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3 Ltđh Tính Chất Kim Loại
3 Ltđh Tính Chất Kim Loại
BI TP T LUN
1. Cho hh X gm cc kim loi: Al, Fe, Ba. Chia X thnh 3 phn bng nhau: Phn I tc dng vi nc (d), thu c 0,896
lit H2(ktc). Phn II tc dng vi 50 ml dd NaOH 1M (d), thu c 1,568 lit H 2 (ktc). Phn III tc dng vi dd HCl
(d), thu c 2,24 lit H2 (ktc).Tnh % khi lng cc kim loi trong hh X
2. t chy hon ton 33,4 g hh B1 gm bt cc kim loi Al, Fe v Cu ngoi ko kh, thu c 41,4 g hh B 2 gm 3 oxit.
Cho ton b hh B2 thu c tc dng hon ton vi dd H2SO4 20% c khi lng ring d = 1,14 g/ml.
A, Vit cc PTHH cc p xy ra
B, Tnh th tch ti thiu dd H2SO4 20% ha tan ht hh B2
3.Cho bt Cu vo dung dch cha hn hp Fe(NO3)3 v AgNO3. Sau khi phn ng kt thc, thu c phn rn A v dung
dch B. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra v cho bit A, B gm nhng cht g ?
4.Cho kim loi Ba vo tng dung dch mui sau: NaHCO 3, CuCl2, AlCl3, (NH4)2SO4, NaCl. Cho bit hin tng xy ra,
vit phng trnh phn ng.
5.a) Fe c tan c trong dung dch CuSO4, FeCl3 khng ? Vit phng trnh phn ng nu c.
b) Cho Fe vo dung dch AgNO3. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng.
c) Cho bt st vo dung dch CuSO 4 th mu xanh ca dung dch nht dn. Ngc li, khi cho bt Cu vo dung dch
Fe2(SO4)3 th dung dch tr nn xanh m dn. Gii thch hin tng v vit cc phng trnh phn ng.
6.Cho a gam hn hp Al, Cu tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long, d thu c 6,72 lt kh. Nu cho ag hn hp trn tc
dng vi HNO3 c, nng thu c 17,92 lt kh NO2 v dung dch A.
a) Tnh a ?
b) Cho t t dung dch NH3 n d vo dung dch A. Tnh khi lng kt ta thu c.
c) C cn dung dch A, nung cht rn thu c n khi lng khng i thu c hn hp kh B. Cho kh B sc vo
nc c dung dch C (khng c kh thot ra). Dung dch C phn ng va vi 11,48g mt kim loi thu c 2,8 lt
kh NO (duy nht) v dung dch D. Xc nh kim loi trn. Cc th tch kh o iu kin chun.
7.Chia 5,56g hon hp A gom Fe va kim loai M (co hoa tr khong oi) thanh 2 phan
bang nhau. Hoa tan het phan 1 bang dung dch HCl c 1,568 lt hidro. Hoa tan het
phan 2 trong dung dch HNO 3 loang d c 1,344 lt kh NO duy nhat. Xac nh kim loai
M va thanh phan % khoi lng cac kim loai trong A.
8.C 200 ml dung dch AgNO3 0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,05M. Thm 2,6g Zn vo dung dch trn, khuy u cho ti phn ng
hon ton thu c cht rn A v dung dch B. Tnh khi lng cht rn A v nng mol ca dung dch B.
9.Nhng mt thanh st nng 100g vo 500 ml dung dch hn hp CuSO 4 0,08M v Ag2SO4 0,004M. Gi s tt c Cu, Ag
sinh ra bm vo Fe. Sau mt thi gian ly thanh st ra cn li c 100,48g.
a) Tnh khi lng Cu, Ag bm ln st.
b) Ho tan lng (Cu, Ag) trn bng dung dch HNO 3 c. Ton b kh NO 2 sinh ra hp th vo 500 ml dung dch NaOH
0,2M c dung dch A. Tnh nng mol/l ca cc cht trong dung dch A.
