Cuies 2010 50612 Rihawik Authsub 3

.

) (
"
" .
) (

:
.

.
.

.
:.
.

.

.
.

...

.

.
:
: -
:
:
:
:
.

:
.
: .
: ....................
.........................................
........................................
.........................................
.........................................
.........................................
.....................................
..................................
.........................................
: ........
..................
..
: ......................
...................
.............................
..............................
.....................
................................
...........................
...
..
- .........................
...........................................
....................................
................................
...............................
...................
..............................
) ( ...........
- ...........................................
..................................
..........................................
) ( .....................
.........................................
...................................
.................................
........
............................................
) + ( ...
) ( .........................
) ( ...........................
: - .......
......................

.......
.................

.........
...............
: - .............................
.................................................
...

.................
......
..................................................
..........................................
..........................................
- ..............................................
- ....................................................
- ..............................
............................
BE

) ( ......................
) ( ..............
) ( ........................
) ( .......................................
) (
...........................
) ( )
........................................ (
) ( ) ....... (
) (
..................
..........................................
:
.........................
:
.......
: ................................
:
-
:
-
.
-

:
:
.

: .
:
.
3
- North Dakota Mathematics Content and Achievement Standards Grades K 12

, North Dakota Department of Public Instruction , 2005, p.8 , www.
edstandards.org/StSt/North Dakota.html 4/9/2008
Standards , Mathematics , Nevada Department of Education ,General
Introduction ,www.doe.nv.gov/standards_Mathematics.html 2/9/2008 .

: .
:

) ( .
- :

.
: .
: "
"
.-

) ( .
: .
: .

.
.

.

.
.
.
.

:
.
) ( .
.

.

.
: .

.
.
. ) (

.

"

"
:
.

.
.

* :
* .
.
) + (.
)
( .
* **.
.
.

***
:
.
) + (.
)
( .
****
*****.
.
. .
. .
"
"

.
*
.
**
.
*** .
**** .
***** .
" "
.

) (

) / ( .
Joanna Swann and John Pratt , Educational Research in Practice , Continuum ,

2003 , p.199 .
- : . -
: .
: .
:
.
-

.

:

.
:
.
:
.
: .
.
.
.
.
.

.
:
.
:
.
:
.
:
- ( ) clara

( Sunshine State Standards ) SSS

SSS
) ( Shannon and Weaver
) ( Grade Level Expectations

) (

) ( National Research Council

) ( Vocabulary ) ( Inquiry
) ( Problem solving ) (
Clara Joanne Schneberger Gill : an Evaluation of Integrated Curriculum As It

Exists in Mathematics and Sciencs SSS As Well As Subsequent Supportive
Presentation of Those Standards in Eighth Grade Mathematics and Sciencs
Textbooks , a Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
the Degree Doctor of Education , College of Education , University of Central
Florida , 2010 , p.ii p.28 p.48 .

) ( .
- )(
:
- -

:

.
:

- .

.

.

.
- ) (

:

- . -
:

.
- ( ) Chamoso & Caceres -
:

)
(
) ( Description

) ( Contribution
) ( Argumentation

:
% %
% : % %
% : % %
. %
- ) (
J.M. Chamoso , M.J. Caceres : Analysis of The Reflection of Student Teachers

of Mathematics When Working With Learning Portfolios in Spanish Univesity
Classrooms , Journal- Teaching and Teacher Education 25(2009) , p.p.198-206 .
:

. -

) ( -

:

.
- ) (

:
)
(

:

.
.
- ) (

:

-.
%
%

.
- ) (

)
(

) (

:
:

.
- ) (

) ( MST
) ( MST
) ( MST

:

) ( MST :
) - ( MST
) ( MST -
) ( MST
- ) ( MST
-
) ( MST ) -
( -
) (
) ( MST
:

) ( MST
) ( MST

) ( MST
:

. -
)
(
) ( MST

:

:
) . ( MST
- ( ) Mauch & McDermot -

.
- ) (
Mauch,-Elizabeth-k;McDermott,Megan : Can Elementary Mathematics

Textbooks Be Improved to Facilitate Student Understanding of Mathematics ? ,
Journal- Articles ; Reports Evaluative , Mathematics and Computer
Education.v41 n2 spr2007 , pp.127-135 .
:

.

.
- ) (

:

-.

:
:
.
.
.
.
.
.
- )(

.

:
.

:

.
- ) (

:

.
.
- ()- Cheng & Janet & Lin
.
- ( ) - Raman -
Wu,-Cheng-Chih ; Janet-Mei-Chuen ;Lin,-Kai-Yin :a Content Analysis of

Programming Examples in High School Computer Textbooks in Taiwan , JournalArticles ; Reports Research , Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science
Teaching. v18 n3 , 1999 , p.225 .
2
Raman,-Manya : Epistemological Messages Conveyed by High School and
College Mathematics Textbooks , Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the
American Educational Research Association ( San Diego, CA , April 13-17 ,1998 ).
- ( ) - Fung & Mok -

.
- ( ) Bierhoff

:
.
Fung,-Chun-Ip; Mok,-Lda-Ah-chee :Primary School Arithmetic in Hong Kong :

Shall We Discard the Procedural Paradigm ? , Journal- Articles ; Reports
Research , Chinese University Education Journal.v25 n2 win1997 , pp.63-80 .
2
Bierhoff ,-Helvia : Laying the Foundation of Numeracy . A Comparison of
Primary School Textbooks in Britain ; Germany and Switzerland , Journal- Articles
, Teaching Mathematics and Its Application . v15 n4 Dec 1996 , p.141 .

.

.

:
.
) ( .

.

: .

:
- :

.
- :

.
:

-

:

.
:
.
: :
.
: .
: .
:
.
:
.
: .
.
.

.
.
.

.
.

.

.
.
.
.

- :
.-
: . - : . -
.
.

.

.

.

.
: . -

:
. .
. .
. .
:

: .
: .
: .
) (

:
.
.
.
.
: . -
.
.
.

.

) (

)
(
...

.

:
:
.
2
North Dakota Mathematics Content and Achievement Standards Grades K 12 ,
( Former Reference) , p.8 .
Standards , Mathematics , Nevada Department of Education , ( Former Reference ) .
- Mathematics Standard Articulated by Grade Level , Arizona Department of
Education Standards and Assessment Division , 2008 , p.vi
,
www.edstandards.org/StSt/Arizona.html 22/8/2008 .
- Introduction to the Illinois Mathematics Assessment Framework Grade 3 8 ,
Illinois State Board of Education , 2004 , www.edstandards.org/StSt/Illinois.html
26/8/2008 .
) ( .
.

.
.

.
.
. .
.
) (

.
. .
: . -

.
:
.
: .
4
Mathematics Content Standards for California Public school kindergarten through
Grade Twelve , ,Introduction , California Department of Education , 1999 ,
www.edstandards.org/StSt/California.html 23/8/2008 .
:
.
6
Mathematics Content Standards for California Public School kindergarten through
Grade Twelve , Introduction , ( Former Reference) .

.

.
.
1
Mathematics Content Standard for California Public school kindergarten through

Grade Twelve , ,Introduction , ( Former Reference) .
2
)Standards , Mathematics , Nevada Department of Education , ( Former Reference
3
Mathematics Content Standards for California Public school kindergarten through
Grade Twelve , Introduction , ( Former Reference) .
4
Washington State K 12 Mathematics Standards , Introduction , p. vi ,
www.edstandards.org/StSt/Washington.html 9/9/2008 .
5
Mathematics Content Standard For California Public school kindergarten through
Grade Twelve , ,Introduction , ( Former Reference) .

. :

.
. .
. .
. .
. .
-
: )(

.
:
.
.
1
Washington State K 12 Mathematics Standards , Introduction , ( Former

Reference) , p. vi .
: .
: .
: .

) (
. ) (
-
) (

-

)
( ) (
) (
:
. ) (.
. .
: .
. -
:
.

. )
(
: .
washington State K 12 Mathematics Standards , Introduction , ( Former
Reference) , p.v .
: . -
: .
:
.
2

.
-

Mathematics as Content
and Process

.
: .
: .

.
:

.

Problem Solving

North Dakota Department of Public Instruction , 2005, ( Former Reference), p.8 .
2
- New Mexico Mathematics Standards ,
P.3 , www.
edstandards.org/StSt/NewMexico.html 3/9/2008
-Knowledge and Employability Mathematics Grades 8 and 9 , 2006 , Alberta
Education , Alberta Canada , www. education. alberta.ca/teachers/program/math/
programs.aspx 12/9/2008 .
3
Massachusetts Mathematics Curriculum Framework , Massachusetts Department
of Education , November 2000 , p.5 , www.doe.mass.edu/ frameworks/current.html
1/9/2008 .
4
New Mexico Mathematics Standards, ( Former Reference) , P.3 .
: .
Reasoning and Proof
:
. .
2

) (
:
.
. . :
. .
3
Knowledge and Employability Mathematics Grades 8 and 9 , 2006 , Alberta
Education , Alberta Canada , ( Former Reference) .
:
.
. . : : .
. . : : .
)
(

.
:
Communication
) (

Education , Alberta Canada , ( Former Reference ) .
3
New Mexico Mathematics Standards , ( Former Reference) , P.4 .
4
Massachusetts Mathematics Curriculum Framework , ( Former Reference) , p.5 .
5
New Mexico Mathematics Standards , ( Former Reference ) , P.4 .
6 : .
7
2
) (

.

