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CHUYN 2: CACBOHIRAT
A. Kin thc cn nm vng
I- Khi nim v phn loi cacbohirat:
- Cacbohirat ( cn gi l gluxit hay saccarit) l nhng hp cht hu c tp chc v thng c cng thc chung l
Cn(H2O)m
VD: glucoz: C6H12O6 hay C6(H2O)6, saccaroz: C12H22O11 hay C12(H2O)11.....
- Phn loi: Gm 3 nhm ch yu sau:
Monosaccarit l nhm cacbohirat n gin, khng b thy phn: Glucoz, fructoz.
isaccarit l nhm cacbohirat khi b thy phn mi phn t sinh ra hai phn t
monosaccarit: saccaroz, mantoz.

CACBOHIRAT

Polisaccarit l nhm cacbohirat khi b thy phn n cng mi phn t sinh ra nhiu
phn t monosaccarit: tinh bt, xenluloz.

II- Monosaccarit
1. Glucoz
a) Tnh cht vt l v trng thi t nhin
- L cht rn, tinh th khng mu, d tan trong nc, v ngt
- Glucoz c trong cc b phn ca cy nh r, hoa, qu....c bit l trong qu nho chn, mt ong.
b) Cu to phn t
- Cng thc phn t: C6H12O6
- Cng thc cu to: CH2OH- CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CH=O vit gn hnCH2OH[CHOH]4CHO (*)
Cc d kin xc nh cu to phn t glucoz l:
+ Glucoz c phn ng trng bc v b oxi ha bi nc Br 2 to thnh axit gluconic Phn t glucoz c nhm CHO
+ Glucoz tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 cho dung dch mu xanh lam Phn t glucoz c nhiu nhm -OH k nhau
+ Glucoz to este cha 5 gc axit CH3COO PT c 5 nhm -OH
+ Kh hon ton glucoz thu c hexan PT glucoz c 6 nguyn t C v mch C khng phn nhnh
Vy: glucozo l hp cht hu c tp chc, dng mch h phn t c cu to ca anehit n chc v ancol 5
chc. CTCT ca glucozo l CT (*)
* Ch : Trong dung dch glucozo tn ti ch yu dng vng 6 cnh
c) Tnh cht ha hc: C tnh cht ha hc ca anehit n chc v ancol a chc:
* Tnh cht ca ancol a chc:
- Tc dng vi Cu(OH)2: 2C6H12O6 + Cu(OH)2 (C6H11O6)2Cu + 2H2O
( dd mu xanh lam)
- Phn ng to este vi anhirit axetic (CH3CO)2O to este cha 5 gc axit
* Tnh cht ca anhit n chc:
- Phn ng trng gng: C6H11O5-CHO + 2AgNO3 + 3NH3 + H2O to
C6H11O5-COONH4 + 2Ag + 2NH4NO3
Amoni gluconat
( trng)
- Oxi ha bng Cu(OH)2/OH-: C6H11O5-CHO + 2Cu(OH)2 + NaOH to
C6H11O5-COONa + Cu2O + 3H2O
(Natri gluconat) ( gch)
- Oxi ha bi dd Br2: Glucoz lm mt mu dung dch Br2:
C6H11O5-CHO + Br2 + H2O C6H11O5-COOH + 2HBr
- Kh glucozo bng H2: CH2OH[CHOH]4CHO + H2 Ni, to
CH2OH[CHOH]4CH2OH
Sobitol
* Phn ng ln men:
C6H12O6 men ru
2C2H5OH + 2CO2
30-35oC

d) iu ch:
(C6H10O5)n + nH2O
Tinh bt

H+ , t o

nC6H12O6
glucoz

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2. Fructoz: L ng phn ca glucoz

CTPT: C6H12O6
CTCT: CH2OH CHOH CHOH CHOH CO - CH2OH
- T cng thc cu to ta thy:
+ Fructoz c tnh cht ca mt ancol a chc: Tc dng vi Cu(OH) 2, p to este, cng H2 tng t glucoz.
+ Fructozo cng c phn ng trng gng vi dd AgNO3/NH3, phn ng vi Cu(OH)2/OH- to Cu2O tng t
nh glucozo v trong mi trng kim fructoz chuyn ha thnh glucoz, tuy nhin khc v glucoz, fructoz
khng lm mt mu dung dch Br2
III- isaccarit
1. Saccaroz
a) Tnh cht vt l v trng thi t nhin
- Saccaroz l cht rn, tinh th khng mu, tan nhiu trong H 2O c bit trong nc nng
- Saccaroz c nhiu trong cy ma, c ci ng, v hoa tht nt
b) Cu to phn t
- CTPT: C12H22O11
- CTCT: Saccaroz l mt isaccarit c cu to t mt gc glucoz v mt gc fructoz lin kt vi nhau qua
nguyn t oxi
c) Tnh cht ha hc: Saccaroz khng c nhm chc -CHO nn saccaroz khng c tnh cht ca anhit nhng c
tnh cht ca ancol a chc v phn ng thy phn
- Phn ng vi Cu(OH)2
2C12H22O11 + Cu(OH)2

