Synoptical Studies in Chinese Character-Herbert Allen Giles

111/
LTORARY
riHACA^N.Y. 14853
Gnn
Charles
Was^
-^Hp'H.
CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
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ittjara,
Sffui
âtk
CHARLES WILLIAM WASON

COLLECTION
CHINA AND THE CHINESE
THE GIFT OF
CHARLES WILLIAM WASON

CLASS OF 1676
1918
.IJl
S/C^' l^^
^'
Vi
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
ii<r
CHINESE CHARACTER.
BY
HEEBEET
OF
H. B. M.'S
A. GILES,
CONSULAK
SEKVICJi.
Cornell University Library
PL 1171.G47
Synoptical studies
in
Chinese character
3 1924 023 428 042
SHANGHAI:
Feinted by A. H. de CAEVALHO, and sold by KELLY
& Co.
TO
EDWARD HARPER PARKER,

of H. S. M.^s Consular
Service,
A COXSUMMATE MASTER
OF THE
WKITTEN LANGUAGE OF ,CHTNA.
Esq.,
PREFACE.
STUDY
of the written language of China is invariably

marred in its early stages, by an irresistible tendency to
confound such characters as resemble each other in general
later on, even after analysis has been
outline and appearance;
some time called into play, by an inability to retain in the memory
vrithout constant application those characters and groups of cha-
racters which, differing perhaps only

httle or
no handle
by a dot
for association of ideas,
or a dash, offer
but require in each
mnemonic effort. This last difficulty

some
extent
by native scholars and obviated in a
has been felt to
great measure by the numerous and exhaustive works on orthog^raphy which from time to time have been published throughout
the empire. Anyone, however, who will turn to the section headed
in the P?
K' * the third volume of the J^
particular instance a separate
^S^P
5i^,
to
K'ang Hsi's chapter on |l|fa,
or to the
^^^j^
in either of its four editions, will see at a glance that the stumbling-
blocks of the native and the foreigner are very rarely identical;
to speak more correctly, that the difiiculties experienced by a
foreign tyro would be ridiculously out of place in works prepared
for the use of graduates desirous only of giving the finishing
touches to an almost faultless orthography before becoming candidates for admission into the
Han
For, judging from
Lin Yiian.
the collections above mentioned, the blunders of the native are

chiefly confined to characters written with the same radical and
slightly differing phonetics, the majority of which are, if not
actually obsolete, at least very
on the other hand,

characters at
all
is
uncommon.
The
foreign student,
any
no guide through
often at a loss to distinguish between
similar in form
which
afford
the phonetic or the radical either to their sound or sense.
such a class are
and
^,
Of
which would find no place in native
'
collections of like characters.

is
Nor do
his troubles
end here
he
frequently harassed by characters which bear but a faint re-
semblance
to
each other in mere form, but which are aUke in
sound and tone and perhaps somewhat similar in meaningj he is

puzzled by whole families of characters the sound or approximate
sound of which he can
netic,
tell
from their possessing a common pho-
but to the meaning of which the radical in
not the slightest clue.
many
Several of these phonetic
lists
cases gives
have been
inserted in this volume at the risk of entrenching upon gTound
already occupied by
What
little
there
M. Gallery.
was in native works of
practical value to
foreign students has been embodied in the present collection,
and for the rest, it can hardly be expected that every comparison
drawn will meet with general approval. At the same time, it
must be borne in mind that all the characters in any group are
not necessarily to be compared one with another, though an element of sameness will be found always to pervade each group
and frequently a whole series of such which have been placed
intentionally in juxtaposition.
Further, although this volume
begins from the beginning and leaves the student on the threshold
of written Chinese, yet a thorough analytical knowledge of all
the characters here given will
ratively
easj'-
matter
and the
make
future classification a
compa-
bitterness of Chinese is past.
The advantages of an Index will, it is hoped, be too patent to

need any comment, except perhaps that with its assistance a character may be found even if its sound is unknown, provided that
some other character be
familiar in the
group to which
it
belongs.
H. A. GILES.
Hankow
Consulate,
28th Februarj', 1874.
sirisraFTXoj^x^
stuhdiss
IN
OHIiniNrESE CH-A-E/JÔTEI?/
y^
y^
A^
2
3
"yr'
-^^
8
9
10
11
"yr
-H^
^y^
-^^
jen', a
^M^*, to enter.
J9a\ eight.
f'ae*,
excessive.
cKiiarH',
a dog.
an arrow.
shih'',
man.
fv}, a
shih}, to lose.
hsieri},
^C tHen}^,
'^^
man.
ya<3^,
before.
heaven.
dedicate.
Hence
^ yao\
supernatural.

SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
noon.
S^ mV, an
a
wu^^
"^J^
ox.
men'',
I'jT^
-+-
-T^ yM%
\
liao^, finisted.
ya^, forked; a slave-girl.
21
a son.
tzi?,
19 -T~*
20
1-*
I or
kari},
24
-4^
25
2&
26
:^ j9a<
shov!',
give.
But "^ mao^, a
a shield.
yi?, in; at;
23
^r'
me; to
cKie'd, a thousand.
^^ ma(P,
22
year.
Am^-^,
with &c.
the hand.
hair.
an interrogative
p'ing', level.
half.
particle.
spear.
IN CHINESE CHABACTEB.
27
28
29
80
jj^
j1j\
lUl
ifjl
32
jp
33
pH
31
34
35
36
37
38
1^
hsin^, heart.
pi''\
must.
min^, dishes.
Itsieh",
blood.
ch'ih^,
a foot.
ni^,
a nun.
ming^
HH
Hence
m'^,
bright.
p'^g'', friends.
J-
~l^
fu^, tbe eartb.

shih*,
a scbolar.
mw*, wood.
"^
origm; beginning.
^f^
i?en',
mud.
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
~~P-
ôa*, not.
Hence
^'^
.
41
*^^
_JL^
I)
I
42
43
44
4iJ
mo*, tlie end.
M7e^*,
j^
met* J a younger sister.
Hence j^
dH
uari)"'^ ,
chot]^,
yun^,
^^.
nrji^
streams;
name
Hence 5^ cAiV, to
47
Ym or y^ sAzA^ damp.
49
50
ye'A*, tlie
yuelt}-*,
w^ri^,
J^ kuai\
-^V
-y^
of a province.
eternal.
46
48 yffif
See No.
district.
cAVm^, to entreat.
|-j
mo*, froth.
681.
p4
45
flavour;
save.
sun.
to speak.
warm.
diyidiag streams.
Hence
chueJi',
positively.
yang^, to request.
Hence
ying^, English.
IN CHINESE CHARACTEH.
51
52
63
54
55
Fuai\ qmck]
*f^
'WX
sharp.
knai*, strange.
^n
-M^
cKueh}, a vacancy.
hsie, to discharge cargo.
a dream.
^H tsang^ bury.
mSng^,
^>
y y-
56
to
57
3p p^n^, haste.
58
3yS
59
y^
60
61
^fe
62
63
64
mang^,
confused; incoherent.
cA'm"^, to
^^ hsiu^,
send; cA'a\ difference.
shame.
a
.^^ ican^, absurd;
ijy
^'^
ch'ieh\
concubine.
cAzV, to enter.
cAzV, near.
extravagant.
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
GQ
-^t
67
/A
65
68
69
70
71
Inv
~jf^
^p"
n
"yt*.
72 "^jj
hsiung^,
tui\ to weigh.
yiin?,
k'o^-^^ to destroy.
^6
pt^
yu\
ffl
78 *fni
kuari'-,
Also written
a cap.
Fou'^, to plunder.
fien^, fields.
;^
k'o\ to be able to sustain.
J44
*l
Also written
to accede to.
ch'ung^, to fulfil the duties of.
75
^'''
See No. 69.
yu^, more.
74
^rfjjp
See No. 1052.
a long time.
chiu^,
:^J^
73
an elder brother.
firom.
ch'ov}, to pull out; to levy.
y^^'')
to press
down;
to arrest.
IN CHINESE CHARACTER.

SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
94
"^
1^
95
96
^1
97
\)\u
99
yvf',
to give birtli to; to nourish.
huang^, a vital part of the body.
mang^,
ssM*, four.
100
TJET
101
Vjly or y&S'
102
jy
JT^
the west.
y\i^ 5 to 7
wine.
c/im',
the chestnut.
Z*,
104
SM,2 maize.
106
107
p.m.
sa^, to sprinkle.
103
105
Also read wang^.
numerative of horses.
ipî^'î
j^ Asi\
blind.
_-p^
p'iao'^,
-^. sAwa^
Jffli
y^'!''^)
a note; a ticket.
to want.
to play.
Hence
yao\ the waist.