.

.

:

Education , Alberta Canada , ( Former Reference ) .
3
2
.
.
Connections

.
:
.
1
Massachusetts Mathematics Curriculum Framework , ( Former Reference), p.6 .

3
New Mexico Mathematics Standards , ( Former Reference) , P.6 .
2
Representation

) (
) ( :
:
New Mexico Mathematics Standards , ( Former Reference) , pp.7-8 .

)(

- -

-
- .
- -
- - -
.
.
- -

-
- -

.
.
- - -
.
- .
) ( connect
) ( demonstrate
)( justify
) describe
) ( represent
.
1
Guiding Principles and Key Components of an Effective Mathematics Program ,

Chapter 1 , California Department of Education , 2008 ,
p.p4 -5 ,
www. edstandards.org/StSt/ California.html 23/8/2008 .
2
washington State K 12 Mathematics Standards , Introduction ,
( Former Reference) , p .v .
3
Mathematics Core Curriculum , the University of the State of New York , the
State
Education
Department
,
2005
,
p.1
,
www. edstandards.org/StSt/NewYork.html 3/9/2008 .
4
Chapter 1 , California Department of Education , ( Former Reference) , pp.6-7 .

)

(

Chapter 1 , California Department of Education , ( Former Reference) , p.4.
2
washington State K 12 Mathematics Standards , Introduction , ( Former
Reference) , pp.v vi .

chapter 1 , California Department of Education ,( Former Reference) , p.6 .
- - -
-

.

) - - (

Chapter 1 , California Department of Education , ( Former Reference) , p.7 .
2
Mathematics Core Curriculum , the University of the State of New York ,
( Former Reference ) , p.1 .
.

) (
) ( .

: ;
; ; .
:
; ; ;
; .

:

) (

:
Curriculum Frameworks , Mathematics Framework 2005 , Chapter3 : Grade

Level Considerations , California Department of Education , pp.108-109 ,
2
Mathematics Framework for the 2007 National Assessment of Educational
Progress , Chapter Three : NAEP Mathematics Opjectives , National Assessment
Governing Board , U.S. Department of Education , p.11 ,
www.nagb.org/publications/frameworks.htm 27/8/2008 .

.
)
( . . .
.

.

:
.
)
( .
) ( .
.

< = >

.
.
.

:
1
Michigan Curriculum Framework , Introduction , pp.49-50 ,

www.edstandards.org/stst/michigan.html 1/9/2008 .
- Mathematics Framework for the 2007 National Assessment of Educational
Progress , Chapter Three : NAEP Mathematics Opjectives , ( Former Reference) ,
pp.11-12 .
- Mathematics Core Curriculum , the University of the State of New York ,
( Former Reference) , pp.5-7 .
- Mathematics Standards Articulated by Grade Level , Arizona Department of
Education - Standards and Assessment Division , ( Former Reference) , p.ix .
:
. 17/8/2008 scienceeducator.jeeran.com/nafeza/
: . -
3
Mathematics Framework for the 2007 National Assessment of Educational
p.17 .
- Michigan Curriculum Framework , Introduction , ( Former Reference) , p.48 .
( Former Reference ) , pp.5-7 .
- New Jersey Core Curriculum Content Standards for Mathematics , 2008 , p.17 ,
www.edstandards.org/stst/newjersey.html 24/8/2008 .

:

. :
:
. : ) ( .
- .
.
.
) ( .
)
(.
:
.

.
:
Curriculum Frameworks , Mathematics Framework 2005 , Chapter3 : Grade

Level Considerations , California Department of Education , ( Former Reference) ,
p.110 .
- New Jersey Core Curriculum Content Standards for Mathematics , 2008 , Former
Reference , pp.17
- Michigan Curriculum Framework , Introduction , ( Former Reference ) , pp.47-48 .
p.20-21 .
( Former Reference) , pp.5-7 .
- Colorado Model Content Standards for Mathematics , Glossary , Colorado
Department of Education , 2005 , p.11 , www.edstandards.org/stst/colorado.html
24/8/2008 .
)
(
.
)
(

.
) (
) (

.
) ( :

. :
.
:

New Jersey Core Curriculum Content Standards for Mathematics , 2008 ,

- Curriculum Frameworks , Mathematics Framework 2005 , Chapter3 : Grade
p.110 .
- Michigan Curriculum Framework , Introduction , ( Former Reference) , pp.48-49 .
:
.
)
(
.
)
Discrete Mathematics
( :

. :
.
:
)
Systematic Listing and Counting
Vertex Edg Graphs
(.
(.

pp.25-26 .
1
Michigan Curriculum Framework , Introduction , ( Former Reference) , pp.51-52 .
- New Jersey Core Curriculum Content Standards for Mathematics , 2008
,( Former Reference ) , p.36 .
:

.

