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CHUYN IN PHN
I L THUYT
1) in phn nng chy: p dng i vi MCln, M(OH)n v Al2O3 (M l kim loi nhm IA
v IIA)
a) in phn nng chy oxit:
Nhm l kim loi c sn xut bng cch in phn Al2O3 nng chy. Al2O3 nguyn
cht nng chy nhit trn 20000C. Mt phng php rt thnh cng sn xut nhm l
to mt dung dch dn in c nhit nng chy thp hn 20000C bng cch ha tan Al2O3
vo criolit nng chy (Na3AlF6).
Phng trnh s in phn: 2Al2O3 = 4Al + 3O2
Tc dng ca Na3ALF6 (criolit):
- H nhit nng chy cho hn hp phn ng.
- Tng kh nng dn in cho Al.
- Ngn chn s tip xc ca oxi khng kh vi Al.
- Ch : Do in cc lm bng graphit (than ch) nn b kh sinh ra anot n mn:
2C + O2 2CO
2CO + O2 2CO2
V vy, trong qu trnh in phn nng chy oxit, ti anot thng thu c hn hp kh
CO, CO2, O2.
b) in phn nng chy hydroxit kim loi kim:
2MOH 2M + O2 + H2O (M = Na, K,)
c) in phn mui clorua (thng dng iu ch KL kim v kim th)
2MClx 2M + xCl2 (x = 1,2)
2) in phn dung dch cht in li trong nc:
- Vai tr ca nc: trc ht l dung mi ha tan cc cht in phn, sau c th tham gia
trc tip vo qu trnh in phn:
* Quy tc ant:
* Quy tc catot:
+ Ti catot (cc m) H2O b kh: 2H2O + 2e H2 + 2OH
+ Ti anot (cc dng) H2O b oxi ha: 2H2O O2 + 4H+ + 4e
- Ti catot (cc m) xy ra qu trnh kh M+, H+ (axit), H2O theo quy tc:
+ Cc cation nhm IA, IIA, Al3+ khng b kh (khi H2O b kh)
+ Cc ion H+ (axit) v cation kim loi khc b kh theo th t trong dy th in cc chun
(ion c tnh oxi ha mnh hn b kh trc): Mn+ + ne M
+ Cc ion H+ (axit) d b kh hn cc ion H+ (H2O)

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+ V d khi in phn dung dch hn hp cha FeCl3, CuCl2 v HCl th th t cc ion b kh

l: Fe3+ + 1e Fe2+ ; Cu2+ + 2e Cu ; 2H+ + 2e H2 ; Fe2+ + 2e Fe
- Ti anot (cc dng) xy ra qu trnh oxi ha anion gc axit, OH (baz kim), H2O theo quy
tc:
+ Cc anion gc axit c oxi nh NO3, SO42, PO43, CO32, ClO4khng b oxi ha
+ Cc trng hp khc b oxi ha theo th t: S2 > I > Br > Cl > RCOO > OH > H2O
3) nh lut Faraday: m

AIt
hay
nF

It
nF

Trong :
+ m: khi lng cht gii phng in cc (gam)
+ A: khi lng mol ca cht thu c in cc
+ n: s electron trao i in cc
+ I: cng dng in (A)
+ t: thi gian in phn
+ F: hng s Faraday (F = 96500 nu thi gian tnh theo giy; F = 26,8 nu thi gian tnh theo
gi)

II MT S C S GII BI TP V IN PHN
- Nu dung dch c cha ion Fe3+ v mt s ion dng khc th Fe3+ s nhn in t
theo nguyn tc sau:
Giai an 1: Fe3+ + 1e = Fe2+
Giai an 2: Fe2+ tr v ng v tr ca n: Fe2+ + 2e = Fe
- Khi lng catot tng chnh l khi lng kim loi to thnh sau in phn bm vo
- Khi catot bt u xut hin bt kh hoc khi lng catot khng i ngha l cc ion
kim loi b in phn trong dung dch b in phn ht, ti catot H2O bt u b in phn.
- Khi pH ca dung dch khng i c ngha l cc ion m hoc dng (hay c hai loi)
c th b in phn b in phn ht. Khi tip tc in phn s l H2O b in phn.
- Cht rn thot ra c th l kim loi (c th l kt ta ca mt kim loi hay c c hai).
- Cht kh thot ra sau in phn gm c kh thot ra catot v anot (tr kh gy ra phn
ng ph, to sn phm tan trong dung dch). Nu yu cu tnh lng kh, phi xc nh r
kh in cc no, hay kh thu c tt c sau in phn.
- Vi qu trnh in phn c sinh ra kt ta hay gii phng kh th:
mdung dch sau in phn = mdung dch trc in phn mkt ta - mkh
- gim khi lng ca dung dch: m = (m kt ta + m kh)
- Nu in phn cc bnh ni tip nhau th Q = I.t qua mi bnh bng nhau. S thu hoc
nhng electron cc cc cng tn phi nh nhau v cc cht sinh ra cc cc cng tn t l
mol vi nhau.
- Khi in phn cc dung dch:

