METHODOLOGY CONT

Four parameters will be investigated which are

Laser

power
Cutting speed
Inert gas pressure
Focal point position

These parameters will contain three levels

which are low, medium and high.

METHODOLOGY CONT
Table 1: List of cutting condition

Parameters/level

Level 1 (Low)

Level 2 (Medium) Level 3 (High)

Laser power (watt)

800

900

1000

Cutting speed (mm/min)

200

600

1000

Pressure of Inert gas (bar)

Focal point position (mm)

-5

METHODOLOGY CONT

If full factorial method is used for this experiment to

include all the possible combination of levels, there
will be (3x3x3x3=81) experiments to be conducted.

METHODOLOGY CONT

By employing the Taguchi orthogonal array L9

(34), the number of experiment will be reduced
to 9 experiments.

The Taguchi orthogonal array as shown:

METHODOLOGY CONT
Table 3: The L9 orthogonal array (34)
Parameter

Experiment
no

Laser Power
(level)

Cutting Speed
(level)

Inert gas
pressure (level)

Focal Point
Position (level)

METHODOLOGY CONT
Table 4: L9 orthogonal array and the corresponding value for each experiments
Parameter
Experiment
Laser power

Cutting Speed

Inert gas

Focal Point

(watt)

(mm/min)

pressure (bar)

Position (mm)

800

200

-5

800

600

800

1000

900

200

900

600

-5

900

1000

1000

200

1000

600

1000

1000

-5

no

MEASUREMENT

RESULT & DISCUSSION CONT

Table 5: The result of the experiment
Run

Read 1
( m )

Read 2
( m )

Read 3
( m )

Read 4
( m )

Read 5
( m )

Mean
( m )

1331.65

1331.65

1330.15

1330.00

1331.65

1331.02

1294.38

1294.38

1294.38

1294.38

1295.00

1294.50

1238.65

1238.65

1239.15

1238.15

1238.15

1238.55

1318.65

1320.68

1318.65

1318.65

1320.68

1319.46

1344.33

1344.33

1349.85

1349.85

1349.85

1347.64

1288.98

1289.00

1288.98

1288.98

1289.00

1288.99

1401.33

1401.33

1403.64

1403.64

1403.64

1402.72

1299.68

1299.68

1301.72

1301.72

1299.68

1300.50

1348.69

1348.69

1346.00

1348.69

1348.69

1348.15

Table 6: Control factor Mean response table of the Taguchi method Analysis

Level

Power (A) Speed (B)

Pressure
(C)

Focal Point
Position (D)

1288

1351

1307

1342

1319

1314

1321

1329

1350

1292

1330

1286

TPM =

xi
Ni

Table 6: Control factor Mean response table of the Taguchi method Analysis

Level
1

2
3

Power (A)

(MA11 + MA12 + MA13 )

3

Speed (B)

Pressure (C)

Focal Point Position (D)

Run

Laser Power
(A)

Cutting Speed
(B)

Inert gas
pressure (C)

Focal Point
Position (D)

Mean
( m )

1331.02

1294.50

1238.55

1319.46

1347.64

1288.99

1402.72

1300.50

1348.15

Level

2
3

Power (A)

(1331.02 + 1294.50 + 1238.55 )

3

Speed (B)

Pressure (C)

Focal Point Position

(D)

Level
1

2
3

Power (A)

Speed (B)

Pressure (C)

Focal Point Position (D)

(MD11 + MD12 + MD13 )

3

Run

Laser Power
(A)

Cutting
Speed (B)

Inert gas
pressure (C)

Focal Point
Position (D)

Mean
( m )

1331.02

1294.50

1238.55

1319.46

1347.64

1288.99

1402.72

1300.50

1348.15

Level

Power (A)

Speed (B)

Pressure (C)

1
2

(MC31 + MC32 + MC33 )

3

Focal Point
Position (D)

Run

Laser Power
(A)

Cutting
Speed (B)

Inert gas
pressure (C)