(C12H21O11)2Cu

2H2O

( dung dch mu xanh lam)

- Phn ng thy phn: C12H22O11 + H2O H+, to
Saccaroz

C6H12O6 + C6H12O6
glucoz

fructoz

2. Mantoz: L ng phn ca saccaroz

- CTPT: C12H22O11
- CTCT: gm 2 gc glucoz lin kt vi nhau qua nguyn t oxi
- Mantoz c tnh cht tng t saccarozo, tuy nhin, phn t mantoz c nhm -CHO nn c phn ng tng t
anehit: Phn ng trng gng, dd Br2, Cu(OH)2/OH-...
IV- Polisaccarit
1. Tinh bt: (C6H10O5)n
a) Tnh cht vt l
- L cht rn mu trng, khng tan trong nc lnh, tan c trong nc nng to dd h tinh bt
b) Cu trc phn t
- CTPT: (C6H10O5)n
- Cu to: Phn t gm nhiu gc glucoz :Gm 2 dng
+ Amiloz: C cu trc mch khng phn nhnh
+ Amilopectin: C cu trc mch phn nhnh
c) Tnh cht ha hc
- Phn ng thy phn:
(C6H10O5)n + nH2O H+, to nC6H12O6
Tinh bt
glucoz
- Phn ng mu vi I2: Tinh bt + dd I2 dd mu xanh tm
2. Xenlulozo: (C6H10O5)n
a) Tnh cht vt l: L cht rn dng si, mu trng, khng tan trong nc, khng mi v
b) Cu trc phn t:
- CTPT: (C6H10O5)n hay [C6H7O2(OH)3]n
- CTCT: Phn t cha nhiu gc glucoz, cu trc mch khng phn nhnh
c) Tnh cht ha hc
- Phn ng thy phn: (C6H10O5)n + nH2O H+, to nC6H12O6
Xenluloz
glucoz
- Phn ng vi axit nitric

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[C6H7O2(OH)3]n + 3nHONO2 (c) H2SO4 c, t

[C6H7O2(ONO2)3]n + 3nH2O
Xenluloz trinitrat
- Xenlulozo khng tc dng vi Cu(OH)2, nhng tan c trong dd [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2
V- Tng kt v cacbohirat
Cht
Glucoz
Phn ng
H2 ( Ni, to)
X
Cu(OH)2
X
Cu(OH)2/OH-, to
X
dd AgNO3/NH3, to
X
Thy phn
dd Br2
X
dd I2
Ghi ch: Du X l c phn ng

fructoz
X
X
X
X

Saccaroz
X
X

Mantoz
X
X
X
X
X
X

Tinh bt

Xenluloz

B- Bi tp trc nghim
Cu 1: Trong cc nhn xt sau y, nhn xt no ng ?
A. Tt c cc cht c cng thc Cn(H2O)m u l cacbohirat.
B. Tt c cc cabohirat u c cng thc chung Cn(H2O)m.
C. a s cc cacbohirat c cng thc chung Cn(H2O)m.
D. Phn t cacbohirat u c 6 nguyn t cacbon.
Cu 2: Nguyn tc phn loi cacbohirat l da vo
A. tn gi.
B. tnh kh.
C. tnh oxi ho.
D. phn ng thu phn.
Cu 3: Trong dung dch nc, glucoz ch yu tn ti di dng
A. mch h.
B. vng 4 cnh.
C. vng 5 cnh.
D. vng 6 cnh.
Cu 4: Glucoz khng thuc loi
A. hp cht tp chc.
B. cacbohirat.
C. monosaccarit.
D. isaccarit.
Cu 5: Tnh cht ca glucoz l cht rn (1), c v ngt (2), t tan trong nc (3), th hin tnh cht ca ancol (4), th
hin tnh cht ca axit (5), th hin tnh cht ca anehit (6), th hin tnh cht ca ete (7). Nhng tnh cht ng l
A. (1), (2), (4), (6).
B. (1), (2), (3), (7).
C. (3), (5), (6), (7).
D. (1), (2), (5), (6).
Cu 6: chng minh trong phn t glucoz c nhiu nhm hiroxyl, ngi ta cho dung dch glucoz phn ng vi
A. Cu(OH)2 trong NaOH, un nng.
B. Cu(OH)2 nhit thng.
C. NaOH.
D. AgNO3/NH3, un nng.
Cu 7: chng minh trong phn t glucoz c 5 nhm hiroxyl, ngi ta cho dung dch glucoz phn ng vi
A. AgNO3/NH3.
B. Kim loi K.
C. anhirit axetic.
D. Cu(OH)2/NaOH, t .
Cu 8: D kin thc nghim no khng dng chng minh cu to ca glucoz ?
A. Ho tan Cu(OH)2 nhit thng to dung dch mu xanh lam.
B. To kt ta gch khi un nng vi Cu(OH)2.
C. To este cha 5 gc axit trong phn t.
D. Ln men thnh ancol (ru) etylic.
Cu 9: Phn ng no sau y glucoz ng vai tr l cht oxi ho ?
A. Trng gng.
B. Tc dng vi Cu(OH)2/OH-, to.
C. Tc dng vi H2 xc tc Ni.
D. Tc dng vi nc brom.
Cu 10: Trong thc t ngi ta dng cht no trng gng ?
A. CH3CHO.
B. HCOOCH3.
C. Glucoz.
D. HCHO.
Cu 11: Bnh nhn phi tip ng (truyn dung dch ng vo tnh mch), l loi ng no ?
A. Glucoz.
B. Mantoz.
C. Saccaroz.
D. Fructoz.
Cu 12: Hp cht no sau y chim thnh phn nhiu nht trong mt ong:
A. glucoz.
B. fructoz.
C. mantoz.
D. saccaroz.
Cu 13: Cng thc no sau y l ca fructoz dng mch h
A. CH2OH-(CHOH)3-COCH2OH.
B. CH2OH-(CHOH)4-CHO.
C. CH2OH-(CHOH)2-CO-CHOH-CH2OH.
D. CH2OH-CO-CHOH-CO-CHOH-CHOH.
Cu 14: Fructoz khng phn ng c vi
A. H2/Ni, nhit .
B. Cu(OH)2.
C. [Ag(NH3)2]OH.
D. dung dch brom.
Cu 15: Cht khng tham gia phn ng thu phn l
A. saccaroz.
B. xenluloz.
C. fructoz.
D. tinh bt.
o