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+ Hiroxit ca kim loi hot ng ha hc mnh (KOH, NaOH, Ba(OH)2,)
+ Axit c oxi (HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4,)
+ Mui to bi axit c oxi v baz kim (KNO3, Na2SO4,)
Thc t l in phn H2O cho H2 ( catot) v O2 ( anot)
- Khi in phn dung dch vi anot l mt kim loi khng tr (khng phi Pt hay in
cc than ch) th ti anot ch xy ra qu trnh oxi ha in cc
- C th c cc phn ng ph xy ra gia tng cp: cht to thnh in cc, cht tan
trong dung dch, cht dng lm in cc. V d:
+ in phn nng chy Al2O3 (c Na3AlF6) vi anot lm bng than ch th in cc b n
mn dn do chng chy trong oxi mi sinh
+ in phn dung dch NaCl khng mng ngn to ra nc Giaven v c kh H2 thot ra
catot
+ Phn ng gia axit trong dung dch vi kim loi bm trn catot
- Vit phn ng (thu hoc nhng electron) xy ra cc in cc theo ng th t, khng cn
vit phng trnh in phn tng qut
- Nu bi cho I v t th trc ht tnh s mol electron trao i tng in cc (n e) theo cng
thc: ne = . Sau da vo th t in phn, so snh tng s mol electron nhng hoc
nhn vi ne bit mc in phn xy ra. V d d on xem cation kim loi c b kh
ht khng hay nc c b in phn khng v H2O c b in phn th in cc no
+ Trong nhiu trng hp, c th dng nh lut bo ton mol electron (s mol electron
thu c catot bng s mol electron nhng anot) gii cho nhanh.
- Nu bi yu cu tnh in lng cn cho qu trnh in phn th p dng cng thc:
Q = I.t = ne.F

III MT S V D MINH HA
Cu 1: in phn hon ton 200ml 1 dd cha 2 mui l Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3 vi I=0,804A,
thi gian in phn l 2gi, ngi ta nhn thy khi lng cc m tng thm 3,44g. Nng
mol ca mi mui trong dd ban u ln lt l:
A. 0,1M v 0,2M B. 0,1M v 0,1M C. 0,1M v 0,15M D. 0,15M v 0,2M
HD:
C1: Vit ptp
Theo Faraday tnh nO2 ri lp hpt gm nO2 v mKL
C2: Theo PP Bte: d dng c ngay h:

2 x y 4.0 , 015
64 x 108 y 3, 44

x = y = 0,02

Cu 2: in phn nng chy hon ton 1,9g mui clorua ca kim loi M c 0,48g kim loi
M catot. Kim loi M l:
A. Zn B. Ca C. Mg D. Ba
Cu 3: in phn mt dd mui MCln vi in cc tr. Khi catot thu c 16g kim loi M
th anot thu c 5,6 lt kh (ktc). Kim loi M l:
A. Mg B. Fe C. Cu D. Ca

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HD; Theo Bte c:

16
.n 0,25.2
M

Cu 4: C 400ml dd cha HCl v KCl em in phn trong bnh in phn c vch ngn vi
cng dng in 9,65A trong 20 pht th dung dch cha mt cht tan c PH=13 (coi th
tch dung dch khng i). Nng mol/lit ca HCl v KCl trong dung dch ban u ln lt?
A. 0,2M v 0,2M

B. 0,1M v 0,2M

C. 0,2M v 0,1M

D. 0,1M v 0,1M

HD: pH=13 => nKCl = nKOH = 0,04

Theo Faraday: nH2 = 0,06 => nH2(do HCl) = 0,04 => nHCl = 0,08
Cu 5: in phn 200ml dd CuSO4 0,2M vi I=10A trong thi gian a, thy c 224ml kh
(ktc) thot ra anot. Bit in cc tr v hiu sut phn ng l 100%. Khi lng kim loi
bm catot l:
A. 1,38g B. 1,28g C. 1,52g D. 2,56g
HD: Bi ton cho lng sn phm nn ta c tnh theo sn phm m khng cn quan tm n
lng ban u
Cu 6: in phn dd hh cha 0,04mol AgNO3 v 0,05mol Cu(NO3)2 (in cc tr), dng
in 5A, trong 32pht 10 giy. Khi lng kim loi bm vo catot l:
A. 6,24g B. 3,12g 6,5g D. 7,24g
HD: Th t in phn: Ag+ Ag (1)

Cu2+ Cu (2)

gi t1, t2 ln lt l thi gian in phn Ag+ v Cu2+

Ta c: t1 = 772s => t2 = 1158s => mCu = 1,92g

(Ag+ ht, Cu2+ d)

mcatot = mCu, Ag
Cu 7: Sau mt thi gian in phn 200ml dd CuCl2 ngi ta thu c 1,12 lt kh (ktc)
anot. Ngm inh st sch trong dd cn li sau khi in phn. Phn ng xong, nhn thy khi
lng inh st tng thm 1,2g. Nng mol ban u cu dd CuCl2 l:
A. 1M B. 1,5M C. 1,2M D. 2M
HD: Theo bi ra d dng thy c CuCl2 d v phn ng vi Fe
Theo tng gim khi lng => nCuCl2 (d) = nFe = 0,15; CuCl(p) = nCl2 = 0,05
Cu 8: in phn (vi in cc Pt) 200ml dd Cu(NO3)2 n hki bt u c kh thot ra
catot th ngng li. yn dd cho n khi khi lng catot khng i, lc khi lng catot
tng thm 3,2g so vi lc cha in phn. Nng mol ca dd Cu(NO3)2 trc phn ng l:
A. 0,5M B. 0,9M C. 1M D. 1,5M
HD: p: Cu(NO3)2 Cu + 2HNO3. (1)

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xmol

2x

yn dd cho n khi khi lng catot khng i khi c phn ng:

3Cu + 8HNO3 (2)
Do khi lng catot tng 3,2g nn sau (2) Cu d (HNO3 ht)
Theo (1), (2): mCu(d) = 64(x-3x/4) = 3,2 (tnh theo HNO3)
Cu 9: in phn 250g dd CuSO4 8% n khi nng CuSO4 trong dd thu c gim i v
bng mt na so vi trc phn ng th dng li. Khi lng kim bm catot l:
A. 4,08g B. 2,04g C. 4,58g D. 4,5g
HD: nCuSO4 = 0,125
Gi nCuSO4(p) = x Theo pt hoc theo BT e => nCu = x; nO2 = x/2
(0,125 x)160

