Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Inconel Alloy X 750 PDF
Inconel Alloy X 750 PDF
com
Silicon.........................................................................0.50 max.
Temperature,
F
Mean Linear
Thermal
Expansion, in./in./F x
Conductivity,
10-6 from 70 F to
Btu/in./hr/sq ft/F
Temperature Shown
-250
-200
-100
70
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
a
6.5
6.6
6.7
7.0
7.2
7.5
7.8
8.1
8.4
8.8
9.3
9.8
67
70
74
83
89
98
109
120
131
143
154
164
Specific Heat
Btu/lb/F
Diffusivity,
sq ft/hr
Electrical
Resistivity,
ohm/circ
mil/ft
0.073
0.080
0.090
0.103
0.109
0.116
0.120
0.125
0.130
0.137
0.151
0.171
0.150
0.143
0.135
0.132
0.133
0.140
0.148
0.158
0.169
0.173
0.172
0.164
731
739
746
761
771
783
786
775
761
Material heat-treated 2100F/3 hr, A.C., + 1550F/24 hr, A.C., + 1300F/20 hr, A.C.
Resistivity,
ohm/circ mil/ft
759
763
Tension
Dynamic
Static
31.0
28.7
25.0
23.0
21.0
18.5
31.0
29.1
26.7
25.5
24.4
23.2
22.1
20.0
11.0
10.2
9.0
8.1
80
500
1000
1200
1350
1500
1600
1800
724
739
Torsion
Static
Mechanical Properties
INCONEL alloy X-750 may be given any one of a variety of heat treatments. Each develops special properties and puts the
product form in the best condition for its intended application. In all conditions, alloy X-750 is resistant to oxidation up to
1800F. The most often used heat treatments have been incorporated by the Society of Automotive Engineers in their AMS
specifications* for various product forms. The heat treatments, specifications, and product forms are summarized in Table 6.
*AMS specifications are subject to revision. The ones referenced in this publication were current when it was released. Publisher is the Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.
Table 6 - Applicable Heat Treatments for INCONEL Alloy X-750 Product Forms
Product Form
AMS
Specifications
Heat Treatment
5667
5670,
5671,
&
5747
-
5668
5542
5698
5699
5699
5598
5582
Remarks
Size,
in.
Tensile
Strength,
ksi
Yield
Strength
(0.2%
offset), ksi
Elongation
in 4D,
%
Reduction
of Area
%
Under 4.0
4.0 and over
165.0
160.0
105.0
100.0
20
15
25
17
This heat treatment is described by AMS 5667, which requires that material so heat-treated have the following minimum
room-temperature properties. Hardness will lie in the range of 302-363 BHN.
Stress, ksi
Cycles to Failure
Figure 3. High-temperature fatigue strength of 5/8-in.-dia. hotrolled material equalized and precipitation-treated (1625F/24 hr
+1300F/20 hr).
Time, hr
Stress, ksi
Stress, ksi
Cycles to Failure
Figure 4. Fatigue strength of 3/4-in. hot-rolled bar equalized and
precipitation-treated (1625F/24 hr, A.C.,+ 1300F/20 hr, A.C.). R.R.
Moore rotating-beam tests at 10,000 rpm. Kt=3.4.
Temperature, F
Figure 2. High-temperature fatigue strength (108 cycles) of bar.
Rotating-beam tests (3450 rpm).
85a
300a
400
800
1000
1100
1200
a
174.0
168.3
165.5
156.0
152.0
153.5
136.5
118.5
113.3
111.5
107.5
105.0
105.5
103.0
26.8
26.0
26.0
26.5
25.5
19.0
10.0
45.4
44.1
42.7
44.8
40.7
22.0
17.7
30.2
31.3
29.1
25.9
23.2
26.4
21.7
Average of 2 tests.
Stress, ksi
Yield Strength
(0.2% Offset),
ksi
Elongation,
%
Reduction
of area,
%
Room
600
800
1000
1100
1200
1350
1500
184.0
169.0
166.0
163.5
159.0
143.0
107.0
65.4
126.0
116.5
114.0
115.0
112.0
110.0
98.3
64.7
25.0
23.0
24.0
20.0
10.0
7.0
6.0
17.0
41.5
35.0
39.0
25.0
13.0
7.8
10.0
19.5
Stress, ksi
Temperature, F
Smooth Specimen
Time, hr
Notched Specimen
Figure 7. Rupture life of bar equalized and precipitationtreated (1625F/24 hr, A.C., + 1300F/20 hr, A.C.). Smooth
bar, 0.3-in. dia. x 1 in. long; notched bar, 50% 60 V-notch,
0.005-in. root radius.
Cycles to Failure
Figure 5. Pull-pull fatigue strength of 1-in. hot-rolled rod equalized
and precipitation-treated (1625F/24 hr, A.C., + 1300F/20 hr, A.C.).
120
p
ee
Cr
p
ee
%
Cr
0.5
2% eep
0.
Cr
1%
0.