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Cu 16: Pht biu ng v glucoz v fructoz l:

A. u to c dung dch mu xanh lam khi tc dng vi Cu(OH)2.
B. u c nhm -CHO trong phn t.
C. l hai dng th hnh ca cng mt cht.
D. u tn ti ch yu dng mch h.
Cu 17: Trong cc nhn xt di y, nhn xt no khng ng ?
A. Cho glucoz v fructoz vo dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (un nng) xy ra phn ng trng bc.
B. Glucoz v fructoz c th tc dng vi hiro sinh ra cng mt sn phm.
C. Glucoz v fructoz c th tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 to cng mt loi phc ng.
D. Glucoz v fructoz c cng thc phn t ging nhau.
Cu 18: Pht biu no sau y khng ng ?
A. Dung dch glucoz tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim khi un nng cho kt ta Cu2O.
B. Dung dch AgNO3/NH3 oxi ho glucoz thnh amoni gluconat v to ra bc kim loi.
C. Dn kh hiro vo dung dch glucoz un nng c Ni lm xc tc, sinh ra sobitol.
D. Dung dch glucoz phn ng vi Cu(OH)2/OH- nhit cao to phc ng glucoz Cu(C6H11O6)2
Cu 19: ng saccaroz (ng ma) thuc loi saccarit no ?
A. monosaccarit.
B. isaccarit.
C. polisaccarit.
D. oligosaccarit.
Cu 20: Cho cht X vo dung dch AgNO3/NH3, un nng, khng thy xy ra phn ng trng gng. Cht X
c th l cht no trong cc cht di y ?
A. Glucoz.
B. Fructoz.
C. Axetanehit.
D. Saccaroz.
Cu 21: Loi saccarit khng c tnh kh l
A. Glucoz.
B. Fructoz.
C. Mantoz.
D. Saccaroz.
Cu 22: Cho cc cht (v d kin) : (1) H2/Ni, to ; (2) Cu(OH)2 ; (3) [Ag(NH3)2]OH ; (4)CH3COOH/H2SO4
Saccaroz c th tc dng c vi
A. (1), (2).
B. (2), (4).
C. (2), (3).
D. (1), (4).
Cu 23: Gluxit (cacbohirat) ch cha hai gc glucoz trong phn t l
A. saccaroz.
B. tinh bt.
C. mantoz.
D. xenluloz.
Cu 24: Saccaroz v mantoz u l isaccarit v
A. C phn t khi = 2 ln glucoz.
B. Phn t c s nguyn t cacbon gp 2 ln glucoz.
C. Thy phn sinh ra 2 n v monosaccarit.
D. C tnh cht ha hc tng t monosaccarit.
Cu 25: Pht biu khng ng l
A. Dung dch fructoz ho tan c Cu(OH) 2.
B. Thy phn (xc tc H+, to) saccaroz cng nh mantoz u cho cng mt monosaccarit.
C. Sn phm thy phn xenluloz (xc tc H+, to) c th tham gia phn ng trng gng.
D. Dung dch mantoz tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 khi un nng cho kt ta Cu2O.
Cu 26: Cht khng tan c trong nc lnh l
A. glucoz.
B. tinh bt.
C. saccaroz.
D.
fructoz.
Cu 27: Qu trnh thy phn tinh bt bng enzim khng xut hin cht no sau y ?
A. extrin.
B. saccaroz.
C. mantoz.
D. glucoz.
Cu 28: Pht biu no sau y l ng ?
A. Fructoz c phn ng trng bc, chng t phn t fructoz c nhm -CHO.
B. Thu phn xenluloz n cng thu c glucoz.
C. Thu phn tinh bt thu c fructoz v glucoz.
D. C xenluloz v tinh bt u c phn ng trng bc.
Cu 29: Cng thc cu to thu gn ca xenluloz l
A. [C6H5O2(OH)3]n.
B. [C6H7O2(OH)3]n.
C. [C6H7O3(OH)3]n.
D. [C6H8O2(OH)3]n.
Cu 30: Chn nhng cu ng
1. Xenluloz khng phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 nhng tan c trong dung dch [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2.
2. Glucoz c gi l ng ma.
3. Dn kh H2 vo dung dch glucoz, un nng, xc tc Ni thu c poliancol.
4. Glucoz c iu ch bng cch thy phn tinh bt nh xc tc HCl hoc enzim.
5. Dung dch saccaroz khng c phn ng trng Ag, khng b oxi ha bi nc brom, chng t phn t saccaroz
khng c nhm CHO.
6. Mantoz thuc loi isaccarit c tnh oxi ha v tnh kh.
7. Tinh bt l hn hp ca 2 polisaccarit l amiloz v amilopectin.