108
109
110
111
AT
^^
^^
^\l
i\ to govern.
yu^, again.
ch'a}, forked.
used for
Same
chao^, claws.
112
nr
113
tfX
114
nr fe^,
115
/r*
kua^,
melons &c.
oblique.
huf, ashes
dust.
117
118
^[U
119
^^ the
3^ ^m\ an orphan.
120
^j^
121
jjV.
chao^ or chua^, claws.
f^ fan^, charcoal.
^g an*, the shore.
116
as
tsao^, early.
fox.
tu'\oTlj;
yw'',
doubtful; as; even &c.

alone.
Hence
feao',
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
10
122
y^,
123
-^
124
125
j;^J
a
y^V, a
Fun*,
ch'iu',
prison.
Hence 00
cause.
yen^,
Hence j^
tired.
S'n},
yen^*, to swallow;
k'urv',
smoke.
to bind
kindness.
ill*
126
127
W
S
to think.
ssu^,
fe^^^,
to stop ; interest
hsi^jMlj.
128 :^fe
129
^t chang^,
130
^p
131
.^3^
132
-^
133
134
135
137
138
139
ch'enff^,
tlie
palm of the Land.
to punt.
ch'uan}, to put
on [clothes.]
shang^, clothes.
a kind of
^S^
haU.
7VC
bestow.
Hence "^
5^
compensation
^MT
ought;
El
pawn.
" fu\
J^
ch'ang'^, often.
fang^,
t'ang^-^,
*^^*
136
on money.
apple-tree.
shang^, to
,=,
,-
ch'ang^, to taste ; to try.

tang'^*,
rich.
to
ch'ang^, to
make
140
^^ hei'\ black.
141
;^K
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
1^^
^5
H*
Ig^
^^
^^
f3
mo*, ink.
an
tang^,
association.
shih}, a corpse.
^w*,
a door.
the shoulder.
chieri},
mei"^,
the eyebrows.
pien?, flat.
ku*, to hire.
'TIS
;;fS îm*,
^^
So
4E|
11
^M*, to hire.
Hence
Same
fe*, to
gaze
at.
as No. 148.
p'ien^, inclined towards.
to reach to; to pervade.
J^ p'ien}^,
^|?ien\
leaf of a book.
to plait; to compose.
]| fien*, to cheat.
'
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
12
152
153
]^L
ffj^
tsai\ again.
154
^1 yM\
155
b^l
156
157
yj^
^fe.
a surname.
y<3sra^
dark; secluded.
hari',
cAz'^*,
promptitude.
letter.
Hence
cAz^,
extreme.
cKeng^, a courteous term of address to a Lieut.
Same
Governor.
as
to receive from a
superior.
159
hwp,
ml
160
Jot
161
t^l
wang^, a negative.
158
162
163
jpj
to return.
Abbreviated form of
mien^, the face.
kang^, top of a
ân^\ a bond;
^^^ wang^, a
*pj
net.
hill.
tie.
^.

13
IN CHINESE CHAHAOTErI
164
165
^M.
166
167
Ze^,
-^^
p'i^^ adjoining.
ft"
wei*, to fear.
_^^
169
^_i*,
170
^^
172
174 -gB^
a boundary; a region.
strange; different.
^'^
to hope.
wings;
.to assist.
piî finished.
Awa^-^j
J^ nan^
flowery.
male.
yung^, a brave.
17
177
:5^
See No. 346.
pao*, cruel; boisterous.
173 :Ê:
175
cMeh}-^,
^. chi\
.ga
lightning.
tien''',
168
171
thunder.
From
yung^, springing
forth.
^^ cAm*, uncle on the mother's
side.
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
14
178
3^
Zo^,
to plunder; to seize.
lii^,
to arrange.
180
^^
181
^^^
cliiu^, old.
182
/^
hsing^, apricots.
183 ''Pip-
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
^^
'^^
f^'f'^j
impetuous naotion.
yao^, dark; deep.

ch'a', to investigate.
hsiang^, scented.
-S-.
-^ meA*, judge.
.S
-^^ âo\ bank
-p^
o-i^
or 2/*^ foolish.
Jcao^j tlie
rising sun.
cliou^, stinkiQg.
of a river.

191
192
193
194
195
^t wu'-, a crow:
î niao^, birds.
^^
"P^
_^%
hsiao^, to
too', islands.
yen^, a particle,
199
200
^^ sMrt}, deep.
201
-^V
197
198
202
203
204
205
jj
^^
^
i^^
jen*,
sometimes interrogative.
the edge of a knife, ^-.jen^, to endure;

"^^jen^, to recognize.
tao^,
tiao^,
K*,
a knife.
unruly.
strength.
jan^, to dye.
^^k
how?
expose criminals' heads.
"71
-r^
~rj
196
black;
15
liang\
abeam.
to enquire.
k'ung^, to accuse.
cKi^,
C No.
liang^-^, millet.
^' '*)
2;:^
used for -t seven.
196.
16
320
221
222
223
^Jgi
^Ki
mm'*j corn.
shu^, grain ; millet.
lacquer.
^^
y^ fien^, to add
225
SU P, pears.
^^ a plougli.
326
^î
224
239
230
TT*
228
to.
^2^,
':^^
^^
227
See No. 498.
cA'z'j
Jj^
231
y^
232
"k^
233 /fci*
Zz^,
black -haired.
hsieh},
a few.
cA'a?^,
firewood.
^ZM*,
purple.
ts'un^,
an inch.
te'a^^, ability.
ts'un},
a village.
te'az^,
materials.
17
STNOPTICAL STUDIES
18
Ai tz'u*,
234
235
a thorn.
shu^-*,
tz'm^,
to bind ; to restrain.
to prick.
236
Ij
237
KP (I
238
^n or Wv
SS
?^ to cut.
chHh}-*, Imperial'
239 julB
ch^, thorns; to prick.
240
tsao^, dates.
244
^S
'^
^T^
245
g-P
241
242
243
246
-yt*
g*U
Hence jH s^(^
sAoz^, to guard.
cAa^^, private residence.
fo^, te;
him.
yi^, the universe.
^'\
to request.
cA'a*,
extravagant
talk.
commands.
quick.
19
247
248
249
250
^3S
Xs^
qnE
shih*",
tai^,
te^,
to wait upon.
From
to wait; to behave to.
can.
Read
tei,
must.
ssu^,
a temple.
20
273
274
275
^ôi"f^ Mn\\erj.
1^ Ae< tohate.
a
j)R'
/men*,
276 jjiB
_^|n\
limit.
root.
278
ftS Mn^, the
279
i^
280
ijg
277
-^^
"^^
t/iV, silver.
i'M'*,
^13
286
fui^,
the leg;
1^ fun*, take
285
283
off.
cAm'\ to pursue.
284
282
teel; to follow.
push away to retreat.
to
^'Mn\ an
'^ cUeh\
ISl
J^
281
21
K.
elder brother.
aU.
See No. 929.
AM?^^ stupid.
Amw^, twilight.
JH|
TOo^
5 to 7 a.m.
Zware^ eggs.
f^ yan/,
;|^
3/i*,
to-
look upwards.
to oppress; or.
22
î
302 ,^rt
cKilar}^,
303
J90*, silk.
304
*S mien',
.
305
306
^^
-bK
a spring.
Hence
hsien^,
309
JÔT )^k cKur^,
chang^, to
:|^
ju^*, to disgrace.
^}^ meA*,
rB&
â
^^
""^
grow; cKang^, long.
the
lips.
cA'i^*, relatives.
to extinguish.
mier^, to avoid.
Hence
puU back;
^-*
314
Write
1^ cA'ot^ time.
^^
313
embroidery.
thread; a spy.
308
312
chin^,
continuous; close texture.
-^
311
cotton.
307
310
23
i'tt^,
a hare.
Hence
^
mê?^^, to
endeavour.
war^, to
draw or
j|^ ôa?^', late.
yuan}, grievances
y**)
to run away.
24

