QCVN 50:2013/BTNMT

QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA V NGNG NGUY HI I VI BN THI T QU

TRNH X L NC
National Technical Regulation on Hazardous Thresholds for Sludges from Water Treatment
Process
Li ni u
QCVN 50:2013/BTNMT do T son tho Quy chun k thut quc gia v bn thi t qu trnh x
l nc bin son, c xy dng da trn QCVN 07:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia
v ngng cht thi nguy hi; Tng cc Mi trng, V Khoa hc v Cng ngh, V Php ch
trnh duyt v c ban hnh theo Thng t s 32/2013/TT-BTNMT ngy 25 thng 10 nm 2013
ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng.
QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA V NGNG NGUY HI I VI BN THI T QU
TRNH X L NC
National Technical Regulation on Hazardous Thresholds for Sludges from Water
Treatment Process
1. QUY NH CHUNG
1.1. Phm vi iu chnh
Quy chun ny quy nh ngng nguy hi ca cc thng s (tr cc thng s phng x) trong
bn thi pht sinh t qu trnh x l nc thi, x l nc cp (sau y gi chung l qu trnh x
l nc), lm c s phn nh v qun l bn thi.
p dng i vi cc loi bn thi pht sinh t qu trnh x l nc, c tn tng ng trong
Thng t s 12/2011/TT-BTNMT ngy 14 thng 4 nm 2011 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng
quy nh v qun l cht thi nguy hi.
1.2. i tng p dng
Quy chun ny p dng i vi mi t chc, c nhn c cc hot ng lin quan n bn thi t
qu trnh x l nc.
1.3. Gii thch thut ng
Trong Quy chun ny, cc thut ng di y c hiu nh sau:
1.3.1. Bn thi pht sinh t qu trnh x l nc l hn hp cc cht rn, c tch, lng, tch t
v thi ra t qu trnh x l nc.
1.3.2. Hm lng tuyt i l hm lng phn triu (ppm) ca thng s trong bn thi theo khi
lng.
1.3.3. Ngng hm lng tuyt i (Htc) l ngng nguy hi ca bn thi tnh theo hm lng
tuyt i.
1.3.4. Hm lng tuyt i c s (H) l gi tr dng tnh ton ngng hm lng tuyt i
(Htc) theo cng thc (1).
1.3.5. Nng ngm chit (eluate/leaching) l nng (mg/l) ca thng s trong dung dch sau
khi phn tch mu bn thi bng phng php ngm chit. Ctc l ngng nguy hi ca cc thng
s trong bn thi tnh theo nng ngm chit.
1.3.6. S CAS l m s ca ha cht theo Hip hi Ha cht Hoa K (Chemical Abstracts
Service).
2. QUY NH K THUT

2.1. Nguyn tc chung

Vic xc nh mt dng bn thi l cht thi nguy hi hay khng phi cn c vo ngng nguy
hi ca cc thng s trong bn thi. Nu kt qu phn tch mu ca dng bn thi cho thy t
nht mt (01) thng s trong bn thi vt ngng nguy hi ti bt c thi im ly mu no th
dng bn thi c xc nh l cht thi nguy hi.
2.2. Phn nh bn thi
Bn thi ca qu trnh x l nc c xc nh l cht thi nguy hi nu thuc mt trong nhng
trng hp sau:
a) pH 12,5 hoc pH 2,0;
b) Trong mu bn thi phn tch c t nht 01 thng s quy nh ti Bng 1 c gi tr ng thi
vt c 2 ngng Htc v Ctc.
2.3. Ngng hm lng tuyt i Htc
Gi tr ngng hm lng tuyt i (Htc, ppm) c tnh bng cng thc sau:
(1)
Trong :
+ H (ppm) l gi tr Hm lng tuyt i c s c quy nh trong Bng 1;
+ T l t s gia khi lng thnh phn rn kh trong mu bn thi trn tng khi lng mu
bn thi.
2.4. Ngng nguy hi tnh theo nng ngm chit Ctc
Ngng nguy hi tnh theo nng ngm chit ca cc thng s trong bn thi t qu trnh x l
nc c quy nh ti Bng 1.
Bng 1. Hm lng tuyt i c s (H) v ngng nguy hi tnh theo nng ngm chit
(Ctc) ca cc thng s trong bn thi
TT