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A. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7.
B. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
C. 1, 3, 5, 6, 7.
D. 1, 2, 3, 6, 7.
Cu 31: Nhn nh sai v xenluloz l
A. xenluloz l thnh phn chnh to nn lp mng thc vt v l b khung ca cy ci.
B. ta c th vit cng thc ca xenluloz l [ C6H7O2(OH)3]n.
C. xenluloz c phn t khi rt ln, khong 1000000- 2400000.
D. xenluloz c tnh kh mnh.
Cu 32: Tnh cht ca xenluloz l cht rn (1), mu trng (2), tan trong cc dung mi hu c (3), c cu trc mch
thng (4), khi thu phn to thnh glucoz (5), dng iu ch t visco (6), d dng iu ch t du m (7). Nhng
tnh cht ng l
A. (1), (2), (4), (5), (6).
B. (1), (3), (5).
C. (2), (4), (6), (7).
D. (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6).
Cu 33: Xenluloz khng phn ng vi tc nhn no di y ?
A. (CS2 + NaOH).
B. H2/Ni.
C. [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2.
D. HNO3 /H2SO4 , to.
Cu 34: Cht lng ho tan c xenluloz l
A. benzen.
B. ete.
C. etanol.
D. nc Svayde.
Cu 35: Gia tinh bt, saccaroz, glucoz c im chung l
A. chng thuc loi cacbohirat.
B. u tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 cho dung dch xanh lam.
C. u b thu phn bi dung dch axit.
D. u khng c phn ng trng bc.
Cu 36: Saccaroz, tinh bt v xenluloz u c th tham gia vo
A. phn ng trng bc.
B. phn ng vi Cu(OH)2.
C. phn ng thu phn.
D. phn ng i mu iot.
Cu 37: Cht khng c kh nng phn ng vi AgNO3/NH3 (un nng) gii phng Ag l
A. saccaroz.
B. fructoz.
C. glucoz.
D. mantoz.
Cu 38: Nhm m tt c cc cht u tc dng vi H2O (khi c mt xc tc, trong iu kin thch hp) l
A. saccaroz, CH3COOCH3, benzen.
B. C2H6, CH3COOCH3, tinh bt.
C. C2H4, CH4, C2H2.
D. tinh bt, C2H4, C2H2.
Cu 39: Tinh bt, xenluloz, saccaroz, mantoz u c kh nng tham gia phn ng
A. ho tan Cu(OH)2.
B. trng ngng.
C. trng gng.
D. thy phn.
Cu 40: Cho dy cc cht : C2H2, HCHO, HCOOH, CH3CHO, (CH3)2CO, C12H22O11 (mantoz). S cht trong dy
tham gia c phn ng trng gng l
A. 3.
B. 6.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 41: Cho dy cc cht : glucoz, xenluloz, saccaroz, tinh bt, mantoz. S cht trong dy tham gia phn ng
trng gng l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 42: Cho cc cht : ancol etylic, glixerol, glucoz, imetyl ete v axit fomic. S cht tc dng c vi Cu(OH) 2
l
A. 1.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 43: Pht biu khng ng l
A. Sn phm thu phn xenluloz (xt : H+, to) c th tham gia phn ng trng gng.
B. Dung dch mantoz tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 khi un nng cho kt ta Cu2O.
C. Dung dch fructoz ho tan c Cu(OH) 2.
D. Thu phn (xt : H+, to) saccaroz cng nh mantoz cho cng mt monosaccarit.
Cu 44: Cho cc cht : glucoz, saccaroz, mantoz, xenluloz. Cc cht trong u c phn ng trng gng v
phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 to thnh dung dch mu xanh l
A. saccaroz, mantoz.
B. glucoz, xenluloz.
C. glucoz, mantoz.
D. glucoz, saccaroz.
Cu 45. Dy cc cht u tham gia phn ng thy phn l:
A. Tinh bt, glucoz, etyl axat, saccaroz
B. Xenluloz, tristearin, saccaroz, metyl fomat
C. Tinh bt, metyl axetat, triolein, fructoz
D. Xenluloz, glixerol, etanol, mantoz
Cu 46. Dy cc cht khi thy phn n cng cho sn phm c phn ng trng gng l:
A. Mantozo, tinh bt, metyl fomat, vinyl axetat
B. Xenlulozo, triolein, etyl acrylat, mantozo
C. Tinh bt, xenlulozo, etyl axetat, triolein
D. Tinh bt, metyl fomat, etyl propionat, tristearin
Cu 47`: Cho xenluloz, toluen, phenol, glixerol tc dng vi HNO 3/H2SO4 m c, pht biu no sau y sai ?
A. sn phm ca cc phn ng u cha N.
B. sn phm ca cc phn ng u c H2O to thnh.