100
Stress, ksi
2.0
%
1.0
Cr
%
Cre eep
ep
80
60
22
24
26
1200F
1200F
1100F
1100F
1000 hr life
0
20
1100F 1200F
100 hr life
1000F
20
1000F
10 hr life
1000F
40
28
30
Larsen-Miller Parameter
P = (460 + T) (15 + log t) x 10-3 (T - test temp., t - life, hr)
Figure 8. Creep and rupture strength of hot-rolled bar equalized
and precipitation-treated (1625F/24 hr. A.C., +1300F/20 hr, A.C.).
140
Stress, ksi
120
100
Smooth
80
60
40
20
Notched
104
105
106
107
Cycles to Failure
108
Size,
in.
Tensile
Strength,
ksi
Under 2.50
2.5 to 4.00, excl.
4.0 and over
170.0
170.0
Yield
Elongation
Strength
in 2 in.,
(0.2%
%
offset), ksi
115.0
115.0
18
15
Reduction
of Area
%
18
15
21/32
7/8
1
1
3/16
3/16
3/8
1
1
1
2
2
2
15/16
199.0
196.0
194.0
192.5
193.5
191.0
194.5
197.0
187.5
190.0
189.5
192.5
195.0
195.5
190.5
190.5
188.0
189.0
198.0
196.5
190.5
190.5
189.5
189.5
184.0
184.5
180.5
184.0
146.0
149.0
139.0
139.0
137.5
140.0
140.0
146.0
130.5
139.0
134.5
137.5
132.5
138.5
136.0
136.5
132.8
132.0
141.0
142.0
129.5
131.0
138.5
140.5
135.0
137.5
128.5
137.0
25.0
24.0
27.0
25.0
25.0
22.0
24.0
21.0
25.0
22.0
24.0
23.0
25.0
26.0
24.0
23.0
27.0
26.0
24.0
25.0
26.0
25.0
22.0
21.0
23.0
22.0
24.0
23.0
41.5
42.3
46.4
47.7
38.5
38.8
40.2
42.8
41.8
35.4
39.5
41.0
43.2
43.5
43.0
43.0
46.0
45.0
42.0
46.3
43.0
40.5
30.5
21.5
38.0
36.0
35.0
38.0
36.0
38.0
38.0
39.0
38.0
39.0
40.0
40.0
33.0
39.4
39.0
40.0
35.0
42.0
38.0
37.0
34.0
40.0
41.0
40.0
40.0
41.0
39.0
39.0
38.0
39.0
34.0
38.0
Table 13 - High-Temperature Tensile Properties of -in.-dia. HotRolled Round Solution-Treated & Precipitation-Treated (1800F/1
hr, A.C. + 1350F/8 hr, F.C. to 1150F, Hold at 1150F for Total
Precipitation-Treating Time of 18 hr, A.C.) a
Test
Temperature,
F
Tensile
Strength,
ksi
Yield
Strength
(0.2%
offset), ksi
Elongation,
%
Reduction
of Area,
%
Room
600
800
1000
1100
1200
1350
1500
195.5
178.0
173.0
168.5
157.5
143.0
114.0
77.3
140.0
131.5
131.5
128.0
126.5
122.5
107.0
76.8
24.0
21.0
21.0
13.0
8.0
6.0
5.0
10.0
40.5
41.0
38.0
18.0
11.0
8.0
8.0
13.5
Solution-Treated
0.875
21
26
31
27
25
30
1.250
1.937
36
37
38
36
36
36
Temperature,
F
Tensile
Strength,
ksi
Yield
Strength
(0.2%
offset), ksi
Elongation
in 2 in.,
%
Reduction
of Area,
%
85
400
600
800
174.0
168.0
160.5
159.0
115.0
113.2
107.5
106.5
27.5
29.0
30.0
31.0
41.0
40.0
37.0
42.0
31.8
28.3
28.3
26.6
21.9
22.9
187.5
185.5
179.0
175.5
172.0
142.5
130.5
134.0
133.5
132.5
129.2
120.0
25.0
22.5
24.5
24.5
16.0
6.0
41.0
35.8
36.5
37.5
26.0
9.5
Condition
Tensile
Strength,
ksi
Yield Strength
(0.2% offset),
ksi
Elongation,
%
Reduction of
Area,
%
80
80
800
800
1000
1000
124.0
122.5
109.0
108.0
102.5
103.5
87.0
85.8
80.5
79.0
78.5
79.5
21
20
21
19
17
18
39.2
44.5
35.0
42.0
34.0
30.2
80
80
800
800
1000
1000
174.5
173.0
151.0
151.5
146.0
145.5
127.0
127.5
120.0
121.5
124.0
116.5
16
15
15
15
13
10
21.5
30.0
27.8
32.4
27.8
27.0
80
800
1000
124.0
104.0
98.0
86.5
71.7
69.2
38
40
33
48.7
43.8
42.3
Notched
(60V, 0.037 in.
deep, 0.005 in.
radius)
a
b
Room
Temperature
Hardness, Rc
Temperature,
F
Tensile
Strength,
ksi
Yield Strength,
ksi
33
32
34
34
33
35
35
36
79
-104
-320
-423
78
-104
-320
-423
173.5
186.0
208.8
208.15
200.5
200.0
218.5
225.0
101.5
115.0
118.0
130.0
Elongation
in 1 in.,
%
25.0
22.5
19.0
14.5
Average of 2 tests. Source: Materials for Use at Liquid Hydrogen Temperature, ASTM Special Publication No. 287, p. 108 (1960).
