"A dark chill night... time was 12 o'clock. I was walking alone in the road...

there was
absolute silence... my heart was beating lub dub... lub dud.. rain started drizzling... all of
a sudden I heard a loud noice... A car had rammed into a tree. I rushed to the car. The
driver was unconscious. There was smell of whisky. Friends, this is what happens when
you drink and drive."
Good Afternoon today I will be taking to about Virtual Reality
What is virtual Reality ?
Virtual Reality is an experience that simulates immersive physical presence in a real or
imagined environment called the virtual environment. The term refers to a computer
simulated reality that allows the user to interact with the virtual world through an
artificially created sensory experience.
A virtual environment (VE) is a digital space in which a users movements are tracked
and his or her surroundings rendered, or digitally composed and displayed to the senses,
in accordance with those movements. This allows for a much higher level of interactivity
than traditional media.
Virtual reality can be created using a variety of technologies for numerous applications.
Virtual Reality is able to immerse the user in a computer generated world that can model
anything ranging from a room, a city, to the interior of the human body using real time
simulation and interactions through multiple sensory channels.
Virtual Reality environment can be similar to the real world in order to create a life-like
experiencefor example, in simulations for pilot or combat trainingor it can differ
significantly from reality, such as in VR games. Virtual Reality makes it possible to
explore the unchartered territories of human imagination.
Virtual Reality, along with Augmented Reality is a technology that seems really promising
for the future, and its applications are endless.
Virtual Reality (VR) is a concept that immerses a user into the digital world, where the
user can interact with it, whereas AR is about bringing the digital information into the real
world.
With AR, users continue to be in touch with the real world while interacting with virtual
objects around them. With VR, the user is isolated from the real world while immersed in
a world that is completely fabricated.
However, virtual reality and augmented reality are similar in the goal of immersing the
user, though both systems to this in different ways.

Brief History
In 1968, Ivan Sutherland created what is widely considered to be the first virtual
reality and head-mounted display (HMD) system.
Atari founded a research lab for virtual reality in 1982
In 1985, Jason Lanier had founded the company VPL Research , which has
developed several VR devices
In 1988 commercial development of VR began
In 1991, Sega announced the Sega VR headset for arcade games and the Mega
Drive console
In the same year, the first commercial VR entertainment system called Virtuality
was released.
In 2010, Palmer Luckey, who later went on to found Oculus VR, designed the first
prototype of the Oculus Rift.
In 2014, Google announces Cardboard, a do-it-yourself stereoscopic viewer for
smartphones.
In March 2015, HTC partnered with Valve Corporation announced their virtual
reality headset HTC Vive
In July 2015, OnePlus became the first company to launch a product using virtual
reality.
The 3 Is of Virtual Reality
1. Immersion
a. The feeling of presence, being there
b. The amount and quality of stimuli and sensations
c. Real time - very little latency/delay accepted
2. Interactive
a. Not just passive watching
b. Moving in the virtual world
c. Communicating through sensory perceptions

3. Imagination
a. The applications
b. The ideas and virtual worlds
c. The flexibility in design and usage
Types of Virtual Reality Systems
Immersive VR
Completely immerses the user into the virtual environment by engaging
multiple sensory perceptions.
The user has no visual contact with the physical world.
Equipped with a Head Mounted Display (HMD).
Distributed VR
A distributed virtual reality system simulates a virtual environment on several
computers which are connected over the network, and the people are able to
interact in real time using the same virtual environment.
Mixed Reality VR
Presents an integration of Virtual reality and Augmented reality
techniques through a seamless merging of the real and virtual space.
Mixed Reality VR is about integrating the computer-generated virtual
objects into the physical world, which in a sense become a part of our
natural environment.

Technologies of VR
Head Mounted Display(HMD)
A Helmet or a face mask providing the visual and auditory displays
Use LCD or CRT to display stereo images.
May include built-in head tracker and stereo headphones
Immersive Experience
Depth Perception
E.g: Oculus Rift,Samsung Gear VR
Binocular Omni-Orientation Monitor (BOOM)
The BOOM is a counterbalanced CRT-based stereoscopic viewing device
that enables interactive, real-time viewpoint control in a 3D environment
generated by computer or camera.
Images presented on BOOM are more stable than head mounted systems.
Uses CRT to provide high-resolution and display with a wide field of view.
Convenient to use
Fast and accurate built-in mechanical tracking
Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE)
CAVE is an immersive virtual reality environment which provides the illusion of
immersion by projecting stereo images on the walls and floor of a room-sized
cube.
A head tracking system continuously adjusts the stereo projection to the current
position of the leading viewer.
The walls of the CAVE are typically made up of projection screens, however flat
panel displays are becoming increasingly common.

Components of a VR system
Input Processor
Controls the devices used to input information to the computer. The
objective is to get the data to the rest of the system with minimum lag.
Eg: Keyboard, mouse, 3-D tracking system, Voice recognition system etc.
Simulation Processor
The simulation processor forms the core of a VR system.
It takes the users inputs along with any task programmed into the virtual
system to determine the actions that will take place in the virtual world.
Rendering Processor
Creates the sensations that act as outputs to the user
Separate rendering processes are used for visual, auditory, haptic and
other sensory systems.
World Database (World Description Files)
Stores the objects and the entities that are perceived in the virtual world
and describes their actions.
Application
ENTERTAINMENT
Entertainment
Virtual Reality makes entertainment,
More vivid
More exciting
More attractive
Some

examples of VR in entertainment :Gaming

Virtual Museums
Virtual theme parks
Theatre

Medicine
Health Care is one of the biggest users of Virtual Reality for things like,

Surgery simulation.
Perform surgery on a remote patient using robotic surgery.
Teach new skills in a safe, controlled environment.
Phobia Treatment.
Data Visualization

Virtual Reality can open new avenues in the field of data visualization, giving us
access to an immersive environment to view data of all kinds. This will also help
us analyze data in a more effective manner.

Education & Training

Virtual Reality is one of the many forms of technology that schools have begun to use in
the last decade.

 VR offers a novel form of visualization which can lead to a much more effective
method of learning than traditional methods.
VR can also be used to train teachers in a virtual classroom.
Using a virtual classroom, students can attend classes from anywhere they can
find internet access.

Engineering
The use of Virtual Reality in engineering includes the use of 3-D modelling tools
and other visualization techniques as a part of the design process.
VR technology allows engineers to gain a deeper understanding of their project
and make changes accordingly. Any potential flaws or risks can be spotted more
easily. This saves both time and money.
It can be used for prototyping during the design phase.
Fine grain details of an engineering product can be visualised in a safe
environment.

Current problems & Future work

Cyber Sickness / simulator sickness

Expensive
Lack of integration between application packages
Cost-saving
Collaborative
High-level contact between participants in distributed VR
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS FOR VR :
Desktop Requirements:
GPU: NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 or greater
CPU: Intel Core i5- 4590 equivalent or greater
Memory/RAM: 8GB+ RAM
Video Output: 1x HDMI 1.3
Ports: 3x USB 3.0
OS: Windows 7 SP1 (64bit) or higher
Driver: Oculus 361.91 and newer
HTC 361.75 and newer