chapter 1: Comp (ex Numbers a Hierarchy of number ay chem 5 Cannot solve IN = fo, WG ey ’ Nadua) numbers Gel a afr Wer UP 7 Ielegers Cannot Solve aa=F Q ap | a,begd, b4op Racione(s Cannot sdve 2 ed 7 { yatiow}s and iwvachonals } Real Cayo solve (hue (2 ,e, To )? numbers ane Cz £ Complex numbers \ Can Solve all d the Aoove ! NEZeQCRCE Dense me soution at e0 gi (sheds fr “ogineg” a eel or i = | For avg negative real number ; define: feadefinition : The set € "complex numbers” C-{as bir: aperR " denote 2 = ax bor, then 2-arb EC, GbER anene O= Rez) = reat pact of 2 b= Im (2) = imaginary pact of 2 Example beo, then 22-4 EIR (a tsa veal number) A&=0 thin 2= bi EC (Caiwd purely imaginary ) Remark > Rear numbers foram “the real number Line (or a's); Complux Aumbers form the Complex “Plane” ;Aigebe € Complex Numbers (Sechon 12) @ + equality: atbis cydi dey acc and bad; - Addition + (Ae bi) + (eadi) = (ate) + (bad)t - Muttiphication: (a4 bi VC Cad ) =(ac-bd)4(ad abe )e (exercise ) ssubtiaclion + (ari)-(e+di) = (ac) 4+ Oo-4) ¢ - WeHdtiNeS > —(a4bi)=-a—i Remark « € Satshies all the usual anitkmetical Properties ot IR. except @ las no “good” order, 2-4. "2 yo" makes no sense in General -Deyi'sion | (Via "sack onaliaing she denominator” ) Fist, 3 5 ano 22 = (a+b abi) 24° abi sabi 4(bi)( bi) = 07 | . ath. jaP (Here, Za —bi denotes the ‘complex conjugate -2-asby and 12} = | 024 b? denotes the absoucte value’, of Mmodulns” af 2) Wo, Consider Aeso Complex numbers : Z@-ath, € C eC 2. and the question iste find 2e\x V elt | Ss > S es _ 1 i = (a+b )CC-d) ~ (acrba) + (be~adye 2 Cad ana? ac+bd be-ad Sera a (a Complex number! ) Ord Coed ExomPl2 | 2. 243i, wa-3-t 2 1249 a oeat (2431) (-341 ) Ww === 6 sees oe -3-t ~ Sat 2 2 (E35 (EN) ; aaa 2 = Tote -A +3t 4-90 44; 10 lo 0 (0 Some Other Propeches Complex Numbers suppose Ba C,a€R EEE nie. L.2. 7) 2.2 f2eRr Zz 2 2 dat® _ a . = 8) 2-2 ff gis Purely imaginary on i Qai€R Liz) 2 3) az = az 9) 2) =|2| 4) 2p <= 20 Weal = [zp] i) (a) 5 df 2) 21a BD -% | > a 6)(2) = 2 '5) lesol 12] +1] ( Triangle inequalitd ‘)