0.2% offset except initial yield point at -423F.
Reduction
of Area,
%
28.5
25.7
19.0
14.5
80
70
Stress, ksi
160
180
Tensile Strength
140
120
60
1200F
1000F & 1350F
50
Room
40
100
150
0F
Reduction of Area
40
Elongation
20
100
0
200
400
Figure 10. High-temperature tensile properties of bar triple-heattreated (2100F/2 hr, A.C., + 1550F/24 hr, A.C., + 1300F/20 hr, A.C.).
1000F
80
1200F
120
0F
60
135
0F
40
1300F
20
300
280
Hardness, BHN
108
Cycles to Failure
60
107
106
Stress, ksi
Ductility, %
80
260
240
0.1
1.0
10
100
1000
10,000
Time, hr
Figure 13. Relaxation of bar triple-heat-treated (2100F/2 hr, A.C., +
1550F/24 hr, A.C., + 1300F/20 hr, A.C.).
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
Test Temperature, F
100
300
500
700
900 1100 1300
Temperature, F
1500 1700
Figure 11. High-temperature hardness of hot-rolled material tripleheat-treated (2100F/4 hr + 1550F/24 hr + 1300F/20 hr.).
-320
-109
75
400
800
1000
1200
1350
1500
1600
9
80
8
F
1200
Stress, ksi
1500F
20
0
0.001
0.10
1.0
Creep, %/1000 hr
10.0
0.
5%
Cr
ee
p
0.
1%
100.0
3
0.01
0.1
1
Time, hr
10
100
200
1000F
1100F
100
80
160
140
1200
F
60
Stress, ksi
1500
F
1600
F
20
80
40
18
00
F
100
60
17
00
F
10
No
tch
Smo
Bar
oth B
ar
No
Smo
tch
oth B
ar
Ba
r
No
tch
Ba
r
Smooth
Bar
Not
ch B
ar
Smoo
th Bar
120
1350
F
40
Stress, ksi
0.
2%
1600F
0.01
5%
2%
1350F
e
ur
pt
Ru ary
rti
Te
40
1%
Stress, ksi
60
1100F
1200F
1350F
1500F
20
1
10
100
1000
Time, hr
1.0
10
100
1000
90
10,000 100,000
1.0%
T.S.
Rupture Life, hr
80
0.2%
Plast
ic St
rain
2.0%
T.S.
70
Ru
ptu
re
0.3%
T.S.
60
0.25% T.S.
50
0.2% Total Strain (All Elastic)
40
0.15% Total Strain (All Elastic)
30
1
10
10
100
Time, hr
1000
10,000
70
1.0%
T.S.
0.5% T.S.
60
0.5
%
30
0.2
%
0.25% T.
S.
T.S
.
T.S
.
Ru
pt
ur
e
40
20
Stress, ksi
Stress, ksi
50
Ru
ptu
re
30
0.1%
T.S.
10
20
0.05% T.S.
0.2% Plastic Strain
0.03% Total Strain (All Elastic)
10
0
0
1
10
100
Time, hr
1000
10,000
10
100
1000
Time, hr
10,000
100,000
Tensile
Strength,
ksi
Yield
ElongaStrength
Hardness,
tion in 2
(0.2%
Rc
in., %
offset), ksi
Tensile
Strength,
ksi
Yield
ElongaStrength
Hardness,
tion in 2
(0.2%
Rc
in., %
offset), ksi
Annealed Condition
Strip
Strip
Under 0.010
140 max.
20 min.
Under 0.010
150 min.
155 min.
155 min.
165 min.
105 min.
20 min.
32 min.
155 min.
100 min.
20 min.
30 min.
60 max.
65 max.
30 min.
40 min.
40 min.
30 min.
(0.005 & over)
15 min. 30 min.
15 min. 30 min.
11
Tensile
Strength, ksi
Yield Strength,
(0.2% offset), ksi
Elongation, %
110.0
100.5
91.0
83.0
77.0
57.0
35.0
46.5
35.0
35.0
54.5
67.5
32.0
27.5
51
55
55
23
6
11
45
Room
900
1000
1200
1350
1500
1600
Tensile
Strength, ksi
Yield Strength,
(0.2% offset), ksi
Elongation, %
Room
400
800
1000
1100
1200
1300
1500
177.0
167.0
151.0
154.0
135.0
123.0
110.0
80.3
122.5
112.0
107.0
112.0
105.5
105.5
100.0
76.4
27.0
30.0
33.0
26.0
10.5
6.0
3.5
11.0
245.0
310.0
Yield
Strength,
(0.2%
offset), ksi
233.0
266.0
Sharp-Edge
Notch Tensile
Strength, ksi
180.0
202.0
0.7
0.65
Longitudinal
Transverse
Longitudinal
Transverse
170.5
166.0
116.0
116.0
179.5
180.0
124.0
128.0
0.062-in.
