BEER EE, PERE ER RERBR EERE GS 1 | On the Primacy of Politics in Development ADRIAN LEETWICH Denese, ol epecily demotion one gsi othe snore eno, ot ade snd wee ah, i Main st tianton~ yf ites al, pg arg hie say aro Si | say ‘beng trough to bear on regan te change dor sie4A bet Reh ocign Serene eed In 1990 pacer ‘Pepa tht nfs emard democrec ponerse todo role se oi ee ner sonal wd See ‘ST represion and soe of human tps (ld, 1390. 4 em ine bpd Wee pore ou by ey ientorldevelopmen gece, etl ounatns and teal grospna Tie ie he Eo ‘Gktmunits, the Common the Organist ot Ezoobec Sree erelyperat nde Ossie of Aican Un fitch 1393 ei [08 Pan, 19958) They a appa ied ie eer democracy «toad hg, And mee SSS OSS SE Lips sbearaan i 960 tha emocracy ‘SSoteataecven primis mem though whch dierent roupt the Cincy of Pie n Deepest 5 loca abou he catra tony (ndthedeate as gn Sar a a i Sa os aly fe cond Yara oe? Ra doe an i EK arte a at oar coma growth Tieden te tr cll wallet en ‘et men nth we of the cra conc oli nk ce Pa ae ay pts pot ate see of dep ‘Eider andy a the same tne, shows cat the susiton of develop ‘intr atthe Beato pai sc Theme tr onal ot th deeny™-drapmea suatip dene aye sadn teal tee il omen, fom South Rist Sout Rees som Ce (Sina Sina cna for teh con repens SSS Selec ed tee ber ReigamT acca ea neaitted | eke cal acres e tr areca Getinoras Creat fant Maha pay Weal | Stan Pela ene lans Secs setin'e le} Yo Ad whe te Nols corey See Secale hesitate |S et cans Weare eo Ith oe rane Spee pig cette Seg ie cote | RECEie eete Brrasonber ic emdretd ot Oi eregebeetireeanime | Seal argc en occas Spm occruagauceVenmemcicest | qcmmscteie nie hae at eee ae cya si eu Aw 4 er ody perl Ws > | Sicsel oer and wh hey cl “Sch yreengcay-commecr GEMOCHAy To the question of devel ‘tel chaps of tis ook sal yf pul get theende Sparen anny. wy nw cael i acate | yl ep ees ohh eu fen eh eee Te ol sekedony, outa ucconury cosdioon of development | reel purpoes tree impatam urtnes Somers ane a Soo, Chater, TL Comey to sme af he re bt sor Sole alanis Gqden 19s; thngony | Why Baste contmporey precaputon with deca po ical sod eh pte aa Ti Sethe the el ew cou he dog {itn snes of Wop anne sigan tame ie rca wo ae | 2 We Ges Soar govern argo demersy.| 3 And’ he quero agence tt he form of oer Saeko epee er Sey Saunt did uN Poel ete oreeoNT mnt, realy the tight question to focus on when sidering "ERO Te ered and wwtiued a alow ay a fe ee ‘prep pl fag ons he ed Bpinitdecepmralncenslanicy chicka | Ripmate a aepian Sento, oleae nd ete abana it FE ae ep itn nda je, ce new gd ek Bele Se ae ee et | so mike impel fone The Sly sar Nee a ate aE the andi Satan iced eee co bt daa tal cera cat rf tte Sl wc op (political ratelage, was required before the institutions and processes | Fritsch we ae, ie: U3 barn 188 In ae hn ution wil sg i thle tether, wa mater fy ed ren ate em of penn gine pe a ‘wheter it is democratic or met ~but the type of te. The dine “ae andaental Crore, a cold hare aegis ee i hacer om Eine sare wrpecine St wher es deoct oe nee Ahr sada paces teeta f pes sn ie {cl deepen a nr a denen on Sos6 A Latch Sepa ln ee en arama atc et ie dona ine ere pee a is cate eer ery cd spiel Sena cet wae Some Ci eigen he, oe