C%CuSO4 = 250 (64 x 32. x )

0,04

Cu 10: in phn dd hn hp cha Ag2SO4 v CuSO4 mt thi gian thy khi lng catot
tng ln 4,96g v kh thot ra anot c th tch l 0,336 lt (ktc). Khi lng kim loi bm
catot ln lt l:
A. 4,32g v 0,64g B. 3,32g v 0,64g C. 3,32g v 0,84 D. 4,32 v 1,64
HD: gii h
Cu 11: in phn dung dch NaOH vi cng dng in l 10A trong thi gian 268 gi.
Sau khi in phn cn li 100 gam dung dch NaOH c nng 24%. Nng % ca dung
dch NaOH trc khi in phn l:
A. 4,2% B. 2,4% C. 1,4% D. 4,8%
HD: Khi in phn, NOH ko b in phn m nc b in phn.
H2O ---> H2 + 1/2.O2
p dng L Fa-ra-ay (L II), ta c: s mol e trao i = 10.268.3600/96500 = 100 (mol).
2H+ + 2e ---> H2
...........100.....50
=> n(H2O) = 50 mol
=> khi lng nc b in phn = 900 g
=> khi lng dd ban u = 1000 g.
Khi lng NaOH trong dd = 100.24% = 24 (g)
---> C%(dd ban u) = 24/1000.100% = 2,4 %.

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Cu 12: Cho 2lit dd hn hp FeCl2 0,1M v BaCl2 0,2M (dd X)
a. in phn dd X vi I=5A n khi kt ta ht ion kim loi bm trn catot th thi gian

in phn l:
A. 7720s B. 7700s C. 3860s D. 7750s
b. in phn (c mng ngn) dd X thm mt thi gian na n khi dd sau in phn c pH
= 13 th tng th tch kh thot ra anot (ktc) l:
A. 3,36lt 6. 6,72lit C. 8,4 lt D. 2,24lit
Cu 13: em in phn 200ml dd NaCl 2M(d=1,1g/ml) vi in cc bng than c mng ngn
xp v dd lun lun c khuy u.Kh catot thot ra 22,4 lt kh o iu kin 20 C,
1atm th ngng in phn. Cho bit nng phn trm ca dd NaOH sau in phn:
A.8%
B.54,42%
C. 16,64% D. 8,32%
D thy kh thot ra catot l
PT in phn:
Thy

vi
(1)
nn

in phn

0,733---------0,3665
Nn C%NaOH=8,32%
Cu 14: in phn ha ton 2,22 gam mui clorua kim loi trng thi nng chy thu c
448 ml kh ( ktc) anot. Kim loi trong mui l:
A. Na
B. Ca
C.K
D. Mg
HD: nCl2 = 0,02
Ti catot: Mn+ + ne M Theo lbt khi lng mM = m(mui) m(Cl2) = 2,22 0,02.71 = 0,8
gam
Ti anot: 2Cl Cl2 + 2e Theo lbt mol electron ta c nM =
M = 20.n n = 2 v M
l Ca
(hoc c th vit phng trnh in phn MCln
M + n/2Cl2 tnh) p n B
Cu 15: Tin hnh in phn (vi in cc Pt) 200 gam dung dch NaOH 10 % n khi dung
dch NaOH trong bnh c nng 25 % th ngng in phn. Th tch kh ( ktc) thot ra
anot v catot ln lt l:
A. 149,3 lt v 74,7 lt
B. 156,8 lt v 78,4 lt
C. 78,4 lt v 156,8 lt
D. 74,7 lt v 149,3 lt

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HD: mNaOH (trc in phn) = 20 gam
in phn dung dch NaOH thc cht l in phn nc: H2O 1/2 O2 (anot) + H2 (catot)
NaOH khng i m (dung dch sau in phn) = 80 gam m (H2O b in phn) = 200
80 = 120 gam nH2O = 20/3 mol VO = 74,7 lt v VH = 149,3 lt p n D
Cu 16: Sau mt thi gian in phn 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 ( d = 1,25 g/ml) vi in cc
graphit (than ch) thy khi lng dung dch gim 8 gam. lm kt ta ht ion Cu2+ cn li
trong dung dch sau in phn cn dng 100 ml dung dch H2S 0,5 M. Nng phn trm ca
dung dch CuSO4 ban u l:
A. 12,8 %
B. 9,6 %
C. 10,6 %
D. 11,8 %
HD: nH2S = 0,05 mol
- Gi x l s mol CuSO4 tham gia qu trnh in phn: CuSO4 + H2O Cu + 1/2O2 + H2SO4
(1) m (dung dch gim) = m Cu(catot) + m O2(anot) = 64x + 16x = 8 x = 0,1 mol CuSO4 + H2S CuS + H2SO4 (2)
nH2S = nCuSO4 = 0,05 mol
- T (1) v (2) nCuSO4 (ban u) = 0,1 + 0,05 = 0,15 (mol) C% =
p n B
Cu 17: in phn 100 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,2 M vi cng dng in 9,65A. Tnh khi
lng Cu bm vo catot khi thi gian in phn t1 = 200 s v t2 = 500 s. Bit hiu sut in
phn l 100 %
A. 0,32 gam v 0,64 gam
B. 0,64 gam v 1,28 gam
C. 0,64 gam v 1,60 gam
D. 0,64 gam v 1,32 gam
HD: nCuSO4 = 0,02 = nCu2+
Thi gian cn thit in phn ht Cu2+ l t =
s t1 < t < t2 Ti t1 c
2+
1/2 s mol Cu b in phn m1 = 0,01.64 = 0,64 gam v ti t2 Cu2+ b in phn ht
m2 = 1,28 gam p n B
Cu 18: in phn 200 ml dung dch hn hp AgNO3 0,1 M v Cu(NO3)2 0,2 M vi in cc
tr v cng dng in bng 5A. Sau 19 pht 18 giy dng in phn, ly catot sy kh
thy tng m gam. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 5,16 gam
B. 1,72 gam
C. 2,58 gam
D. 3,44 gam
Hng dn: nAg+ = 0,02 mol ; nCu2+ = 0,04 mol
- Ta c ne =
mol
- Th t cc ion b kh ti catot:
Ag+ + 1e Ag (1) sau (1) cn 0,06 0,02 = 0,04 mol electron
0,02 0,02 0,02
Cu2+ + 2e Cu (2) sau (2) cn d 0,02 mol Cu2+
0,02 0,04 0,02
m (catot tng) = m (kim loi bm vo) = 0,02.(108 + 64) = 3,44 gam p n D