Thng s

S CAS

Ngng nguy
Hm lng
Cng thc ha
hi tnh theo
tuyt i c s
hc
nng ngm
H (ppm)
chit Ctc (mg/l)

1 Asen

As

40

2 Bari

Ba

2.000

100

3 Bc

Ag

100

4 Cadimi

Cd

10

0,5

5 Ch

Pb

300

15

6 Coban

Co

1.600

80

7 Km

Zn

5.000

250

8 Niken

Ni

1.400

70

9 Selen

Se

20

10 Thy ngn

Hg

11 Crm VI
12 Tng Xyanua

Cr

0,2

6+

100

590

CN

13 Tng Du

1.000

50

14 Phenol

108-95-2

C6H5OH

20.000

1.000

15 Benzen

71-43-2

C6H6

10

0,5

16 Clobenzen

108-90-7

C6H5Cl

1.400

70

17 Toluen

108-88-3

C6H5CH3

20.000

1.000

18 Naptalen

91-20-3

C10H8

1.000

19 Clodan

57-74-9

C10H6Cl8

0,6

0,03

20 2,4-Diclophenoxy
axeticaxit (2,4-D)

94-75-7

C6H3Cl2OCH2
COOH

100

21 Lindan

58-89-9

C6H6Cl6

0,3

22 Metoxyclo

72-43-5

C16H15CI3O

200

10

23 Endrin

72-20-8

C12H8Cl6O

0,4

0,02

24 Heptaclo

76-44-8

C10H5Cl7

0,2

0,01

25 Metyl parathion

298-00-0

(CH3O)2PSOC6H4NO2

20

26 Parathion

56-38-2

C10H14NO5PS

400

20

- Cc thng s c s th t t 1 n 15 c p dng vi tt c cc loi bn thi t cc qu

trnh x l nc.
- Cc thng s c s th t t 1 n 18 c p dng vi cc loi bn thi t qu trnh x l
nc thi ca cc qu trnh sn xut c th c tn Bng 2.
- Tt c cc thng s c tn trong Bng 1 (th t t 1 n 26) c p dng vi bn thi t qu
trnh x l nc thi sn xut, iu ch, cung ng cc sn phm thuc bo v thc vt, cht bo
qun g v cc loi bixit (biocide) hu c khc (th t 10 trong Bng 2).
Bng 2. Bn thi ca cc qu trnh sn xut c th
TT

M cht thi nguy hi

Bn thi t qu trnh x l nc thi ca cc qu trnh sn
(theo Thng t
xut c th
12/2011/TT-BTNMT ngy
14/4/2011)

1 Bn thi t qu trnh x l nc thi ca qu trnh lc du

01 04 07

Bn thi t qu trnh x l nc thi ca qu trnh ti ch, tn

thu du

12 07 05

Bn thi t qu trnh x l nc thi ca qu trnh sn xut, iu

ch, cung ng, s dng nha, cao su tng hp v si nhn to

03 02 08

Bn thi t qu trnh x l nc thi ca qu trnh sn xut, iu

ch v cung ng dc phm

03 05 08

Bn thi t qu trnh x l nc thi ca qu trnh sn xut, iu

5 ch, cung ng, s dng cht bo, x phng, cht ty ra, st
trng v m phm

03 06 08

Bn thi t qu trnh x l nc thi ca qu trnh sn xut, iu

6 ch, cung ng, s dng ha cht tinh khit v cc ha phm
khc

03 07 08

Bn thi t qu trnh x l nc thi ca qu trnh sn xut thy

tinh v sn phm thy tinh

8 Bn thi t qu trnh x l nc thi ca ngnh dt nhum

06 01 06
10 02 03

Bn thi t qu trnh x l nc thi ca qu trnh sn xut, iu

ch, cung ng, s dng phm mu hu c

03 03 08

Bn thi t qu trnh x l nc thi ca qu trnh sn xut, iu

10 ch, cung ng cc sn phm thuc bo v thc vt, cht bo
qun g v cc loi bixit (biocide) hu c khc