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C. sn phm ca cc phn ng u thuc loi hp cht nitro d n.

D. cc phn ng u thuc cng 1 loi phn ng.
Cu 48: Cho s chuyn ho sau : Tinh bt X Y axit axetic. X v Y ln lt l
A. glucoz, ancol etylic.
B. mantoz, glucoz.
C. glucoz, etyl axetat.
D. ancol etylic, anehit axetic.
Cu 49: Mt cacbohirat (Z) c phn ng din ra theo s chuyn ho sau :
Z + Cu(OH)2/OH- dung dch xanh lam
to
kt ta gch. Vy (Z) khng th l
A. glucoz.
B. saccaroz.
C. fructoz.
D. mantoz.
Cu 50: Cho s chuyn ha sau : Tinh bt A1 A2 A3 A4 CH3COOC2H5
A1, A2, A3, A4 c CTCT thu gn ln lt l
A. C6H12O6, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH.
B. C12H22O11, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH.
C. C12H22O11, C6H12O6 , CH3CHO , CH3COOH.
D. C12H22O11 , C2H5OH , CH3CHO , CH3COOH.
Cu 51: Cho dy chuyn ha : Xenluloz A B C polibutaien. A, B, C l nhng cht no sau y ?
A. CH3COOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
B. glucoz, C2H5OH, but-1,3-ien.
C. glucoz, CH3COOH, HCOOH.
D. CH3CHO, CH3COOH, C2H5OH.
Cu 52: Cho s chuyn ha sau : CO2 XY Z T PE. Cc cht X, Y, Z l
A. tinh bt, xenluloz, ancol etylic, etilen.
B. tinh bt, glucoz, ancol etylic, etilen.
C. tinh bt, saccaroz, anehit, etilen.
D. tinh bt, glucoz, anhit, etilen.
Cu 53: Cho cc dung dch : glucoz, glixerol, axit axetic, etanol. Thuc th no sau y c th dng phn bit
cc dung dch ?
A. Cu(OH)2 /OH-.
B. [Ag(NH3)2]OH.
C. Na kim loi.
D. Nc brom.
Cu 54: phn bit cc dung dch ho cht ring bit l saccaroz, mantoz, etanol v fomanehit, ngi ta c th
dng mt trong cc ho cht no sau y ?
A. Cu(OH)2/OH
B. AgNO3/NH3.
C. H2/Ni, to.
D. Vi sa.
Cu 55. Thuc th phn bt glucozo v fructozo l:
A. dd AgNO3/NH3
B. dd Br2
C. Cu(OH)2
D. H2
Cu 56: nhn bit 3 dung dch : glucoz, ancol etylic, saccaroz ng ring bit trong 3 l b mt nhn, ta dng
thuc th l
A. Cu(OH)2/OH-.
B. Na.
C. CH3OH/HCl.
D. dung dch AgNO3/NH3.
Cu 57: phn bit 3 cht : h tinh bt, glucoz, saccaroz ng ring bit trong 3 l mt nhn, ta dng thuc th
l
A. Cu(OH)2.
B. dung dch AgNO3.
C. Cu(OH)2/OH-, to.
D. dung dch iot.
Cu 58: phn bit 3 cht : h tinh bt, dung dch glucoz, dung dch KI ng ring bit trong 3 l mt nhn, ta
dng thuc th l
A. O3.
B. O2.
C. dung dch iot .
D. dung dch AgNO3/NH3.
Cu 59: phn bit cc dung dch glucoz, saccaroz v anehit axetic c th dng dy cht no sau y lm thuc
th ?
A. Cu(OH)2/OH-.
B. Nc brom v NaOH. C. HNO3 v AgNO3/NH3.
D. AgNO3/NH3 v NaOH.
Cu 60. phn bit cc dung dch : glixerol, etanol, glucoz, h tinh bt, anhit axetic ta s dng cc thuc th
theo th t no sau y:
A. dd AgNO3/NH3, dd Br2
B. dd I2, Cu(OH)2/OHC. dd AgNO3/NH3, Na
D. Cu(OH)2
Cu 61: Lng glucoz cn dng to ra 1,82 gam sobitol vi hiu sut 80% l
A. 2,25 gam.
B. 1,80 gam.
C. 1,82 gam.
D. 1,44 gam.
Cu 62: Cho 25 ml dung dch glucoz cha r nng tc dng vi mt lng d AgNO 3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung
dch NH3 thu c 2,16 gam bc kt ta. Nng mol ca dung dch glucoz dng l
A. 0,3M.
B. 0,4M.
C. 0,2M.
D. 0,1M.
Cu 63: un nng dung dch cha 27 gam glucoz vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 th khi lng bc thu c ti a l
A. 21,6 gam.
B. 10,8 gam.
C. 32,4 gam.
D. 16,2 gam.
Cu 64: un nng 250 gam dung dch glucoz vi dung dch AgNO3 /NH3 thu c 15 gam Ag, nng ca dung
dch glucoz l
A. 5%.
B. 10%.
C. 15%.
D. 30%.
Cu 65: Khi lng glucoz cn dng iu ch 1 lt dung dch ancol (ru) etylic 40 o (khi lng ring 0,8 g/ml)
vi hiu sut 80% l
A. 626,09 gam.
B. 782,61 gam.
C. 305,27 gam.
D. 1565,22 gam.
Cu 66: Cho 10 kg glucoz cha 10% tp cht ln men thnh ancol etylic. Trong qu trnh ch bin, ancol b hao ht
5%. Khi lng ancol etylic thu c l
A. 4,65 kg.
B. 4,37 kg.
C. 6,84 kg.
D. 5,56 kg.
-