able ones jem "he (rote of tree af ince ng Sarge i Sey Bae ha i ss al ei Elion meatal aera “coed tan all the atts of comes oo “edn hahaa aad a a, heen cine ee hon fs ul Nees he ag Srtise me re ae ey lees ee Tt om ts deanna rere rer ft pl a saa Sais he See sereets secpleamey ute Gt SE Saree satiate arnegtea ee za a Sense Ha a et ees (eect ihe te otha oreared nats of he aise i thee a el aod ih about change ad dlp aan hie othe amen erty fo modern eee he ae le "hea sty focal Sacred mcs te acl tele mock (Clg fact how widesopog so es thet wee epee aude dae rome caters ara cave coo Sno MODERNIZATION THEORY AND DEMOCRACY. As inlet, the bebe hat deocrcy shoul, coull and ald spread at a hen the no ache et ia etapa kang ng form ot aneher ie war presen inthe broad these of ecole te Panay of Pts bx Deipment 7 ry hei of odin anti weg ener SED is ht aces fd pigs of aman aie evey fete nl en Sea Span pe a ire tvtied hit tom an denote te dooce eo enn fra ay of oct espe len me pa a ie Sone pW ge en ‘irene aS al dete ee fey cee 90% 15h Ie sof ea elope he maven SieTiay Sant Maa vd yc La Harta Sl ltl ‘vicar of progrnm sole? (Maine, 1908 131) or the Seip ei rn Ti ie 0, eed Showght ecoe of mania am any a sel bra te exon al ela hi eet feel See let ie voc ne pciomatal fin whch ‘anal Sa Fedmined (rene SA Date 1S iis al ec, eer endo yo de so ‘Sa fs of earey(Didden 8) To eee are Ere et Wen ef ih, So ie pa utr ert ky $B tole oe ee teh eee pty dpb ieee deo ‘est tad ten hy penne sent Inthe modem stacy, nich ha eced he eee Samos drop fit ey Beta ir he th ey od sae soreplon te Gen tere dad Sd Sant ‘SEE an ons ny es we ed Fe eh Mr ur my HS fe mo sc of eh on Ee a chat se py cep ya Soy ge meee ea i ae ‘ipo ep io send Belinea hacky EeneT arte Coens slat pated els© A Lefuc Meroe mgr gH 2 ca 80 ies cen Pr ae cre Peete karerreea rae eee felled be See py be Seren cris einadfepae bey Iimiations, bourgeois democracy might nonetheless be wad by Seo moi aceetne coer eran SESE een adr enn a ta Bee ao a er fia an el eae oe Tha eae sp ry al tlt fal Eee rales Sata Seteambrs tat eae reel lode dentine Se ie ene be Paces ag Scieuiee ect tral ach eS See sera oe “Both bourgeois and trae democracy thas presupposed advanced cnmaaerb eras eae a ea aa ot aay cera SCOgGaTan pt apenas gare Lagi eg Dida a ea eee emlar ey amate pep pene ear Jee ay ae ae Hoel get ate op, PBI nent nod den tte pertinence ec Pie i aiery aphiee uepir aes tae i ur le tera ce iA Ma et eens es, Sirah tie wad eine iar Se ces ot eg al eel bee Saranac cry cata bac opcine Herat ae poco nthe Pinay of Pls» Deseapnt 9 ony Th com hat mate develope intl oly oes ‘eth deol ea oo fete (Mn 876) ‘Wiehe of demain mth apc the ast of he setton sel ofthe 19008 Er oa ee talon tine encoder 494 et Into th je of change toward SN Een itt deed dentate hp chan en on of a oan ad cis oon he svenane clara te ec ce tale teen ere Een coe nd ‘ike conc bean, 16617 Folica, Hestad pn modern scien ae “in we sere Gi icra Si, i al al Endl bce 2 Sneqvect of| poy ‘change i the eo ‘2d conto of tala ues tad ben sre by the eee {nd ped of deo opel power and the equate ao ‘beet of steal eve eg covers syras, NW Gevber ide actual ile fe be cos pe {iol chan rset gece one vig be moze pcr