.
: ) (
) (
.

1
Mathematics Standards Articulated by Grade Level , Arizona Department of

Education - Standards and Assessment Division , ( Former Reference) , pp.ix-x .
- New Jersey Core Curriculum Content Standards for Mathematics , 2008 ,
(Former Reference) , p.36 .
- Michigan Curriculum Framework , Introduction , ( Former Reference) , pp.51-52 .
2
Michigan Curriculum Framework , Introduction , ( Former Reference), pp.46-47 .
pp.30-31 .
- Curriculum Frameworks , Mathematics Framework 2005 , Chapter3 : Grade
p.109 .
- New Jersey Core Curriculum Content Standards for Mathematics , 2008 , (Former
Reference) , p.28 .
Michigan Curriculum Framework , Introduction , ( Former Reference) , pp.46-47 .

Education - Standards and Assessment Division , ( Former Reference) , p.x .
Education - Standards and Assessment Division , Glossary , ( Former Reference) .
- Colorado Model Content Standards for Mathematics , Glossary , ( Former
Reference) , p.11 .

) (

. .........
.
:
) :

(
: . - - : . -
.
.
.
.
.
.
)
( ......

:

.

.
.
) + ( .

:

- : . -
- : .
) (
.
.
.
.
.
.

:
.

.
:
.
: " "
.
: .
:

.
.
) (
.
) ( .
-
-
-
: .
:
.
: . -
: . -
) ( .
.
.

.

.
) ( .

:
: . :
: .
: .
: .
:
.

.

) (

.
:
.
: . -
: . -
: .
) (

) (

:
.
.
) (
.

) ( .

......

: . -
) (

) (
.
: . - : . -

-
.
. -

.
- .

"

"

:
-
-

.
:
) (

. :

.
. ) + ( :

":
"

.

.
.
:
**
:
-
.
.
.

* .
** .
*** .
***
:
-
.
-
)
(
.
:

:
= (C1 + C2 ) / 2C12
C12
.
C1 + C2 .
:
-
: .
) : (
) (

:
) ( = ,
) ( = ,
) ( = ,
.
*.

:

). (
* .
:

-

:
. :

.
. ) + ( :

":

"
"
) ( " :

"
" :
* .
: .

"

" :

"
"
:
"
" . :

"

" :

"

" . :

" " :

"
) (

" . :

"
" :

:
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
.
.
. .
.
.
. .

:
-

" :
"

.
.

.
" "
.
-

" :

- : .
: . -
. . : . - : . : . -
: . - - : . -
"
:
:
.
.
.

.
.

.

.

.

" :
"
:
: . - . . : . - : . -
: . - : . - : . - : . - :
. -

.

.
:
.
.
.
.
.
.
:
.
.

.
-

" :

"
: . : . - : . - : . - : . - : . -

.

.

.
-

" :

"
:
.

) . ( .........
: . : . : . - - : . -

)
: . ( ........
-

" :
"
:

.

" :

" :

.
-

" :
"
:
.
.
.
-

" :

" :

.
-

" :
"
:
.
:

:

.
.

.
.

.
. :
:

**
:

:
-
: ) ( :
.
) ( :
.
* .
** .
= ) ( /
.
:
. - .
.
) ( ) :(
) (

: .
) (

) (

:

.
) : (
) (

.

*
) . (
- : .
: . * .
:

:

**
.
.
.

***
.

.
.
" "
.

.
** .
*** . -

"
"
.

.
.
.
.
)
" "
( : "

"
"
"
.

) (

) (
: ) / (
*
.

. :
:
. = / () :
:

) . = / (

) ( ) (
:
) (
) (
:
%
) (
) (

) (

) .... ....
( " "
" " .
-
) ( :

.
:
-
) ( :
) ( :
) (
: .

.
:
-
) ( :

" "

.
-
) ( :
.

.
:
-
" " ) (
.
:
-
" " )
..... (
.
) ( : ) (

.
-
) : ( ) :
(

.
-
) ( :

.
-
) ( :
,

.
-
) ( :

.
:
-
) ( :

) (

.
-
) ( : ) (
.

.
-
) : (
) ( :

.
) ( :
.

.
) ( :

.
-
) : (
) ( :
) ( :
.