329
BS Iceng^,
830
I^F
331
1^^
332
JB^
333 7 1'
11 1^
334 T
"Ir
a horary character.
fang', boasting;
chuang^, strong.
accusation.
cKiang^, to
kill.
339
Jjp
340
1^
341
342
343
ang
Hence
sugar.
^
^
chuang^, a village;
chuang^, to pack.
pastor.
p'i'>î
^fe
û
^^>
Hence
chuang'^,
338 P^Yj
337 tF|
of a dynasty.
Fa?i^^, felicity; ease.
^^*' ^
mv?j the male
the
336 ft^f
name
cA'wan^^ abed.
an
335 ifV?
25
of animals.
female.
chuang^, a village.
cKuang^, a bed.
tea^'',
ts'aij',
fea^^,
A common form of
Also written '^.
an exclamation.
to cut out [clothes &c.]
to plant.
26
844
346
346
347
348
STNOPTICAI. STUDIES
-S/
^l^
gJK
cM^^ a spear.
to -contam; a year.
fern'*,
to put on; to
te'*,
wear [a hat.]
2^ f%^-^, the
slow.
Hence ^ As^W, saKva;
^
a birth-day.
^No. 432.
found.
See
^g
court.
yen^,
ton*,
^j.
349
cA^*j to
851
.S^
352
^&
353
r^^
350
354
iSI
^^*,
yi'>^g^'^,
abundance.
feM^,
teniper; disposition.
tzi^,
lewdness.
sA"S
1^ a
rp^
tlie
people; nearly.
Hence
^ cM,
to
screen.
Vj|*2
355
advantage.
tv?',
rule; a measure.
356
J^ W, the heavenly bodies.
357
1^^
^^ to
Hence
pass over; lapse of time.
fe* to ford.
27
28
370
371
372
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
cKar^, a market.
cKen\
a kind of
J^
yp^
/M a
deer.
chi/,
chih}*, to
374
^>
cAzV, to cauterize.
375
j^
379
^^
^^
380
^3
377
378
-^^
dry with
fea2',
calamity.
/eV^
to burn.
fire.
ch{n\ to prohibit.
cA'm^, clear; distinc^t.
greedy; avaricious.
âre''-^,
f^^*: Sanskrit.
W*,
J^
381 JSJ^
382
dust.
373 ^^Jv
376
Hence
y<i^'\
to disKke.
to suppress; to subject.
cKan^, to wrap.

29
IN Chinese character.
384
^^
^^
385
P^
386
j^c
383
389
\M^
^^
390
7T^
387
388
391
392
393
gg^
395
396
name
IjRJP
shun*',
^^
^T
"^
of an ancient monarch.
wv?*', to posture.
an interrogative
Tno^-^,
mi^, to destroy.
mo^, to rub; to guess.
a standard.
hui},
mo^, to grind.
chang'^,
shih?,
?i*,
an
a ten-foot measure; a husband.
an
historian.
official;
keng^-^, to
Board of
old
y^,
2/^
i*j.
Hence
sAom*, thin.
time.
slowly.
break; to burst.
to
Civil Office.
change; the night-watch.
soM^ an man.
a moment of
H?
rf|
move
_.
]^
particle.
Hence
chuai}-*,
to
30
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
397 'IBP
398
-jW
sMh^, to use; to employ.

pien^, convenient; p'ieri', cheap.
400
'1m.
fu*, a tutor.
401
IS
po^, extensive.
402
jm p(3^ to strike.
403
^fi /<
^04
BW
po^\ the arm.
405
HpB
fu*, to assist
po\
399
tS,
ch'uan',
_p_
406
to
From
hand down;
chuan*,
From "^ fu^,
literary
to bind.
with money.
thin.
account-book.
407
^mi ~~P'^*'i
3.n
408
1S^-i'"^
to seize.
410
%m pv?, to make up a deficiency.

^m p'u*, to spread out.
411
gJH
409
p'w*j
a shop.
a history.
chuan}, specially.
name.
412
4M
413
TM'
414
^^
415
ÔT
416
417
418
419
420
4:20a
421
422
423
424
t'oii,
to steal.
lur^,
the [five] relationships.
yii*,
31
an Edict.
to discuss.
luri}-'^,
sAm\
[games &c.]
a wheel.
HJw
See No.
turn round.
to lose
fflmt
lur^^
fflm
chuar?-^^ to
^j^^ Awn^ animal

^^ ywn" vapour;
the whole
yaff
ifm Am'\
convey.
:^m
the
^ff
]^K
chiir}}^,
399.
military.
food.
giddiness.
Awra^-^,
of.
to shake.
yiin*,
^^Vn^,
to
water-lily.
From
&ra^-',
connected.
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
82
425
JS\\
Îj
to arrive.
too*,
sharp; interest on money.
426 yfi]\
li*,
427
lieh^,
to put in order.
q jlj
tao^,
to fall
^fjElj
î'S
clever.
fo'*,
bye-laws.
^w*>
statutes.
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
4M
>^K
4Mk
y^
chien*',
connected.
hsi^-^,
InC-
^} ^ particle.
safe.
ts'ai^ to pick.
hsi},
how? why?
shou'^,
ai^,
to
Now read
silk.
"^p
t'o^,
too*,
^{| lieh*, virtuous.
pour out.
strong.
hsuan^, black.
y^'mi\
^r
^^
^^
^^^
^^
down;
Hence
to receive.
to love.
yuar^.
IN CHINESE CHARACTEK.
83

STNOPTICfAL STUDIES
34
458
^m
459
'^h
460
i>
shih},
ornameQt.
ch'ih}\ to order.
461
-Q
462
^^^
463
>B*
464
^Y~^^^^^j
465
^K ^MO^, suburbs.
466
^ft
Mng^-^, passing tkrougli.
467 sjfr
The
old form of
P^^f^gî to boil.
. ,
Asâ7^^^, to enjoy.
iing^, a shed; perpendicular.
bright; dawn.
foaTZ^*,
See No. 560.
S't^rling; substantial.
cMW,
who?
to grasp.
sAm*,
468
ie*,
^*(i
^>
469
d^/
^C
hot.
s^m''
or sAoM^, ripe; cooked; intimate.
470 ;^C
sî^'',
a school-room.
471
^^'^S
mound
or hillock.
^^
472
^p tien\ to pay;
473
^Sf
474
475
476
477
478
479
^^
^fc
Tjn^
wKli
HCTf
J]^
a cushion.
shih\ influence.
hsieh^, rags; to treat
^*,
f-^-% also.
ch'ih}\ naked; red.
'i<3s<'*)
shS*',
a surname.
pardon.
^^^ back-bone; a
yBC
^^
^^ cKung^, pound.
^^î
481
chuan^, family.
488
484
485
486
with disrespect.
the [six] elegant accomplishments.
skill;
480 '^M*
482
35
ridge.
c^'mw", spring.
to
^^ f^ng^z to receive from a superior.

to address the Emperor. Hence \%
^^
"^^
to coUect together.
name of a dynasty. Hence ^

^^
arrive.
^^'^^ ^^ I^*
^^^ ^"
^^
tsou^,
cA^?^^,
dCiri?,
'^''^
487
^'^^'*'
ts'ovf;
^'
to

SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
36
488
;sC
489
^*
Bc.
^î
hsiang*, a street.
cTûan^-*',
491
492
/|^
493
yj^
494
H^ sheng*,
49.5
V^
;^^
cKuaii^-^,
cKur^, name of a
up;
circle.
t'eng'^,
surplus.
to copy.
^^
501
^^^
H&.
tree; a father.
chuang^, a post.
500
502
tired;
chilarf, to roll
tlie fist.
499
498
^ cMan*,
^
or bond.
ch!uan*,
j^^
*ê
JS
lS f^^^
497
chiang", streams.
i^
a deed
^SJ cKuar^,
496
So
archives.
^^
490
So J^
sheng*, to
be worthy
be victorious.
of; to
feng^, to ascend.
^**'S
lap.
See No. 222.
rattan.
V<^
'^l^
kuet^,
chi*,
a horary character.
to sacrifice.
Hence
cA'a^-^,
to investi-
gate.
ch'a', to investigate.
[Continued

SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
88
- tung*",
518
519
520
to move.
See No. 549.
Wn or >yJ
h/I hsuv}, meritorious public service.
5wv
^m
mu*.
-
521
mu
to desire.
See No. 508.
evenmg.
523
-^^ mu^,
to appeal for subscriptions &c.
524
^^
a secretary.
522
mo^, to imitate [writing,
rmjf',
525 "I^C
mw*,
626 -5&^
chiî
saz*,
527
528
529
530
531
^^
:^SJ
>Sv
:^^
a grave.
a foundation.
See No. 1082.
to stop up; cork.
har^, cold.
s*3
drawing &c.]
to rival.
cAai*,
cAffli^j
cAe?z^,
a fort
fort.
lame.

532
MT t'an\ to sigh.
533
3|H
535
Hl^
^fe
536
^ ^ kuap,
534
538
542
fea^,
miscellaneous.
strange.
sheng*, a cliariot; to
cKui?, to
y^^j ^ place
surplus.
where couriers change horses.
^K ping^, to grasp.
^^ cAzm^, together with.
547
modest;
"IM^
a bamboo
odium.
-^^
-^ cA'zW,
a
^H
548
otT
543
544
545
546
mount.
hang down.
^H or B^ sheng*,
540 ffiK
541
nan''*, difficult.
537
539
chie'n}, difficult.
^fe
Hence:
honest.
?2m^,
lien',
screen.
hsien',
respectful; humble.
lien^,
sickle.
cA'ew^, deficient.
89
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
40
552
q^
Jg^
^g
553
>^^
549
550
551
m"
'
heavy; cKung^, again; repeated.
chung*^,
See No. 519.
vapour.
Aswre^,
tung^^ a
manager.
pleasant smells ; to asphyxiate.
hsun}-,
me. Hence ^ cAV, to subtract;

sh^, a surname. ^
resource
^^^
name of a
Used
the above.
yiP, I;
2/^^ surplus.
yv
554 'qpl^
555
556
nai^,
^^^^.
559
560
561
562
nai*,
alternative.
fruit.
for
name of a dynasty.
-^^ tsung
-^^
dawn. See No. 463.
*^j
^^^ cKung^,
&c.
"^^
557 -^J^
558
sung*',
ancestors.
loan^, finished.
Zzan^*, bright;
noble.
sm'*, evil spirits

IN CHINESE CHAHACTEK.
566
yn
/p
567
^p<
piece goods.
^^^
m
noise.
yf-^
564
565
568
569
/f"
rti
41
a stone.
shih?^
yu*',
the right hand.
tso^,
the
?/m',
a friend.
left
hand.
Hence
shi, a market.
Hence
/*'*
flijl/a*,
nao*, to
make
the lungs;
]J|^^'a*, rainy &c.
570
JW /^^j
571
jjî''^'"' *i^-
572
il^
573
jX^
pd^, to pull out [corks &c.J
574
JW
'^'^
^'ez^-*
575 'IXC
576
jw
back again; to
â\
rebel.
to take out [teeth.]
or
p'i}'^,
to open;
P'an^, to
to
puR down.
po*, to travel.
throw over the
shoulders.
pei^, bed-clothes; to suffer.
jp'o\
a steep bank.
[Continued-
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
42
Continued
577
"Vj^
578
^^po\ glass.
579
IhH*
po^, waves.
580
pô\ broken;
B^
some
581
A^
582
^^ yilan',
583
Tp p'P, apiece of
pô^, in
=^
584 -jfT
585
586
shou'^,
589
degree.
to give to.
ix>
lead; to rescue.
-Mr sMh\'m
Ifp.
clotli
&c.
ting^, fixed.
feM^, tlie foot;
cAoS
i'M
if^
587 3p[p
588
torn.
^'ii^}
enough.
to seize.
to
chieh'',
lift
up.
promptitude.
IN CHINESE OHAKACTER.
590
^^ k'u%
591
^jo\]f.
592
^^
593
'^^chu\
594
^& sAtt\ books.
595
596
'
no^, to
^^ cAm*
598
4i^
600
all.
draw or
chin^,
tien'^,
chin^, all;
603
5^.
^<^^*}
^
^
cMng^, worthy;
chih}\ to fliag away.
honourable; aged.
^W tsun^, obediently
*o lead.
for tbe preceding.
See No. 512.
hardly; just.
to sacrifice.
tsun^,
Used
wholly.
602
paint.
exhausted; entirely.
601
answer.
cAoM*, day-time.
597
'
See No. 1271.
See No. 564.
hua*, to
m.
599
bitter.
43
to.
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
44
or p'ari}, a time or turn ; foreign.
604
-fari}-'^
605
-fan^, luxuriant.
606
607
-pân^,
608
;^
shSn^-^,
-fan}-^,
to investigate.
name of a
place.
Commissioner of Finance; the
Tui-fan-
yiian.
609
^^ fan', a fence.
po^-% to tlirow
611
away; to dupe.
^^ fan}, to translate.
612
sMn^-^, father's
613
fan^, to turn over.
614
615
616
yung^, harmonious.
So
lisianf, to think.
hsiang^, a box.
wife.
^ yun^,
round.
hsiung^, the male of birds ; a hero.
/^ hsiang^-^, mutual.
617 -ûB
618
younger brother's
crowding
IN CHINESE CHAHACTER.
619
^S^
620
621
622
623
624
625
jfi
^^
^b
yuam?, a cause.
So:-
fe*,
green.
Zm*,
happiness.
Zm*,
rocky.
lu^,
to transcribe.
-yeh^, property; already.
p'u^, a servant.
626
-p'u^, to strike.
627
-pûî sincere.
628
smH
629
hsiao^, decay.
630
hsiao^, a flageolet.
631
As^V, to embroider.
632
Jisiu*,
awe.
rust.
But:
45
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
46
635
M^
^Jb
636
^^ ho*, to congratulate.
637
'^M
638
-^^
633
634
639
640
641
642
Mjr
mo*, silently.
chHen^, lolack-haired; Kwei-cliow.
a point; to light.
tien^,
mao\
-^C,
S9
^%
fet^
lep-^-*,
^we/i^*,
trade.
to bind together; to implicate.
little;
^^^'^3
^ rampart.
fe'e^V often.
c^^S period
^p
"*"
644
^f^
645
i^p''^^'
Q4.Q
jS
items; sections.
leP, to twist.
643
See No. 1272.
of 12 years; to record.
See No.
966.
See No. 1231.
^^^^ degrees of rank.
urgent.
pi^, to force; to
buUy.
IN CHINESE CHARACTEE.
647
J^ hung^, meritorious service.
648 "^^t
649
650
hung^, to attack.
ma*,
^g
BK
#M^,
'
to curse.
to give
due
weiglit to.
652
mao*, the countenance.

^H
653
a^ cM*, succession;
654
Ît
655
^JcAzara/,
656
rial
651
^ra
miao^, to despise.
tuan^, to decide.
658
659
^^ y^'^^
^l!
strong.
chiang^, a boundary.
^^C
657
an
ming"^,
2/^^*j
dark; Hades.
^ feast.
serene; late.
heir.
47

SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
48
660
661
Jan* sh^,
JaS
kung^, oneself.
to slioot witli a bow.
MeA^, obUque.
4^^ hsu\
662 ^}j
663
to chat.
^'
n^C
a surname.
664 -^JC
fo"^
665
cliHy?,
autumn.
668
W^
^^
W^
669
/fH
670
^^ /m*, to reply;
666
667
pcL^j "violence;
cAz',
to delay.
c,hi^,
a bridle.
/m^'*,
force.
Used
to reply; again.
to turn upside down.
671
X^ Tûm^, a clause.
672
JE^
^^,
for tbe preceding.
to suspect.

673
674
675
676
677
fl^
^ro
>TT^
/a^-^,
instead of; a generation.

to punisli; to prune.
fu^, to lie prostrate.
fu*, to send; to pay.
^sm\
|jf5*
froth.
dripping.
î*,
684
685
Ajf
]^
to'*,
to pardon.
hvxf, merchandize.
As^^^,
to"',
to tally;
/m^, a Prefecture.
to receive favours.
inu^, to
'J^
^fu^,
to stop; to diyorce.
wash;
See No.
^^ mo^
water
Jfct
's
683
a dwarf.
'Tt^
680 YtJC
682
ai^,
tai^,
679 'T?!^
681
tuarf, short.
4"r*
678 'TiT'
49
evening.
bad.
40.

SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
60
687
'^^t
688
^^
g89
/C^
690
691
-^T
^\^
692 ^S
693
694
r^
/^^
"pi
ming^, a name.
each; every;
hd^-^,
(ung^, a
cKuari?,
common form
j^
H--^
3^
Ao^, to
i'a'P,
agree with.
f'az'^,
700
701
ê{^,
sMlf, the beginning;
^^
^'<3s^^
to give.
tli6
womb.
to carry.
shuari}, to tie up.
to pick up; to put m. order; ten.
^^^^1 to
y^^
YJ^
V^
Hence ^n
a term of respect.
697
/p
|^f.
sh^, a cottage.
s/izA^,
699
of
cAV, gold.
696 J'j^
698
See No. 705.
all.
Hence
695
seE
part with.
to melt.
chih^, to
govern.
Asm*, to hai'monize.
IN CHINESE CHAHACTER.
702
703
^
|^
to", to reply.
ch'ih}'''-*,
to beat with the smaller bamboo.
705
P^
706
7f^
707
'(^
cK'uo*, respect;
704
Brt
*'^
to bequeath; to cause.
iu\ bribes.
^<'^
^ limit; to scrutinize.
H^ c7^'êA*,
708 v
709
710
711
*P^ ^
^[^
^^
nervousness.
harmony.
cA'm*, luckily.
hari' or hen^, to
712 -^'^^
nien*, to
713
c/i'm^,
714
715
716
in the
mouth; indistmct.
to read.
bed-clothes.
front flap of a Chinese coat.
V'^ huaP, name
cAm?2^ to allow; to receive.
y'BE
'
717
attention.
hold
think
a shroud;
:^^
/j^^ cAmS the
'^^
51
'^^
V'^
Hence | AM^'*,
of' a river.
exchange.
of
chun^, a measure; a standard.
bill
52
735
cMao^, hand
double.
^^
ÂtS
come.
3K" shuang^,
736
^^
732
733
734
737
to
4^^
over; intimacy.
chia},
lap, to
briglit.
yffij^
or
'5CK
chiao^, to strangle.
hsia',
So
'1^ hsia', a hero;
|i^
^^
^Jj
So )^
chiao^, crafty.
But j^
738
53
narrow.
chia}-^,
to take under the arm.
sAare',
the proYince of Shensi.
hsiao^, to exert oneself.
739 -^tjC
A5^'ao'',
to imitate; improvement.
740
chiao^,
waste ground outside a
741
742
743
/l2-
4-p
}^
744 q
city.
tzu^, carefully.
te'MW^, to
tsai*,
keep.
to be.
j'ot^, official
responsibility.
Continued
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
54
Continued-
745
746
747
748
749
>/^ wan^-*,
/^^
cAm*, to dwell; to stop.
-a^ cAm\
^^
4"^
hsirf, a letter ;
753
Ij^ or
Rb
754
M^
ying^-'^,
755
faith.
chui}, birds.
752
751
good
beautifixl.
-^pE
^^&
750
to go.
'1^
j^J
'I^
shou^, to sell.
chiad^, burnt.
c7^^^,
collected together.
y^'?^^*?
3/en*,
a "wild goose.
ought.
hawk;
eagle.
^ surname.
756 -^ffi
f^'f^^'^-i
757
P^^f^gî to
rely on.

758
^^
ai^,
to pity.
760
j^
shuai^, to fade.
761
^^
p'ou}, to deduct from.
762
-^8
759
^N
chung^, equitable.
763
^W,
^t
765
:^t
766
:^^
767
768
4S|:
770
J
J, J,
fera^, boiliiig.
yUar^, long garments ; a surname.
^^
769
Hence
robes.
"f^
;
^^<o^
to bind up.
lisiang^, to aid.
nang'', a bag.
Awa^^, to spoU.
ya?2^^^ a boundary; a place.
^ ?/mn^
J^ /man^
far.
See No. 763.
still;
to repay.
55
56
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
773
:rfe Asm^,
774=
iftL.
772
Asm', bitter.
::^
lucky.
775
j^
776
-^.
777
J^hsi',joj.
778 JBR.
^ prison.
^(^^j
tsai^,
/fcw^
to govern; to slay.
crime; ingratitude.
cA^V, excellent.
779
*^ yi\ one.
780
*^
781
faP,
^S
P
i^B
a terrace.
cMeh^, to rely on.
/I'M
782
cA^*^ books; native place.
783
^^
fe'a?z\
784
^^
san}-^, three.
impeacb;
fe'^ra\
irregular.

IN CHINESE CHAHACTBR.
785
786
rn jou*,
yUeh*, the
moon.
flesh.
787,-44* toured.
788
-4^
789
Wh ch'uan^, a ship.
pan^, a
790 -Hft
791
H^
792
BK
793 -i\^
794
795
796
"71
kvJ',
it
kmd; a
class.
a band [of robbers] ; a share.
fu', clothes; to
chinf, a
submit
to.
well.
sheng^, a puit; to rise towards.
j^ ;?m/,
.
pien^, military officials.
together.
^^ ^m/, form;
797 SC]\
798
chou^, a boat.
hsing^, Tpvanshment.
appearance.
57
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
58
799
800
801
4^|j
(^^ p'a<
Kan}'', to engrave.
Îj
jp'an*, to
judge.
to rebel.
802
"^
803
^? c^'Â*, to hinder.
804
jp
805
f~t
806
t!t
chih^, to
c/iM*,
811
11;- ^S
812
809
ll^
chih},
laws ; to govern.
vast; numerous.
See No. 813.
cK^r^, a minister.
810
808
'fi
From "$|J
p'o^, cannot.
nS^
^p^
^y
807
make.
huari},
mandarin.
huan}, an
official.
chien}, grass ;
weeds.
kuan', to manage.
to vomit,
ou}-\ to beat.
-^p^^^
^^^
^^,
.,^
^^^j^g.
IN CHINESE CHARACTEB.
59
60

IN CHINESE CHAHACTEK.
Continued
842
^zV,
m^
843
3^ or yfti yu', to roam.
841
844
845
846
yM[
Ke
iw"
850
y&v
^t
851
>^
849
a palace; rear-guard.
fe'en*,
847 *fi
848
sincere.
J^^
4m[
emotion.
chi^,
chiao", to pay.
a despatch.
hsi*,
cA'^, to penetrate.
cMao^, luckily.
ao*,
Also read yao^.
proud.
chSng^, to levy.
we{}-^,
852 i^*"
853 J^fi'
yao^, to invite.
hui^,
Tmnute; small.
province of An-Am'.
854
ôr ^Sl ch'Sng^\ to punish.
855
4*^_ cA'^, to remove.
856
i^sa"',
to scatter.
So
cAI^ a cart-rut.
61

62
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
857 radk
hsien}-^, fresli;
few.
fiî
858
859
860
ffl or Wffe
chieh?-^
862
V^ ching^, clean.
865
866
a surname.
ju^-^,
J:^ >^
864
hsieh^, to cut;
^L h'ung^, Confiicius.
milk.
^r
861
863
and
B
^
867
~S'
868
float.
yuan^, an
official.
maz', to buy.
mai*',
^^ hv?,
**^
to
to
sell.
a merchant.
kuei^, dear;
honourable.
huan^, connected.
tomed
-^7?
869 "â"
fc^^*,
870
cKing^, dark blue.
prt
Also read
ehia^.
Hence j^
chia^, price.
See No. 909.
Hence
'j^ huan^,
to.
to punish; responsibility.
accus-
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
64
soaked;
p
yi\ lay
a
H yi\
^ yi\ a
886 Ya
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
tsP, to choose.
to
before; to proceed in order.
shiK'*, to release.
bell.
to',
to translate.
postal stage.
^^ lin\ to rent a bouse.

^w chai\ debts.
^^
897
'
few*, dirt;
See No. 830.
a dirty mark.
[chi}\ to twist.
898
901
'
900
tsS',
896
899
softened; enriched.
chi}-^,
chi'^,
to accumulate.
to investigate.
1^ kûan^, broad.
i^ or J^ pin^, a guest.
-g^
sAiA", true.
From No,
868.

902
^jj
cKuan^,
903 J^l*
to admonisli.
huar)}, to rejoice.
904
^9 huan^, to look
905
V!^
906
lij^ cKuan^,
907
g^ Am*, to guard.
908
Amo*, to
A^
î-^"^*'
at.
kuan^^ to force a person [to drink &c.]

authority.
seize.
910
4'Q'
911
H'H
912
ig SMW^, to damage.
913
3-3
914
2Kh
915
2^-nr
909
65
iW'
^'^
to leave behind; to lose.
See No. 867.
cKiev?, to send.
cMar^, to pay money.
y^*,
a Chinese salutation.
cAwan*, lustring; a pocket-handkerchief.

cA'i\ to seize.
Also read
chi}.
66
IN CHINESE CHARACTEK.
930
931
K^
j^B
?M*,
by
land; used for the
number
tbe Imperial tombs.
ling^,
67
So
six.
ling^,
an
icicle; to insult.
932
933
934
935
936
l^'
ll^ sa",
chiang*, to degrade.
[)^
aUegiance.
lung"^,
^& Wn*, confusion.

icin*,
938 "lAr
nv^^
941
942
943
944
945
glorious.
lin\ stingy.
940
Hsiang^, to return to one's
No. 1262.
P'u-sa.
937 -^fe"
939
Cf.
>''
a mosquito.
written
slave.
^s-
if
5
i^^
^^ fan/, a
^^
^^ a cross-bow.
^^
^^^
Commonly
nu^, one's children or grand-children.
na^, to grasp.
treasury.
tt^, effort.
nw',
Asm*, verbosity; tautology.
^.
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
68
946
^P
948
Êf<
949
sJiitf',
947
950
>K.
tm
|5p
to pardon.
anger.
nv!^,
yuan*' J resentment.
chi*,
a limit; a point of time.
hsi^,
a crevice.
952
^y sAm*, the kidneys.