26.5
28.0
0.125-in.
26.0
26.0
Notched
Ratio,
Temper- Orienta- Tensile
Yield ElongaTensile
Notched
ature,
tion
Strength Strength tion
Strength /Unnotched
F
F
ksi
ksi
%
T.S.
ksi 1
78
78
-100
-100
-320
-320
-423
-423
1
Kt = 6.3.
Longitudinal
Transverse
Longitudinal
Transverse
Longitudinal
Transverse
Longitudinal
Transverse
174
174
189
214
212
233
234
118
118
122
130
130
134
139
25.5
25.0
30.0
31.0
30.0
30.0
31.0
168
168
174
175
184
184
199
201
0.97
0.97
0.92
0.86
0.87
0.85
0.86
29.7
30.5
127.0
130.0
30.4
31.0
Tensile Properties
Table 19 - Low-Temperature Tensile Properties of Annealed Sheet
(0.063-in.) Precipitation-Treated 1300F/20 hr, A.C.
121.0
122.5
Orientation
Tensile
F
Strength,
ksi
Longitudinal
Transverse
Average2
165.0
170.5
171.5
166.0
172.0
175.0
170.0
Yield
Strength
(0.2%
offset),ksi
115.0
116.0
116.0
116.0
114.5
122.0
116.6
Hardness,
Rc
36
36
36
35
36
Single
Shear
Double
Shear
123.5
125.0
123.0
122.5
123.5
111.0
111.5
112.5
112.0
112.5
111.5
113.0
113.0
112.1
Figure 21 compares tensile and crack-propagation properties of precipitation-treated sheet from -200 to 1000F. These data
show that alloy X-750 is quite notch-insensitive over this wide temperature range.
Room-temperature compressive properties of annealed and precipitation-treated sheet of varying thickness are shown in
Table 21. Shear strength of annealed and precipitation-treated sheet at room temperature and -423F is in Tables 22 and 23.
Table 24 shows some data on bearing strength, resistance to sheet tearing, at room and elevated temperatures.
Room-temperature fatigue strength of cold-rolled, annealed, and precipitation-treated sheet is shown in Figure 22. Figure
23 illustrates Gerber and modified Goodman diagrams, which show the limiting values of combined alternating and steady
stresses for annealed and precipitation-treated sheet. Table 25 shows the superiority of alloy X-750s notch fatigue strength
over that of other materials at cryogenic temperature. Other fatigue-strength data at room temperature are in Figure 24.
Rupture life of cold-rolled annealed sheet under various test conditions is shown in Table 26, and a Larson-Miller
parameter plot in Figure 25.
12
Tensile
Strength, ksi
Room
-423
175.1
253.3
Ratio,
Shear Strength,
Shear Strength/
ksi
Tensile Strength
118.0
152.8
Distance
Test
from Pin TemperCenterline ature, F
to Edge
0.674
0.603
80
900
1200
1600
2.0 x Pin Dia.
80
900
1200
1600
175
165
152
69
222
218
175
70
170
160
Tensile Strength
150
Ratio of Bearing
Yield
Yield
Ultimate Strength/ Ultimate
Strength
Strength/
Strength,3 Tensile
(0.2%
Tensile
ksi
Yield
Strength
offset),2ksi
Strength
258
213
170
71.5
338
274
217
72
1.63
1.71
1.66
2.66
2.08
2.26
1.91
2.69
1.57
1.57
1.54
1.93
2.06
2.02
1.99
1.94
Stress, ksi
140
Net Fracture Stress
of Shear-Cracked
Specimens
130
200
180
Tensile Strength
Yield Strength
(0.2% offset)
110
100
-200
200
400
600
800
1000
Temperature, F
120
100
Goodman
Diagram
140
s
cle
cy
10
x.
a
n
m
S
ea
m
S
80
m
in
.1
07
cy
cl
es
120
160
60
40
20
0
-20
Stress, ksi
80
-40
40
20
0
60
20
40
60
80
40
20
Transverse
Longitudinal
Gerber
Diagram
Precipitation Treatment
: 1300F/20 hr, A.C.
: 1300F/8 hr,
F.C. to 1150F, Hold
at 1150F for total
time of 18 hr, A.C.
Alternating
Stress, ksi
100
105
106
107
Cycles to Failure
108
13
120
Smean = Smax
Smean = 0
110
100
Stress, ksi
90
80
No
tch
ed
Sm
oo
th
70
60
Sm
oo
th
No
tch
ed
50
40
30
20 4
10
105
106
107
108 105
106
Cycles to Failure
Cycles to Failure
107
Figure 24. Fatigue strength of smooth and notched specimens of cold-rolled annealed sheet precipitation-treated 1300F/20 hr (transverse
specimens).
