KATA PENGANTAR

Tiada kata yang penting dan pantas kecuali puji syukur atas limpahan
rahmat dan karunia Allah SWT, yang berupa nikmat kesehatan, nikmat kemudahan
dan kecerdasan sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan tugas akhir semester ganjil.
Yaitu berupa laporan hasil peraktek lapangan yang telah dilakukan di Perairan
Sungai Dua Laut Kecamatan Sungai Loban Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu.
Terimakasih banyak kepada seluruh stap dosen ilmu kelautan yang telah
memberikan materi, arahan, serta membantu dalam proses pengambilan data
maupun membimbing dalam penyusunan laporan.
Penuulis menyadari bahwa laporan ini masih jauh dari kesempurnaan.
Untuk itu keritik dan saran yang bersifat membangun untuk perbaikan laporan ini
sangat diharapkan. Dan semoga laporan ini bermamfaat.

Banjarbaru, Januari 2016

Rina Yuliandry L. W.

DAFTAR ISI

KATA PENGANTAR..........................................................................................i
DAFTAR ISI.......................................................................................................ii
DAFTAR GAMBAR..........................................................................................iii
BAB 1. PENDAHULUAN.................................................................................
1.1.
1.2.
1.3.

BAB 2.

Latar Belakang.............................................................................
Tujuan..........................................................................................
Ruang Lingkup ...........................................................................
1.3.1. RuangLingkup Wilayah...................................................
1.3.2. Ruang Lingkup Materi.....................................................

1
2
3
3
3

TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.....................................................................

2.1.
2.2.
2.3.
2.4.
2.5.
BAB 3.

Pengertian Pencemaran...............................................................
Jenis dan Sumber Pencemaran....................................................
Indikator Pencemaran..................................................................
Pencemaran di Wilayah Pesisir...................................................
Upaya Penanggulangan Pencemaran di Wilayah Pesisir.............

4
5
13
18
21

METODOLOGI PENELITIAN.........................................................

22

3.1.
3.2.

Waktu dan Lokasi........................................................................

Alat dan Bahan............................................................................
3.2.1 Alat................................................................................
3.2.2
Bahan.............................................................................
Metode Pengambilan Data..........................................................
3.3.1
Parameter Fisik..............................................................
3.3.2
Parameter Kimia............................................................
3.3.3
Parameter Biologi..........................................................
Metode Analisis Data..................................................................
3.4.1 Analisis Laboratorium...................................................
3.4.1.1 Parameter Kimia............................................................
3.4.2
Parameter Biologi..........................................................

22
22
22
22
24
24
24
24
25
25
25
25

HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN..........................................................

27

3.3.

3.4.

BAB 4.

4.1.
4.2.

4.3

Gambaran Umum Lokasi............................................................

Analisis Faktor Lingkungan Studi...............................................
4.2.1. Pasang Surut..................................................................
4.2.2
Kecepatan Arus..............................................................
4.2.3 Aktifitas Kegiatan Masyarakat......................................
Analisis Pengaruh Pencemaran Terhadap Biota..........................
4.3.1
Parameter Fisik.............................................................
4.3.1.1 Suhu..............................................................................
4.3.1.2 Kecerahan.....................................................................
2

27
27
27
28
29
29
29
29
30

4.3.1.3 Derajat Keasaman ( pH )..............................................

4.3.1.4 Kedalaman....................................................................
4.3.2
Parameter Kimia...........................................................
4.3.2.1 Salinitas........................................................................
4.3.2.2 Oksigen Terlarut Dissolved Okygen ( DO )..................
4.3.2.3 Chemical Oksygen Demand ( COD )...........................
4.3.2.4 Biological Oxygen Demand ( BOD5 ).........................
4.3.2.5 Besi ( Fe ).....................................................................
4.3.2.6 Logam Berat ( Mangan )..............................................
4.3.2.7 Total Suspended Solid ( TSS )......................................
4.3.3
Parameter Biologi.........................................................
4.3.3.1 Plankton........................................................................
4.3.3.2 Bentos...........................................................................
Upaya Penanggulanagan Pencmaran di Wilayah Pesisir............

31
32
33
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
40
43
45

BAB 5. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN.............................................................

47

4.4

5.1......................................................................................................Kesim
pulan............................................................................................
47
5.2......................................................................................................Saran
.....................................................................................................47
DAFTAR PUSTAKA

DAFTAR GAMBAR

2.1. Sumber pencemar Point dan Nonpoint Sources....................................

2.2. Diagram Sumber-sumber Pencemaran Laut (Mukhtasor, 2006)...........

2.3. Sumber pencemar Pointsources.............................................................

2.4. Sumber pencemar Nonpoint Sources....................................................

10

2.5

Pencemaran di Pesisir............................................................................

19

3.1.

Peta Lokasi Praktik Lapang di Perairan Sumgai Dua Laut

...................................................................................................
23

4.1.

Grafik Pasang Surut Perairan Sungai Dua Laut

...................................................................................................
28

4.2.

Pola
Arus
Perairan
Sungai
Dua
Laut
...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
28

4.3

Aktivitas manusia yang menyebabkan pencemaran

...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
29

4.4.

Sebaran
suhu
diperairan
Sungai
Dua
Laut
.....................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................
30

4.5.

Sebaran kecerahan di perairan Sungai Dua Laut

...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
31

4.6.

Sebaran
pH
di
Perairan
Sungai
Dua
Laut
...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
32

4.7.

Sebaran kedalaman di Perairan Sungai Dua Laut

...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
33

4.8.

Sebaran salinitas di perairan Sungai Dua Laut.

...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
34

4.9.

Sebaran oksigen terlarut dissolved oxygen

( DO )
...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
35

4.10.

Sebaran
Chemical
Oxygen
Demand
(COD)
...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
36

4.11. Sebaran Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5) di perairan Sungai

Dua
Laut
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
37
4.12.

Sebaran Besi ( Fe ) di perairan Sungai Dua Laut

...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
38

2.13. Sebaran Logam Berat ( Mangan ) di perairan Sungai Dua Laut.

...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
39
2.14. Sebaran Logam Berat ( Mangan ) di perairan Sungai Dua Laut.
...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
40
2.15

Nilai indeks C-E-H benthos diperairan Sungai Dua Laut

...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
41

DAFTAR TABEL

1. Baku Mutu Air Laut Untuk Wisata Bahari...............................................

2.

Indeks keanekaragaman Plankton Menurut Magurran (1987).

...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
15

3.

Baku
Mutu
Air
Laut
Untuk
Biota
Laut
...................................................................................................
16

4. Hubungan nilai indeks kemerataan dengan penyebaran jenis dalam

komunitas
biota
perairan.
.................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
18
5.

Alat

alat
peraktik
.....................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................
22

6. Bahan

...................................................................................................
...................................................................................................
22

7. Hasil Perhitungan Kelimpahan, Indeks Keanekaragaman, Indeks

Keseragaman, Dan Indeks Dominasi Plankton
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
41
8. Klasifikasi tingkat pencemaran berdasarkan indeks keanekaragaman
menurut
Lee
et
al
(1978).
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
42
9. Hasil Perhitungan Kelimpahan, Indeks Keanekaragaman, Indeks
Keseragaman,

dan

Indeks

Dominasi

Bentos

14

.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................
43

TUGAS MAKALAH
KETAHANAN MASYARAKAT PESISIR

RINA YULIANDRY L.W.

G1F113206

PROGRAM STUDI ILMU KELAUTAN

FAKULTAS PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
UNIVERSITAS LAMBUNG MANGKURAT
BANJARBARU
2016