^y hsien^, virtuous.
953
JM^
951
954
955
begin;
K^ y^'^ punishment;
break open.
^^
cA'z^ to
to state.
to
p'i^,
to
956
^g
957
-^^
958
M^ pi% a wall.
959
960
961
p'i% the thumb;
^^
J^
^^
pei^, the
pi*,
See No. 501.
fig.,
kill.
Whence:
'Readp'i^, firewood.
very good.
arm.
a valuable stone; to decline.
^'2*, for instance.
pi*, to get
out of the way.
9 or
962
963
964
965
966
p^
Ot
BB
ta'n},
single; a list; a bUl.
pei^, inferior.
J^^
J^
summer.
hsia'^,
yu^, grief.
Hence "^ yv}, ease,

and ^jao^, to give
968
969
^^ shao^, a spoon.
970
971
972
973
97i
975
^^ already.
ssu'^,
9 to 11 a.m.
^J ^^"\
a
yfrf
'S/
yiin^,
equal.
to
chu^,
Hence
Hence J^
^\
/ffl
a treaty.
aU.
took on.
sentence.
Hence
and
hsicTi^,
yo^,
cAiira^,
'&I
trouble.
chi^, oneself.
p
p.
967
69
^ ^0M^
kou^, a
:f^
cM,
a period of ten days.
hsiung^, the breast.
pao^, to wrap.
if;
^^
Same
as fl^.
See No. 1223.
dog;
to grasp.
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
.70
976
977
978
979
980
981
Â
tiao^,
to angle.
^3 chmi^, thirty catties;

^h kou\ a hook.
_
manage.
^J
qpr Ao^ how? what? who?
attend upon.
"pT
k'o'^-^ can.
to
ssu^,
tz'it,
982 'TSI
to
983
[p]
fung^, with.
984
|t}|
Jmang^, towards.
985
986
R^
S^
to*,
tao*,
988
989
^&
^S
"j^ fung^, a tube.
to tread in the footsteps
So
-^-a
Hence
to beat time with the foot; to trample.
From
987
important.
^
^
of.
yao^, to bale out.

too*,
ch'ta^, to cull.
ch'an^, to flatter.
hsien*, stuffing.
paddy.
Cl

SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
72
lOOi
1005^^5'
1006
lao\ old.
K'ao^, to
^^
examine.
Hence
hsiao*, filial.
1008
^3 shi/\ a yam^n;
^^
1009
1^ p'in^,
1011
Za^^ to bestow.
1015
^^ or ^^
p
1017
chi^,
to deliver up.
W6i^ excuse
^
n^
to
^*'*'''
for.
- yu^, to mislead.
=4^
1016 rtjp
acting
to covet.
fari}^,
1014
to teach.
poor.
1010
1013
chiao^-^,
shu", heat.
1007-
1012
oneself.
instruct; to induce.
ûei^, strange; to
hui^, to
dread; to
calumniate.
make a
reservation.

R^
1018 invl
2/m',
1019
liang^-^,
1020
1-021
1022
rain.
J^ shan*,
a fan.
man%
yI^
lou\ to leak.
yj
/Jp
/^t
full.
1023 ^flp
ts'ung*,
1024
As2^-^,
1025
1027
WU
1028
SW
1026
two; an ounce.
l^p
from; by; to comply.
to
change one's abode.
fu^, a disciple;
tou^,
chih'^,
suddenly.
to advance.
shih^, to
move
1029
^^ ch'{h\ to go
1030
Jry
1031
^&
an apprentice.
full speed.
chao^, to seek.
ico\ I;
me.
quickly.
73
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
74
1032
3E hao^,
1033
Ê.
1036
kao^, cake.
yang^, disease.
TOe2*,
barbarians.
a river;
chiang^,
1037
^^
1038
^^
1039
^^
1040
"f
1041
So ^^
handsome.
~fL cKiang^, western shepherds;
3&
name of
a sm-name.
1034 -=j^
1035
a lamb.
^
^S.
;^fe
^'^
right; moral &c.
î5^*,
a surname.
7na^^, to
bury.
^^^ principle.
1042 ^b*-
cA^^*,
1043
^^^^-1
^^^
to nourish.
yc'-i^dî
to strike.
^ bind.
to choose.
1044 nSi^
lisiian^,
1045
cKiev}, to remove; to drive
away.

SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
76
1059
^>
1060
^^ mi\ honey.
1061
^^
1062 -^ST
1063
secret.
TO^'*,
cliung^, a
a bee.
f^f^'gî
-Q sMng^,
kind of locust;
Also written
a province; to save.
-1^
cKiao^, small birds.
1065
i^
/i5^^ until.
1066
VW^
^'^
Read
towards.
1067 'HE
yO'i^Sî
1068
i3ff
chiri}^
1069
JR
1070 .^S> -^
^.
tliink.
1064
prolific-
o*,
the ocean; foreign.
or cMng^, a ford.
abstruse; Austro-Hungarian-
ywe/i*,
the two
Kuang
provinces.
hsing^, to
10?1
1072
fyi
fwj
RBj
whi\
to ask.
cliien*',
numerative of rooms &c.
1073 -^\
wen^, to hear.
1074
hsieii?,
1075
1076
1077
|-P
)J|
?7
leisure; idle.
hsien^, to obstruct.
cKiang^, a wall.
From
cKuang^, a window.
s^, stingy.
Correctly written
1078
^m chung^, a cup.
See No. 549.
1079
g^ chung^, a
See No. 1175-
1080^^
1081
1082 3SI
1083
Sh
B]r|
bell.
ching^, a mirror.
5^l?^^^
very; wbat?
cA'f, be; sbe; it &c.
ss^^) this
tbat.
1084 IbIt
chH^, to deceive.
1085
ch'-p,
a period of time; to Lope.
)jj^

SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
?8|
1086 Kil
1087
1088
1089
1090
^jjjl
jff
V'^
1092
1093
g^
ig-
to
pour out; to
deliberate.
k'an^, personal investigation.
chan'^, glossy.
k'an}, to
P suan},
j^&
1091
chSri^-^,
be wortby
of.
soijr.
ts'u^,
vinegar.
fern'*,
drunk.
Tcan^,
diy.
CKieii}, of
Emperor Ch'ien Lung.
1094 ^vi
han^, to transact business.
1095 .^M
han', a pencil; tbe ân-lin-yiian.
,^^
han^, a surname.
1097 ^ffi
pien^, to distinguish between.
1096
1098fflJ:
pan*, to transact business.
1099^^
P^^'^^1
^^ 3.rgue.
tContinued-
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
80
Continued-
Ills jlty
1116
jjjfr|
1117 iljdt
i^
cAm'*, blessings; to pray.

yw*, divine protection.
Aw*, happiness.
1118i^
cAm^, to expel; seriatim.
1119
sui^-^,
1120
JW to\ to fall down.
1121 I^C-
1122
to accord with; to yield.
chui'^,
to
^ pa\ Q
tut
hang down.
:^ ff would
that!
1123 'ra^
se*,
colour; sensuahty.
1124
yi^,
a hamlet.
1125
1126
J^
3^f
sit,
Îjl
sAI*, to direct; to control.
ch'iao*, to prise
open.
1127 '^Hj
hsUn"^,
to enquire about.
1128
hsiinf',
to exsimiae judicially.
1129
hsun^, to teach.
See No. 1170.
IN CHINESE CHAHACTEE.
1130
1131
^^ chien^, to establish.
S^ shu*, perpendicular.
shuK a
rSame
^x cAm', important.
a eunuch.
^^
~^^
Hence ^
1132 l^>1133
1134
as above.]
child..
chien}, to oversee;
1135 jt&r
11^0
^^
^S
^^
a mirror.
1141
^^v
1142
^V cKuo^, a seal
tomorrow.
i*,
1138
hsi^-^,
â^, blue;
chie'nf',
a threshold.
^'a?i',
1137 î^-
1139
81
to practise.
chai^ or
cA'm^,
lu*',
to
fo'^,
a surname.
a surname.
kill.
Hence
cAii*,
to fear.
82

83
1160 -W^
mii, motlier.
1161
-flff^
1162
^j W, often.
1163
^W
1164 F|
Z^^,
a prohibitive
1166
^^
Û
particle.
slice.
ch'uang', a bed.
Read p'an^, numerative of j
tseng^ or ts'eng^, a sign of the past tense.
/im'"-*,
to
meet together; a
1168 ^"*r
chou^, last prince of the
1169
chiv}-^,
1170
1171 Has"
mei^, every.
to tread; antecedents.
pHen*', a
1165
1167 '@*'
iM^*,
Hence
Sbang dynasty.
to collect together.
See No. 1122.
fei\
fat.
the lungs.
/e2*,
guild.
See No. 569.
J^ >**, a good omen.