.
-
) ( :
.
-
) : (
:

.
:
.

.

-
) ( )
..... .... (
.
: :
.

.
-
) : (
: .

.
:

.
-
) ( ) (
.

-
) ( :
) ( :
) ( :

.
-
) ( ) (
) (
.
-
) ( :
.
) ( :
) ( :
) ( :

.
-
) : (
) ( :
] [ ] [ .
.

.
) ( :
= = .
.
-
) ( :
) ( :
) ( .

.

-
: ) .....
( .
) ( :

.

:
:
:
.... (
) .... ....
:
.
:

.
) (
.

.
: .
:
.
.
:
.... .........
..... ...... ......

. ) (

:
) (

) ( :
:
) (
) (
% ,
.
) (
) (
= ) (
) . (
% ,
.
)

( ) (
% ,

)
(
.
:
:
) .... ....
.... ( ) (
% ,

) (

.

%
.
)
( :
:
) (
) (
% , .
)
( ) (

,
:
)
( ) (
%

.
) (
) (
% ,
.
)
( )
( % ,

.

%,

.
) ( :
:
)
( ) (

.
:
) ( ) (
)

( % ,

) (

) ( ) (
) (
% ,
.
) (
) (
% ,

.
) (
) (
% ,
) (

%,
.
)
( :
:
)

( )
(
) ( ,
.

.

.
)
( :
:
)
( )
(
% ,

.

.

.
) ( :
:
)

( ) (
% ,

.
)
( :
:
) (

.
) ( :
: )
( % ,

.
)
( :
:

.
) (
:

.

- "

" :
:
.
)
) ( (

.
.
)
(
.
.
)
(
.
.

)
(

.
.

)
(
.
.
)
.

)

(
.
.
) (
.
.

)
) (

(
.
.

.

:

.
- "
"
) : (

) ( :

.

.
-
) (

.
-
.
:
-

)
( :
.
-
) : (

.
....

.
-
" "

.
-
" " .
.
:
-

) (
:
.
-
) : (

.
-
:
-
) (
:
.
-

.
:
-

) (
:
.
: " "
.

" "
.
+ :
-
) (
:
.
-

.

:
-
.
.
:
-

) (
:
.
-
) ( :
.

)
) ( ( :
:
.
) (
.
:
-

) (
:
.
-
) ( ) (

.
) (
.
) ( " "
.
) ( :
.
:
-
) ( ) ( ) ( -
" "
.
:
-

) (
:
.

:
-

.
-

.

:

.

.

) ( .
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
. .
. .
. .
. .
:

.
:
.
:

.
:

.
:
.
:

.
:

.
:
.
. :
.
. :
.
. :

.
. :

.
. :
.
. :
.
. :
.
. :

.
. :
.
. :

.
. : "
"
.
. :

.
. :
"
" .
. :

.
. :
.
. :

.
. :

.
. :
.
. :
.
. :
.
. . . :
.
. :

.
. :

.
. :
.
. :
.
. :

.
. :
.
. :
.
. :
.
. :

.
. :
.
. :
.
. :

.
. :

scienceeducator.jeeran.com/nafeza/17/8/2008.
: .
.
: .
.
.
.
: .
.
: .
.
: .

.
50.
Bierhoff ,-Helvia : Laying the Foundation of Numeracy

. A Comparison of Primary School Textbooks in Britain
; Germany and Switzerland , Journal- Articles ,
Teaching Mathematics and Its Application . v15 n4 Dec
1996 .
51.
Clara Joanne Schneberger Gill : an Evaluation of

Integrated Curriculum As It Exists in Mathematics and
Sciencs SSS As Well As Subsequent Supportive
Presentation of Those Standards in Eighth Grade
Mathematics and Sciencs Textbooks , a Dissertation
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
the Degree Doctor of Education , College of Education
, University of Central Florida , 2010 .
52. Colorado Model Content Standards for Mathematics ,

Glossary , Colorado Department of Education , 2005 ,
www.edstandards.org/stst/colorado.html 24/8/2008 .
53.
Curriculum Frameworks , Mathematics Framework

2005 , Chapter3 : Grade Level Considerations ,
California
Department
of
Education,
www.edstandards.org/StSt/California.html 23/8/2008 .
54.
Fung,-Chun-Ip; Mok,-Lda-Ah-chee :Primary School

Arithmetic in Hong Kong : Shall We Discard the
Procedural Paradigm ? , Journal- Articles ; Reports
Research , Chinese University Education Journal.v25
n2 win1997 .
55.
Guiding Principles and Key Components of an

