APPENDIX 4 TABLES

Metric Conversion Tables

Base Units .................................................................................................................4-3

Decimal Prefixes ........................................................................................................4-3
Derived Units .............................................................................................................4-3
Project Definition........................................................................................................4-4
Area, Length, and Volume Conversion Factors .........................................................4-5
Civil and Structural Engineering Conversion Factors.................................................4-6
Metric/English Area Conversion.................................................................................4-7
Drawing Sizes ............................................................................................................4-7
Units for Structural Steel Design................................................................................4-8
Metric Bolt Designation ..............................................................................................4-8
Structural Steel for Bridges ........................................................................................4-9
Reinforcing Steel .......................................................................................................4-10
Hard Conversions for Construction Materials.............................................................4-11
Sieves ........................................................................................................................4-12
Areas of Circular Segments...................................................................................................4-14
Areas of Circular Segments...................................................................................................4-15
Areas of Circular Segments...................................................................................................4-16
Areas of 90 Fillets ................................................................................................................4-17
Areas of Fillets Other Than 90 .............................................................................................4-18
Volume of Cylinder Tank .......................................................................................................4-19
Culvert Pipe Fill .....................................................................................................................4-20
English Culvert Pipe-Arch Embankment Areas as Ft2 ...........................................................4-21
English Elliptical Culvert Pipe-Arch Embankment Areas as Ft2 .............................................4-22
English Circular Culvert Pipe Embankment End Areas as Ft2 ...............................................4-23
Metric Circular Culvert Pipe Embankment End Areas as m2 .................................................4-24
Metric Culvert Pipe-Arch Embankment Areas as m2..............................................................4-25
Metric Elliptical Culvert Pipe-Arch Embankment Areas as m2................................................4-26
Weights of Prestressed Concrete Bearing Pile .....................................................................4-27
Steel Pipe Pile Data ..............................................................................................................4-27

Appendix 4 - 1

Appendix 4 - 2

Base Units
Quantity
length
mass*
time
electric current
temperature
luminous intensity

Unit
meter
kilogram
second
ampere
kelvin
candela

Symbol
m
kg
s
A
K
cd

* Weightin common practice often is used to mean mass.

Decimal Prefixes
Prefix
nano
micro
milli
kilo
Mega
Giga

Symbol

Order of
Magnitude

m
k
M
G

10-9
10-6
10-3
103
106
109

Expression
0,000,000,001 (1 billionth)
0.000001 (one millionth)
0.001 (one thousandth)
1000 (one thousand)
1,000,000 (1 million)
1,000,000,0000 (1 billion)

Derived Units
Quantity
frequency
force
pressure, stress
energy, work, quantity of heat
power, radiant flux
electric charge, quantity
electric potential
capacitance
electric resistance
electric conductance
magnetic flux
magnetic flux density
inductance
luminous flux
illuminance

Name
hertz
newton
pascal
joule
watt
coulomb
volt
farad
ohm
siemens
weber
tesia
henry
lumen
lux

Appendix 4 - 3

Symbol
Hz
N
Pa
J
W
C
V
F

S
Wb
T
H
lm
lx

Expression
Hz = s-1
N = kgm/s2
Pa = N/m2
J = Nm
W = J/s
C = As
V = W/A or J/C
F = C/V
= V/A
-1
S = A/V or
Wb = Vs
2
T = Wb/m
H = Wb/A
lm = cdsr
lx = lm/m2

Project Definition
Quantity
Surveying

Length
area

plane angle

Excavating
Haul

Paving
Concrete

Drainage

length
volume
distance
volume
mass
length
area
length
area
volume
temperature
water capacity
mass (weight)
x-sectional area
length
area

volume
discharge
velocity
slope

Metric Unit
kilometer, meter
square kilometer
hectare
square meter
degree
minute
second
meter, millimeter
cubic meter
kilometer
cubic meter
metric ton
meter, millimeter
square meter
meter, millimeter
square meter
cubic meter
degree Celsius
liter
kilogram, gram
square millimeter
meter, millimeter
hectare
square meter
square kilometer
cubic meter
cubic
meter/second
meter/second
millimeter/meter