So ^{^ cKuai^% to
1173 j^ tuan^, correct.
1172
guess.
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
84
1174
^^
1175
^g fung^,
J^j
"IMt
c/i'tt*,
Hence
a brute.
a boy.
mieh'', to squint.
1177
yeh^, also;
even tben &c.
shih^-^,
a generation.
1179 yrtl
cJiHh^,
a pond.
1180
yjg*
hsieh^,
dysentery.
1181
yTJ
1182 ^>6f/ or
^CM*,
do not. Hence îj
^^
fe'M?^/,
"^ î\
1184
/^ Uaa'*, to calculate.
1186 igK
1187 JUbIJ
suddenly.
loera',
to cut one's tbroat.
hurry.
1183
1185 TKiL
hsif, to store.
See No. 1079.
1176 't7
1178
See No. 1077.
Fo^, class; rank; examinations.
cKing^, a
hsiang^,
village; a
title
neigbbourhood.
of bigli
officials.
85
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
cAwi/,
^^ huan^, calamity.
kindness.
^S,
1203^^
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
loyal.
$ cKuan^, connected.
Am'*,
^pk.
^S.
^^
1209 Hpp^
to
Ic'i-n?,
cA'^'*,
to reject.
3/e/i*,
leaves.
cliu'',
an
chii^,
to dwell.
J^
1211
1212
1^ chie,
1213
IS cKv},
Jp^
plough up.
See No. 269.
^ên^, to implore.
1210
1214
From
li^,
^
3S. ^
office;
a square on a chess-board.
a point of time.
a grievance.
unruly.
Hence
1215 fIIj
or
1216
or wu^^ bad; wicked.
3/a'*,
second.
lei^,
tears.

1217^g Am=,
1218 5E*
1220
1221
a pot.
k'un^-^,
yi\
3^
"gO^ sM^,
l2iQ/^
to hit the
to set
J^
chirp-,
1225
ch'ih^,
i^
1226 4'It'
Ft
P^'
1229
mark; to jump
From j^
weP-% dangerous.
See No. 975.
a pound; a catty.
^^^^^ ^'
to drive away; to scold.
*^^^
^ break.
cJiaf, to pull
down.
^^^'^^ joyful;
P^""^
^ Prince Kung'i8 name.
Sameasjfj^,
su^,
into.
to de^^.se.
hiei^, to kneel.
1224 Ft*'
1228 =
up
p'ao\ to run.
1223 Spi|
1227
women's apartments.
a servant.
^'oM^,
1222 Hjtt
87
to tell; to accuse.
88
î*
^fl'
^^
15
1242^^
^"^' ^ cart-wheel.
1243
kou^^ enough.; to reach.
1244
1245
1246
1247
BS.
>j
hu}, grain.
z*,
fortitude.
c7i(3M*,
to curse.
^'\ to weep.
1249
^^^
1260
îj
1251
ISjlI
1252
H^ ^^''^ brains.
1248
1253
^^
H^
^^*^5
Spain
Manila.
hung^, a palace.
^"<^N to scrape.
-sîwa^ to
la^,
'J*^
brush.
So ^^
?2ao',
the 12th moon.
Wrongly used
for
So 1^
1254
1255
'^1
'^^
89
to get angry.
â*,
fe/i*,
^^'^j to decline; to dismiss.
^^'"'*
o^ luan^, confusion.
a candle.
to hunt.

SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
90
1256
i'^
1257
kua*, to
hang up.
the cinnamon tree.
huei^,
1258
^p hua^, divination.
1259
iiT
260
^Q
feng^, to seal.
nien}-^,
- nieh},
1261
1262^^
to take with the fingers.
to
make up
false reports.
Hence j^feng^,
feng', to meet.
1263
2^
P'^f^g'^j
1264
jip
P'^^f, a plant; luxuriant.
1267
^g*
J g|
268
E^
1265
1266
269
270
g5
Mt
fe^
See No. 1272.
to sew.
sail.
yen', 3 to 5 p.
m.
yen', bribery.
yen^, to practise.
lo*,
^f'o^
the camel.
the camel.
to% a burden.
Read
^'o'',
to support.
1271
1272
|J^
Vj'
1273 "1 15
1276 ^p
T|5
]Â
jnJt
1280 Hi*
Hence
7cm\ ancient.
to dhine.
clian^-^,
hu^, because.
Hence:
chan^, to encroach.
1274 yJf|
cliav}-^^
to be steeped in.
1275 3'|*t
nien^"^,
to take with the fingers.
clian}-, felt.
Same
tien^,
1278
chan^, to stand up.
1279
t'ieh^-^'^,
î4
1982
^1^
*^
1283
as
^.
blemish; to disgrace.
1277
1281
91
a placard; a scroll.
to paste; attached to.
t'ieh^-^,
chan^ or nien', to stick; to paste.
nieri',
sticky.
Same
as preceding.
See also
No. 635.
^&
chien}-,
a few.
^^ chien}, note-paper. Also written )^

1285 ^^ chan?, numerative of lamps.
1284
1286
jf^
ch'ien^,
shallow.
[Continued-
SYNOPTICAL STUDIES
92
Continued
287/kj^^chan*, warehouse; godown.
288^^
chHen^,
289
H^
chien^, cheap.
290
x^
291 uffl!
294
>= .
295 =* .
296
297
298
299
ts'an', in
ruins ; faded.
sung
ha(/, a
a surname.
kind of plant.
kao^, a punt-pole.
hao^, a hair; a tittle.

kao^, rich food ; sticking-plaster.
kao^,
a rough draught.
hao^,
eminent
Same
as fj^.
a hero.
a bridge.
^g| same as ^
300,
301
*^^
*%^
^^
>^*
to tread upon.
kad^, high.
292
r^293;^
chien*^,
money.
cliiao^,
kad^, a
rough draught.

1302 ^î
1303^^*
^^
^*,
to change; easy.
1305
^M yo-ng^, to publish.
1306
*^ yang^, arbutus.
1307
Y& fang^, soup.
1308
nS cKang"^,
1310
^&
1311
\^
1313^^
1312
f BL
"
^^
HJ
1314 3^[|
1315
1316
y^f^gî
zinc;
hsi'^-'^,
tz'u*',
to bestow;
îj ^'\ to pick out;
j^ cKang^-^, an arena.
Y>^
^
^
^
yang^, the sun.
1304
1309
So
93
Hence
Same
tH\ to kick.
as
No. 1312.
fang'^, to dissipate.
entrails.
the sun.
Same
as No. 1303.
cKang*', hilarity.
sliang^,
a wound.
cKang"^-^,
an arena.
Same
as No. 1304.
sAa?z/, to die.
^'o^'*, to
^^^'^'
^^^'''
engrave; a
of an hour.
^ accuse to the Emperor.

