Ryan Redican/ESC330M/10/12/2016

Problem: 3.44
Problem: Water is contained in a piston-cylinder device shown below.
The device is fitted with stops inside the cylinder. The water that is
contained is allowed to cool as an isobaric process until it is a
saturated vapor and the piston has lowered to the stops. We know that
the water is initially at 300 kPa and 250 . It cools to a pressure of
100 kPa.
State One:

State Two/Three:

Analysis: We know that the initial pressure and temperature, P1 and T1 ,

are 300 kPa and 250 respectively. We also know that the final
pressure, P3 ,is 100 kPa.
From the superheated water tables, using the values for P1 and T1 we
obtain the value for u 1 which is 2728.9 kJ/kg.
We also know that since state two is a saturated vapor at the initial
pressure, we know that P2 = P1 = 300 kPa. From this we can obtain v2
from the saturated water tables being 0.6058 m3/kg
Since the process from 2 to 3 is isochoric, we know that P3 is 100 kPa
and
v 3= v 2=0.6058 m3/kg
From the specific volume we can obtain the value for x3 in order to
obtain the internal energy at state 3.
v 3=v f + x3 v fg
0.6058=0.001043+ x3 (1.69305)

x 3=0.35719
Therefore the internal energy is as follows:
u3=u f + x 3 u fg
u3=417.40+0.35719 ( 2088.2 )
u3=1163.3 kJ /kg
and the overall change in internal energy is as follows:
U =u1u3 =1566 kJ /kg
Proces Pressur
s
e
1
300
kPa
2
300
kPa
3
100
kPa
Process
1->2
2->3
Cycle

Temperatur
e
250
133.52

99.61

U
-185.7 kJ/kg
-1379.9
kJ/kg
-1565.57
kJ/kg

Specific
Volume
0. 79645
m3/kg
0.6058 m3/kg
0.6058 m3/kg

Internal Energy Entrop

y
2728.9 kJ/kg
7.5180
kJ/kg K
2543.2 kJ/kg
6.9917
kJ/kg K
1163.3 kJ/kg
3.4660
kJ/kg K

Qin
-242.889 kJ
-1379.87 kJ

Wout
-57.189 kJ
0

eXd
86.052 kJ
329.25 kJ

-1622.76 kJ

-57.189 kJ

415.3 kJ

Discussion:

In order to make sure that our analysis is reasonable we can analyze

our table values for each process. From the table we can see that Q is
negative for both 1 to 2 and 2 to 3. This means that heat left the
system to the surroundings, which is in agreement with what we were
told in the initial problem. Work is zero from process 2 to 3 which does
agree with the initial statement as it is an isochoric process, meaning
that the volume of the system does not change. If we observe our
exergy column we can concur that our outcomes are correct because
the exergy of the system must always be positive or zero.