Blood Elements:

RBCs
o Erythrocytes: no nucleus; donut shaped cell
WBCs
o Agranulocytes
Lymphocytes: Large round acentric nucleus
T Lymphocytes aka T Cells (Epitopes; HLA, TCR, CD
molecules)
o Memory T Cells
o T Helper Cells
o Cytotoxic T Cells
o T Regulatory Cells
o Natural T Killer Cells
o T Memory Cells
B Lymphocytes aka B Cells (MHC II, SIGs)
o Plasma Cells
o B Memory Cells
Null Cells
o Pluripotencial Hemopoietic Stem Cells (PHSCs)
Colony-forming
Unit-granulocyte,
erythrocyte, monocyte, megakaryocyte (CFUGEMM aka CFU-Spleen aka CFU-S)
Colony-forming
Unit-E
aka
Proerytrhoblasts
o Basophilic Erytrhoblasts
Polychromatophilic
Erythroblasts
Orthochromatophilic
Erythroblasts
aka
Normoblasts
Reticulocytes
RBCs
Myeloblast
o Promyelocytes
Myelocytes
Metamyelocytes
Band (Stab) Cells
Colony-forming Unit-lymphocyte (CFU-Ly)
o Natural Killer (NK) Cells
Monocytes aka Macrophages: Large, kidney shaped nucleus
o Granulocytes

Neutrophil aka Microphages: polymorphous nucleus; little staining

(major component of pus)
Specific Granules
Azurophilic Granules (lysosomes)
Tertiary Granules (glycoproteins, gelatinase, cahepsins)
Eosinophil: sausage shaped nucleus; Reddish-orange staining
Basophil: Large S shaped nucleus; dark blue staining
Platelets aka Thrombocytes: no nucleus, very small oval-to-round cell fragments

Plasma (55% of Total Blood Volume)

Contents:

Water
Electrolytes and Ions
o Calcium
o Sodium
o Chloride
o Magnesium
o Phosphate
o Sulfate
o Potassium
o Bicarbonate
Larger Molecules
o Albumin
o Globulin
o Fibrinogen
o Creatine
o Creatinine
Organic Compounds
o Amino Acids
o Lipids
o Vitamins
o Hormones
o Cofactors
o Glucose
o Enzymes
Waste
o Urea
o Uric Acid
o Ammonium Salts
Gases
o Oxygen

o Carbon Dioxide
o Nitrogen

HEMOPOIESIS
Hemopoietic Growth Factors:

Erythropoietin
Interleukin-3
Interleukin-7
Granulocyte-macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor
Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor
Macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor