( UCSI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY & BUILT ENVIRONMENT FINAL EXAMINATION Student ID (in Figures) | Student ID (in Words) Subject Code & Name : EV 201 Fluid Mechanics Semester : Jan — April 2013 Lecturer : Ms, Aini Salwa Hasan Nudin Duration :3 Hours INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE! ‘SIX (6) questions set. Attempt any FIVE (5) questions. (Total 100 marks) This question paper consists of 7 pages, exeluding the cover page. Answers to the questions are to be written in the answer booklet. Candidates are not allowed to bring into the Examination Hall textbooks, lecture notes, files or any unauthorized materials exept writing equipment and scientific calculator, Electronic dictionaries are strictly | prohibited. This question paper must be submitted along with all used and/or unused rough papers and/or graph papers (if any), Candidates are NOT allowed to take any examination materials out of the examination hall Warning: The University Examination Board of UCSI University regards cheating as a most serious offence and will not hesitate to mete out the appropriate punitive actions according to the severity of the offence committed, and in accordance with the clauses stipulated in the Students’ Handbook, up to and including expulsion from UCSI University,1(a) A double inverted U-tube manometer contains oil (SG = 0.8), mercury (SG = 13.6) and water (SG = 1.0). One end of this manometer is connected to pipe B where gas is flowing. The other end is connected to pipe A where gasoline is flowing. There exist a large pressure difference between gas flowing in pipe B and gasoline flowing in pipe ‘A due to which the level of the manometer liquids attain different heights as shown in Figure Qi(a). Calculate (Px — Pg) for the different pressure attained in different manometer, y= 40 em, f= 60 em, f= 100 em, hig = 30 0m, fs = 80 om, (14 marks) Oil, SG=0.8 Gasoline, SG=0.75 Mercury, Water, SG=13.6 SG=1.0 Figure Ql(a) (0) A steel ball can float on water due to surface tension effect, as shown in Figure Q1(b). The surface tension of water is 0, = 0.073 N/m and the contact angle is taken to be 0°. Taking the density of steel to be 7800 ky/m’, determine the maximum diameter of a steel ball that float on the water. (6 marks) Figure QI (b) Final Jan-Apr 2013 Page 1 of7 EV201Fluid Mechanics2 (a) () © 3@) ) ‘The flow of water from a reservoir is controlled by 200 kg, 5 m width rectangular plate as shown in Figure Q2(a). It is hinged at point B and its lower edge touches the floor at point A making angle of 45° with the horizontal. The gate is to be opened from its lower edge by applying a normal force F at its center. Determine: The hydrostatic force acting on the gate, (7 marks) The location of the center of pressure, and (8 marks) ‘The minimum force to open the gate (neglect the weight of water gate) (5 marks) Figure Q2 (a) Newton’s second law of motion is not just for linear bodies, but it also can be applied to rotating bodies. What can be said about the angular velocity and angular momentum of a rotating non-rigid body of constant mass if the net torque acting on it is zero? (4-marks) Water is pumped from a lower reservoir to upper reservoir by a pump that provides 50 KW of useful mechanical power to the water. The free surface of upper reservoir is 25 m higher than the surface of lower reservoir as shown in Figure Q3(a). If flow rate of water is measured to be 0.03 m’/s, determine the loss of mechanical power during this process and the irreversible head loss of a system, Assume that the flow is steady, incompressible and the elevation difference between the reservoirs is constant, Take the density of water p = 1000 ke/m’*, (S marks) Final Jan-Apr 2013 Page 2 of 7 EV201Fluid Mechanics© Figure Q3(a) The impeller of a centrifugal blower has a radius of 20 cm, and a blade width of 6.5 cm at the inlet, a radius of 30 cm