Double Circulatory System :

The double circulatory system of blood flow refers to the separate

systems of pulmonary circulation and the systemic circulation in amphibians,
birds and mammals (including humans.) In contrast, fish have a single
circulation system because they do not have lungs. All animals with lungs
have a double circulatory system.
For instance the adult human heart consists of two separated pumps, the
right side with the right atrium and ventricle (which pumps deoxygenated
blood into the pulmonary circulation), and the left side with the left atrium
and ventricle (which pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation).
Blood in one circuit has to go through the heart to enter the other circuit.
Blood circulates through the body at speeds which vary by a factor of one
hundred, from 1.2 m/s in the aorta to approximately 1.1 cm/s in the
capillaries. The circulatory system features numerous return paths (out to
the kidneys and back, to the liver and back, to the legs and back, etc.), so it
is incorrect to think of blood cells traveling the entire circulatory distance.
The average adult heart pumps approximately 5 L/min of blood at rest (the
cardiac output); with a total blood volume of approximately 5L in an average
adult, a blood cell will run through the complete circuit about once a minute,
though this depends on what tissue it circulates to. For example, blood
supplying the coronary circulation of the heart muscle itself will return to the

pulmonary loop much faster than blood supplying the toes. During intense
exercise, the cardiac output can increase fivefold.
The Example of Double Circulation System =

Reptile :

Mammalia :

A = Pulmonary Artery

B = Vena Cava

C = Hepatic Portal Vein

D = Renal Artery

E = Pulmonary Vein

F = Aorta

G = Hepatic Artery

H = Illiac Artery

Mammalia and Bird :

Single Circulatory System :

A single circulatory system is a circulatory system that does not have
blood going to both lungs and body.

The example of single circulatory system :