Earthquake Guided Notes

page494
What is stress? What is strain? How to they compare
and contrast? (make a Venn diagram)
Stress is the force applied to a rock exceeds it
strength
Strain is the deformation causes by stress

Stress is
the
force
applied

Both
have
effects
on a
rock

Strain is
the
deformati
on
caused

What are the 3 different types of faults? Describe

each.
Compression, Tension, Shear
Type of
waves
Primary

Secondary

Surface

Materials &
Sketch
Description
Pulls rocks in
the same
direction as
the wave
Causes rock
to move
perpendicula
r to the wave

Movement

Move in two
directions
Up and down
Side to side

Moves up
and down
and side to
side

Moves in
the same
direction
Moves up
and down

Earthquake Guided Notes

page494

How do the focus and the epicenter of earthquakes

compare and contrast? The focus on the surface is
the epicenter on the surface
The greater the distance between P and S waves
on a seismograph the (longer or shorter) distance
away from the epicenter. Longer
What is the name of the scale used to measure the
energy released during an earthquake? What is the
range of the scale?
Richter and its 1-10
What is the name of the scale used to measure the
intensity (damage done) during and earthquake?
What is the range of the scale? Mercalii scale. The
range is 1-12
Describe the damage caused by earthquakes for a
level 1, 5, and 10
Level 1- not felt except under unusual conditions
Level 5. Felt by nearly everyone. Some dishes and
windows break, and some plaster cracks
Level 10- Most ordinary structures are destroyed.
Rails are bent. Landslides are common