10. T mi cht Cu(OH)2, NaCl, FeS2 la chn phng php thch hp (cc iu kin khc c ) iu ch ra cc kim
loi tng ng. Khi , s phn ng ti thiu phi thc hin iu ch c 3 kim loi Cu, Na, Fe l(3/4/5/6)
11. T cc cht ring bit: CuSO4, CaCO3, FeS iu ch c cc kim loi Cu, Ca, Fe th s phng trnh phn ng ti
thiu phi thc hin l (cc iu kin khc c )
A. 1,40 V.
Cr
0,74 V; E0Cu2
Cu
C. 1,25 V.
D. 2,5 V.
56. Cho hn hp X gm: 0,1 mol Fe3O4 v 0,4 mol Cu vo 400ml dd HCl 2M. Sau phn ng cht rn thu c c khi
lng l
A. 25,6 gam
B. 19.2 gam
C. 20,3gam
D. 25,0gam
+
2
2+
2+
; Cu
; Ag
57. Cho bit th in cc chun ca cc cp oxi ho - kh Mg Mg; Zn
ln lt l -2,37 V;
Zn
Cu
Ag
0
-0,76 V; +0,34 V; +0,8 V. E pin 2,71 V l sut in ng chun ca pin in ho no trong s cc pin sau:
A. Mg Cu.
B. Zn Ag.
C. Mg Zn.
D. Zn Cu.
2
2+
2+
2+
2+
Mg
; Sn
; Fe
; Cu
; Zn
58. Bit th in cc chun ca cc cp oxi ho - kh
Mg
Zn
Sn
Fe
Cu ln lt l
-2,37 V; -0,76 V; -0,14 V; -0,44 V; +0,34 V.
Qu trnh: Sn
2+
2+
; Cu
; Ag
59. Cho bit th in cc chun ca cc cp oxi ha - kh 2H H ; Zn
ln lt l 0,00V;
Zn
Cu
Ag
2
-0,76V; +0,34V; +0,8V. Sut in ng ca pin in ho no sau y ln nht:
2Ag
H2 .
A. 2Ag 2H
B. Zn 2H
2
Zn
2
2
H2 .
C. Zn Cu
Zn
Cu .
2
D. Cu 2Ag
Cu
2Ag .
60. Nhng mt l Mg vo dung dch cha 2 mui FeCl 3 v FeCl2. Sau mt thi gian ly l Mg ra lm kh ri cn li thy
khi lng l Mg gim so vi ban u. Dung dch sau th nghim c cation no sau y?
A. Mg2+.
B. Mg2+ v Fe2+.
C. Mg2+, Fe2+ v Fe3+.
D. B hoc C.
61. Kh hon ton a gam FexOy bng kh CO nhit cao thu c 6,72 gam st v 7,04 gam kh CO 2. Cng thc ha
hc ca FexOy l:
A. FeO
B. Fe2O3
C. Fe3O4
D. Khng tm c
62. Cho hn hp bt Al, Fe vo dung dch cha Cu(NO 3)2 v AgNO3. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c
hn hp rn gm ba kim loi l:
A. Fe, Cu, Ag.
B. Al, Cu, Ag.
C. Al, Fe, Cu.
D. Al, Fe, Ag.
63. in phn dung dch CuCl2 vi in cc tr, sau mt thi gian thu c 0,32 gam Cu catt v mt lng kh X
ant. Hp th hon ton lng kh X trn vo 200ml dung dch NaOH ( nhit thng). Sau phn ng, nng ca
NaOH cn li l 0,05M. Gi thit th tch dung dch khng thay i. Nng ban u ca dung dch NaOH l
A. 0,15M.
B. 0,05M.
C. 0,2M.
D. 0,1M.
64. in phn dung dch cha a mol CuSO 4 v b mol NaCl (vi in cc tr, c mng ngn xp). dung dch sau in