conooe and sol secures ofa sce) Rie Pineda inne el) For Dard hye, Serf et Tomi a of moet ee ete cs Bal oe to the cl the ner model, Jeoctate pli, pouappotd axe BLE prionulnn fee ine ‘hi he Wer be ase rom Aso Taner tho, utbaneton an tugeracrngaton snd which te fede "valine went cetry, sone Ween Maras Inthe cal no fe sch al Br 957, Stren (1580 ne Cava Kitching 1383) ao ive need by ‘he eration (yen 1985), ge deeoped these nec thoes nd ate spd ten exch rth developing worl. As ‘ting ny bed tery po txts oy Per the Ses hes nce nese re enn ikroaghindusralisuoe ~'tan pronde the Paton on which dem egos nes cab enn etTagine opener eee ce Bar ted cams weenie nae ye od ei Ltn Arno eb ase ae rere ok Seer Toa ane ad ee elt eee ee Give mt ny oa Bee SG Scorer mt tr Nt a (eats Celta cans Bie copes (rea he Oe ob at ect ‘Src italy bods ine oe Oot Ee | Belial ie or alas tread They ny iS en a tt Spe Sect ep mach ee ri Hasan S80? Ween [ieee Rip nse Maoh mara ese Se Esha er igi wg ett et ites in i08 waso Eelou 1 Saader 9 Spee HO Ser pcm Tae 0 ea ee eon Foor co sl he Raps Setar OHS SEE ose, ota oe Bf "how homme ec el inp sh cr ea re Se ere as fe eget ea Seen ‘oar’ ues sot oy ropes wie ee ee nw ec Each Eee it 2 Se ne ae ele |e dimly is at wr cxploced the eelationship between capitan developmoeat and ‘Sao i lg stg Sone a ‘entange fo demecateston ly sienna he ores he ote mtd on promo done ye Sine ds ges ta cape saeco Tee {ainne fe Ste sad pow of the mocking as or Ne ‘ox id dite thee and owes i Sede Seite hee i eas Se Cael arden age gromoen ‘iach fetter modarenige est, wih sea sony at dust sampuons far be oe eae elon kei my ie pe (on 97 tone 5h Te owen to en oe dening oud ages Sat prone hae nt ei ‘ati th oderaton tts ad ight Boe {© coauibtey way of explana. at saad ee uplame he coaran which he new ono eae eee Gry ec oon ly The te pot for doing the vce ac amd ONGINS OF CONTEMPORARY ALAS FoR DEMOCRATIC coveRvancs. lobed er ra wr ds ‘ets he We he lng muted ot eee OS remo eoctey tad hemes eat Eco race bac ars os le ‘Ts So ier Green fale WT ed saan tle rhea 95558 Pat ithe ey isaac aes cee ne pra tose Shr ees sd ‘1a poli aod wan gn tn dee ee me Legitimcing condtonality ath cay yas ate ei x of 1973, conn pomes ‘8 much of ie developing wok ha bee 1 FOB AAT Fea carat com rs at nd, geod, ia many cave, nsgative Overall between 1963 and 198, ata aul eof owt of CNP pr as wat {oy Ries ctr, nd ale Jn ola Te ore (Wedd Bony 1998 leyger dooms nen ep sty Ed ER ae a Sele ele he geile ol at ea iin Set Sa SN Re wr rae ae tose el le dt nha So Beenie dee ce {SiG SEE Sia wre tacts alee tint vnctra! ater tng a cate se, ee etn. = "Secu ate se fa wed dee ashe of rote ad uel ears wich nt ‘laa ar gh oan mea ree at Sete on et iio Esra cons o Slo, Low eee an eke ete tp lt ee nl ey | sine pte te reaa oe (See fier ene sae, eee ef har to cpp nuoraa tor pupa ee tan et essen ag Enel nie grey iene Ses Sect elgg sa es roe een Sse tee long been prof he amour of ie teraboneartion, rel te eta eh Kost ace artis SoC tes Seal cae ‘elie ossadlonay inte aa a evan lo oe cb Cakes 984 3 bee ‘poet span ol hl eal ee Soe a a Seeereeen Cero, (ore io ale lve et conten would bare le ooken oy oe Sioned it eg i enya ae {wel adjust pce demotratc