S GIO DC V O TO

HI DNG

THI CHNH THC

K THI CHN HC SINH GII TNH LP 9 THCS

Nm hc: 2013 - 2014
MN: HA HC
Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht
Ngy thi: 20 thng 3 nm 2014
( ny gm 05 cu, 01 trang)

Cu I (2,0 im)
1/ Cho mt mu Na vo dung dch c cha Al 2(SO4)3 v CuSO4 thu c kh A, dung dch B v kt ta
C. Nung kt ta C n khi lng khng i thu c cht rn D. Cho H 2 d i qua D nung nng c
cht rn E (gi s hiu sut cc phn ng t 100%). Ha tan E trong dung dch HCl d th E ch tan
mt phn. Gii thch th nghim bng cc phng trnh phn ng.
2/ Cho hn hp X gm: Ba; Na; CuO v Fe2O3. Trnh by phng php tch thu ly tng kim loi t
hn hp X v vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
Cu II (2,0 im)
1/ Vit cc phng trnh phn ng theo s chuyn ha sau v ghi iu kin phn ng (nu c):
Axit axetic (1) Magie axetat (2) Natri axetat (3) Metan
(8)

(4)

Ru etylic (7) Cloetan (6)

Etilen (5)
Axetilen
2/ Cho 5 cht kh: CO2, C2H4, C2H2, SO2, CH4 ng trong 5 bnh ring bit mt nhn. Ch dng hai
thuc th, trnh by phng php ha hc phn bit mi bnh trn v vit cc phng trnh phn ng
xy ra. Cc dng c th nghim c .
Cu III (2,0 im)
1/ Chia 78,4 gam hn hp X gm FeO, Fe 2O3 thnh hai phn u nhau. Cho phn th nht tc dng ht
vi dung dch HCl d, thu c 77,7 gam hn hp mui khan. Phn th hai tc dng va ht vi 500
ml dung dch Y gm hn hp HCl, H 2SO4 long, thu c 83,95 gam hn hp mui khan. Xc nh %
khi lng ca mi cht trong X v tnh nng mol/lt ca dung dch Y.
2/ un nng hn hp X gm C2H4, H2 c xc tc Ni, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp kh Y. Bit t khi
hi ca X so vi kh hiro l 7,5 v t khi hi ca Y so vi kh hiro l 12. Cc th tch kh o cng iu
kin nhit v p sut. Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo th tch cc kh c trong hn hp X v Y.
Cu IV (2,0 im)
1/ Kh hon ton 4,06 gam mt oxit kim loi M bng 3,136 lt CO (ktc) nhit cao thnh kim loi
v kh X. T khi ca X so vi H 2 l 18. Nu ly lng kim loi M sinh ra ho tan ht vo dung dch
cha m gam H2SO4 98% un nng th thu c kh SO 2 duy nht v dung dch Y. Xc nh cng thc
ca oxit kim loi v tnh gi tr nh nht ca m.
2/ Cho m gam hn hp G gm KHCO 3 v CaCO3 tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long, d. Hp th
ton b lng kh CO2 sinh ra vo 200 ml dung dch cha hn hp gm KOH 1M v Ca(OH) 2 0,75M
thu c 12 gam kt ta. Tnh m.
Cu V (2,0 im)
t chy hon ton 12 gam cht hu c A ch thu c hn hp kh v hi gm CO 2, H2O. Dn ton b
sn phm chy vo bnh dung dch Ca(OH) 2 d thy c 40 gam kt ta trng v khi lng dung dch
gim 15,2 gam so vi khi lng ca dung dch Ca(OH) 2 ban u. Bit rng 3 gam A th hi c th
tch bng th tch ca 1,6 gam oxi cng iu kin nhit v p sut.
1/ Xc nh cng thc phn t, cng thc cu to ca A, bit A phn ng c vi CaCO 3.
2/ Hn hp G gm X (C2H2O4), Y. Trong X v Y c cha nhm nh chc nh A. Cho 0,3 mol hn
hp G tc dng vi NaHCO 3 d thu c 11,2 lt kh (ktc). Nu t chy hon ton 0,3 mol hn hp G
cn 16,8 lt O2 (ktc), ch thu c 12,6 gam nc v 44 gam CO2. Vit CTCT thu gn ca X v Y. Bit Y
c mch cacbon thng, ch cha nhm chc c hiro v khi cho Y tc dng vi Na d th thu c
n H nY phn ng.
Cho: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23, S = 32, Cl = 35,5, K = 39, Ca = 40, Cr = 52, Fe = 56, Cu = 64, Zn = 65.
--------------Ht-------------H v tn th sinh: S bo danh:...........
Gim th coi thi s 1:.Gim th coi thi s 2:..............
2

