TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 2

CHAPTER 3

CHAPTER 4

CHAPTER 5

CHAPTER 6

CHAPTER 7

CHAPTER 8

CHAPTER 9

Quadratics
Functions
Coordinate Geometry
Circular Measure
Trigonometry
Vectors
Series
Differentiation
Integration

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First edition 2015, by Emir Demirhan, Saif Asmi & Zubair Junjunia.
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CIE A LEVEL- MATHEMATICS [9709]

2.4 Finding Inverse

1. QUADRATICS

1.1 Completing the square

2.5 Relationship of Function & its Inverse

2

2 + ( + ) ( )
2
2
2
( + ) +
Where the vertex is (, )

i.

-intercept
-intercept
Vertex (turning point)

ii.
iii.

1.3 Discriminant
2 4
If 2 4 = 0, real and equal roots
If 2 4 < 0, no real roots
If 2 4 > 0, real and distinct roots

Solution:

First pull out constant, 4, from related terms:

4( 2 6) + 11
Use following formula to simplify the bracket only:
2
2
( ) ( )
2
2
4[( 3)2 32 ] + 11
4( 3)2 25

( )( ) < 0 < <

( )( ) > 0 < or >

Part (ii)

1.5 Solving Equations in Quadratic Form

To solve an equation in some form of quadratic
Substitute
E.g. 2 4 + 3 2 + 7, = 2 , 2 2 + 3 + 7

2. FUNCTIONS
Domain = values
&
Range = values
One-one functions: one -value gives one -value

2.1 Find Range

Complete the square or differentiate

Find min/max point
If min then, min
If max then, max

2.2 Composition of 2 Functions

E.g. () (())

2.3 Prove One-One Functions

One value substitutes to give one value

No indices

Question 10:

() = 4 2 24 + 11, for
() = 4 2 24 + 11, for 1
Express () in the form ( )2 + ,
hence state coordinates of the vertex of the
graph = ()
State the range of
Find an expression for 1 () and state its
domain

Part (i)

1.4 Quadratic Inequalities

The graph of the inverse of a function is the

reflection of a graph of the function in =

{W12-P11}

1.2 Sketching the Graph

Make the subject of formula

Observe given domain, 1.

Substitute highest value of
() = 4(1 3)2 25 = 9
Substitute next 3 whole numbers in domain:
= 0, 1, 2
() = 11, 23, 75
Thus they are increasing
() 9
Part (iii)

Let = (), make the subject

= 4( 3)2 25
+ 25
= ( 3)2
4
+ 25
=3+
4
Can be simplified more
1
= 3 + 25
2
Positive variant is not possible because 1 and
using positive variant would give values above 3
1
= 3 + 25
2
1
1 () = 3 + 25
2
Domain of 1 () = Range of () 9

Page 2 of 6

CIE A LEVEL- MATHEMATICS [9709]

3. COORDINATE GEOMETRY

Vector change from (1,3) to (3,9) is the vector

change from (3,9) to
Finding the vector change:
= 3 1 = 4
= 9 3 = 6
Thus
= 3 + 4 = 7 and = 9 + 6 = 15
= (7,15)

3.1 Length of a Line Segment

Length = (2 1 )2 + (2 1 )2

3.2 Gradient of a Line Segment

=

2 1
2 1

4. CIRCULAR MEASURE

3.3 Midpoint of a Line Segment

1 + 2 1 + 2
(
,
)
2
2

4.1 Radians
= 180 and 2 = 360

3.4 Equation of a Straight Line

= +
1 = ( 1 )

Radians to degrees:

4.2 Arc length

3.5 Special Gradients

Parallel lines: 1 = 2
Perpendicular lines: 1 2 = 1
The gradient at any point on a curve is the
gradient of the tangent to the curve at that point
The gradient of a the tangent at the vertex of a
curve is equal to zero stationary point

{Wxx-Pxx}

180
180

Degrees to radians:

4.3 Area of a Sector

1
= 2
2
{S11-P11}

Question 9:

Question 10:

Point is a reflection of point (1,3) in the line

3 + 2 = 33.
Find by calculation the coordinates of
Solution:

Find equation of line perpendicular to 3 + 2 = 33

intersecting point (1,3)
2
3 + 2 = 33 = 11 3
2
=
3
3
. 1 = 1 and so 1 = 2
Perpendicular general equation:
3
= +
2
Substitute known values
3
9
3 = 2 (1) + and so = 2
Final perpendicular equation:
2 = 3 + 9
Find point of intersection by equating two equations
2
3 + 9
11 =
3
2
13
13 =

3
= 3,
=9

Triangle is isosceles, = and is a

tangent to
i.
Find the total area of shaded region in terms
of and
ii.