Focal Point
Position (D)

Mean
( m )

1331.02

1294.50

1238.55

1319.46

1347.64

1288.99

1402.72

1300.50

1348.15

Table 6: Control factor Mean response table of the Taguchi method Analysis

Level

Power (A) Speed (B)

Pressure
(C)

Focal Point
Position (D)

1288

1351

1307

1342

1319

1314

1321

1329

1350

1292

1330

1286

Main Effects Plot for Means

Data Means

1360
1340

Mean of Means

1320
1300
1

1360

1340
1320
1300
1

Figure : Control factor Mean response figure

DISCUSSION

When laser power increases, the value of upper kerf width

increases and this is agree with the finding by (Lan, et al., 2011)
in their research.

Main Effects Plot for Means

Data Means

1360
1340

Mean of Means

1320
1300
1

1360

1340
1320
1300
1

Figure : Control factor Mean response figure

Table 7: Optimum parameter level and its corresponding value for kerf width

Parameter

Level

Value

Laser power

800 W

Cutting speed

1000 mm/min

Inert gas pressure

3 bar

Focal Point Position

5 mm

Real Experiment value = 1166 m

PREDICTION

The Taguchi predicted value is obtain using the equation below.

PV = + (1- ) + (3- ) + (1-) + (3-)

Where = average value of all mean value = 1319 m

Table 6: Control factor Mean response table of the Taguchi method Analysis

Level

Power (A) Speed (B)

Pressure
(C)

Focal Point
Position (D)

1288

1351

1307

1342

1319

1314

1321

1329

1350

1292

1330

1286

AVERAGE Value = 1319 m

The Taguchi predicted value is obtain using the equation below.

PV = + (1- ) + (3- ) + (1-) + (3-)

PV = 1319 + (1288 -1319) + (1292-1319) + (1307-1319) + (1286-1319)

Taguchi Predicted Value, PV = 1216 m

The predicted percentage error is calculated as shown in

equation below.
=

12161166
1166

100 = 4.3%

100

OPTIONAL

Artificial Neural Network Model (ANN)

OPTIONAL

FUZZY LOGIC

OPTIONAL

FINITE ELEMENT MODEL SIMULATION

ANOVA

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) study was carried out to identify

the main control factor which significantly affects the quality
characteristics (Santhakumar, et al., 2009; Sayuti, et al., 2011).

Factor
Control Factor Levels

Laser
Power
(A)

Cutting
Speed
(B)

Inert Gas Pressure

(C)

Focal Point Position

(D)

Level 1

1288
1319
1350
29234

1351
1314
1292
26786

1307
1321
1330
3960

1342
1329
1286
25713

Level 2
Level 3
Sum of Square

85693

Total Sum of Square

Percentage
Contribution, %
Rank

of

34.11

31.26

4.62

30.01

MEASUREMENT

Run

Read 1
( m )

Read 2
( m )

Read 3
( m )

Read 4
( m )

Read 5
( m )

Mean
( m )

1331.65

1331.65

1330.15

1330.00

1331.65

1331.02

1294.38

1294.38

1294.38

1294.38

1295.00

1294.50

1238.65

1238.65

1239.15

1238.15

1238.15

1238.55

1318.65

1320.68

1318.65

1318.65

1320.68

1319.46

1344.33

1344.33

1349.85

1349.85

1349.85

1347.64

1288.98

1289.00

1288.98

1288.98

1289.00

1288.99

1401.33

1401.33

1403.64

1403.64

1403.64

1402.72

1299.68

1299.68

1301.72

1301.72

1299.68

1300.50

1348.69

1348.69

1346.00

1348.69

1348.69

1348.15

Average value = 1319 m

Run

Read 1
( m )

Read 2
( m )

Read 3
( m )

Read 4
( m )

Read 5
( m )

Mean
( m )