Cu

HNG DN CHM
THI CHN HC SINH GII LP 9
MN THI: HA HC
(Hng dn chm gm 05 trang)
p n
1,0
Cho Na vo dd Al2(SO4)3 v CuSO4, Na:
Na + H2O NaOH + 1/2H2
6NaOH + Al2(SO4)3 2Al(OH)3 + 3Na2SO4
CuSO4 + 2NaOH Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
Al(OH)3 + NaOH NaAlO2 + 2H2O.
V kt ta C thu c sau khi nung nng sau kh bng H 2 d, ri cho
cht rn thu c tc dng vi dd HCl thy cht rn tan mt phn chng t
kt ta C c Al(OH)3.
Vy kh A l H2, dd B cha Na2SO4, c th c NaAlO2. Kt ta C cha
Cu(OH)2, Al(OH)3, Cht rn D c CuO, Al2O3. Cht rn E gm Cu, Al2O3
Cu(OH)2 t CuO + H2O
2Al(OH)3 t Al2O3 + 3H2O
CuO + H2 t H2O + Cu
Al2O3 + 6HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
1,0
Cho hn hp X vo nc d, lc thu ly hn hp A gm CuO, Fe2O3 v ddB
Dn H2 d, nung nng qua hn hp A ta thu ly Cu v Fe
H2 + CuO t Cu + H2O
3H2 + Fe2O3 t 2Fe + 3H2O.
Ho hn hp vo dung dch HCl d, lc thu ly Cu v ddC
Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2
Nh dung dch NaOH d vo dung dch C, lc kt ta nung trong khng kh
n khi lng khng i, dn H 2 d qua nung nng. Sau phn ng hon
ton thu c Fe
FeCl2 + 2NaOH 2NaCl + Fe(OH)2
2Fe(OH)2 + 1/2O2 t Fe2O3 + 2H2O
Fe2O3 + 3H2 t 2Fe + 3H2O
Cho Na2CO3 d vo ddB:
Ba + 2H2O Ba(OH)2 + H2
Na + H2O NaOH + 1/2H2
Na2CO3 + Ba(OH)2 BaCO3 + 2NaOH
Lc thu ly kt ta v ddD, cho kt ta vo dd HCl d; c cn ly BaCl2;
pnc thu ly Ba
BaCO3 + 2HCl BaCl2 + H2O + CO2
BaCl2 pnc Ba + Cl2
Cho dung dch HCl d vo ddD, c cn thu ly NaCl, pnc thu ly Na
NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O
Na2CO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
2NaCl pnc 2Na + Cl2
1,0

Biu im

0,25

0,25
0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

(1) 2CH3COOH + Mg (CH3COO)2 Mg + H2

(2) (CH3COO)2 Mg + 2NaOH 2CH3COONa + Mg(OH)2
(3) CH3COONa + NaOH CH4 + Na2CO3
c , l ln C2H2 + 3H2
(4) 2CH4 1500
0