Gio vin bin son: Nguyn Vit Xun

Trng THPT T Sn Lc Nam- Bc Giang

Cu 67: Cho 11,25 gam glucoz ln men ru thot ra 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc). Hiu sut ca qu trnh ln men l
A. 70%.
B. 75%.
C. 80%.
D. 85%.
Cu 68: Ln men m gam glucoz, cho ton b CO2 sinh ra hp th vo dung dch nc vi trong to thnh 10 gam
kt ta. Khi lng dung dch sau phn ng gim 3,4 gam so vi ban u. Bit hiu sut qu trnh ln men t 90%.
Gi tr ca m l
A. 15.
B. 16.
C. 14.
D. 25.
Cu 69: Cho m gam glucoz ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu sut 75%. Ton b kh CO 2 sinh ra hp th ht vo
dung dch Ca(OH)2 (ly d), to ra 80 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 72 gam.
B. 54 gam.
C. 108 gam.
D. 96 gam.
Cu 70: Cho ton b lng kh CO2 sinh ra khi ln men 0,1 mol glucoz vo 100 ml dung dch Ca(OH) 2 0,12M, tnh
khi lng mui to thnh
A. 1,944 gam.
B. 1,2 gam.
C. 9,72 gam.
D. 1,224 gam.
Cu 71: Khi ln men m kg glucoz cha trong qu nho sau khi ln men cho 100 lt ru vang 11,5 o bit hiu sut
ln men l 90%, khi lng ring ca ru l 0,8 g/ml, gi tr ca m l
A. 16,2 kg.
B. 31,25 kg.
C. 20 kg.
D. 2 kg.
Cu 72: Cho 2,5 kg glucoz cha 20% tp cht ln men thnh ancol etylic. Tnh th tch ancol etylic 40 o thu c
bit ancol etylic c khi lng ring l 0,8 g/ml v qu trnh ch bin anol etylic hao ht 10%
A. 3194,4 ml.
B. 27850 ml.
C. 2875 ml.
D. 23000 ml.
Cu 73: Cho s chuyn ha sau : Glucoz ancol etylic but-1,3-ien cao su buna
Hiu sut ca ton b qu trnh iu ch l 75%, mun thu c 32,4 kg cao su buna th khi lng glucoz cn dng
l
A. 144 kg.
B. 108 kg.
C. 81 kg
D. 96 kg.
Cu 74: t chy hon ton 1,5 gam cht hu c X thu c 1,12 lt kh CO 2 (ktc) v 0,9 gam H2O. Mt khc, 9,0
gam X phn ng vi AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, thu c 10,8 gam Ag ; ng thi X c kh nng ho tan Cu(OH)2
cho dung dch mu xanh. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH2OHCHOHCHO.
B. CH2OH(CHOH)3CHO.
C. CH2OH(CHOH)4CHO.
D. CH2OH(CHOH)5CHO
Cu 75: t chy mt hp cht hu c c 6 nguyn t C trong phn t thu c CO 2 v H2O theo t l mol 1:1. Hp
cht c th l hp cht no trong cc hp cht di y, bit rng s mol oxi tiu th bng s mol CO 2 thu c ?
A. Glucoz.
B. Xiclohexanol.
C. Axit hexanoic.
D. Hexanal.
Cu 76: t chy hon ton a gam cht hu c X cn dng 13,44 lt O 2 thu c 13,44 lt CO2 v 10,8 gam H2O. Bit
170 < X< 190, cc kh o ktc, X c CTPT l
A. (C6H10O5)n.
B. C6H12O6.
C. C3H5(OH)3.
D. C2H4(OH)2.
Cu 77: Thu phn saccaroz, thu c 270 gam hn hp glucoz v fructoz. Khi lng saccaroz thu phn l
A. 513 gam.
B. 288 gam.
C. 256,5 gam.
D. 270 gam.
Cu 78: Thu phn hon ton 62,5 gam dung dch saccaroz 17,1% trong mi trng axit (va ) ta thu c dung
dch X. Cho AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 vo dung dch X v un nh th khi lng bc thu c l
A. 16,0 gam.
B. 7,65 gam.
C. 13,5 gam.
D. 6,75 gam.
Cu 79: Cho 34,2 gam ng saccaroz c ln 1 t mantoz phn ng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3, thu c
0,216 gam Ag, tinh khit ca ng l
A. 98,45%.
B. 99,47%.
C. 85%.
D. 99%.
Cu 80: Cho 8,55 gam cacbohirat A tc dng vi HCl ri cho sn phm thu c tc dng vi lng d dung dch
AgNO3 /NH3 thu c 10,8 gam kt ta Ag. A c th l
A. glucoz.
B. fructoz.
C. saccaroz.
D. xenluloz.
Cu 81: Khi t chy 1 gluxit ngi ta thu c khi lng H2O v CO2 theo t l 33 : 88. CTPT ca gluxit l 1 trong
cc cht no sau y ?
A. C6H12O6.
B. C12H22O11.
C. (C6H10O5)n.
D. Cn(H2O)m.
Cu 82: Cho mt lng tinh bt ln men sn xut ancol etylic, ton b CO2 sinh ra cho qua dung dch Ca(OH)2 d,
thu c 750 gam kt ta. Bit hiu sut mi giai on ln men l 80%. Khi lng tinh bt phi dng l
A. 940 gam.
B. 949,2 gam.
C. 950,5 gam.
D. 1000 gam.
Cu 83: Ln men mt tn khoai cha 70% tinh bt sn xut ancol etylic, hiu sut ca qu trnh sn xut l 85%.
Khi lng ancol thu c l
A. 0,338 tn.
B. 0,833 tn.
C. 0,383 tn.
D. 0,668 tn.
Cu 84: Nu dng mt tn khoai cha 20% tinh bt sn xut glucoz th khi lng glucoz s thu c l (bit
hiu sut ca c qu trnh l 70%)
A. 160,5 kg.
B. 150,64 kg.
C. 155,55 kg.
D. 165,6 kg.
Cu 85: Ln men 1 tn tinh bt cha 5% tp cht tr thnh ancol etylic, hiu sut mi qu trnh ln men l 85%.