Appendix 4 - 4

Symbol

English
Unit

km, m
km2
ha
m2

m, mm
m3
km
m3
t
m, mm
m2
m, mm
m2
m3
C
L
kg, g
mm2
m, mm
ha
m2
km2
m3
m3/s

mile, foot
square mile
acre
square foot

foot, inch
cubic yard
mile
cubic yard
English ton
foot, inch
square yard
foot
square foot
cubic yard
F
gallon, MG
pound
square inch
foot
acre
square foot
square mile
square foot
cubic foot/s

m/s
mm/m

foot/second
feet/foot

Area, Length, and Volume Conversion Factors

From
Inch-Pound
Units

Quantity

Length

* mile (U.S. Statute)

mile (international)
yard
foot
* foot (U.S. Survey)
inch

Area

Volume

* square mile (U.S. Statute)

* acre

To
Metric
Units

Multiply
By

m
km
m
m
m
mm
mm

1609.347
1.609344
0.9144
0.3048
0.30480061
304.8
25.4

2.589998
4046.873
0.4046873
0.83612736
0.09290304
645.16

square yard
square foot
square inch

km
2
m
2
ha (10,000 m )
2
m
2
m
2
mm

acre foot
cubic yard
cubic foot
cubic foot
cubic foot
100 board feet
gallon
1000 gallons
cubic inch

m
3
m
3
cm
3
L (1000 cm )
3
m
3
L (1000 cm )
kL (1000 L)
3
cm
3
mm

1233.4894
0.7645549
28316.85
28,31685
0.02831685
0.235974
-3
3.785412 x 10
3785412.
16387.064

Note: Underline denotes exact number.

* Any data, in feet, derived from and published as a result of geodetic surveys will
remain with the U.S. Survey foot including all stationing, land measure, and
coordinate conversions.
The U.S. Survey foot, as established in the U.S. Metric Law of 1886, is based on the
relationship of 1 m = 39.37 inches or 1 foot = 1200/3937 m. All conversion factors for
units of land measure in this table referenced to this footnote (*) are based on the
U.S. Survey foot.

Appendix 4 - 5

Civil and Structural Engineering

Conversion Factors

Mass/unit length

From
Inch-Pound
Units
lb
kip (1000 lb)
ton
plf

kg
megagram (1000 kg)
MG
kg/m

Multiply
By
0.4535924
0.435924
0.9071847
1.488164

Mass/unit area

psf

kg/m2

4.882428

Mass density

pcf

kg/m3

16l01846

Force

lb
kip

N
kN

4.448222
4.448222

Force/unit length

plf
klf

N/m
Kn/m

14.59390
14.59390

Pressure, stress
modulus of elasticity

psf
ksf
psi
psi

Pa
kPa
kPa
Mpa

47.88026
47.88026
6.894757
0.006894757

Bending moment,
torque, moment of
force

ft-lb
ft-kip
in-lb

Nm
kNm
Nm

1.355818
1.355818
0.1129848

Moment of mass

lb-ft

kgm

0.138255

Moment of inertia

lb-ft

Second moment
of area
Section modulus

Quantity

Mass

To
Metric
Units

kgm

0.0421401

in
4
ft

mm4
4
m

416,231.4
0.008630975

in3

mm3

16,387.064

Note: Underline denotes exact number.

Appendix 4 - 6

Metric/English Area Conversion

To Convert
Quantity

From

To

Length

Meter (m)
Foot
Acre
Acre

Foot
Meter (m)
Hectare (ha)
Square Meter (m2)

Multiply
By
3937/1200=3.280833 ft/m
0.30480061 m/ft
0.40468726 ha/Acre
4046.87260988 m2/Acre

Acre

Hectare (ha)
Square Meter (m2)
Hectare (ha)

Acre
Square Foot
Square Meter (m2)

2.47104393 Acre/ha
10.76386736 ft2/m2
10,000 m2/ha

Drawing Sizes
ISO
Designation
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4

Metric
Sheet Size
841 x 1189 mm
594 x 841 mm
420 x 594 mm
297 x 420 mm
210 x 297 mm