Table 25 - Low-Temperature Notch Fatigue Strength1 of Sheet
80
Material
INCONEL alloy X-750
301 Stainless Steel
70/30 Brass
1075 Plain Carbon Steel
2800 (9% Ni) Steel
6 Al - 4V Titanium alloy
347 Stainless Steel
Nickel 200
MONEL alloy K-500
INCONEL alloy 600
Berylco 25 - AT (Be-Cu)
Berylco 25 - HT (Be-Cu)
NI-SPAN-C alloy 902
17-7 PH (RH950) Stainless Steel
70
Heat Treatment
1300F/20 hr, A.C.
2100F/2 hr, A.C.,
+1550F/24 hr, A.C.,
+1300F/20 hr, A.C.
60
Stress, ksi
50
40
30
Thickness, in.
0.031
10 hr life
1500F
1350F
34
1350F
36
60
31
36
44
46
32
47
18
43
40
33
35
46
32
64
44
39
29
37
27
50
21
48
40
39
47
45
45
67
49
30
37
37
67
37
48
47
43
45
57
57
38
40
1500/20
Larsen-Miller Parameter
P = (460 + T) (17.5 + log t) x 10-3 (T - test temp., t - time, hr)
Figure 25. Rupture life of cold-rolled, annealed, and precipitationtreated sheet.
0.093
1200/70
1350/40
1500/20
14
-423F
1500F
32
1200F
1000 hr life
0
30
1500F
1350F
1200F
1200F
100 hr life
-320F
20
10
-110F
Rupture Life, hr
21.5
17.0
42.8
49.5
40.4
43.9
72.3
98.9
130.4
116.8
63.7
77.6
Tensile
Strength,
ksi
Yield
ElongaStrength
Hardness,
tion in 2
(0.2%
Rc
in., %
offset), ksi
Annealed Condition
Tensile
Strength,
ksi
Yield
ElongaStrength
Hardness,
tion in 2
(0.2%
Rc
in., %
offset), ksi
Strip
Strip
Up to 0.010, excl.
140 max.
18 min.
Up to 0.010, excl.
155 min.
160 min.
170 min.
115 min.
18 min.
32 min.
160 min.
105 min.
18 min.
30 min.
75 max.
75 max.
30 min.
35 min.
In comparison to the 1300F/20 hr, A.C., treatment, furnacecool precipitation treating results in increases in tensile
strength and yield strength which extend to about 1300F. It
decreases ductility but not significantly. There is little
difference in stress-rupture properties at 1200, 1350, and
1500F produced by the two treatments. Typical hightemperature tensile properties of annealed and furnace-cool
precipitation-treated sheet are shown in Table 27. Rupture
life at 1200, 1350, and 1500F is in Table 28. See Table 29
for room-temperature impact properties.
Thickness, in.
0.031
Room
400
800
1000
1100
1200
1300
1500
186.5
176.5
162.0
155.0
145.0
132.5
115.0
82.0
Yield Strength
(0.2% offset),
ksi
132.0
123.0
120.0
116.0
116.5
113.0
103.5
77.2
Test Conditions,
F/ksi
1200/70
1350/40
1500/20
0.093
Tensile
Strength, ksi
1200/70
1350/40
1500/20
Elongation,
%
25.0
25.0
29.5
25.0
9.0
4.2
3.0
12.0
30 min.
(0.005 & over)
12 min. 30 min.
Rupture Life, hr
24.6
16.8
43.6
58.2
55.5
49.9
83.6
103.0
131.8
118.3
76.5
83.2
Keyhole Notch
47.5
50.5
40.5
34
48.5
31
35
26
24
28.5
15
Seamless Tubing
Method
of
Coiling
Thermal
Treatment,2
F/hr
HELICAL SPRINGS
No. 1
Cold
1350/16
70
70
70
70
70
70
Hot
1350/16
70
70
70
70
70
70
Spring
Spring
Cold
Cold
90
55
90
55
85
55
FLAT SPRINGS
No. 1
Spring
Spring
Hot-Finished
Hot-Finished
70
70
70 60703
70 65- 60- 55703 653 603
85
55 55 55 55
50553
50553
55
45503
45503
55
40453
40453
55
25303
25303
50
50
40
30
90
80
70 60
70
80
70
80
70
80
70
60
70
60
70
60
70
60
70 70
60 60
70
50
40
30
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60 60
Data based on stress to produce 5% relaxation in 7 days. Helical springs, because of their configuration, are loaded in shear, and design stresses are based
on maximum shearing stress. The design of flat springs, however, normally involves tensile stresses; therefore, values for flat springs do not consider shear
strength.
2
After coiling or fabrication.
3
Use lower value for minimum rate of relaxation and higher value where some initial relaxation and a higher rate of relaxation can be tolerated.
16
Temper
Heat
Treatment,
F/hr,
A.C.