Gio vin bin son: Nguyn Vit Xun

Trng THPT T Sn Lc Nam- Bc Giang

Khi lng ancol thu c l

A. 458,6 kg.
B. 398,8 kg.
C. 389,8 kg.
D. 390 kg.
Cu 86: Tin hnh thy phn m gam bt go cha 80% tinh bt ri ly ton b dung dch thu c thc hin phn
ng trng gng th c 5,4 gam Ag (hiu sut phn ng trng gng l 50%). Tnh m ?
A. 2,62 gam.
B. 10,125 gam.
C. 6,48 gam.
D. 2,53 gam.
Cu 87: Kh cacbonic chim 0,03% th tch khng kh. Mun to 500 gam tinh bt th cn bao nhiu lt khng kh
(ktc) cung cp CO2 cho phn ng quang hp ?
A. 1382716 lt.
B. 1382600 lt.
C. 1402666 lt.
D. 1482600 lt.
Cu 88: Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu sut 81%. Ton b lng CO 2 hp th hon ton vo
dung dch nc vi trong, thu c 275 gam kt ta v dung dch Y. un k dung dch Y thu thm 50 gam kt ta.
Khi lng m l
A. 750 gam.
B. 375 gam.
C. 555 gam.
D. 350 gam.
Cu 89: Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu sut 81%. Ton b lng kh sinh ra c hp th
hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 ly d, thu c 75 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 75.
B. 65.
C. 8.
D. 55.
Cu 90: Khi lng ca tinh bt cn dng trong qu trnh ln men to thnh 5 lt ancol etylic 46 o l (bit hiu sut
ca c qu trnh l 72% v khi lng ring ca ancol etylic nguyn cht l 0,8 g/ml)
A. 5,4 kg.
B. 5,0 kg.
C. 6,0 kg.
D. 4,5 kg.
Cu 91: T 10 tn khoai cha 20% tinh bt ln men ru thu c 1135,8 lt ancol etylic tinh khit c khi lng
ring l 0,8 g/ml, hiu sut phn ng iu ch l
A. 60%.
B. 70%.
C. 80%.
D. 90%.
Cu 92: sn xut ancol etylic, ngi ta dng nguyn liu l mn ca v v bo t g cha 50% xenluloz. Nu
mun iu ch 1 tn ancol etylic, hiu sut qu trnh l 70% th khi lng nguyn liu cn dng l
A. 5031 kg.
B. 5000 kg.
C. 5100 kg.
D. 6200 kg.
Cu 93: Ngi ta iu ch C2H5OH t xenluloz vi hiu sut chung ca c qu trnh l 60% th khi lng C 2H5OH
thu c t 32,4 gam xeluluz l
A. 11,04 gam.
B. 30,67 gam.
C. 12,04 gam.
D. 18,4 gam.
Cu 94: Th tch dung dch HNO3 67,5% (khi lng ring l 1,5 g/ml) cn dng tc dng vi xenluloz to thnh
89,1 kg xenluloz trinitrat l (bit lng HNO3 b hao ht l 20 %)
A. 55 lt.
B. 81 lt.
C. 49 lt.
D. 70 lt.
Cu 95: T 16,20 tn xenluloz ngi ta sn xut c m tn xenluloz trinitrat (bit hiu sut phn ng tnh theo
xenluloz l 90%). Gi tr ca m l
A. 26,73.
B. 33,00.
C. 25,46.
D. 29,70.
Cu 96: Xenluloz trinitrat c iu ch t xenluloz v axit nitric c c xc tc axit sunfuric c, nng. c