1331.65

1331.65

1330.15

1330.00

1331.65

1331.02

1294.38

1294.38

1294.38

1294.38

1295.00

1294.50

1238.65

1238.65

1239.15

1238.15

1238.15

1238.55

1318.65

1320.68

1318.65

1318.65

1320.68

1319.46

1344.33

1344.33

1349.85

1349.85

1349.85

1347.64

1288.98

1289.00

1288.98

1288.98

1289.00

1288.99

1401.33

1401.33

1403.64

1403.64

1403.64

1402.72

1299.68

1299.68

1301.72

1301.72

1299.68

1300.50

1348.69

1348.69

1346.00

1348.69

1348.69

1348.15

Number of Read = 9 x 5 = 45

The Sum Square due to mean

= ( )

= 45 1319(31) = 78296235

Factor
Control Factor Levels

Laser
Power
(A)

Cutting
Speed
(B)

Inert Gas Pressure

(C)

Focal Point Position

(D)

Level 1

1288
1319
1350
29234

1351
1314
1292

1307
1321
1330

1342
1329
1286

Level 2
Level 3
Sum of Square
Total Sum of Square

Percentage
Contribution, %
Rank

of

Table 6: Control factor Mean response table of the Taguchi method Analysis

Level

Power (A) Speed (B)

Pressure
(C)

Focal Point
Position (D)

1288

1351

1307

1342

1319

1314

1321

1329

1350

1292

1330

1286

TPM =

xi
Ni

Run

Laser Power
(A)

Cutting Speed
(B)

Inert gas
pressure (C)

Focal Point
Position (D)

Mean
( m )

1331.02

1294.50

1238.55

1319.46

1347.64

1288.99

1402.72

1300.50

1348.15

Table 5: The result of the experiment

Run

Read 1
( m )

Read 2
( m )

Read 3
( m )

Read 4
( m )

Read 5
( m )

Mean
( m )

1331.65

1331.65

1330.15

1330.00

1331.65

1331.02

1294.38

1294.38

1294.38

1294.38

1295.00

1294.50

1238.65

1238.65

1239.15

1238.15

1238.15

1238.55

1318.65

1320.68

1318.65

1318.65

1320.68

1319.46

1344.33

1344.33

1349.85

1349.85

1349.85

1347.64

1288.98

1289.00

1288.98

1288.98

1289.00

1288.99

1401.33

1401.33

1403.64

1403.64

1403.64

1402.72

1299.68

1299.68

1301.72

1301.72

1299.68

1300.50

1348.69

1348.69

1346.00

1348.69

1348.69

1348.15

Table 6: Control factor Mean response table of the Taguchi method Analysis

Level

Power (A) Speed (B)

Pressure
(C)

Focal Point
Position (D)

1288

1351

1307

1342

1319

1314

1321

1329

1350

1292

1330

1286

TPM =

xi
Ni

The Sum Square due to Factor A

= [ ( ) ]A - SQM

= 15 x A1 (3-1) + 15 x A2 (3-1) x 15 x A3 (3-1) 78296235

= 15 x 12882 + 15 x 13192 x 15 x 13502 78296235 = 29234

Factor
Control Factor Levels

Laser
Power
(A)

Cutting
Speed
(B)

Inert Gas Pressure

(C)

Focal Point Position

(D)

Level 1

1288
1319
1350
29234

1351
1314
1292
26786

1307
1321
1330
3960

1342
1329
1286
25713

Level 2
Level 3
Sum of Square

85693

Total Sum of Square

Percentage
Contribution, %
Rank

of

34.11

31.26

4.62

30.01

DISCUSSION

This variation of the laser power and cutting speed of laser

cutting is significant and it is agrees with the findings made by
H.A. Eltawahni, et al., (2011) in their research.

The changed of kerf width are small even increasing the

pressure of inert gases and this finding is similar to the finding
by (Lum, et al., 2000)

CONCLUSION

Step
1)

Identify your parameter (input and output)

2) Develop Taguchi Table
3) Perform your experiment and data collection
4) Analyze your data (Prediction and ANOVA)