scumbag teupsshe ‘Sa pois come fo beset tis cca meee Ben [Neo-conservatve hegemony Tousen sara ‘Sea! ittm deelopnet ding hac teeetel hep Hiei Sareea anatase ae feet il ie es mia cls aida ops aca "e ecaerton' tal egn: fame in eto op and de ste I mona aes {vel apn (Gen, 1986; Leloe, 1993 8 SRE ne aba ESS ecto, petiona foams a ere es pony Nat er eat also has» Fal TU pow one Sea se In concera lek an = See th de seed pia ‘ay ae er ser Sa tae fe Se etsy pice Tivo ce treinn ud WN loge a hat Bots poor card came pal su tllver ts sementpopomnes hn hes beet ea ssp nS a ahora rele Sk Itotemen secon fd sock fue, 18H; Cal 1980) They thes toe tht fol! bran ti desea rh sr leg er se ea Doc eopiateaae gee rca a eg my fn iio et r ey no see bie es nd ie ‘th Pita bce lena fe saping tees sn adv (Fereglersel pec mow tc coma nthe 190 The collipse of comonaniens Ti ole of Eaten Eopens commun sepime oe ate 13 strane by the See af gay of cal Maa ten ie dog ety a he nd he ‘ue lature pel ts wf i en titel two ta nd ave Sod Word Wie fee eco 192/Tawtbom ad Seagate ve Benepueuu nw 2 @ wo ese oe oe = ee eK‘otal ad pom, pala cacon coud tha be mpd ot ‘espe of i wou ear of hn clan ale oe et abe tine te em te Snecma OP oma el ae eonftned aera ee ee pelt cctaren prevent coca ehaage be he on tue poles diy promoted corpo, einem sons alae i a 1 emeion wa she esse ero eon sd lela srs on ataneacmbsimereaat ae Soir erat eeieer tahoe Spee eerie ‘Placalism and marker economics” [EBRD, 1991: atte I. The impact of the pro-democracy movements Kew, aa muon he moments rel crs a A (0338°36) hough sea sewed ike pee At Senda oe nace ea Wooden Pemociteon Aaa ea allen Ch sot hte a ‘or Campi = bas adoced nthe Paina Su kaa Yan Haneda tren to rome ena Nope ee 7 Mh one cit be op {Bypeed rou teat demas esol ae nero ct ech ad ye oe eas ad pil cage a hese ae icfostn tle real a he cana ena te, h ereetdetonme (atl an Geer Uae i bh sere {ee has aot nol ben comsequence Sf hese oe, corer sou the pact of Sooper I Sic hag cried aon ni pole cr toy (ate 98h Hac 85} Sela ewe Senecio cpa ‘Sc than n pote sles Hers erg Sitesi ie ho ene he leno deropment one se ‘ion STS Sek anor bea ce 1c ombiatin f lee pola reso, Frente now ed tes nny con ‘cena sh adap SSS cel bret byl tn a ola nies eet tht ae rel vo adams ean sci wan Hine tna rand Good govemance'at sound ‘development managennt™ ‘hig somewat tao adnan, om pot joretanceectel pny we 1 sation of al pont fof (19830) Thelma acts en ees ‘ltl Be fo econo ed cpa Seine eeeme nace: conseqerme, scat 0 one of ie ‘lia, 1530 ch e988) foal ‘topside the ak des es peel ot Soo ea tu tliesin fr weck (Coste 1991 8h cbt etd flea oot cee Be oho npc the peo ed ‘euecant ale spparse bee topped the Teak eh ne ao of pol setopm fs tee See naa ial oe ee reper alr hay ‘Botte eee of gels en daar ol ler decir 1999), voce ne mp eat ot ote Se, 199845) el fed oy {rita sdnanatne sed marapal 2 tpl ot) ine tet, hater, weld conto ot a ‘sae oper 12 fd govenagce ie this hed dina Si oa nto Hat gl taemok oe evap sed pee of oe Cre ea lpn ins atin wicks open tats td state.Sehr cy, aby and ray owt Serle on he ing eae od roy ‘ee stag Bape he oral pail wane a fea pe te i ee en ed ‘Shoes wh ks empha gfe akon kee ‘li ta ple