to
owe
INDEX.
a
ai
No. 1215
53
an
ang
^
^
ao
cha
186
441
55
758
5,
674
55
117
55
297
f^
^
cKa
cliai
clCai
clian
55
02
850
Oontinued-
No. 1272
clian
cU
1200
184
206
55
246
55
502
1200
110
5,
501
55
242
5,
1273
55
1274
1276
1278
5,
1069
chang
55
cKang
1281
370
370
988
390
307
129
,5
90
55
137
55
133
5,
136
55
924
530
1304
894
1312
920
1139
5,
228
,5
1227
,5
^^
5,
730
1088
1285
1287
[Continued
55
chao
55
X
chi
m
m
1308
90
1310
112
111
1030
365
354
5,
5,
1226
855
INDEX.
96
No.
cA'e
cMn
iôrfi-
ch'en
is
chetig
it
cKeng
^
chi
3fe
INDEX.
cilia
ik
m
cliii
chiang
clUiang
m
m
n
lU
cliiao
cKiao
cliieh
No.
97
INDEX.
98
Continued-
Continued-
No.
chien
725
^
^
1283
803
1134
19
>,
63
1045
597
546
598
634
599
809
JS
chin
910
1286
1288
358
377
1068
293
nil
1133
1236
1224
714
486
600
515
802
713
879
466
1027
1^
cKin
728
802
ching
31
238
514
700
lor^
64
373
cKih
303
991
263
691
548
994
chill
1179
1225
721
cTiien
1284
1%
No. 1029
cKih,
251
1=1
,,
703
if
459
477
[Continued
A*
512
877
793
862
1080
1105
872
,,
876
INDEX.
100
No.
chueJi
cKueh
illor^-
chiin
chu
)}
ft
49
chui
1001
53
,,
419
cliui
977
cliun
970
593
745
cICiin
294
1115
cKu
cliuai
cJiuan
cKuan
%
IS
cliuang
cTiuang
372
378
553
1174
1173
418
399
131
399
41
1204
493
33
333
33
334
7i^9
333
339
,,
340
332
,,
1077
1165
749
33
33
1118
280
1121
538
cliung
No.
717
309
33
482
33
492
,3
549
1078
1079
3,
759
1061
1203
3,
70
33
33
483
33
3,
561
cliiivg
cKuo
If
33
715
3,
.S
...
it:**
en...
f5
fan
?2
707
33
1142
1216
33
125
505
3,
676
33
729
33
570
33
729
33
604
3,
645
608
609
[Continued
102
103
INDEX.
Continued
Coutinued-
No.
hsiang
1^
lisien
xfc
hsieh
n
m
%
K
T&K
991
766
932
1075
984
275
1047
348
1186
616
857
989
747
772
1228
182
617
hsin
618
1006
254
hsiao
No.
1074
,,
listen
461
1232
193
738
739
629
630
227
474
54
1180
1196
30
m
3>
hsing
t
hsiu
662
f*
952
305
316
320
990
545
[Continued-
lisiung
516
516
27
773
797
798
835
1063
87
81
218
679
60
INDEX.
104
Continued-
Continued-
No.
hsiung
hsu
Jisuan
m
lisun
iijor
615
No.
967
259
33
1050
883
33
1137
945
1038
1199
1245
663
672
1174
1302
152
jan
433
,,
1044
1107
519
jao
965
550
468
552
jen
201
769
jang
5e
830
ft
744
973
1127
1128
196
1129
196
>,
169
172
196
jeng
1230
820
99
1230
825
jih
709
704
1066
909
350
396
436
45
P
jou
591
786
2
939
860
308
jui
jung
1172
108
476
1144
475
260
[Continued
264
INDEX.
106
ft
kicai
Icuai
kuan
Kuan
^
kuei
kûei
kun
k'un
m
3'
kung
107
INDEX.
Continued
li
No. 1214
No.
lin
1041
935
224
225
931
ling
931
226
1237
356
357
lo
1268
439
^430
202
lianff
1021
lou
431
lu
1248
203
267
620
560
1104
1019
1162
15
u
liao
lieh
lien
511
178
426
682
893
463
179
1154
1184
luan
295
lueli
639
427
lu
621
427
622
992
623
995
930
543
1141
544
547
705
33
1155
luan
724
1255
723
296
lun
998
286
413
415
424
417
1154
424
35
lung
933
INDEX.
108
ma
No.
649
mai
220
1040
ro.
m
m
864
865
jj
man
1156
1022
Tnang
96
jj
58
nuw
23
mm
m
mxng
1108
91
298
mo
?*40
285
637
651
18
91
met
146
366
1034
mi
^
P
^
meng
39
mu
55
386
434
1059
S3
1060
miao
652
mieh
311
ti
1176
ft
7fC
INDEX.
na
nai
M
nan
nanff
nao
rmng
ni
)}
109
110
INDEX.
peng
No.
pi
7
piao
p'iao
pien
- m
...
...
gl
...
...
3)
...
^
w
m
INDEX.
fU
No,
408
sung
409
362
359
p')
*
m
407
567
111
slum
>>
shang
360
410
411
625
M
sal
san
so
918
916
132
136
1311
1313
969
554
101
692
934
698
527
479
529
1112
784
1221
1123
1226
1240
661
1125
200
451
su
sMn
104
1229
268
sun
737
she
452
209
1020
skao
394
sui
1293
627
SOU
suan
856
1233
557
,,
626
sa
No.
1090
sMng
i\
951
606
612
1081
794
927
562
537
1119
494
912
496
[Contmued
112
114
115
INDEX.
No.
tui
Si
No.
299
279
301
279
33
240
66
tsao
464
tun
fun
471
tsao
279
tse
IK
,3
111
33
510
114
tung
518
869
35
551
922
33
720
886
887
iwng
689
983
1175
983
isei
3,
261
1166
tseng
tso
565
33
1200
tsa
535
tsai
153
tsou
743
tsôu
3,
isu
1054
1056
1058
343
1106
345
585
775
i/i
375
341
231
ts'ai
233
m
tsavg
33
485
1057
1091
1092
tsui
208
tsun
33
601
873
35
33
602
ts'un
3,
230
33
3,
232
33
33
V42
tsung
558
1291
ts'an
ts'u
485
438
342
3>
3,
783
56
116
INDEX.
No.
ts'unc/
tzit
ff
^
5
te'w
70
m
wang
H
*
INDEX.
Continued
117
Continued-
yao
No.
844
106
1151
986
4fc
699
1577
yeh
yen
m
m
m
yi
m
m
-H.
yi
No. 1124
m
yin
106
ying
1219
820
123
287
841
277
1209
351
624
754
1197
755
195
836
269
837
348
1147
1145
753
1146
1148
1265
1149
1267
50
1266
1150
1159
969
364
,,
381
yo
513
123
658
659
123
255
21
313
244
285
888
891
327
892
367
913
395
779
[Continued
yu
,,
18
94
315
315
[Continued
INDEX.
118
Continued-
yu
No.
414
yu
553
1003
1018
86
'88
553
832
433
yuan
863
313
619
763
770
948
582
46
yueli
785
1070
yun
69
423
970
213
1^
420a
yung

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111/

CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

Cornell University Library.

There are no known copyright

the United States on the use of the

Compliance with current

copyright law, Cornell University

Library produced this

replacement volume on paper

irreparably deteriorated original.

CHARLES WILLIAM WASON

CHARLES WILLIAM WASON

Cornell University Library

3 1924 023 428 042

EDWARD HARPER PARKER,

WKITTEN LANGUAGE OF ,CHTNA.

of the written language of China is invariably

racters which, differing perhaps only

for association of ideas,

but require in each

mnemonic effort. This last difficulty

particular instance a separate

K'ang Hsi's chapter on |l|fa,

For, judging from

the collections above mentioned, the blunders of the native are

on the other hand,

often at a loss to distinguish between

the phonetic or the radical either to their sound or sense.

such a class are

which would find no place in native

collections of like characters.

frequently harassed by characters which bear but a faint re-

each other in mere form, but which are aUke in

sound and tone and perhaps somewhat similar in meaningj he is

from their possessing a common pho-

but to the meaning of which the radical in

not the slightest clue.

Several of these phonetic

inserted in this volume at the risk of entrenching upon gTound

foreign students has been embodied in the present collection,

Further, although this volume

bitterness of Chinese is past.

The advantages of an Index will, it is hoped, be too patent to

ya^, forked; a slave-girl.

But "^ mao^, a

yi?, in; at;

fu^, tbe eartb.

mo*, tlie end.

met* J a younger sister.

send; cA'a\ difference.

k'o\ to be able to sustain.

ch'ung^, to fulfil the duties of.

See No. 69.

See No. 1052.

ch'ov}, to pull out; to levy.

to give birtli to; to nourish.

huang^, a vital part of the body.

Also read wang^.

yao\ the waist.

chao^ or chua^, claws.

doubtful; as; even &c.

palm of the Land.

ch'ang^, to taste ; to try.

p'ien^, inclined towards.