Effective Mathematics Program , Chapter 1 , California
Department
of
Education
,
2008
,
56.
Introduction to the Illinois Mathematics Assessment

Framework Grade 3 8 , Illinois State Board of
Education
,
2004
,
www.edstandards.org/StSt/Illinois.html 26/8/2008 .
57.
J.M. Chamoso , M.J. Caceres : Analysis of The

Reflection of Student Teachers of Mathematics When
Working With Learning Portfolios in Spanish Univesity
Classrooms , Journal- Teaching and Teacher Education
25(2009) .
58.
Joanna Swann and John Pratt , Educational Research in

Practice , Continuum , 2003 .
59.
Kansas Curricular Standards for Mathematics , Glossary

,
2004
,
www.edstandards.org/stst/kansas.htm
29/8/2008 .
60.
Knowledge and Employability Mathematics Grades 8

and 9 , 2006 , Alberta Education , Alberta Canada ,
www.education.alberta.ca/teachers/program/math/progr
ams.aspx 12/9/2008 .
61.
Massachusetts Mathematics Curriculum Framework ,

Massachusetts Department of Education , November
2000 , www.doe.mass.edu/ frameworks/current.html
1/9/2008 .
62.
Mathematics Content Standards for California Public

school kindergarten through Grade Twelve ,
,Introduction , California Department of Education ,
1999
,
www.edstandards.org/StSt/California.html
23/8/2008 .
63.
Mathematics Core Curriculum , the University of the

State of New York , the State Education Department ,
2005
,
www.edstandards.org/StSt/NewYork.html
3/9/2008 .
64.
Mathematics Framework for the 2007 National

Assessment of Educational Progress , Chapter Three :
NAEP Mathematics Opjectives , National Assessment
Governing Board , U.S. Department of Education ,
www.nagb.org/publications/frameworks.htm 27/8/2008.
65.
Mathematics Standard Articulated by Grade Level ,

Arizona Department of Education Standards and
Assessment
Division
,
2008
,
www.edstandards.org/StSt/Arizona.html 22/8/2008 .
66.
Mauch,-Elizabeth-k ; McDermott,Megan : Can

Elementary Mathematics Textbooks Be Improved to
Facilitate Student Understanding of Mathematics ? ,
Journal- Articles ; Reports Evaluative , Mathematics
and Computer Education.v41 n2 spr2007 .
67.
Michigan Curriculum Framework , Introduction ,

www.edstandards.org/stst/michigan.html 1/9/2008 .
68.
New Jersey Core Curriculum Content Standards for

Mathematics
,
2008
,
www.edstandards.org/stst/newjersey.html 24/8/2008 .
69.
New
Mexico
Mathematics
Standards
,
www.edstandards.org/StSt/NewMexico.html 3/9/2008 .
70.
North Dakota Mathematics Content and Achievement

Standards Grades K 12 , North Dakota Department of
Public
Instruction
,
2005
,
www.edstandards.org/StSt/North Dakota.html 4/9/2008.
71.
Raman,-Manya : Epistemological Messages Conveyed

by High School and College Mathematics Textbooks ,
Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American
Educational Research Association ( San Diego , CA ,
April 13-17 , 1998 )
72.
Standards , Mathematics , Nevada Department of

Education
,
www.doe.nv.gov/standards_Mathematics.ml 2/9/2008.
73.
Washington State K 12 Mathematics Standards ,

Introduction
,
www.edstandards.org/StSt/Washington.html 9/9/2008 .
74.
Wu,-Cheng-Chih ; Janet-Mei-Chuen ;Lin,-Kai-Yin :a

Content Analysis of Programming Examples in High
School Computer Textbooks in Taiwan , JournalArticles ; Reports Research , Journal of Computers in
Mathematics and Science Teaching. v18 n3 , 1999 .
"
"

:

: ) (
: .

: ) (
: ) (
: ) (

.
"
"

:
.
.
.
.
:
: ) ( .
: .
*
:
: .
:
.
.

.
" "

:
.
:
* .
:
-

.
: .
:

.

.
:
-
:
.
.

.
:
.
:

.

.

.

.
: .
:
.

) . ( .........

)
: . ( ........
: .
:

.
:
.
:

.
: .
.
.
.
:
.
:
: .
:
.
*
) (
:

) ( .
- ) -

( .
)
( .
- .
- .
) + (
) _ (
- .
- ) (
) (
) (
.

......
- ) -
( .
- -

-
-

) .
(
(
)

) (

) ( .
- - -
.
.

) .
(
.
- .
. . - .
- .
__________________

) (
- ) (
(
)
- .
) ( .
. -
- .

- -
. . - .
- :
- :
- :
- :
- :
- :
:
-
.
-
. . -
- .
- -
. -
) (

:
=
- .
-

-
- .
- -
- = + .
] [ .
] [ = + .
) (

- = .
) (
- ) (
- =
..
..

:
.

.
.
.
.

:
.
) ( .
.

.

.
: .

.
.
.

.

"

"
:
.

.
.

:
.
) +
( .
)

( .
.
.
.

:
.
) +
( .
)

( .
.
.
. .
. .
"
"

:
:

.
:
.
:

. .
. .
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.
Cairo University
Institute of Educational Studies
Department of Curricula and Instruction
an Evaluation of the Mathematics Textbook

Content of the Basic Seventh Grade in Syrian
Arab Republic in the Light of Subject Teaching
Goals
Thesis Submitted
For Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Master Degree in
Education
( Curricula & Mathematics Teaching Methods )
Presented by
Qamar M.Kher Alrihawi
Supervised by
Prof.Dr.Mahmoud Ahmad Shawq
Professor at the Department of Curricula &
Dr. Bahira Shafiq Ibrahi

Lecturer at the Department of Curricula &
Instruction
Institute of Educational Studies ,

Cairo University
Instruction
Institute of Educational Studies ,

Cairo University
1431 a.h., 2010 A.D.,
Summary Of This Research

This research evaluates the content of the basic 7th grade
mathematics textbook used in syria in the light of the developed
mathematics curriculum goals in syria , and to this end the
research will answer the following question :
What is the extent to which the content of basic 7th grade
mathematics textbook used in syria satisfies the developed
mathematics curriculum goals in syria ?
What are the suggestions that could be made for the content of
the textbook to satisfy the goals ?
Objectives of this research

1. Recognizing the extent to which the content of basic 7th
grade mathematics textbook used in syria satisfies the

developed mathematics curriculum goals in syria .
2. Making suggestions for content of the textbook to satisfy
the developed mathematics curriculum goals in syria .
Significance of this research

This research provides with :
1. Content analysis tool which it could be helpful for the
researchers in analyzing content of the developed
mathematics textbooks of the basic education stage (
second cycle ) used in syria .
2. Suggestions which it may be helpful for the curriculum
developers.
Methodology of this research

This research used the descriptive approach to recognize the
extent to which the content of basic 7th grade mathematics
textbook used in syria satisfies the developed mathematics
curriculum goals in syria .
Limitations of this research

Objective limitations : evaluation the content of basic 7th grade
mathematics textbook used in syria in the light of the developed
mathematics curriculum goals in syria.
Time limitations :the mathematics textbook of the 2009 2010

school year .
Procedures of this research

1. A survey on the previous studies and literatures related to
the research .
2. Designing the content analysis schedual to recognize the
mathematics knowledge components in the content of the

basic 7th grade mathematics textbook used in syria by
following these stepes :
Identifying the aim of the analysis .
Identifying the units of analysis (analysis classes +
fundamental analysis units ) .

Verifying the validity of content analysis schedual .
Verifying the reliability of content analysis schedual .
3. Designing the content analysis schedual to recognize the
extent to which the content of basic 7th grade

mathematics textbook used in syria satisfies the
developed mathematics curriculum goals in syria by
following these stepes :
Identifying the aim of the analysis .
Identifying the units of analysis (analysis classes +
fundamental analysis units ) .

Verifying the validity of content analysis schedual .
Verifying the reliability of content analysis schedual .
4. Conducting the analysis .
5. Interpreting the results of the analysis .
6. Making suggestions for content of the textbook to satisfy
the developed mathematics curriculum goals in syria .
Terms of this research

the researcher adhered the following operational definitions :
Content evaluation : a systematic process aims to gather data

and information about the content of basic 7th grade
mathematics textbook used in syria to judge the extent to which
the content satisfies the developed mathematics curriculum
goals in syria and recognize the aspects of the weakness and
make suggestions to remedy it .
Content of the mathematics textbook : the set of knowledge
and mathematical instructional experiences which are selected
and regulated in the basic 7th grade mathematics textbook used
in syria .
Subject teaching goals : the changes which we want to brink it
about on the pupils as aresult to their learning the mathematics .
Results of this research

1. Two goals of the developed mathematics curriculum
goals used in syria satisfy , three goals partly satisfy ,

five goals do not satisfy .
2. Two sets of the suggestions for the content of 7th grade
mathematics textbook used in syria are made to satisfy

the developed mathematics curriculum goals in syria :
The one could be executed directly by reformulating
the question or the soluation of the example , or by

adding question to the activity .
The other is general suggestions needs search .
Recommendations of this research

Conducting similar researchs to the other
mathematics textbooks .
grades
Reviewing the textbook of subject of this study

according to its results .
Fostering the teachers to suggest the amendments of
mathematics textbooks that they see .
Fostering the supervisors to suggest what they see about
the development of the mathematics textbooks .
Using more than one mathematics textbook according to

the educational administration to find a competition in
improvement the quality of textbook .
The suggested researchs

Evaluation the psychological organization of the content
of the basic 7th grade mathematics textbook used in syria.
Evaluation the logical organization of the content of the
basic 7th grade mathematics textbook used in syria .
Evaluation the selection of the instructional experiences
of the content of the basic 7th grade mathematics textbook
used in syria .
Conducting similar researchs to the 8th and 9th grades
mathematics textbooks .