and a blade width of 3.2 cm at the outlet as shown in Figure Q3(b). The blower delivers atmospheric air at 20°C and 95 kPa. Consider the flow is steady, disregard any irreversible losses and assume thet the tangential components of air velocity at the inlet and the outlet to be equal to the impeller velocity at respective locations. Take the gas constant of air R= 0.287 kPam’/ke-K. (i) Estimate the volumetric flow rate of air when the rotational speed of the shaft is 900 rpm and the power consumption of the blower is 120 W, (4 marks) ') Determine the normal components of velocity at the inlet and outlet of the impeller. (4 marks) i) In the above problem, if the imeversible losses are taken into consideration, give comments on the flow rate and the normal components of velocities of air whether there will be any changes. (3 marks) bi Blade b Impeller shroud Shaft pelle ogion Figure Q3(b) Final Jan-Apr 2013 Page 3 of? EV201Fluid Mechanics4Q) ) 5(a) What will be the momentum of the body if the net force aoting on it is zero? G marks) A reducing elbow , as shown in Figure Q4(a), is used to deflect water flow at a rate of 30 kg/s in a horizontal pipe upward by angle @ = 45° from the flow direction while accelerating it, The elbow discharge water into the atmosphere. The diameter of the elbow is 14 cmat the inlet and 6 cm at the exit. The elevation difference between the centers of the exit and the inlet is 60 cm. The mass of the elbow and the water in it is 50 kg, Take the momentum-flux correction factor (fis 1.03 at both inlet and outlet. (i) Determine the water velocity at the inlet and outlet of the reducing elbow in nie (5 marks) Gi) Caloulate the gage pressure at the center of the inlet of the reducing elbow, in fa (4 marks) Gii) Determine the anchoring force needed to hold the reducing elbow in place. (8 marks) Figure Q4(a) Oil flows in pipe Figure Q5(a)) which contracts from 450 mm diameter at point A to 300 mm at point B then splits into branchs of diameters 150 mm and 225 mm discharging at C and D respectively. Taking the density of oil p = 800 kg/mm’ If the velocity at A is 1.8 m/s and the velocity at D is 3,6 m/s, determine: (The flow rates at point A, B, C, and D (10 marks) (ii) The velocities at point B and C (4 marks) Final Jan-Apr 2013 Page 4 of 7 EV201 Fluid Mechanics(b) (a) () ©) If point A is 10 m higher than B and the pressure at A is 10 KN/m?, what is the pressure at point B? (6 marks) Figure Q5(a) List down three (3) important criteria each for laminar, translational and turbulent flow of an incompressible fluid flowing in a pipe. (9 marks) Define each of the term below: i) steady flow (2 marks) ii) uniform flow (2 marks) ‘Water is to be transported at a rate of 5 m°/s uniform flow in an open channel whose surface are asphalt lined. The bottom slope is 0.005. Determine the dimensions of the best cross section if the shape of the channel is rectangular. Taking the manning coefficient for open channel with asphalt lining is n= 0.016. Refer Figure Q6(a). (7 marks) b Figure Q6(a) Final Jan-Apr 2013 Page 5 of 7 EV201F luid Mechanicsg=9.81 m/s? 2b 2(2mR)oy = (WR) APyunnte FORMULA. (AR?) AP aroptet bn 4 So x br ald ald A=ab, Iy c= ab¥12 Aa TR, Le c= WRU Rectangle Cirele al al2 A= AbI2 Ig = avY36 Triangle Fe = pghcA rn = pV Ag Final Jan-Apr 2013 A= RUD, Ip, ¢=0.109757R4 Semicircle Eee Mig Ye = Vet Te a 7 Sfp + [50(V.i)dA = 0 Page 6 of 7 E201 Fluid MechanicsP, vz Py VE ht Et 24+ Ryumpu = — + Ose + 22+ Reurvinee + hy pat ag t M+ Myumn = Ge + Maz + Za heurbinew + hy fy, = Limechlosspiping _ Emeciosepiping - g mh Cmechtoss = Uz Uy Inecin > afore + > Bind - Yeni out Dee [ @x Mpav + Ye x md Yi x md ev out ia AEmecnsuia _ We Tpump = mame Werartin Woump _ Inertial forces _ VavgD _ P¥avgD ° = Viscous forces v # Untaminar = 0.05 Re D Lnjturbuient = 10D v Vin = tn Drery by, Tonase = T(r2Vae ~ "Vsy:) Final Jan-Apr 2013 Page 7 of 7 EV201Fluid Mechanics