Professional Documents
Culture Documents
+6
690$
0$21561.90
','$&+MWTKQWFKCVYPFYFGMC CXRQUVQNYPVQKLGSPGUKP
'GWVGTC FG GXPVQNJ VJL FKFCEJL> QWX HQPGWUGKL QWX OQKEGWUGKL QWX
RCKFQHSQTJUGKL QWX RQTPGWUGKL QWX MNG[GKL QWX OCIGWUGKL QWX HCTOCMGWUGKL
'KFCEJ
'KFCEJ
UQW FYUGKL NWVTYUKP CBOCTVKYP UQW> QWX FKUVCUGKL FQWPCK QWXFG FKFQWL
IQIIWUGKL> IPYUJ^ ICT VKL GXUVKP QB VQW OKUSQW MCNQL CXPVCRQFQVJL QWXM
CXRQUVTCHJUJ^ VQP GXPFGQOGPQP UWIMQKPYPJUGKL FG RCPVC VY^ CXFGNHY^ UQW MCK
QWXMGXTGKLKFKCGKPCK> GKX ICTGXPVY^ CXSCPCVY^ MQKPYPQK GXUVGRQUY^ OCNNQPGXP
VQKL SPJVQKL
QWXM CXTGKL VJP EGKTC UQW CXRQ VQW WKBQW UQW J
CXRQ VJL
SWICVTQL UQW CXNNC CXRQ PGQVJVQL FKFCZGKL VQP HQDQP VQW SGQW QWXM
GXRKVCZGKL FQWNY^ UQW J
RCKFKUMJ^ VQKL GXRK VQP CWXVQP SGQP GXNRK\QWUKP GXP
RKMTKC^ UQW OJRQVG QWX OJ HQDJSJUQPVCK VQP GXR8 CXOHQVGTQKL SGQP>QWX ICT
GTEGVCK MCVC RTQUYRQP MCNGUCK CXNN8 GXH8 QW?L VQ RPGWOC JBVQKOCUGP WBOGKL
FG QKB FQWNQKWBRQVCIJUGUSG VQKLMWTKQKLWBOYPYBLVWRY^ SGQW GXP CKXUEWPJ^ MCK
HQDY^ OKUJUGKLRCUCPWBRQMTKUKPMCKRCPQ? OJCXTGUVQPVY^MWTKY^ QWXOJ
GXIMCVCNKRJ^LGXPVQNCLMWTKQW HWNCZGKLFG C? RCTGNCDGLOJVGRTQUVKSGKL OJVG
CXHCKTYP GXP GXMMNGUKC^ GXZQOQNQIJUJ^ VC RCTCRVYOCVC UQW MCK QWX
RTQUGNGWUJ^ GXRK RTQUGWEJPUQWGXPUWPGKFJUGKRQPJTC^ CW=VJGXUVKPJB QBFQLVJL
\YJL
= TC OJ VKL UG RNCPJUJ^ CXRQ VCWVJL VJL QBFQW VJL FKFCEJL GXRGK
1
RCTGMVQL SGQW UG FKFCUMGK GKX OGP ICT FWPCUCK DCUVCUCK Q=NQP VQP \WIQP
VQWMWTKQWVGNGKQLGUJ^> GKXF8 QWXFWPCUCKQBFWPJ^VQWVQRQKGK
2GTK FG VJL DTYUGYL Q= FWPCUCK DCUVCUQP> CXRQ FG VQW GKXFYNQSWVQW
NKCP RTQUGEG> NCVTGKCICTGXUVKPSGYP PGMTYP
'KFCEJ
$KB FG PJUVGKCK WBOYP OJ G=UVYUCP OGVC VYP WBRQMTKVYP> PJUVGWUQWUK
ICT FGWVGTC^ UCDDCVYP MCK RGORVJ^> WBOGKL FG PJUVGWUCVG VGVTCFC MCK
RCTCUMGWJP> OJFGRTQUGWEGUSGYBLQKBWBRQMTKVCK CXNN8YBLGXMGNGWUGPQBMWTKQL
GXP VY^ GWXCIIGNKY^ CWXVQW QW=VYL RTQUGWEGUSG> 2CVJT JBOYP QB GXP VY^ QWXTCPY^
CBIKCUSJVY VQQPQOCUQWGXNSGVYJBDCUKNGKCUQW IGPJSJVYVQSGNJOCUQWYBL
GXPQWXTCPY^ MCKGXRKIJL> VQPCTVQPJBOYPVQP GXRKQWUKQPFQLJBOKPUJOGTQPMCK
CHGL JBOKP VJP QXHGKNJP JBOYP YBL MCK JBOGKL CXHKGOGP VQKL QXHGKNGVCKL JBOYP
MCK OJ GKXUGPGIMJ^L JBOCL GKXL RGKTCUOQP CXNNC TBWUCK JBOCL CXRQ VQW RQPJTQW>
Q=VKUQW GXUVKPJB FWPCOKLMCK JB FQZCGKXLVQWL CKXYPCL VTKLVJLJBOGTCLQW=VY
RTQUGWEGUSG
'KFCEJ
? LC
PQWPGXNSYPFKFCZJ^WBOCL VCWVCRCPVCVCRTQGKTJOGPCFGZCUSG
1
CWXVQP> GXCPFG CWXVQLQB FKFCUMYPUVTCHGKL FKFCUMJ^ CNNJPFKFCEJPGKXL
VQ MCVCNWUCK OJ CWXVQW CXMQWUJVG> GKXL FG VQ RTQUSGKPCK FKMCKQUWPJP MCK