Cuies 2010 50612 Rihawik Authsub 3

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Cuies 2010 50612 Rihawik Authsub 3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

.

- North Dakota Mathematics Content and Achievement Standards Grades K 12

Joanna Swann and John Pratt , Educational Research in Practice , Continuum ,

Clara Joanne Schneberger Gill : an Evaluation of Integrated Curriculum As It

J.M. Chamoso , M.J. Caceres : Analysis of The Reflection of Student Teachers

Mauch,-Elizabeth-k;McDermott,Megan : Can Elementary Mathematics

Wu,-Cheng-Chih ; Janet-Mei-Chuen ;Lin,-Kai-Yin :a Content Analysis of

- ( ) - Fung & Mok -

Fung,-Chun-Ip; Mok,-Lda-Ah-chee :Primary School Arithmetic in Hong Kong :

Mathematics Content Standard for California Public school kindergarten through

Washington State K 12 Mathematics Standards , Introduction , ( Former

North Dakota Mathematics Content and Achievement Standards Grades K 12 ,

Reasoning and Proof

New Mexico Mathematics Standards, ( Former Reference) , P.4 .

New Mexico Mathematics Standards , ( Former Reference ) , P.5 .

Massachusetts Mathematics Curriculum Framework , ( Former Reference), p.6 .

New Mexico Mathematics Standards , ( Former Reference) , pp.7-8 .

Guiding Principles and Key Components of an Effective Mathematics Program ,

Guiding Principles and Key Components of an Effective Mathematics Program ,

Guiding Principles and Key Components of an Effective Mathematics Program ,

Guiding Principles and Key Components of an Effective Mathematics Program ,

Curriculum Frameworks , Mathematics Framework 2005 , Chapter3 : Grade

Michigan Curriculum Framework , Introduction , pp.49-50 ,

Curriculum Frameworks , Mathematics Framework 2005 , Chapter3 : Grade

New Jersey Core Curriculum Content Standards for Mathematics , 2008 ,

Systematic Listing and Counting

Vertex Edg Graphs

- Mathematics Framework for the 2007 National Assessment of Educational

Mathematics Standards Articulated by Grade Level , Arizona Department of

Michigan Curriculum Framework , Introduction , ( Former Reference) , pp.46-47 .

Bierhoff ,-Helvia : Laying the Foundation of Numeracy

Clara Joanne Schneberger Gill : an Evaluation of

52. Colorado Model Content Standards for Mathematics ,

Curriculum Frameworks , Mathematics Framework

Fung,-Chun-Ip; Mok,-Lda-Ah-chee :Primary School

Guiding Principles and Key Components of an

Introduction to the Illinois Mathematics Assessment

J.M. Chamoso , M.J. Caceres : Analysis of The

Joanna Swann and John Pratt , Educational Research in

Kansas Curricular Standards for Mathematics , Glossary

Knowledge and Employability Mathematics Grades 8

Massachusetts Mathematics Curriculum Framework ,

Mathematics Content Standards for California Public

Mathematics Core Curriculum , the University of the

Mathematics Framework for the 2007 National

Mathematics Standard Articulated by Grade Level ,

Mauch,-Elizabeth-k ; McDermott,Megan : Can

Michigan Curriculum Framework , Introduction ,

New Jersey Core Curriculum Content Standards for

North Dakota Mathematics Content and Achievement

Raman,-Manya : Epistemological Messages Conveyed

Standards , Mathematics , Nevada Department of

Washington State K 12 Mathematics Standards ,

Wu,-Cheng-Chih ; Janet-Mei-Chuen ;Lin,-Kai-Yin :a

an Evaluation of the Mathematics Textbook

Qamar M.Kher Alrihawi

Dr. Bahira Shafiq Ibrahi

Institute of Educational Studies ,

Institute of Educational Studies ,

1431 a.h., 2010 A.D.,

Summary Of This Research

Objectives of this research

grade mathematics textbook used in syria satisfies the

Significance of this research