Appendix 4 - 7

Replaces
34 x 44 inches
22x34 inches
17 x 22 inches
11 x 17 inches
8 1/2 x 11 inches

Units for Structural Steel Design

Fraction
(in.)
1/16
1/8
3/16
1/4
5/16
3/8
7/16
1/2
5/8
3/4
7/8
1

Exact Conversion
(mm)
1.5875
3.175
4.7625
6.35
7.9375
9.525
11.1125
12.7
15.875
19.05
22.225
25.4

Rounded to:
(mm)
2
3
5
6
8
10
11
13
16
19
22
25

Metric Bolt Designation

Designation
M16
M20
M22
M24
M27
M30
M36

Diameter
(mm)
16
20
22
24
27
30
36

Appendix 4 - 8

Diameter
(in.)
0.63
0.79
0.87
0.94
1.06
1.18
1.42

Structural Steel for Bridges

Grade
S.I.

Grade
U.S.

205
250
250
275
310
345
345W
415
450
485W
620
655
690
690W
725
795
860
895
1000
1035
1105
1140
1240
1450
1795

30
35
36
40
45
50
50W
60
65
70W
90
95
100
100W
105
115
125
130
145
150
160
165
180
210
260

Appendix 4 - 9

Yield Strength
(MPa)
205
240
250
275
310
345
345
415
450
485
620
655
690
690
725
795
860
895
1000
1035
1105
1140
1240
1450
1795

Reinforcing Steel
Metric
Bar
Designation

U.S.
Customary
Designation
#3

Diameter
(in.)
0.375

Area
(in.2)
0.11

#4
#5

0.500
0.625

0.20
0.31

#6

0.750

0.44

#7

0.875

0.60

#8
#9

1.000
1.125

0.79
1.00

#10

1.270

1.27

#11
#14

1.410
1.693

1.56
2.25

#18

2.257

4.00

10

15
20
25

30
35

45
55

Appendix 4 - 10

Diameter
(mm)
9.5
11.3
12.7
15.9
16.0
19.1
19.5
22.2
25.2
25.4
28.6
29.9
32.3
35.7
35.8
43.0
43.7
56.4
57.3

Area
(mm2)
71
100
127
198
200
285
300
388
500
507
641
700
817
1000
1007
1452
1500
2500
2581

Hard Conversions for Construction Materials

Reinforcing Bars, M31M
Grade
Metric
Value
300
400

Tensile and Yield Strengths

English
Value
40
60

Tensile
Strength
(Mpa)
500
600

Minimum Yield
Strength
(Mpa)
300
400

Minimum Yield
Strength
(ksi)
40
60

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

Metric Value
Steel
Concrete

0.0000117/C
0.0000108/C

English Value
0.0000065/F
0.000006/F

Unit Weights
Metric Value
Steel
Concrete

7848.3 kg/m
2402.5 kg/m3

Appendix 4 - 11

English Value
490 pcf
150 pcf

Sieves
Sieve Designation, (W)
SI StandardB
125 mm
106 mm
100 mm
90 mm
75 mm
63 mm
53 mm
50 mm
45 mm
37.5 mm
31.5 mm
26.5 mm
25.0 mm
22.4 mm
19.0 mm
16.0 mm
13.2 mm
12.5 mm
11.2 mm
9.50 mm
8.00 mm
6.70 mm
6.30 mm
5.60 mm
4.75 mm
4.00 mm
3.35 mm
2.80 mm
2.36 mm
2.00 mm
1.70 mm
1.40 mm
1.18 mm
1.00 mm
850 m
710 m
600 m
500 m
425 m
355 m

Appendix 4 - 12

English
Alternative
5 in.
4.24 in.
4 in.
3 1/2 in.
3 in.
2 1/2 in.
2.12 in.
2 in.
1 3/4 in.
11/2 in.
1 1/4 in.
1.06 in.
1 in.
7/8 in.
3/4 in.
5/8 in.
0.530 in.
1/2 in.
7/16 in.
3/8 in.
5/16 in.
0.265 in.
1/4 in.
No. 3 1/2
No. 4
No. 5
No. 6
No. 7
No. 8
No. 10
No. 12
No. 14
No. 16
No. 18
No. 20
No. 25
No. 30
No. 35
No. 40
No. 45