eminence tt bla ee Strom ia ead Young 99) Good govemance as democratic governance 1 sone rae at a he som fasten ol ges Wed prema aah tr of Ete pono del ny wee [foray gma Caer ora Ne pres mle i ak Seip ee a ‘wc won fad nape aes ta seem Sac i ep eet ire lc llores cheng pv Sper pt Me and Seteoecen of amin gene aah ee "esbould be cleat te, that thi broader notion of god gov fete which combies admire cempence, peat county with democrat pins ck cake Simp # new tecnica anewes to the dict problems of des mer bs olin one Forte barcy wmlpel arcsec oe ee tel pli, ecner and Ac ey eek ee od govennce ee ting ae a tO ea Serge tcl concen inde a Se eal "ar why gullet sch ape Whe cl pes e sine eed govennc, nie a mow tdi sees frat lowe, Rcd Star cap ths vlan etre nem bboy cfs pole ee Ti bt en an honr, op an ecanne an wk In cs", fr om et itt wea eve must be ee or lope tha ts {pon ad grenoce Aas oa the cn os er) rotcion of bunch CEG (pst awe ie ot try ford Whe fic ps ise Fes alae) most be prefered to theremin 2 nnn? Fn the pans il wot of Lane ad co be Shae tows ieee cara pose rons be "Siar uve bre ele 60 the ctitn or desaiey sf doer ee on med Yom. What fe the ad arts fie cet eipeony ‘shining fo a tat denen can vongiow be mee fe lop fe ut ao hat wll war os uae se ott io prom promt Newt iat heh of Wane specie oh ell ton de te per ‘rr aot meng Tht can inp be ba to eed fe Seren Ween porns td won 6 nt ‘repeats which Gan be tveed inte any set ty ose ie Eeiopmen ike spot! or alte Oe the conta both pos goveancs aud detocracy depend coal te chen Sel gp fie ste ey ey nae dat oo tect Geocache tion ‘tp sere ee ‘Srey Inpve nay wil iid ete ad etn {nie maapral sone o table Sone th eel ol fe sleve nated econo denopent = soc Ie HE Zak Mane Sf oe on Te ‘Intnl deeerey or he proes we know ae ptes eh ‘Sind ieee ae pcre coer ‘ind agotinion ated in thew, pods saddaoionA, Lefich 1c rca fo sen ia depen cn ig ea ec f the en lies fhe e196 ad tt grit it cent doen cats bef acon, Grn ree th ped to al lp et Scene | chen ee Any ra Se perenne ol penn mma meme amy cou ny tar ea ence hy a arin ‘oe ann inthe devliag we they ave sgender cae ing able poll a Siac ee ra tet arse Geeoatee Ronomy. Canny Enis ce eR ae Eee te ‘product of paraculer Ean of polis ad cam ‘Spal eles of the pve Sov in Ma ‘oti yn Sater is temote an prot fen i ec ate ap Soy ares a poche oe apy os ft Exp specs ae eras ti Soars tien soars = Severna legus"or wore cpuncrir es fy marty toe ner Sree a ney taal ei ie eet oie Ppl el Pe ih ey ke PES stg nA he eerie mice tommercsrmge fats tyd oan incest ice Seismic hiya iaamaie BP Sete shag fare em eaten Ur eg eee oe ped mi i cles rca at sirne meeterasetaee cee nie nor re Stan fe ae ea re Sacer eri ca ene irae eek aati Reeser mays, Bp fatiadeet ape mob pom Ure Sere at aan ses Sed al ct a a. epmertieentinrs anaes Bile wifar nisi gech eit pecesee iment Report tray Bf Regd ce yn co Keyser i ogre ere ans Pc Na Sey Soar Sidecar atime 9 Bat Tatar an 2 ais soe os SESS fol Seri baie Tn Ce ae rary PL Rogeelgdsdue osm dept vader be primacy of politics and tbe ch -of the stare that ieee ey) good wove a fer mrglmd Se ay mn yeti SS Hee cinco sie #cepomla lero aclency ma - EPG peruse ft Yr nero Ele iragtimtegucarsertecmiaces