phn lm phenolphtalein chuyn sang mu hng th iu kin ca a v b l
A. 2b = a.
B. b < 2a.
C. b = 2a.
D. b > 2a.
65. in phn nng chy a gam mui G to bi kim loi M v halogen X ta thu c 0,96gam kim loi M catot v 0,04
mol kh X2 anot. Mt khc, ha tan a(gam) mui G vo nc sau cho tc dng vi AgNO 3 c d thu c 11,48 gam
kt ta. Halogen X l:
A. Clo
B. Brom
C. Iot
D. Khng kt lun c
66. in phn 100ml dd CuSO4 0,1 M cho n khi catot bt u xut hin bt kh th ngng in phn. Xem th tch
dung dch thay i khng ng k, pH ca dung dch sau in phn l
A. 1
B. 2
C. 1,3
D. 0,7
67. in phn vi 2 in cc tr mt dung dch cha a gam CuSO 4 cho ti khi c 0,448 lt kh ( kc) xut hin anot th
ngng in phn v thu c dung dch X. Ngm cy inh st vo dd. Kt thc phn ng, ly cy inh st ra khi dung
dch , ra sch, lau kh, cn li thy khi lng cy inh khng i. Gi tr a l:
A. 12 g
B. 32 g
C. 51,2 g
D. 64 g
68. Tin hnh in phn 150ml dung dch CuSO 4 1M vi hai in cc tr, sau mt thi gian, khi ngng in phn thy
khi lng dd gim 8 gam. S mol CuSO4 cn d sau phn ng l :
A. 0,05mol
B. 0,1 mol
C. 0,09 mol
D. 0,07 mol
69. in phn dd CuSO4 vi 2 in cc tr vi I= 9,65 A. Khi c hai in cc u c 1,12 lt kh thot ra (ktc) th ngng
in phn. Thi gian in phn l:
A. 500s
B. 1000s
C. 2000s
D. 2500s
70. in phn c mng ngn hai in cc tr 100ml dung dch hn hp CuSO 4 0,1 M v NaCl 0,1 M vi I = 0,5 A, sau
mt thi gian thu c dd c pH = 2( th tch dung dch khng i). Thi gian in phn l:
A. 193s
B. 1930s
C. 2123s
D. 1727s
71. in phn c mng ngn hai in cc tr 2 Lt dung dch cha 0,2 mol CuCl 2 v 0,4 mol BaCl2 n khi c dd c
pH= 13 th ngng in phn. Xem th tch dd khng i. Tnh th tch kh ln lt thot ra catot v anot?
A. 6,72 v 2,24 lt
B. 2,24 v 6,72 lt
C. 4,48 v 2,24 lt
D. 2,24 v 4,48 lt
72. in phn 200ml dd CuCl2 1M thu c 0,05 mol kh Clo. Ngm mt thanh st sch vo dd sau in phn, khi kt
thc ly thanh st ra. Khi lng thanh st tng gim bao nhiu gam?
A.tng 1,2 gam
B. gim 1,2 gam
C. tng 9,6 gam
D. gim 3,2gam
73. Tin hnh in phn c mng ngn, hai in cc tr 500ml dd hn hp HCl 0,02M v NaCl 0,2 M. Sau khi anot
thot ra 0,448 lt kh ( ktc) th ngng in phn. Gi s th tch dung dch khng i, pH ca dd sau in phn l:
A. 1,7
B. 1,22
C. 12,78
D. 12,3
74. Cho y mol kh CO2 hp th vo dung dch cha x mol Ca(OH)2. sau phn ng thu c kt ta th y c gi tr?
A. 0 < y < 2x
B. y = 1,5x
C. y = x
D. Tt c u ng
75. Dung dch A c cha NaOH 1M v Ca(OH) 2 0,01M. Sc 2,24(l) kh CO2 vo 400ml dung dch A thu c mt kt ta
c khi lng?
A. 3(g)
B. 2(g)
C. 1,5(g)
D. 0,4(g)
76. Sc V(l) kh CO2 (ktc) vo 2(l) dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,0225M to thnh 2,955(g) kt ta. Gi tr ca V l?
A. 0,336(l) hay 1,68(l)
B. 0,168(l) hay 0,84(l)
C.0,456(l) hay 1,68(l)
D. 0,336(l) hay2,68(l)
77. Mt dung dch cha a mol NaAlO2 tc dng vi mt dung dch cha b mol HCl. c kt ta th?
A. a = b
B. a < 4b
C. a = 2b
D.Tt c u ng
78. Mt dung dch cha b mol NaOH tc dng vi mt dung dch cha a mol AlCl 3. c kt ta cc i th?
A.b = a
B. b = 2a
C. b = 3a
D. b = 4a
79. Mt dung dch cha x mol NaAlO2 tc dng vi dung dch cha y mol HCl. Bit y nm trong khong 0,5x