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Cu 19: Ha tan 50 gam tinh th CuSO4.5H2O vo 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,6 M thu c
dung dch X. em in phn dung dch X (cc in cc tr) vi cng dng in 1,34A
trong 4 gi. Khi lng kim loi thot ra catot v th tch kh thot ra anot ( ktc) ln lt
l (Bit hiu sut in phn l 100 %):
A. 6,4 gam v 1,792 lt
B. 10,8 gam v 1,344 lt
C. 6,4 gam v 2,016 lt
D. 9,6 gam v 1,792 lt
Hng dn: nCuSO4.5H2O = nCuSO4 = 0,2 mol ; nHCl = 0,12 mol
- Ta c ne
= mol
- Th t in phn ti catot v anot l:
Ti catot: Cu2+ + 2e Cu Cu2+ cha b in phn ht m (kim loi catot) = 0,1.64 = 6,4
gam
0,1
0,2
0,1
Ti anot:
2Cl Cl2 + 2e ne (do Cl nhng) = 0,12 < 0,2 mol ti anot Cl b in phn ht v
0,12 0,06 0,12
n nc b in phn ne (do H2O nhng) = 0,2 0,12 = 0,08
mol
2H2O O2 + 4H+ + 4e
0,02
0,08
V (kh thot ra anot) = (0,06 + 0,02).22,4 = 1,792 lt p n A
Cu 20: C 200 ml dung dch hn hp Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3, in phn ht ion kim loi
trong dung dch cn dng cng dng in 0,402A trong 4 gi. Sau khi in phn xong
thy c 3,44 gam kim loi bm catot. Nng mol ca Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3 trong hn hp
u ln lt l:
A. 0,2 M v 0,1 M
B. 0,1 M v 0,2 M
C. 0,2 M v 0,2 M
D. 0,1 M v 0,1 M
Hng dn:
- Ta c ne =
- Ti catot: Ag+ + 1e Ag

mol

x
x (mol)
2+
Cu + 2e Cu
y
y (mol)

Ta c h phng trnh:

CM Cu(NO3)2 = CM AgNO3 = 0,1 M p n D

Cu 21: Ha tan 4,5 gam tinh th MSO4.5H2O vo nc c dung dch X. in phn dung
dch X vi in cc tr v cng dng in 1,93A. Nu thi gian in phn l t (s) th thu
c kim loi M catot v 156,8 ml kh ti anot. Nu thi gian in phn l 2t (s) th thu c
537,6 ml kh . Bit th tch cc kh o ktc. Kim loi M v thi gian t ln lt l:
A. Ni v 1400 s
B. Cu v 2800 s
C. Ni v 2800 s
D. Cu v 1400 s

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Hng dn: Gi nMSO4 = nM2+ = x mol

Cu 22: Mc ni tip hai bnh in phn: bnh (1) cha dung dch MCl2 v bnh (2) cha dung
dch AgNO3. Sau 3 pht 13 giy th catot bnh (1) thu c 1,6 gam kim loi cn catot bnh
(2) thu c 5,4 gam kim loi. C hai bnh u khng thy kh catot thot ra. Kim loi M l:
A. Zn
B. Cu
C. Ni
D. Pb
Hng dn: - Do hai bnh mc ni tip nn ta c:
Q = I.t =

M = 64 Cu p n B

Cu 23: in phn nng chy Al2O3 vi anot than ch (hiu sut in phn 100 %) thu c m
kg Al catot v 67,2 m3 ( ktc) hn hp kh X c t khi so vi hiro bng 16. Ly 2,24 lt (
ktc) hn hp kh X sc vo dung dch nc vi trong (d) thu c 2 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca
m l:
A. 54,0 kg
B. 75,6 kg
C. 67,5 kg
D. 108,0 kg
Hng dn: 2Al2O3

4Al + 3O2 (1) ; C + O2

CO2 (2) ; 2C + O2

2CO (3)

- Do
X = 32 hn hp X c CO2 ; CO (x mol) v O2 d (y mol)
- 2,24 lt X + Ca(OH)2 d 0,02 mol kt ta = nCO2 trong 67,2 m3 X c 0,6 CO2
- Ta c h phng trnh:

v 0,6 + x + y = 3 x = 1,8 v y = 0,6

kg p n B

T (1) ; (2) ; (3) mAl =

Cu 24: in phn dung dch gm 7,45 gam KCl v 28,2 gam Cu(NO3)2 (in cc tr, mng
ngn xp) n khi khi lng dung dch gim i 10,75 gam th ngng in phn (gi thit
lng nc bay hi khng ng k). Tt c cc cht tan trong dung dch sau in phn l
A. KNO3, HNO3 v Cu(NO3)2.

