NAME : LULUS WINDARTO

CLASS: C
ABSEN:11

CHAPTER 4 Result and Discussion

[A]Metronidazole tablets formulated with oven
dried Okra powder had higher CS-F/DT values
than tablets contain-ing sun dried Okra powders
at all the concentrations used in this study.
However, tablets formulated with corn starch
had higher CS-F/DT values than tablets
containing the Okra powders.
[B]Tablets containing the Okra powders
generally passed the official disintegration test
for uncoated tablets i.e. <15 minutes (BP,
2005). Generally, sun dried Okra powder had
shorter disintegration times than oven dried
powder except at concentrations of 2.5 and 15
%w/w.
[C]Tablets containing the Okra powders
showed good dissolution profile. There was a
general increase in dissolution rates as
concentrations increases. Table IV shows the
disinte-gration and dissolution characteristics of
metronidazole
Table IV. Disintegration and Dissolution
characteristics of Metronidazole tablets
containing powders at concentrations that
produced the best dissolution profiles
Powder
Conc %w/w DT(min)
FOP-SD
7.5
8.17
FOP-OV
2.5
14.48
Corn starch
12.5
5.65

T50 (min)
5.00
6.00
3.40

T90 (min)
19.80
17.00
13.00

A. REVIEW
This typical start to
result and discussion
section.

B. BACKGROUND
Explain the purpose of
the paper and help
the reader judge the
result

C. RESULT

[D]Tablets formulated with sun dried powder

disintegrated faster and had lower T 50 values
than those containing the oven dried Okra.
There was a fair linear correlation between T 50
and disintegra-tion time, DT, for FOP-OV (r =
0.875, P<0.05) and FOP-SD (r = 0.858, p<
0.05). All the tablets formulated with either the
sun or oven dried Okra powders passed the
British Pharmacopoeia (BP 2005) specifications
for disin-tegration time of uncoated tablets (<15
minutes) while the time required for 90% drug
release (T90) was also within one hour which is
characteristic
of
immediate
release
formulations. In addition, both the tablets
formulated with sun and oven dried powders
passed the BP dissolution test for tablets which
specifies that at least 70% of the drug
substance should be in solution after 30
minutes.
The differences in the physicochemical
properties of the sun and oven dried Okra
powders and the release properties of their
tablets might be as a result of greater amount of
heat absorbed during oven drying than in sun
drying. In oven drying, the materials absorb
heat by all the three mechanisms of heat
transfer namely conduction through the drying
tray, convection of the hot air in the oven and
radiation from the walls of the oven.
[E] This generates large amount of heat
energy which may cause rotation of the entire
molecules of the okra powder, vibration of
chemical bonds and changes in electron
configuration of the okra powder molecules
which may consequently lead to significant
structural changes in the okra powder
molecules. The structural changes in turn affect
the physicochemical properties of the material.

D. CLAIM
Opinion of the
researcher based on
the data
E. COMPARISON
Comparation between
the previous research

Similar observations were made by Ayanwale et

al. (2007) when they studied the effect of sundrying and oven drying on the nutritive value of
meat pieces in hot humid environment. On the
other hand, the solar radiation is transmitted
only by radiation, it is unevenly distributed and
it varies in intensity from one geographical
location to the other depending on the latitude,
season and time of the day. Cloud formation
may also hinder the overall atmospheric
transmission of solar radiation to a degree
determined by the thickness and density of
clouds. Very dense clouds, about 1000 m in
thickness, are said to reflect back into space
more than 90% of the incident solar radiation
(Acra, 1994). All these reduce the intensity and
the effect of the total solar radiation that strikes
the particles of the materials exposed to it.

[F]The study showed that the sun and oven

dried powders had different physicochemical
and compressional charac-teristics that are
attributable to the relative amount of heat
absorbed during the drying process. Therefore,
the choice of the drying method during the
processing of local phar-maceutical raw
materials is critical to the physiochemical
properties of the material and the release
properties of their tablets.

F. CONCLUTION