SPIDERWEB

BySergioOaxaca

A spiders web is a complex process that

needs manycellstomakeitatinypieceofsilk
or the strongest substance in the world. The
spiders gland have spinneret that are like
machines that create the spiders web, the
core of a spiders web is a protein: named
Spidroin. The spiders gland is unique,
because its a Exocrine gland meaning that it
secretes its products through ducts opening
onto an epithelium rather than directly into
the bloodstream. The gland is separated into
two sections, A zone and B zone. In the
Azone the spiders cells have secretory
vesicles that store in the protein that allow
the ribosomes to create the new Spidroin
protein, each is lined up in narrow filaments.
Those in the B zone use the protein, have a
hexagonal shape that secretes the webs thin
coat.

After all the thin webs has been made, and is

developing it stumbles upon the Epithelium,
one of the four basic types of animal tissues.
Spiders glands are made upofepithelialcells
that have four structures: squamous,
columnar, and cuboidal which are made for
secretion, selective absorption, protection,
transcellular transport, and sensing. These
epithelialcellsmakefibroin,aproteinthatlike
fiber,helpsmakethewebstronger.

These epithelial cells act like dialysis

membrane letting some things be added to
the web to make it durable like, water and
sodium ions out of the Endoplasmic
reticulum, and potassium ions, surfactants
and lubricants into the Endoplasmic
Reticulum to accelerate thread formation.
The spigot (a peg in the spinneret) stripsoff
the last of the Endoplasmic reticulum
solvents,makingthewebflawless.

Lastly as the web has thickened by all the

ions and proteins, its just one step away
from exiting to the outside world. As its
about to exit, like my mom always says put
on a sweater before you leave the house,
singleflask gland cells add an extra coating
to the web thus making it more durable.
Theres a valve that is specialised for
pumping water to restart spinning after
rupture of the web. This isduetohavingtall
cells of mitochondria producing energy,
apical microvilli increasing the surface area,
and apical surface surrounded oftheplasma
membrane . Finally the spigots lips seal the
duct totherealworld.Tomakethestrongest
material in the world takes a long and
flawless process many cellscontributetothe
cruxofthewebs.