B. KNO3, KCl v KOH.

C. KNO3 v Cu(NO3)2.

D. KNO3 v KOH.
Gii

n KCl = 0.1 mol, n Cu(NO3)2 = 0.15 mol

2KCl + 2H2O 2KOH + H2 + Cl2
0.1

0.1

0.05

0.05 mol

m dd gim = 0.05 .2 + 0.05 .71 = 3.65 g < 10,75 g

Cu(NO3)2 tip tc b in phn
2Cu(NO3)2 + 2H2O 2Cu + 4 HNO3 + O2

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x

2x

x/2

m dd gim = 10,75 - 3.65 = 7.1 = 64x + 16x => x = 0.08875 mol

n HNO3 = 0.1775 mol,
n KOH = 0.1 mol ,
n Cu(NO3)2 d = 0.06125 mol
Cu 25: in phn dung dch hn hp cha 18,8g Cu(NO3)2 v 29,8g KCl in cc tr c
mng ngn.sau mt thi gian thy khi lng dung dch gim 17,15g so vi ban u,th tch
dung dch l 400ml.tnh nng mol cc cht sau iin phn.
HD: n Cu(NO3)2=0,1 mol
n KCl=0,4 mol
coi hn hp ban u gm 0,1 mol CuCl2 , 0,2 mol KCl v 0,2 mol KNO3
in phn
CuCl2--->Cu + Cl2
0,1...........0,1....0,1 ---->m gim= 0,1.64+0.1.71=13,5g
KCl+ H2O---->KOH + 1/2 H2 + 1/2 Cl2
x......................x.........0,5x.........0,5x ---->0,5x.2+0,5x.71=17,15-13,5 -->x=0,1 mol
Vy sau phn ng c 0,1 mol KCl, 0,1 mol KOH, 0,2 mol KNO3
--->C(M)
sau p c HNO3 , Cu(NO3)2 d , KNO3.

10

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T LUYN TRC NGHIM

Bi 1. Qu trnh xy ra ti cc in cc khi in phn dung dch Cu(NO3)2 l :
A. Cc dng : Kh ion NO3-

B. Cc m : Oxi ho ion NO3-

C. Cc m : Kh ion Cu2+

D. Cc dng : Kh H2O

Bi 2. Mt dung dch X cha ng thi NaNO3, Cu(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, Zn(NO3)2, AgNO3. Th t cc kim
loi thot ra catot khi in phn dung dch trn l:
A. Ag, Fe,Cu, Zn, Na

B. Ag, Fe, Cu, Zn

C. Ag, Cu, Fe

D. Ag, Cu, Fe, Zn

Bi 3. Khi in phn dung dch CuSO4 ngi ta thy khi lng catt tng ng bng khi lng ant gim.
iu chng t ngi ta dng
A. catt Cu.

B. catt tr.

C. ant Cu.

D. ant tr.

HD: hin tng cc tan (anot tan) => C

Bi 4 Dy gm cc kim loi c iu ch trong cng nghip bng phng php in phn hp cht nng
chy ca chng l.
A. Na, Ca, Zn

B. Na, Cu, Al

C. Na, Ca, Al

D. Fe, Ca, Al

Bi 5 in phn dung dch cha a mol CuSO 4 v b mol KCl ( vi in cc tr , c mng ngn xp ) .
dung dch sau in phn ho tan c MgO th iu kin ca a v b l
A. b > 2a

B. b =2a

C. b < 2a

D. 2b =a

Bi 6 in phn dung dch cha a mol CuSO4 v b mol NaCl (vi in cc tr c mng ngn xp).
dung dch sau khi n phn lm phenolphtalein chuyn sang mu hng th iu kin ca a v b l
A. b > 2a

B. b = 2a

C. b < 2a

D. 2b = a

Bi 7 Khi in phn hn hp dung dch b mol NaCl v a mol CuSO4 , nu dung dch sau khi in phn phn
ng c Al th s xy trng hp no sau y
A. b > 2a

B. b < 2a

C. b # 2a

D. a> 2b hoc a< 2b

Bi 8 Khi in phn c vch ngn dung dch gm NaCl, HCl . Sau mt thi gian in phn xc nh xy ra
trng hp no sau y, trng hp no ng :
A. Dung dch thu c lm qu tm ha

B. Dung dch thu c khng i mu qu tm

C. Dung dch thu c lm xanh qu tm

D. A hoc B hoc C u ng

Bi 9 Natri, canxi, magie, nhm c sn xut trong cng nghip bng phng php no:
A. Phng php thu luyn.

B. Phng php nhit luyn.

C. Phng php in phn.

D. Phng php in phn hp cht nng chy.

Bi 10 iu no l khng ng trong cc iu sau:

A. in phn dung dch NaCl thy pH dung dch tng dn
B. in phn dung dch CuSO4 thy pH dung dch gim dn

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C. in phn dung dch NaCl + CuSO4 thy pH dung dch khng i
D. in phn dung dch NaCl + HCl thy pH dung dch tng dn
(coi th tch dung dch khi in phn l khng i, khi c mt NaCl th dng thm mng ngn)
Bi 11 Trong cng nghip natri hiroxit c sn xut bng phng php
A. in phn dung dch NaCl, khng c mng ngn in cc
B. in phn dung dch NaNO3, khng c mng ngn in cc
C. in phn dung dch NaCl, c mng ngn in cc
D. in phn NaCl nng chy
Bi 12 iu ch Cu t dung dch Cu(NO3)2 bng phng php no th thu c Cu tinh khit 99,999% ?
A. Phng php thy luyn.