AMS Specification
Service
Temp.,
F
No.
Min.
Tensile
Strength,
ksi
Size, in.
(inclusive)
No. 1
155
165
220
200
180
150
145
Temper
Solution
Treatment,
F/hr
Spring
2100/2, A.C.
Spring
Spring
No. 1
Precipitation
Treatment,
F/hr
1550/24,A.C.
+1300/20, A.C.
2100/1, A.C. 1400/4, A.C.
None
1350/16, A.C.
None
1350/16, A.C.
Proportional
Limit
(Shear),
ksi
Shear
Modulus,
103 ksi
67.5
54.0
93.5
90.5
11.1
11.1
11.2
9.9
Yield Strength
(0.2% Offset),
ksi
Diameter, in.
Proportional Limit
(0.2% Offset),
ksi
Diameter, in.
Elongation
in 2 in.,
%
Diameter, in.
Modulus of
Elasticity, 103 ksi
Tension
Torsion
24
53
30.6
31.0
11.3
11.3
13.0
16.0
25.0
14
16
19
30.2
31.2
30.4
11.7
11.6
11.7
1.6
33.0
26.0
10.2
11.0
8.0
1.0
1.0
30.8
31.6
31.0
11.2
12.2
11.9
0.020
0.229
0.020
0.229
0.020
0.229
0.020
0.229
139
120
145
110
68
43
119
42
40
34
56
24
30.0
34.0
158
202
178
166
204
176
93
141
109
101
159
136
65
93
77
64
91
81
269
130
233
51
137
37
154
274
298
104
268
293
81
168
173
17
18
16
1100F, 60 ksi
14
12
1100F, 50 ksi
Relaxation, %
10
1100F,
1100F,
1000F,
1100F,
10
40
60
20
ksi
ksi
ksi
ksi
1000F, 50 ksi
1000F, 20 ksi
1000F, 40 ksi
1000F, 10 ksi
4
800F,
800F,
800F,
800F,
800F,
10
15
20
70
60
50
40
20
25
ksi
ksi
ksi
ksi
ksi
30
35
Time, day
Figure 26. Relaxation of springs cold-coiled from No. 1 Temper wire
(precipitation-treated at 1350F/16 hr).
16
1300F, 30 ksi
1100F, 60 ksi
14
12
1300F, 25 ksi
1100F, 55 ksi
10
Relaxation, %
1300F, 20 ksi
8
1200F, 40 ksi
1200F, 30 ksi
1200F, 20 ksi
1300F, 15 ksi
4
1100F, 40 ksi
1100F, 50 ksi
1100F, 30 ksi
0
0
10
15
20
25
Time, day
Figure 27. Relaxation of springs cold-coiled from triple-heat-treated
Spring Temper wire (2100F/2 hr, A.C., +1550F/24 hr, A.C., +
1300F/20 hr, A.C.).
5.0
Relaxation, %
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000
Time, hr
Figure 28 - Relaxation at 1000F vs time of Spring-Temper, tripleheat-treated springs. (Stresses corrected for curvature; modulus
corrected for temperature.) Loaded at 60 ksi.
20.0
16.0
Relaxation, %
12.0
8.0
4.0
0
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000
Time, hr
Figure 29 - Relaxation at 1100F of Spring-Temper, triple-heattreated springs. (Stresses corrected for curvature; modulus
corrected for temperature.) Loaded at 50 ksi.
Condition
14.0
Modulus Damping
Decrement
of
Rigidity, in Torsion
x 10-4
103 ksi
10.50
10.95
12.30
6.01
11.91
11.21
11.24
10.06
9.12
7.16
11.77
6.66
11.80
4.79
12.0
Relaxation, %
Size,
in.
20 ksi
10.0
8.0
30 ksi
6.0
4.0
2.0
0
11.80
10.07
4.75
8.89
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000
Time, hr
Figure 30 - Relaxation at 1200F vs time of Spring-Temper, tripleheat-treated springs. (Stresses corrected for curvature; modulus
corrected for temperature.)
19
24.0
70
Stress, ksi
80
Relaxation, %
20.0
16.0
60
hr
/20
F
00
13
r
4h
F/
00
11
lled
Ro
ldCo
As
28.0
50
12.0
40
8.0
106
4.0
107
108
Cycles to Failure
0
0
500
5000
Time, hr
Figure 31 - Relaxation at 1300F of Spring-Temper, triple-heat-treated
springs. (Stresses corrected for curvature; modulus corrected for
temperature.) Loaded at 20 ksi.
Corrosion Resistance
INCONEL alloy X-750 is resistant to a wide variety of
industrial corrosives under both oxidizing and reducing
conditions. It resists oxidation and attack by other hightemperature corrosion mechanisms. For information on
specific media, consult the Special Metals publication,
INCONEL alloy 600 on the Special Metals website,
www.specialmetals.com. The performance of alloy X-750
will be similar.