When = 3 and = 6, find total perimeter of

shaded region in terms of 3 and

Part (i)

Solution:

Use trigonometric ratios to form the following:

= tan
Find the area of triangle :
tan 1 2
=
= tan
2
2
Use formula of sector to find area of :
1
= 2
2
Area of is :
1
1
1
= 2 tan 2 = 2 (tan )
2
2
2
Page 3 of 6

CIE A LEVEL- MATHEMATICS [9709]

Multiply final by 2 because is the same and
shaded is and
1
= 2 2 (tan ) = 2 (tan )
2

5.3 Tangent Curve

Part (ii)

Use trigonometric ratios to get the following:

6
cos ( ) =
3

= 12
Finding :
= = 12 6 = 6
Finding :

= 6 tan ( ) = 63
3
Finding arc :

5.4 When sin, cos and tan are positive

= 6 = 2
3
Perimeter of 1 side of the shaded region:
1 = 6 + 63 + 2
Perimeter of entire shaded region is just double:
2 1 = 12 + 123 + 4

5. TRIGONOMETRY
5.5 Identities
sin

tan cos

5.1 Sine Curve

sin2 + cos 2 1

6. VECTORS

Forms of vectors

( )

5.2 Cosine Curve

Page 4 of 6

+ +

Position vector: position relative to origin

Magnitude = 2 + 2

Unit vectors: vectors of magnitude 1 = ||

Dot product: ( + ). ( + ) = ( + )

cos = ||||

CIE A LEVEL- MATHEMATICS [9709]

{S03-P01}

Question 8:

Points , , , have position vectors 3 + 2, 2

2 + 5, 2 + 7, 2 + 10 + 7 respectively
i.
Use a scalar product to show that and
are perpendicular
ii.
Show that and are parallel and find
the ratio of length of to length of

7. SERIES
7.1 Binomial Theorem
( + ) = 0 + 1 1 + 2 2 2 +
+

Solution:
Part (i)

First find the vectors representing and :

=
= 3 + 2 (2 2 + 5)
1
= 1 2 + 3 = (2)
3
=
= 2 2 + 5 (2 + 7)
2
= 2 4 2 = (4)
2
Now use the dot product rule:
. = 0
1
2
(2) . (4)
3
2
= (1 2) + (2 4) + (3 2) = 0
Thus proving they are perpendicular since cos 90 = 0
Part (ii)

Find the vectors representing and :

=
2
= (4)
2
2
1
= ( 4 ) = 2 ( 2 )
2
1
=
= 2 + 10 + 7 (3 + 2)
5
1
= 5 + 10 + 5 = ( 10 ) = 5 ( 2 )
5
1
Direction vector shows that they are parallel
Calculate lengths of each:
|| = 2 ((1)2 + 22 + 12 ) = 26
|| = 5 ((1)2 + 22 + 12 ) = 56
||: || = 5: 2

( 1)( 2) ( ( 1))
!

7.2 Arithmetic Progression

= + ( 1)
1
= [2 + ( 1)]
2

7.3 Geometric Progression

= 1
=
{W05-P01}

(1 )
(1)

Question 6:

A small trading company made a profit of $250 000 in

the year 2000. The company considered two different
plans, plan and plan , for increasing its profits.
Under plan , the annual profit would increase each
year by 5% of its value in the preceding year. Under
plan , the annual profit would increase each year by
a constant amount $
i.
Find for plan , the profit for the year 2008
ii.
Find for plan , the total profit for the 10
years 2000 to 2009 inclusive
iii.
Find for plan the value of for which the
total profit for the 10 years 2000 to 2009
inclusive would be the same for plan
Solution:
Part (i)

Increases is exponential it is a geometric sequence:

2008 is the 9th term:
9 = 250000 1.0591 = 369000 (3s.f.)
Part (ii)

Use sum of geometric sequence formula:

250000(1 1.0510 )
10 =
= 3140000
1 1.05
Part (iii)

Plan B arithmetic; equate 3140000 with sum formula

1
3140000 = (10)(2(250000) + (10 1))
2
= 14300

Page 5 of 6

CIE A LEVEL- MATHEMATICS [9709]

8. DIFFERENTIATION

Part (ii)

Rate of increase in time can be written as:

We know the following:

4

= 0.02
3

Thus we can formulate an equation:

=

Rearranging the formula we get:

=

Substitute values into the formula

4
= 0.02

3
= 0.02 = 0.015

When = , = 1

1st Derivative = = ()

2nd Derivative = 2 = ()

Increasing function: > 0

Decreasing function: < 0

Stationary point: = 0

8.1 Chain Rule

=

8.2 Nature of Stationary Point

Find second derivative

Substitute -value of stationary point
If value +ve min. point
If value ve max. point

9. INTEGRATION
=

8.3 Connected Rates of Change

( + ) =

{W05-P01}

Question 6:

The equation of a curve is given by the formula:

6
=
5 2
i.
Calculate the gradient of the curve at the
point where = 1
ii.
A point with coordinates (, ) moves along a
curve in such a way that the rate of increase of
has a constant value of 0.02 units per
second. Find the rate of increase of when
=1
Solution:

Part (i)

+1
+
+1

( + )+1
+
( + 1)

Definite integrals: substitute coordinates and find c

9.1 To Find Area

Integrate curve
Substitute boundaries of
Subtract one from another (ignore c)

9.2 To Find Volume

Differentiate given equation

6(5 2)1

= 6(5 2)2 2 1

= 12(5 2)2
Now we substitute the given value:

2
= 12(5 2(1))

4
=
3
4
Thus the gradient is equal to at this point

Square the function

Integrate and substitute
Multiply by

Page 6 of 6