: RAM

ROM

:

:
:
:
:

 :
2016/2017
?RAM ROM
ROM Read :
Only Memory


.. ..

RAM Random Access

Memory





) Random Access Memory (RAM



RAM
) serial access memory (SAM



RAM
RAM


bit 8
Byte

.


RAM
DRAM - Dynamic random access memory -1

 SRAM - Static random access memory -2

cache
FPM DRAM - Fast page mode dynamic -3
random access memory



176
EDO DRAM - Extended data-out dynamic -4
random access memory


264
SDRAM - Synchronous dynamic random -5
access memory




528

RDRAM - Rambus dynamic random access -6
memory
Rambus channel 800
100 133

Credit Card Memory -7

DRAM notebook

 PCMCIA Memory Card -8

notebook DRAM
FlashRAM -9

VRAM VideoRAM -10 multiport
)dynamic random access memory (MPDRAM

multiport
RAM SAM

RAM

pin configuration
) dual inline package (DIP

2


printed circuit board
) (PCB memory
bank
) small outline J-lead (SOJ


.
8x32 4x16

8
4x32 4
32 4 32 128

 8 128 8 16
.
SIMM
single in-line memory module
pin -30 9 2
16
8
SIMM
16
SIMM 8
8 16
SIMM
pin -72 11 2.5 .

dual in-line memory module
) (DIMM pin -168 14 2.5
8 256
. SIMM
Rambus in-line memory
) ,module (RIMM DIMM
. DIMM


small outline dual in-line memory module
) (SODIMM 5 2.5 pins 144
16 256
VRAM
8
32 :

 -1
-2
-3
-4
RAM


:
-1
-2


2 3 10 15

64 128 ) $ 16
(
/95/98 32
64
NT/2000 64
128
Linux 4
64



) Read-Only Memory (ROM



.



.
Cache

10

1


L2
L1
L1 L2
.

)
(

:
-1
-2
-3


45



ROM



diode
1


.
ROM
:
ROM -1
PROM -2
EPROM -3
EEPROM -4
:
-1
) ( .
-2
)
(
EPROM

 EPROM Erasable Programmable

) Read-Only Memory (EPROM

ultraviolet (UV) light


.
PROM
PROM programmable read-only
) memory (PROM

fuse

1
1
programmer
1

.
EEPROM
Electrically Erasable Programmable
) Read-Only Memory (EEPROM
:
-1
-2
-3