pmcreaain gue ced ut ctu a ta tes ale ae ee eed Nite cf ih tes areca tcme, fF Socata py ane make ae een tac sen rat emp | SE Sit these yr ak Serie iis as dieser as Jute 408 Zane, ota Venere ot EY doce te en tone pero develope aod dere: ime ee eat “gui se ss hcg dence ee ‘Man of he chapers whi ellow ene ths nes che sae an tac a ow any Sucesa reopen seca em in deco wlio ds | Grn rc etre GSohemretlartaenafealtercwmme Struct rat legac, | isi arte egret nk e er ced al ORES Se oa fedowwcoe SMS Nat ot SSRs nas vem a, |the Primacy of Polis Development 24 0A Latch the eatin atnomy ofthe tei oth deat ad Eee din tind cane id een commas ewes ough te ages soe he abc a epee neo sing thee iy 1 Sishaton of ou end oc pan fat ae expenons cy the peal putony ef eropenton Coat nd arson fee pcon and dbo of feos ies, Tht delney degen ote ste sad char ‘romped coe hl thn stn 25, Ee een He ech esp nr vee LE? erated a lg Be he el feo lhl eo pons the pm ie or developmen whee droecud er aot And wat Hn of polis ete gr Se fe ten ea re ee og and ng chapters ‘oe quo what Kind of ois aks ech of he — at Ecc god pa aldo por Mae {element ier? And, im any even, what blogs och pole “Tce arene he core geion which al stand f mod see antes at a it ‘Tag emia goed questions And the ory of Seen woes Pec eee ieteiaetaone seers rneaielr et Siena irre scaas Sovauaneaenenens ‘eile ty niet ey enone of eee Siete owen Rios eoe = 1am gral my clea Ne Retin att db ons on ths ape Rayon fon, Remsen ‘hep of pie i drt soul oi ten toe, wee seas ad Tesi ings obo gover i igionns to re, pial proces hic fy en fe Being an, erly esta en He tea ‘on acest rl ely to wand for log the dee ‘see tea of te Sayan he macho he kool of ele thea nt Cag for decopmens i the ngage iret wk feel ean ee ed Pinca od cmp Bro ort i cs ite egal ag etegoay psn Saad SG Meae the pom futaned scone develope hich cn Wit lg ‘wt euler fod soppy hot fade anda ready pecay tad gly fife il to. Une ad unr te {Ble cy at deve nd a's ec a ‘San of ti nero of devlopmen ot eB ot ot ‘ete erertin oe mere "Te quston, bewor aot what ison! arguments sd poten Sef ged vena an cosy oer i i ee oe oe Ag 9 Rain Ain Demy. of De, 2 ‘6.65 Trl of Herron Chg: Uno An IB Son tT of Klar. a agg es eg tn of Gr Now Ys Meni -—- a nu BRE @Te a an nae eee ee ihe Py als Dent 33 2A Lech ty 198: Mh md Sane i Tpit Ate Bey ier “i eh ce Sta psi, Fi Goer, el Sse aad Engen a igh CT co come xe cy ASE han adc Lene, CRS Aetna ee cE ete ont Dati, Ab ye siesta coeaen eh Bek ae Ae sow the REE a tne et Sey trenann raw nc tan Bn vss te cee Mock Third Word Ouarey Te GOSS Ee enna ee shoe ae 31 Pal Mon Ll igs ee al Eire ‘dons Ye ie Tae aot is man ig Eran dr Kean id at bc tose Nee Wa ere Fly Seine Sen acer, ‘Ginieh EMD 196 ea Re, cow: Hares a Ptah NS ca ET ae wn we Mak i ete cr Me on “lcd rt C09, Nan. Oso Ota MELE ttre ee ay ey gig The Sty of Modenision and Davromene issn ee Wi cel de Pn enn ‘Undontandng Pla ercopes Wse aks Gerding eterna; Cpa lh Ps Ra eae a tag PAL et Wow tet og fem in ie jose ite 1 nytt gt mmm a wie ru peatimet tricone os Se et anata tic esl. Journ pment Sidi, 8,49, OM iB eld ete sa Reg Dre rn et ts Cpe fod Boi ae aa ada ATP rd fet eS Wet, Pron, ‘ems athe, S988 Rehan Sod one Mae