
063 x 999
62 / 937
Step 2
add 0 infront of 7
substract 7 with 1
71=6
substract 0 from 9
90=9
substract 7 from 10
10 7 = 3
7 x 99 = 693
07 x 99
6 / __
07 x 99
6 / 93
Exercise 4.2
1 4 x 99
2 6 x 99
3 7 x 99
4 12 x 999
5 15 x 999
6 23 x999
7 35 x 999
8 39 x 999
9 47 x 999
10 43 x 999
11 52 x 999
12 55 x 999
13 61 x 999
14 63 x 999
15 68 x 999
16 72 x 999
17 79 x 999
18 75 x 999
19 87 x 999
20 94 x 999
multiplier
Rules
Example 1
Find the product of 36 x 9
Step 1
Step 2
substract 6 from 10
10 6 =4
3: 6 x 9
(-)
4
32 / __
3:6x9
32 / 4
36 x 9 = 324
Example 2
Find the product of 25 x 9
Step 1
add 1 with 2
1+2=3
2:5x9
(-) 3
22 / __
Step 2
substract 5
from 10
25x9
22/ 5
2 5 x 9 = 225
Example 3
Step 2
add 1 with 6
1+6=7
substract 64
with 7
64 7 =57
substract 4
from 10
10 4 = 6
64 x 9
(-) 7
5 7 /__
64x9
57x6
64 x 9 = 576
Exercise 4.3
1 15 x 9
2 18 x 9
3 23 x 9
4 25 x 9
5 28 x 9
6 34 x 9
7 45 x 9
8 65 x 9
9 72 x 9
10 56 x 9
11 55 x 9
12 42 x 9
13 36 x 9
14 63 x 9
15 24 x9
16 42 x 9
17 98 x 9
18 89 x 9
19 29 x 9
20 92 x 9
Exercise 4.4
1 23 x 99
2 23x 9
3 23 x 999
4 45 x 9
5 45 x 99
6 45 x 999
7 26 x 9
8 26 x 99
9 26 x 999
10 37 x 9
11 37 x 99
12 37 x 999
13 47 x 9
14 47 x 99
15 47 x 999
16 54 x9
17 54 x 99
18 54 x 999
19 97 x 9
20 97 x 99
Chapeter 5
Multiplication by 11
(A) One digit number multiplied by 11
Rules
Example 1
1 x 11 = 11
2 x 11 = 22
3 x 11 = 33
4 x 11 = 4 4
Rules
24 x 11 =
__
__ __
Left digit
left digit
Right digit
middle digit
answer
answer
(LDA)
(MDA)
Right
digit answer
(RDA)
Example 1
Find the product of 24 x 11
Step 1
Step 2
24 x 11 = 264
Example 2
Find the product of 36 x 11
Step 1
Step 2
write back 3
and 6 for left
and right digit
answer
add 3 with 6
for middle
36 x 11
3 __ 6
3 6 x 11
3 9 6
digit answer
36 x 11 = 396
Example 3
Find the product of 49 x 11
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
49 x 11
__ __ 9
49 x 11
1
39
49 x 11
5 3 9
49 x 11 = 539
Example 4
Find the product of 57 x 11
Step 1
write back
7 for riht
hand digit
answer
57 x 11
__ __ 7