29,7 kg xenluloz trinitrat, cn dng dung dch cha m kg axit nitric (hiu sut phn ng t 90%). Gi tr ca m l
A. 42 kg.
B. 10 kg.
C. 30 kg.
D. 21 kg.
Cu 97: Xenluloz trinitrat l cht d chy v n mnh, c iu ch t xenluloz v axit nitric. Mun iu ch 29,7
kg xenluloz trinitrat (hiu sut 90%) th th tch axit nitric 96% (d = 1,52 g/ml) cn dng l
A. 14,39 lt.
B. 15 lt.
C. 1,439 lt.
D. 24,39 lt.
Cu 98: Xenluloz tc dng vi anhirit axetic (c H2SO4 lm xc tc) to ra 9,84 gam este axetat v 4,8 gam
CH3COOH, cng thc ca este axetat c dng
A. [C6H7O2(OOCCH3)3]n.
B. [C6H7O2(OOCCH3)3]n v [C6H7O2(OOCCH3)2OH]n.
C. [C6H7O2(OOCCH3)2OH]n.
D. [C6H7O2(OOCCH3)(OH)2]n.
Cu 99: sn xut 59,4 kg xelunloz trinitrat (hiu sut 90%) bng phn ng gia dung dch HNO 3 60% vi
xenluloz th khi lng dung dch HNO3 cn dng l
A. 70,0 kg.
B. 21,0 kg.
C. 63,0 kg.
D. 23,3 kg.
Cu 100: Xenluloz tc dng vi HNO3 cho ra sn phm trong c 1 sn phm A c %N = 14,14%, xc nh CTCT
ca A, tnh khi lng HNO3 cn dng bin ton b xenluloz (khi lng 324 gam) thnh sn phm A (H=100%)
A. [C6H7O4(ONO2)(OH)2]n ; 12,6 gam.
B. [C6H7O2(ONO2)3]n ; 378 gam.
C. [C6H7O2(ONO2)3]n ; 126 gam.
D. [C6H7O5(ONO2)2OH]n ; 252 gam
Cu 101: Thy phn hon ton 51,3 gam saccaroz, dung dch thu c cho tc dng vi lng d dung dch
AgNO3/NH3 un nng thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l?
A. 32,4 gam
B. 10,8 gam
C. 16,2 gam
D. 64,8 gam
Cu 102: Cho 5,4 gam mt cacbohirat X tc dng vi lng d dd AgNO 3/NH3 d, un nng, sau phn ng ly ton
b lng Ag thu c ha tan hon ton vo dd HNO3 c d, thu c 1,344 lt NO2( duy nht, ktc). X l:
A. Glucozo
B. Mantozo
C. Fructozo
D. A, C ng

Gio vin bin son: Nguyn Vit Xun

Trng THPT T Sn Lc Nam- Bc Giang

P N
Cu
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

p n
B
D
D
D
A
B
C
D
C
C
A
B
A
D
C

Cu
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

p n
A
C
D
B
D
D
B
C
C
B
B
B
B
B
B

Cu
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45

p n
D
D
B
D
A
C
A
D
D
D
C
B
D
C
B

Cu
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60

p n
A
C
A
B
A
B
B
A
A
B
A
C
D
A
B

Cu
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75

p n
A
B
C
A
B
B
C
D
D
A
C
C
A
C
A

Cu
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90

p n
B
C
C
D
C
B
B
A
C
A
B
A
B
A
D

Cu
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102

p n
C
A
A
D
A
D
A
C
A
B
D
D

- The end