IPYUKP MWTKQWFGZCUSG CWXVQPYBLMWTKQP
2GTK FG VYPCXRQUVQNYPMCK RTQHJVYPMCVC VQ FQIOCVQW GWXCIIGNKQW
QW=VYLRQKJUCVG RCLFG CXRQUVQNQLGXTEQOGPQLRTQL WBOCLFGESJVYYBLMWTKQL>
QWX OGPGK FG GKX OJ JBOGTCP OKCP> GXCP FG J^ ETGKC MCK VJP CNNJP> VTGKL FG
GXCP OGKPJ^ [GWFQRTQHJVJL GXUVKP> GXZGTEQOGPQL FG QB CXRQUVQNQL OJFGP
NCODCPGVY GKX OJ CTVQP G=YL QWX CWXNKUSJ^> GXCP FG CXTIWTKQP CKXVJ^
[GWFQRTQHJVJL GXUVK MCK RCPVC RTQHJVJP NCNQWPVC GXP RPGWOCVK QWX
RGKTCUGVG QWXFG FKCMTKPGKVG> RCUC ICT CBOCTVKC CXHGSJUGVCK CW=VJ FG JB
CBOCTVKCQWXM CXHGSJUGVCK QWX RCL FG QB NCNYPGXPRPGWOCVK RTQHJVJLGXUVKP
CXNN8 GXCP GEJ^ VQWL VTQRQWL MWTKQW 8$RQ QWP VYP VTQRYP IPYUSJUGVCK QB
[GWFQRTQHJVJL MCK QB RTQHJVJL MCK RCL RTQHJVJL QBTK\YP VTCRG\CP GXP
RPGWOCVK QWX HCIGVCK CXR8 CWXVJL> GKX FG OJIG [GWFQRTQHJVJL GXUVKX RCL FG
RTQHJVJL FKFCUMYP VJP CXNJSGKCP GKX C= FKFCUMGK QWX RQKGK [GWFQRTQHJVJL
GXUVKP RCL FG RTQHJVJL FGFQMKOCUOGPQL CXNJSKPQL RQKYP GKXL OWUVJTKQP
MQUOKMQP GXMMNJUKCLOJ FKFCUMYPFG RQKGKPQ=UC CWXVQLRQKGKQWX MTKSJUGVCK
GXH8 WBOYP> OGVC SGQW ICT GEGK VJP MTKUKP> YBUCWVYL ICT GXRQKJUCP MCK QKB
CXTECKQK RTQHJVCK Q?L F8 C
P GKRJ^ GXP RPGWOCVK> 'QL OQK CXTIWTKC J
G=VGTC
'KFCEJ
VKPC QWXM CXMQWUGUSG CWXVQW> GXCP FG RGTK CNNYP WBUVGTQWPVYP GKRJ^ FQWPCK
OJFGKLCWXVQPMTKPGVY
2CL FG QB GXTEQOGPQL GXP QXPQOCVK MWTKQW FGESJVY GRGKVC FG
FQMKOCUCPVGL CWXVQP IPYUGUSGUWPGUKPICTG=ZGVG FGZKCPMCK CXTKUVGTCP GKX
OGP RCTQFKQL GXUVKP QB GXTEQOGPQL DQJSGKVG CWXVY^ Q=UQP FWPCUSG> QWX OGPGK FG
RTQLWBOCLGKX OJ FWQJ
VTGKLJBOGTCLGXCP J^ CXPCIMJ GKX FG SGNGKRTQLWBOCL
MCSJUSCK VGEPKVJLYPGXTIC\GUSYMCK HCIGVY GKX FG QWXMGEGKVGEPJPMCVC
VJP UWPGUKPWBOYPRTQPQJUCVGRYLOJ CXTIQL OGS8WBOYP\JUGVCK&TKUVKCPQL
GKX F8 QWX SGNGK QW=VY RQKGKP ETKUVGORQTQL GXUVKP> RTQUGEGVG CXRQ VYP
VQKQWVYP
2CLFGRTQHJVJLCXNJSKPQLSGNYP MCSJUSCKRTQLWBOCLCZKQLGXUVKPVJL
VTQHJL CWXVQW YBUCWVYL FKFCUMCNQL CXNJSKPQL GXUVKP CZKQL MCK CWXVQL
Y=URGTQB GXTICVJLVJL VTQHJLCWXVQW RCUCPQWPCXRCTEJPIGPPJOCVYP NJPQW
MCK C=NYPQL DQYP VG MCK RTQDCVYP NCDYP FYUGKL VJP CXRCTEJP VQKL
RTQHJVCKL> CWXVQK ICTGKXUKPQKB CXTEKGTGKL WBOYP GXCPFG OJ GEJVGRTQHJVJP
FQVG VQKL RVYEQKL GXCP UKVKCP RQKJ^L VJP CXRCTEJP NCDYP FQL MCVC VJP
GXPVQNJP YBUCWVYLMGTCOKQPQKPQWJ
GXNCKQW CXPQKZCLVJPCXRCTEJPNCDYPFQL
VQKL RTQHJVCKL> CXTIWTKQWFGMCKKBOCVKUOQWMCK RCPVQLMVJOCVQLNCDYPVJP
CXRCTEJPYBL CPUQKFQZJ^FQLMCVCVJPGXPVQNJP
'KFCEJ
KWWSEDUQDVFKDQDURGUX
KWWSNKD]DU]DUVNHSWLNQHW