B. Phng php nhit luyn

C. Phng php in phn

D. C A, B, C

Bi13 in phn dng in cc tr dung dch mui sunfat kim loi ho tr II vi cng dng in 3A.
Sau 1930 giy thy khi lng catot tng 1,92 gam, Cho bit tn kim loi trong mui sunfat
A. Fe

B. Ca

C. Cu

D. Mg

Bi 14 in phn dung dch MSO4 khi anot thu c 0,672 lt kh (ktc) th thy khi lng catot tng
3,84 gam. Kim loi M l
A. Cu

B. Fe

C. Ni

D. Zn

Bi 15 in phn 100 ml hn hp dung dch gm FeCl3 1M , FeCl2 2M , CuCl2 1M v HCl 2M vi in cc

tr c mng ngn xp cng dng in l 5A trong 2 gi 40 pht 50 giy catot thu c
A.5,6 g Fe

B.2,8 g Fe

C.6,4 g Cu

D.4,6 g Cu

HD: Th t p: 2 FeCl3 2FeCl2 + Cl2

CuCl2 Cu + Cl2
.....
Da vo thi gan xem qu trnh p n u
Bi 16 in phn nng chy mui clorua ca kim loi M, anot thu c 1,568 lt kh (ktc), khi lng
kim loi thu c catot l 2,8 gam. Kim loi M l
A. Mg

B. Na

C. K

D. Ca

Bi 17 Khi in phn 25,98 gam iotua ca mt kim loi X nng chy, th thu c 12,69 gam iot. Cho bit
cng thc mui iotua
A. KI

B. CaI2

C. NaI

D. CsI

Bi 18 Dung dch cha ng thi NaCl, CuCl 2, FeCl3, CaCl2. Kim loi u tin thot ra catot khi in
phn dung dch trn l :
A. Fe

B. Zn

C. Cu

D. Ca

Bi 19 in phn dung dch CuSO4 bng in cc tr vi dng in c cng I = 0,5A trong thi gian
1930 giy th khi lng ng v th tch kh O2 sinh ra l

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A. 0, 64g v 0,112 lit

B. 0, 32g v 0, 056 lt

C. 0, 96g v 0, 168 lt

D. 1, 28g v 0, 224 lt

Bi 20 in phn n ht 0,1 mol Cu(NO3)2 trong dung dch vi in tc tr, th sau in phn khi lng
dung dch gim bao nhiu gam
A. 1,6g

B. 6,4g

C. 8,0 gam

D. 18,8g

Bi 21: in phn 200 ml dung dch hn hp gm HCl 0,1M v CuSO4 0,5M bng in cc tr . Khi catot
c 3,2 gam Cu th th tch kh thot ra Anot
A.0,672 lit

B.0,84 lt

C.6,72 lt

D.0,448 lt

Bi 22 Tnh th tch kh (ktc) thu c khi in phn ht 0,1 mol NaCl trong dung dch vi in cc tr,
mng ngn xp.
A. 0,024 lit

B. 1,120 lit

C. 2,240 lit

D. 4,489 lit

Bi 23 in phn dung dch CuCl2 vi in cc tr , sau mt thi gian thu c 0,32 gam Cu catot v
mt lng kh X anot. Hp th hon ton lng kh X trn vo 200 ml dung dch NaOH nhit
thng). Sau phn ng nng NaOH cn li l 0,05M ( gi thit th tch ca dung dch NaOH khng thay
i). Nng ban u ca dung dch NaOH l.
A. 0,15 M

B. 0,2M

C. 0,1 M

D. 0,05M

Bi 24 *in phn 200 ml dung dch CuSO 4 vi in cc tr bng dng in mt chiu I = 9,65 A. Khi th
tch kh thot ra c hai in cc u l 1,12 lt (ktc) th dng in phn. Khi lng kim loi sinh ra
catt v thi gian in phn l:
A. 3,2gam v 2000 s

B. 2,2 gam v 800 s

C. 6,4 gam v 3600 s

D. 5,4 gam v 1800 s

Bi 25 in phn 200ml dd CuSO4 0,5 M v FeSO4 0,5M trong 15 pht vi in cc tr v dng in I=

5A s thu c catot
A. ch c ng

B. Va ng, va st

C. ch c st

D. va ng va st vi lng mi kim loi l ti

a

Bi 26 in phn 200ml dung dch hn hp gm HCl 0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,5M bng in cc tr. Khi
catot c 3,2g Cu th th tch kh thot ra ant l
A. 0, 56 lt

B. 0, 84 lt

C. 0, 672 lt

D. 0,448 lit

Bi 27 in phn dd cha 0,2 mol FeSO 4 v 0,06 mol HCl vi dng in 1,34 A trong 2 gi (in cc tr,
c mng ngn). B qua s ho tan ca clo trong nc v coi hiu sut in phn l 100%. Khi lng kim
loi thot ra catot v th tch kh thot ra anot (ktc) ln lt l:
A. 1,12 g Fe v 0, 896 lit hn hp kh Cl2 , O2.

B. 1,12 g Fe v 1, 12 lit hn hp kh Cl2 v O2.

C. 11,2 g Fe v 1, 12 lit hn hp kh Cl2 v O2.

D. 1,12 g Fe v 8, 96 lit hn hp kh Cl2 v O2.

Bi 28 Tin hnh in phn hon ton dung dch X cha AgNO 3 v Cu(NO3)2 thu c 56 gam hn hp kim
loi catot v 4,48 lt kh anot (ktc). S mol AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 trong X ln lt l
A. 0,2 v 0,3

B. 0,3 v 0,4

C. 0,4 v 0,2

13

D. 0,4 v 0,3

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Bi 29 in phn 100ml dung dch A cha ng thi HCl 0,1M v NaCl 0,2 M vi in cc tr c mng
ngn xp ti khi anot thot ra 0,224 lt kh (ktc) th ngng in phn. Dung dch sau khi in phn c pH
(coi th tch dung dch thay i khng ng k) l
A. 6

B. 7

C. 12

D. 13

Bi 30 in phn 300ml dung dch CuSO4 0,2M vi cng dng in l 3,86A. Khi lng kim loi thu
c catot sau khi in phn 20 pht l
A. 1,28 gam