Sieves (Continued)

Sieve Designation, (W)

SI StandardB
300 m
250 m
212 m
180 m
150 m
125 m
106 m
90 m
75 m
63 m
53 m
45 m
38 m
32 m
25 m
20 m

Appendix 4 - 13

English
Alternative
No. 50
No. 60
No. 70
No. 80
No. 100
No. 120
No. 140
No. 170
No. 200
No. 230
No. 270
No. 325
No. 400
No. 450
No. 500
No. 635

Areas of Circular Segments

b

Given: rise, b x chord, c x coefficient for b/c

Example. Given: rise = 2.10 and chord = 5.65.
b/c = 2.10/5.65 =0.3717
Coefficient by interpolation = 0.7354
Area = b x c x coeffi. = 2.10 x 5.65 x 0.7354 = 8.7255

Coefficient

b/c

Coefficient

b/c

Coefficient

b/c

Coefficient

b/c

1
2
3
4
5

.6667
.6867
.6667
.6667
.6667

.0022
.0044
.0066
.0067
.0109

46
47
48
49
50

.6722
.6724
.6727
.6729
.6732

.1017
.1040
.1063
.1086
.1109

91
92
93
94
95

.6895
.6901
.6906
.6912
.6918

.2097
.2122
.2148
.2174
.2200

136
137
138
139
140

.7230
.7249
.7290
.7270
.7281

.3373
.3404
.3436
.3489
.3501

6
7
8
9
10

.6667
.6668
.6668
.6669
.6670

.0131
.0153
.0175
.0197
.0218

51
52
53
54
55

.6734
.6737
.6740
.6743
.6746

.1131
.1154
.1177
.1200
.1224

96
97
98
99
100

.6924
.6930
.6936
.6942
.6948

.2226
.2282
.2279
.2305
.2332

141
142
143
144
146

.7292
.7303
.7314
.7325
.7326

.3634
.3867
.3600
.3633
.3806

11
12
13
14
15

.6670
.6671
.6672
.6672
.6673

.0240
.0282
.0284
.0306
.0328

56
57
58
59
60

.6749
.6752
.6755
.6758
.6761

.1247
.1270
.1293
.1316
.1340

101
102
103
104
105

.6954
.6961
.6967
.6974
.6980

.2388
.2386
.2412
.2439
.2466

148
147
148
149
150

.7248
.7380
.7372
.7384
.7396

.3700
.3794
.3786
.3802
.3837

16
17
18
19
20

.6674
.6874
.6675
.6678
.6677

.0350
.0372
.0394
.0416
.0437

61
62
63
64
65

.6784
.6788
.6771
.6775
.6779

.1363
.1387
.1410
.1434
.1457

106
107
106
109
110

.6987
.6994
.7001
.7008
.701`5

.2493
.2520
.2548
.2575
.2603

151
152
153
154
155

.7408
.7421
.7434
.7447
.7480

.3871
.3908
.3942
.3977
.4013

21
22
23
24
25

.6678
.6679
.6880
.6681
.6682

.0459
.0481
.0504
.0582
.0548

66
67
68
69
70

.6782
.6788
.6790
.6794
.6797

.1481
.1505
.1529
.1553
.1577

111
112
113
114
115

.7022
.7030
.7037
.7045
.7052

.2631
.2659
.2887
.2715
.2743

156
157
158
159
160

.7473
.7488
.7500
.7514
.7528

.4049
.4085
.4122
.4159
.4196

26
27
28
29
30

.6684
.6685
.6687
.6688
.6890

.0570
.0592
.0614
.0636
.0658

71
72
73
74
75

.6801
.6805
.6809
.6814
.6818

.1901
.1625
.1649
.1673
.1697

116
117
118
119
120

.7080
.7088
.7076
.7084
.7092

.2772
.2800
.2829
.2858
.2887

161
162
163
164
165

.7542
.7567
.7571
.7596
.7801

.4233
.4270
.4308
.4346
.4385

31
32
33
34
35

.6691
.6693
.6894
.6696
.6698

.0681
.0703
.0725
.0747
.0770

76
77
78
79
80

.6822
.8826
.8831
.6835
.6840

.1722
.1748
.1771
.1795
.1820

121
122
123
124
125

.7100
.7109
.7117
.7128
.7134

.2916
