Bi tp chng 3.

Phonon v dao ng mng

Bi 1. Xt sng ngang truyn trong mng 1 loi nguyn t (khi lng M), khong cch a, v
hng s tng tc gia cc nguyn t gn nht C ( cng).

(a) Chng minh, tng nng lng ca sng bng

Ly tng trn tt c cc nguyn t.

(b) Chng t rng nng lng tng trung bnh (theo thi gian) tnh cho 1 nguyn t bng

(s dng phng trnh tn sc)

Bi 2. Cho tinh th mt chiu gm cc nguyn t cng loi, khong cch gia 2 nguyn t gn
nhau nht l a 3.1010 m . Vn tc sng m truyn trong tinh th v 0 3.10 3 m/s. Tm gi tr ca
tn s ngng max .
Bi 3. Cho tinh th mt chiu, mi c s gm 2 nguyn t cng khi lng ( M1 M 2 M ),
cch nhau mt khong a 2,5.1010 m . Vn tc sng m truyn trong tinh th v 0 103 m / s .
Tnh cc gi tr tn s ti k=0 v ti k

2a

ca nhnh m v nhnh quang.

Bi 4. Xc nh v v ph dao ng ca mng tinh th mt chiu, c hng s mng a, c gc

gm hai nguyn t ging nhau, cng c khi lng M. Khong cch cn bng ca hai nguyn t
trong gc l < a/2. Hng s lc cho cc nguyn t ca cng gc l c1, cho mt nguyn t ca
gc vi mt nguyn t gn n nht gc ngay bn cnh l c2.
Bi 5 (bi 2-Kittel). Phng trnh sng trong mi trng lin tc. Chng t rng, phng trnh

d 2uS
C( u s1 u s1 2u s ) c th rt gn thnh dng phng trnh sng n
dt 2
hi trong mi trng lin tc nh sau:
chuyn ng M

2
d 2u
2 d u

v
dt 2
dx 2

vi v l vn tc sng m.
Bi 6. (bi 3-Kittel). Mng tinh th 2 chiu: tnh t l bin U/V ng vi 2 nhnh dao ng
khc nhau ti K=/a. T ch ra rng, ti bin vng Brilouin , hai mng (ca 2 loi nguyn
t) act as if decoupled (tch): mt mng ng yn v mt mng dao ng.

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