B.1,536 gam

C. 1,92 gam

D. 3,84 gam

Bi 31 C 200ml dung dch hn hp Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3. in phn ht ion kim loi trong dung dch
cn dng dng in 0,402A, thi gian 4 gi, trn catot thot ra 3,44 gam kim loi. Nng mol/lit ca
Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3 l
A. 0,1 v 0,2

B. 0,01 v 0,1

C. 0,1 v 0,01

D. 0,1 v 0,1

Bi 32 Tin hnh in phn (c mng ngn xp) 500 ml dung dch cha hn hp HCl 0,02M v NaCl 0,2M.
Sau khi anot bay ra 0,448 lt kh ( ktc) th ngng in phn. Cn bao nhiu ml dung dch HNO 3 0,1M
trung ho dung dch thu c sau in phn
A. 200 ml

B. 300 ml

C. 250 ml

D. 400 ml

Bi 33 Ho tan 1,28 gam CuSO 4 vo nc ri em in phn ti hon ton, sau mt thi gian thu c 800
ml dung dch c pH = 2. Hiu sut phn ng in phn l
A. 62,5%

B. 50%

C. 75%

D. 80%

Bi 34 Ho tan 5 gam mui ngm nc CuSO4.nH2O ri em in phn ti hon ton, thu c dung dch
A. Trung ho dung dch A cn dung dch cha 1,6 gam NaOH. Gi tr ca n l
A. 4

B. 5

C. 6

D. 8

HD: T NaOH => nH2SO4 => nCuSO4 = nCuSO4.nH2O (cha 1 nhm SO4 nn lun bng nhau) => M
Bi 35 in phn dung dch mt mui nitrat kim loi vi hiu sut dng in l 100%, cng dng in
khng i l 7,72A trong thi gian 9 pht 22,5 giy. Sau khi kt thc khi lng catot tng ln 4,86 gam do
kim loi bm vo. Kim loi l
A. Cu

B. Ag

C. Hg

D. Pb

Bi 36 Tin hnh in phn (c mng ngn xp) dung dch X cha hn hp gm 0,02 mol HCl v 0,05 mol
NaCl vi Cng dng in l 1,93A trong thi gian 3000 giy, thu c dung dch Y. Nu cho qu tm
vo X v Y th thy
A. X lm qu tm, Y lm xanh qu tm.

B. X lm qu tm, Y lm qu tm.

C. X l qu tm, Y khng i mu qu tm.

D. X khng i mu qu tm, Y lm xanh qu tm

HD: loi D.
nH2 =

It
=> thi gian p ht HCl. Thy t < 3000 => NaCl b p => A
nF

Bi 37:in phn 100ml dung dch cha AgNO3 0.1M v Cu(NO3)2 0.1M vi cng dng in I l
1.93A.Tnh thi gian in phn (vi hiu xut l 100%) kt ta ht Ag (t1), kt ta ht Ag v Cu (t2)
A. t1 = 500s, t2 = 1000s

B. t1 = 1000s, t2 = 1500s

C. t1 = 500s, t2 = 1200s

D. t1 = 500s, t2 = 1500s

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Bi 38:in phn 100ml dung dch CuSO4 0.2M vi cng I = 9.65 A.Tnh khi lng Cu bm bn catot
khi thi gian in phn t1 = 200s v t2 = 500s(vi hiu sut l 100%).
A. 0.32g ; 0.64g

B. 0.64g ; 1.28g

C. 0.64g ; 1.32g

D. 0.32g ; 1.28g

HD: Ta thy thi gian p ht CuSO4 = 400s < 500s => ti 500s nCu = nCuSO4 => mCu = 1,28
Ti 200s ch p = => 0,64
Bi 39:in phn 100ml dung dch CuSO4 0.1M cho n khi va bt u si bt bn catot th ngng in
phn. Tnh pH dung dch ngay khi y vi hiu sut l 100%.Th tch dung dch c xem nh khng i.
Ly
lg2 = 0.30.
A. pH = 0.1

B. pH = 0.7

C. pH = 2.0

D. pH = 1.3

HD: Theo bi th CuSO4 ht. [H+] = 2[SO42-] = 0,2

Bi 40:in phn 100ml dung dch cha NaCl vi in cc tr ,c mng ngn, cng dng in I l
1.93A.
Tnh thi gian in phn c dung dch pH = 12, th tch dung dch c xem nh khng thay i, hiu
sut in phn l 100%.
A. 100s

B.50s

C. 150s

D. 200s

Bi 41:in phn 100 ml dung dch CuSO4 002M v AgNO3 0.1M vi cng dng in I = 3.86A.Tnh
thi gian in phn c mt khi lng kim loi bm bn catot l 1.72g.
A. 250s

B. 1000s

C. 500s

D. 750s

Bi 42:in phn 100ml dung dch CuCl2 0.08M. Cho dung dch thu c sau khi in phn tc dng vi
dung
dch AgNO3 d th thu c 0.861g kt ta. Tnh khi lng Cu bm bn catot v th tch thu c anot.
A.0.16g Cu ; 0.056 l Cl2
B. 0.64g Cu ; 0.112 l Cl2
C. 0.32g Cu ; 0.112 l Cl2

C. 0.64g Cu ; 0.224 l Cl2

HD:
Bi 43: in phn 100ml dung dch CuSO4 0.1M vi cng I = 9,65A.Tnh th tch kh thu c bn
catot
v bn anot lc t1 = 200s v t2 = 300s.
A.catot:0;112ml; anot:112;168ml
C. catot:112;168ml; anot:56;84ml

B. catot:0;112ml; anot:56;112ml
D. catot:56;112ml; anot:28;56ml

HD: p ht CuSO4 cn 200s = t1 => ti catot cha c kh; anot: nO2 = 1/2nCuSO4
Ti t2: H2O b p trong 100s => nH2 ; nO2 (tng)
Bi 44:in phn 100ml dung dch AgNO3 0.2M. Tnh cng I bit rng phi in phn trong thi gian
1000s th bt u si bt bn catot v tnh pH ca dung dch ngay khi y. Th tch dung dch c xem nh
khng thay i trong qu trnh in phn. Ly lg2 = 0.30.

