EDUCAIIOSAL

AXD
1970, 30. 607-610.

PSYCI~OLOCICALAkASUPEYENT

DETERMINING SAMPLE SIZE FOR RESEARCH

ACTIVITIES
ROBERT V. KREJCIE
University of hlinnesota, Duluth
DARYLE fv. MORGAN
Texas A. k hl. University

THEever increasing demand for research has created a need

for an efficient method of determining the sample size needed to
be representative of a given population. I n the article Small Sample Techniques, the research division of the National Education
Association has published a formula for determining sample size.
Regrettably a table has not been available for ready, easy reference
which could have been constructed using the following formula.
s =

X2NP(1 - P)

CP(N - 1)

+ X2P(1 - P),

s = required sample size.

X = the table value of chi-square for 1 degree of freedom at the

desired confidence level (3.841).

= the population size.

= the population proportion (assumed

to be .50 since this

mould provide the maximum sample size).

d = the degree of accuracy expressed as a proportion (.05).

No calculations are needed to use Table 1. For example, one

may wish to know the sample size required to be representative
of the opinions of 9000 high school teachers relative to merit pay,
increases. To obtain the required sample size enter Table 1 at
N = 9000. The sample size representative of the teachers in this
example is 368.Table 1is applicable to any defined population.
607

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608

EDUCATIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL hlEASUREhlENT

TABLE 1

Table for Determining Sample Size jrom a G ~ L WPopulation

N
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
110
120
130
140
150
' 160
170
180
190
200
210

s .
10
14
19
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
59
63
66
70
73
76
80
86
92
97
103
108
113
118
123
127
132
136

220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
550
600
650
700
750

140
144
148
152
155
159
162
165
169
175
181
186
191
196
201
205
210
214
217
226
234
242
248
254
260
265
269
274
278
285

1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2200
2400
2600
2600
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
15000
20000
30000
40000
50000
75000
1000000

291
297
302
306
310
313
317
320
322
327
331
335
338
341
346
351
354
357
361
364
367
368
370
375
377
379
380
381
382
384

800

850
900
950
1000
1100

Note.-N is population size.

S in semple size.

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ICREJCIE AND hlORGAN

609
1,000,000

75,000

50,000

25,000
20,000
15,000

-10,000

8000

a
0

6000
5000

pc

-4000
3500

-3000
2700

E"
P

2500
2300
2100
1900

3
*
0
P

1700

1500
1400

1300
i

1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200

100

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$
8

610

EDUCATIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT

The relationship between sample size and total population is

illustrated in Figure 1. It should be noted that as the population
increases the sample size increases at a diminishing rate and remains relatively constant at slightly more than 380 cases.

REFERENCE
Small-Sample Techniques. The NEA Research Bulletin, Vol. 38
(December, 1960), p. 99.

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