0,25

0,25

0,25
0,25

(5) C2H2 + H2 Pd / PbCO 3 C2H4

(6) C2H4 + HCl C2H5Cl
(7) C2H5Cl + NaOH t C2H5OH + NaCl
giam
CH3COOH + H2O
(8) C2H5OH + O2 men
1,0
Ly mi kh mt t dng lm th nghim
Dn t t tng kh vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2 d, hai mu c kt ta trng l
CO2, SO2 (nhm I).
SO2(k) + Ca(OH)2(dd) CaSO3 + H2O
CO2(k) + Ca(OH)2(dd) CaCO3 + H2O
Cn li khng c hin tng g l cc kh CH4, C2H4, C2H2 (nhm II)
Dn tng kh nhm I v dung dch brom d, kh lm nht mu dd brom th
l SO2.
SO2(k) + 2H2O + Br2(dd) H2SO4(dd)
+ 2HBr(dd)
Kh cn li l CO2.
Dn tng kh nhm II n d vo cc bnh tng ng cha cng mt lng
dung dch brom (gi s a mol Br 2), kh khng lm mt mu dung dch brom
l CH4, hai kh lm mt mu dung dch brom th l C2H4, C2H2,
CH2Br - CH2Br (1)
C2H4 + Br2(dd)
a
a
CHBr2 - CHBr2 (2)
C2H2 + 2Br2(dd)
a/2
a
Cn li 2 bnh dd brom b mt mu trn. Bnh no nng hn (tng 28a
gam) th kh dn vo l etilen, bnh cn li (tng < 26a gam) th kh dn vo
l axetilen.
1,0
PTHH: FeO + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2O
(1)

Fe2O3 + 6HCl
2FeCl3 + 3H2O
(2)
FeO + H2SO4 FeSO4 + H2O
(3)
Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O (4)
Gi trong mi phn c: x mol FeO v y mol Fe2O3
78, 4
72 x 160 y
39, 2 (*)
2
Theo (1): nFeCl nFeO x mol
Theo (2): nFeCl 2nFe O 2 y mol
Ta c:
mmui khan mFeCl mFeCl 77, 7 gam

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

2 3

127 x 162,5.2 y 77, 7

0,25

127 x 325 y 77, 7 (**)

x 0,1
T (*) v (**)
y 0, 2
0,1.72
% mFeO
.100% 18,37% v%mFe2O3 81, 63%
39, 2

Gi trong 500 ml dd Y c: a mol HCl v b mol H2SO4

Theo (1), (2), (3) v (4): nH O 0,5nHCl nH SO 0,5a b (mol )
Bo ton nguyn t oxi: nH O nFeO 3nFe O 0,1 3.0, 2 0, 7 mol
0,5a + b = 0,7 (I)
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng:
2

0,25

2 3

0,25

mphn2 mHCl mH 2 SO4 mmui khan mH 2O

39, 2 36,5a 98b 83,95 18.0, 7
36,5a 98b 57,35 (II)
a 0,9
T (I) v (II)
b 0, 25
0,9
0, 25
CM ( HCl )
1,8M ; CM ( H 2 SO4 )
0,5M
0,5
0,5

1,0
Gi a, b ln lt l s mol ca C2H4, H2 c trong X
Ta c:
28a 2b
MX
7,5.2(g)
ab
a=b
% C2H4 = %H2 = 50(%)
Gi x l s mol C2H4 phn ng:
Nit
C2H4 + H2
C2H6
Trc p: a
a
(mol)
Phn ng: x
x
x (mol)
Sau p: (a x) (a x)
x
(mol)
28(a x) 2(a x) 30x
MY
12.2(g)
(a x) (a x) x
x = 0,75a
n C H n H a 0,75a 0, 25a(mol)

0,25

n C H 0,75a(mol)
% C2H4 = %H2 = 20 %
% C2H6 = 60 %
2

0,25

0,25

1,0
Gi cng thc ca oxit cn tm l MxOy (x,y N*)
PPTH: MxOy + yCO t
xM + yCO2 (1)
M X = 36 X c CO d
Tnh c s mol CO2 = 0,07 mol = s mol CO phn ng
mol MxOy = 0,07/y x*MM + 16*y = 58*y MM = (2y/x)*21
Xt bng:
2y/x
1
2
8/3
3
MM
21
42
56
62
loi
loi
Fe (t/m)
loi
CT: Fe3O4
S mol Fe = 0,0525 mol
2Fe + 6H2SO4 c t
Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O
Fe + Fe2(SO4)3 3FeSO4
Tnh m = 10,5 gam.
1,0
CaCO3 + H2SO4 MgSO4 + CO2 + H2O
(1)
2KHCO3 + H2SO4 K2SO4 + 2CO2 + 2H2O (2)
S mol KOH = 1. 0,2 = 0,2 (mol)
S mol Ca(OH)2 = 0,2. 0,75 = 0,15 (mol)
S mol CaCO3 = 12 : 100 = 0,12(mol)
Phn ng gia CO2 v dung dch KOH, Ca(OH) 2 thu c kt ta nn xy ra
0