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A. I = 1.93A, pH = 1.0

B. I = 2.86A, pH = 2.0

C. I = 1.93A, pH = 0,7

D. I = 2.86A, pH = 1.7

Bi 45:in phn 200ml dung dch CuSO4 0.1M v MgSO4 cho n khi bt u si bt bn catot th ngng
in phn. Tinh khi lng kim loi bm bn catot v th tch(ktc) thot ra bn anot.
A. 1.28g; 0,224 lt

B. 0.64; 1.12lt

C.1.28g; 1.12 lt

D. 0.64; 2.24 lt

Bi 46: (TSH khi B 2009) in phn nng chy Al2O3 vi anot than ch (hiu sut in phn 100%)
thu c m kg Al catot v 67,2 m3( ktc) hn hp kh X c t khi so vi hiro bng 16. Ly 2,24 lt (
ktc) hn hp kh X sc vo dung dch nc vi trong (d) thu c 2 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 54,0.

B. 75,6.

C. 67,5.

D. 108,0.

Bi 47. in phn 100 ml dung dch cha NaCl vi in cc tr,c mng ngn, cng dng in
I=3,86A.Tnh thi gian in phn c dung dch pH=12, th tch dung dch c xem nh khng
i,hiu sut l 100%.
A.100s

B. 50s

C. 150s

D. 25s

Bi 48. in phn 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,2 M v AgNO3 0,1 M.vi cng dng in I=3,86 A.Tnh thi
gian in phn c mt khi lng kim loi bm bn catot l 1,72g.
A.250s

B.1000s

C. 398,15s

D. 750s

Bi 49. Cho mt dng in c cng I khng i i qua 2 bnh in phn mc ni tip,bnh 1 cha 100ml
dung dch CuSO4 0,01M, bnh 2 cha 100 ml dung dch AgNO3 0,01M. Bit rng sau thi gian in phn
500s th bn bnh 2 xut hin kh bn catot, tnh cng I v khi lng Cu bm bn catot bnh 1 v th
tch kh (ktc) xut hin bn anot ca bnh 1.
A.0,193A;0,032g Cu;5,6 ml O2

B. 0,193A;0,032g Cu;11,2 ml O2

C.0,386A;0,64g Cu;22,4 ml O2

D. 0,193A;0,032g Cu;22,4 ml O2

Bi 50. in phn 400 ml dung dch cha 2 mui KCl v CuCl2 vi in cc tr v mng ngn cho n khi
anot thot ra 3,36lt kh(ktc) th ngng in phn. trung ha dung dich sau in phn cn 100 ml dd
HNO3 1M. Dung dch sau khi trung ha tc dng vi AgNO3 d sinh ra 2,87 (gam) kt ta trng. Tnh nng
mol ca mi mui trong dung dch trc in phn.
A. [CuCl2]=0,25M,[KCl]=0,03M

B. [CuCl2]=0,25M,[KCl]=3M

C. [CuCl2]=2,5M,[KCl]=0,3M

D. [CuCl2]=0,25M,[KCl]=0,3M

Bi 51. in phn 200 ml dd CuSO4(dung dch X) vi in cc tr sau thi gian ngng in phn th thy
khi lng X gim. Dung dch sau in phn tc dng va vi 500ml dd BaCl2 0,3M to kt ta trng.
Cho bit khi lng ring dung dch CuSO4 l 1,25g/ml; sau in phn lng H2O bay hi khng ng k.
Nng mol/lt v nng % dung dich CuSO4 trc in phn l?
A. 0,35M, 8%

B. 0,52, 10%

C. 0,75M,9,6%

D. 0,49M, 12%

Bi 52.in phn 200ml dung dch Y gm KCl 0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,2M vi cng dng in 5A trong
thi gian 1158 giy, in cc tr, mng ngn xp. Gi s nc bay hi khng ng k. gim khi lng
ca dung dch sau khi in phn l
A. 3,59 gam.

B. 2,31 gam.

C. 1,67 gam.

16

D. 2,95 gam

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Bi 53. in phn dung dch X cha 0,4 mol M(NO3)2 v NaNO3 (vi in cc tr) trong thi gian 48 pht
15 giy, thu c 11,52 gam kimloi M ti catt v 2,016 lt kh (ktc) ti ant.Tn kim loi M v cng
dng in l
A. Fe v 24A

B. Zn v 12A

C. Ni v 24A

D. Cu v 12A

Bi 54. in phn (p) 500ml dung dch AgNO3 vi in cc tr cho n khi catot bt u c kh thot ra
th ngng p . trung ha dd sau in phn cn 800ml dd NaOH 1M. Nng mol AgNO3, v thi gian
in phn l bao nhiu bit I=20A?
A. 0,8M, 3860giy

B. 1,6M, 3860giy

C. 1,6M, 360giy

D. 0,4M, 380giy

Bi 55: (TSH khi A 2009) Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn
dung dch mui ca chng l:
A. Fe, Cu, Ag.

B. Mg, Zn, Cu.

C. Al, Fe, Cr.

D. Ba, Ag, Au.

Bi 56: (TSH khi B 2009) in phn c mng ngn 500 ml dung dch cha hn hp gm CuCl 2 0,1M
v NaCl 0,5M (in cc tr, hiu sut in phn 100%) vi cng dng in 5A trong 3860 giy. Dung
dch thu c sau in phn c kh nng ho tan m gam Al. Gi tr ln nht ca m l
A. 4,05.

B. 2,70.

C. 1,35.

17

D. 5,40.