In hot corrosion tests for automotive applications,
weight loss after exposure for 100 hours in 90% Na2SO4 +
10% NaCl mixture in air was about 5%. Samples precoated
with sodium chloride (by dipping in a hot saturated salt
solution), suspended in a furnace at 1700F and exposed for
100 hr to a moving gas stream of air containing 1% SO2
exhibited a corrosion penetration of approximately 0.007 in.
An interesting feature of this alloy is its high resistance
to chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking even in the fully
precipitation-hardened condition. Standard U-bend
specimens of precipitation-hardened material (hardness, 33
Rc) showed no signs of cracking when exposed to boiling
42% magnesium chloride for 30 days.
20
Metallography
INCONEL alloy X-750, which contains aluminum and
titanium, is made precipitation-hardenable by the
combination, during heat treatment, of these elements with
nickel to form gamma prime (), the intermetallic
compound Ni3 (Al, Ti).
When alloy X-750 is solution-treated at 2100F, the
number of dislocations and crystal defects are reduced, and
and soluble carbides go into solution. For best results, the
material should be in a fairly heavily worked condition prior
to the treatment to ensure rapid and complete
recrystallization. Once the material has been solutiontreated, it should not be subjected to any cold work since it
will generate new dislocations and thus impair rupture
properties.
Creep resistance of alloy X-750 stems from the uniform
dispersion of intragranular ; whereas rupture properties are
more closely related to grain-boundary area microstructure.
During the 1550F/24 hr stabilization treatment of the triple
heat treatment, fine appears in the grain interiors and
M23C6 is precipitated in the grain boundary; adjacent to the
grain boundary is a zone denuded of . On precipitation
treating (1300F/20 hr), has precipitated in this denuded
zone. particles arrest the motion of moving dislocations,
thereby increasing tensile and creep-rupture properties.
During M23C6 transformation at 1550F, the carbon is
essentially stabilized, without leaving chromium-depleted
areas at the grain boundaries. This stabilization improves the
resistance of nickel-chromium alloys to attack by certain
corrosive media.
By lowering the precipitation temperature from 1350F
to 1150F, as described for certain specific heat treatments,
additional can be caused to nucleate in smaller particles,
increasing the hardening effect and thereby improving
tensile properties.
Working Instructions
Heating and Pickling
Hardness
Condition
As-Rolled or As-Forged
Hot-Worked+1300F/24 hr, A.C.
2100F/2 hr, A.C.
2100F/2 hr+1550F/24 hr, A.C.
2100F/2 hr+1550F/24 hr, A.C.+
1300F/20 hr, A.C.
1625F/24 hr, A.C.
1625F/24 hr, A.C.+1300F/20 hr, A.C.
1800F/1 hr, A.C.+1350F/8 hr, F.C. to
1150F, Hold at 1150F for Total Time
of 18 hr, A.C.
BHN
Rockwell
228-298
313-400
140-277
200-277
20C-32C
34C-44C
77B-29C
13C-29C
262-340
200-298
302-363
26C-37C
13C-32C
32C-40C
32C-42C
0.00300
2150F Anneal
0.00275
0.00250
2100F Anneal
0.00225
0.00200
2050F Anneal
2000F Anneal
0.00175
0.00150
0.00125
1900F Anneal
0.00100
0.00075
12 18 24 30 36 42
48 54 60 66 72
Time, min
Figure 33. Effect of high-temperature thermal treatments on grain
size of wire.
40
1300F
1400F
1200F
30
Hardness, Rc
1100F
20
10
16
24
32
40
48
56
Aging Time, hr
Figure 34. Effect of precipitation-hardening conditions on hardness of
solution-treated (2100F) material.
21
180
4 hr
Tensile Strength
2 hr
Tensile Strength
160
190
1 hr
Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)
150
140
140
0
F.C. 25F/hr
F.C. 100F/hr
F.C. ~200F/hr
12
16
Stress, ksi
Stress, ksi
200
1300F/20 hr
1300F/20 hr
120
4 hr
2 hr
100
Yield Strength
1 hr
Pickling: Heat-treated INCONEL alloy X-750, like nickelchromium alloys in general, forms oxide films even when
80
heated and cooled in atmospheres that keep other types of
alloys bright. (It can be bright-annealed only in very dry
hydrogen or argon, or in a vacuum.) Oxide or scale is
therefore the usual surface condition for pickling.
60
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
Pretreatment in a fused salt bath is strongly
recommended for most effective removal of scale. Various
Aging Temperature, F
pretreatment baths are described in detail in the Special
Figure 35. Effect of precipitation-treating conditions on roomMetals publication Fabricating on the website,
temperature tensile properties of annealed sheet.
www.specialmetals.com. A nitric-hydrofluoric acid pickling
bath, however, can be employed directly for removal of some types of scale. INCONEL alloy X-750 is subject to intergranular
attack in this solution, particularly if the alloy is in the precipitation-hardened condition. Time in bath should be kept to a
minimum. Bath temperature is critical; maximum temperature should not exceed 125F. The pickling tank must be properly
ventilated because the fumes are toxic. For appropriate pickling procedures refer to the Fabricating publication mentioned
above.