0,25

0,25
0,25

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hai trng hp:

TH1: Phn ng ch to mt mui CaCO3 do phng trnh :
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 CaCO3 + H2O
(3)
Theo (3): nCO nCaCO 0,12(mol )
Theo (1) v (2): S mol G = tng s mol CO2 = 0,12 mol mG = 12 gam
TH2: Phn ng to thnh hai mui th xy ra cc phng trnh sau:
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 CaCO3 + H2O
(4)
Ca(OH)2 + 2CO2 Ca(HCO3)2
(5)
KOH + CO2 KHCO3
(6)
Theo (4): nCa ( OH ) nCO nCaCO 0,12( mol )
2

0,25

Theo (5): nCO2 2nCa (OH )2 2(0,15 0,12) 0, 06(mol )

Theo (6): nCO2 nKOH 0, 2(mol )
5

0,25

0,25

Theo (1) v (2): S mol G = tng s mol CO2 = 0,38 mol mG = 38 gam
1,0

O2

1,6
0,05mol. Theo bi do cc kh cng iu kin nhit , p sut
32

nn t l v th tch bng t l v s mol ca chng. Vy s mol A trong 3

gam A bng s mol oxi.
3
n A nO 0,05mol MA =
60 g
0,05
12
0,2mol
S mol trong 12 gam A em t chy l
60
40
nCaCO
0,4mol
100
Theo bi, kh CO2 v nc hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2 d,
khi lng dung dch sau phn ng gim 15,2 gam so vi khi lng dung
dch Ca(OH)2 em dng.
Vy: mCaCO (mCO mH O ) 15,2 gam
7,2
mH O = 40- (0,4*44 + 15,2) = 7,2 gam nH O
0,4mol.
18
6,4
0,4mol.
mO (trong 12 gam A) = 12 - 0,4(12 + 2) = 6,4 gam nO
16
Vy A l hp cht hu c cha C, H, O.
nC : nH : nO = 0,4 : (0,4.2) : 0,4 = 1:2:1 Cng thc GN ca A l CH2O.
Cng thc phn t A l (CH2O)n Ta c 30n = 60 n= 2.
Vy cng thc phn t ca A l C2H4O2.
Theo bi A phn ng c vi CaCO3. Vy A l axit, CTCT: CH3COOH.
CaCO3 + 2CH3COOH (CH3COO)2Ca + CO2 + H2O.
1,0
Gi CT chung ca G l R(COOH)x
Vit phn ng vi NaHCO3
Xc nh x = 1,67 G gm:
(COOH)2 v R1COOH
Tnh s mol X = 0,2, Y = 0,1
Tnh mG = 32,6 gam mY = 14,6 gam, My = 146
Tnh s mol cc nguyn t trong Y: nC = 0,6, nH = 1, nO = 0,4
CTPT ca Y: C6H10O4.
Y tc dng vi Na d th thu c n H nY phn ng Y phi c thm 01
nhm OH
V Y mch thng, cha 1 nhm -COOH, 1 nhm -OH, c CTPT l C 6H10O4

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0,25

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0,25

v ch cha cc nhm chc c H Y c 04 CTCT tha mn

Vit 01 CTCT ca X: HOOC-COOH
Vit 04 CTCT tha mn.
OHC-CH(OH)-(CH2)3-COOH;
OHC-CH2- CH(OH)-(CH2)2-COOH;
OHC-(CH2)2-CH(OH)-CH2-COOH; OHC-(CH2)3-CH(OH)-COOH;

Tng

0,25
10,0

Ghi ch: - Hc sinh lm cch khc ng chm im tng ng.

- Phng trnh ha hc c cht vit sai khng cho im, thiu iu kin hoc khng cn bng
tr 1/2 s im ca pt . Nu tnh ton lin quan n pt khng cn bng th khng c tnh im.