03 04 08

11

Bn thi t qu trnh x l nc thi ti c s sn xut, iu

ch, cung ng v s dng ha cht v c

02 05 01

12

Bn thi t qu trnh x l nc thi ca qu trnh sn xut, iu

ch, cung ng v s dng ha cht hu c c bn

03 01 08

3. QUY NH V LY MU, PHN TCH, PHN NH BN THI

3.1. Quy nh i vi n v ly mu, phn tch
3.1.1. n v ly mu, phn tch phi c giy chng nhn iu kin hot ng dch v quan
trc mi trng hoc c c quan qun l nh nc v mi trng c thm quyn ch nh.
3.1.2. n v ly mu, phn tch phi c trch nhim nh sau:
a) Phi chu trch nhim trc php lut v vic ly mu v kt qu phn tch mu lm c s
phn nh v qun l bn thi.
b) Phi c cn b c nng lc tin hnh ly mu v lp bin bn ly mu km theo.
c) Phi p dng ng nguyn tc ly mu v phng php xc nh quy nh ti Quy chun ny.
3.1.3. Trng hp c tranh chp do s khc bit gia kt qu phn tch ca hai n v ly mu,
phn tch th c quan qun l nh nc v mi trng ch nh mt n v ly mu, phn tch th
ba (c iu kin nh quy nh ti im 3.1.1) lm trng ti, ng thi yu cu hai n v ly
mu, phn tch nu trn tin hnh lp li kim tra i chiu.
3.2. Nguyn tc ly mu, phn tch v phn nh bn thi
Phi ly mu vo t nht 03 ngy khc nhau, thi im ly mu ca mi ngy phi khc nhau
(u, gia v cui ca mt ca hoc m hot ng).
Phi khuy, trn u trc khi ly mu bn thi; ly t nht 03 mu i din ngu nhin cc v
tr khc nhau.
Gi tr trung bnh kt qu phn tch ca mu c ly so snh vi gi tr ngng hm lng
tuyt i Htc hoc ngng nguy hi theo nng ngm chit Ctc phn nh bn thi.
4. PHNG PHP XC NH
4.1. Ly mu bn thi p dng theo hng dn ca cc tiu chun quc gia sau y:
- TCVN 6663-13:2000 - Cht lng nc. Ly mu. Phn 13 hng dn ly mu bn nc, bn
nc thi v bn lin quan;
- TCVN 6663-15:2004 - Cht lng nc - Ly mu. Hng dn bo qun v x l mu bn v
trm tch.
4.2. Phng php xc nh gi tr cc thng s trong bn thi thc hin theo cc tiu
chun quc gia v quc t sau y:
- ASTM D4980-89: Phng php chun xc nh pH trong cht thi (Standard test method for
screening of pH in waste).

- TCVN 9239:2012 - Cht thi rn - Quy trnh chit c tnh.

- TCVN 9240:2012 - Cht thi rn - Phng php th tiu chun chit cht thi theo tng m.
- EPA SW-846 - Phng php 9010 hoc 9012: Phn tch xyanua trong cht thi (Method 9010
9012: Determination of Cyanide in wastes).
- US EPA 9071 B - Phng php 9071 B: Phn tch du trong bn, trm tch, mu cht rn
(Method 9071 B n-Hecxan extractable material (HEM) for sludge, sediment, and solid samples).
4.3. Phn tch dung dch sau ngm chit:
Vic xc nh nng ngm chit ca cc thnh phn nguy hi p dng cc phng php phn
tch theo tiu chun quc gia hoc tiu chun quc t c cng nhn.
5. T CHC THC HIN
5.1. Quy chun ny p dng thay th QCVN 07:2009/BTNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v
ngng cht thi nguy hi ban hnh km theo Thng t s 25/2009/TT-BTNMT ngy 16 thng
11 nm 2009 ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng trong trng hp xc nh ngng
nguy hi i vi bn thi t qu trnh x l nc.
5.2. Ngng nguy hi ca cc thng s quy nh ti quy chun ny hon ton tng ng vi
quy nh ti QCVN 07:2009/BTNMT. Trong trng hp QCVN 07:2009/BTNMT sa i, b
sung, thay th th p dng cc ngng nguy hi theo quy nh mi.
5.3. C quan qun l nh nc v mi trng c trch nhim hng dn, kim tra, gim st vic
thc hin quy chun ny.
5.4. Trng hp cc tiu chun v phng php xc nh vin dn trong quy chun ny sa i,
b sung hoc thay th th p dng theo tiu chun mi.