Scale can be successfully mechanically removed by barrel tumbling, fine-grit and vapor blasting.
Fabricating
INCONEL alloy X-750 is readily fabricated by processes
common to industry. Procedures and tools must be selected
that will be appropriate for its high strength and
characteristic strain-hardening rates. Care must be taken to
ensure that material is in the condition recommended for a
specific operation. The Special Metals publication
Fabricating on the SMC website, www.specialmetals.com,
should be consulted before hot or cold forming is
undertaken.
Hot Forming: Sufficiently powerful equipment is important
when hot-forming alloy X-750 because of its resistance to
deformation.
The recommended temperature range for hot working
alloy X-750 is 1800-2200F range. All heavy hot working
should be done above 1900F. Forgings can be finished with
some light reduction in the 1800-1900F range. Below
1800F the metal is stiff and hard to move, and attempts to
22
500
625
y
EL allo
INCON
400
less Steel
Type 304 Stain
0
5
7
8
X
y 71
alloy
allo
NEL
EL
y 600
INCO
ON
EL allo
C
O
C
IN
IN N
loy 400
MONEL al
300
Nickel 200
200
Mild Steel (1020)
Copper
100
Aluminum
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Cold reduction, %
Figure 37. Effect of cold work on hardness.
Machining
INCONEL alloy X-750 is machined at practical and
economical rates. Recommended procedures, tooling, and
conditions are discussed in the Special Metals publication
Machining on the website, www.specialmetals.com.
Because of precipitation-hardened alloy X-750s high
strength and hardness, rough machining is usually done
before precipitation hardening. Finish machining then
follows precipitation treating. Precipitation hardening
relieves machining stresses; therefore, allowance must be
made for possible warpage. A slight permanent contraction
takes place during precipitation treating, but precipitationtreated material has good dimensional stability. Accurate
dimensions and a good finish will result from following
these practices.
Joining
70
Threaded after Heat Treatment
Stress, ksi
60
50
Threaded before Heat Treatment
40
30
105
106
107
Cycles to Failure
108
Welding processes recommended for alloy X-750 are gastungsten-arc, plasma-arc, electron-beam, resistance, and
pressure-oxyacetylene welding.
In welding INCONEL alloy X-750 by the gas-tungstenarc process, INCONEL Filler Metal 718 is used. Joint
efficiencies are nearly 100% at room temperature and 80%
at 1300-1500F, based on the results of stress-rupture tests.
General recommendations for achievement of best results
may be found in the Special Metals publication Joining on
the website, www.specialmetals.com. Typical tensile
properties of welded plate from -423 to 1500F are shown
in Figure 39.
23
220
200
Stress, ksi
180
160
Tensile Strength
140
120
100
Yield Strength
(0.2% Offset)
80
Elongation, %
60
30
20
10
Elongation in inch
0
20
10
0
-423
Elongation in 2 inches
24
200
400
The data contained in this publication is for informational purposes only and may be
revised at any time without prior notice. The data is believed to be accurate and
reliable, but Special Metals makes no representation or warranty of any kind (express
or implied) and assumes no liability with respect to the accuracy or completeness of
the information contained herein. Although the data is believed to be representative of
the product, the actual characteristics or performance of the product may vary from
what is shown in this publication. Nothing contained in this publication should be
construed as guaranteeing the product for a particular use or application.
25
BRIGHTRAY
CORRONEL
DEPOLARIZED
DURANICKEL
FERRY
INCOBAR
INCOCLAD
INCO-CORED
INCOFLUX
INCOLOY
INCONEL
INCOTEST
INCOTHERM
INCO-WELD
KOTHERM
MONEL
26
NILO
NILOMAG
NIMONIC
NIOTHERM
NI-ROD
NI-SPAN-C
RESISTOHM
UDIMAR
UDIMET
601GC
625LCF
718SPF
725NDUR
800HT
956HT
27
www.specialmetals.com
U.S.A.
United Kingdom
Special Metals Wiggin Ltd.
Holmer Road
Hereford HR4 9SL
Phone
+44 (0) 1432 382200
Fax
+44 (0) 1432 264030
France
Affiliated Companies
Germany
Special Metals Deutschland Ltd.
Postfach 20 04 09
40102 Dsseldorf
Phone
+49 (0) 211 38 63 40
Fax
+49 (0) 211 37 98 64
Hong Kong
Canada House
Bidavon Industrial Estate
Waterloo Road
Bidford-On-Avon
Warwickshire B50 4JN, U.K.
Phone
+44 (0) 1789 491780
Fax
+44 (0) 1789 491781
India
Italy
China
The Netherlands
Singapore
Special Metals Pacific Pte. Ltd.
24 Raffles Place
#27-04 Clifford Centre
Singapore 048621
Phone
+65 6532 3823
Fax
+65 6532 3621
Rescal SA
DAIDO-SPECIAL METALS
Ltd.