.2945
.2975
.3004
.3034

168
167
167
169
170

.7818
.7832
.7948
.7864
.7680

.4424
.4463
.4502
.4542
.4582

36
37
38
39
40

.6700
.6702
.6704
.6706
.6708

.0792
.0814
.0637
.0859
.0882

81
82
83
84
85

.6844
.6849
.6854
.6859
.6864

.1845
.1869
.1894
.1919
.1944

126
127
1`28
129
130

.7143
.7152
.7161
.7170
.7180

.3064
.3094
.3124
.3155
.3185

171
172
173
174
175

.7896
.7712
.7729
.7746
.7763

.4822
.4663
.4704
.4745
.4787

41
42
43
44
45

.6710
.6712
.6714
.6717
.6719

.0904
.0927
.0449
.0972
.0995

86
87
88
89
90

.6869
.6874
.6879
.6884
.6890

.1970
.1996
.2020
.2046
.2071

131
132
133
134
135

.7189
.7199
.7209
.7219
.7229

.3216
.3247
.3278
.3309
.3341

178
177
178
179
180

.7781
.7799
.7817
.7835
.7854

.4828
.4871
.4914
.4967
.5000

Appendix 4 - 14

Areas of Circular Segments

b

for Ratios of Rise and Diameter

b = Rise; d = Diameter

Area = d2 x Coefficient
b/d

Coefficient

b/d

Coefficient

b/c

Coefficient

b/c

Coefficient

b/d

Coefficient

.001
.002
.003
.004
.005

.000042
.000119
.000219
.000337
.000471

.051
.052
.053
.054
.055

.015119
.015561
.016008
.016458
.016912

.101
.102
.103
.104
.105

.041477
.042081
.042687
.043296
.043908

.151
.152
.153
.154
.155

.074590
.075307
.076028
.076747
.077470

.201
.202
.203
.204
.205

.112625
.113427
.114231
.115036
.115842

.006
.007
.008
.009
.010

.000619
.000779
.000952
.001135
.001329

.056
.057
.058
.059
.060

.017369
.017831
.018297
.018766
.019239

.106
.107
.108
.109
.110

.044523
.045140
.045759
.046381
.047006

.156
.157
.158
.159
.160

.078194
.078921
.079650
.080380
.081112

.206
.207
.208
.209
.210

.116651
.117460
.118271
.119084
.119898

.011
.012
.013
.014
.015

.001533
.001746
.001969
.002199
.002438

.061
.062
.063
.064
.065

.019716
.020197
.020681
.021168
.021660

.111
.112
.113
.114
.115

.047633
.048262
.048894
.049529
.050165

.161
.162
.163
.164
.165

.081847
.082582
.083320
.084060
.084801

.211
.212
.213
.214
.215

.120713
.121530
.122348
.123167
.123938

.016
.017
.018
.019
.020

.002685
.002940
.003202
.003472
.003749

.066
.067
.068
.069
.070

.022155
.022653
.023155
.023660
.024168

.116
.117
.118
.119
.120

.050805
.051446
.052090
.052737
.053385

.166
.167
.168
.169
.170

.085545
.086290
.087037
.087785
.088536

.216
.217
.218
.219
.220

.124811
.125634
.126459
.127286
.128114

.021
.022
.023
.024
.025

.004032
.004322
.004619
.004922
.005231

.071
.072
.073
.074
.075

.024680
.025196
.025714
.026236
.026761

.121
.122
.123
.124
.125

.054037
.054690
.055346
.056004
.066684

.171
.172
.173
.174
.175

.089288
.090042
.090797
.091555
.092314

.221
.222
.223
.224
.225

.128943
.129773
.130606
.131438
.132273

.026
.027
.028
.029
.030

.005546
.005867
.006194
.006527
.006866

.076
.077
.078
.079
.080

.027290
.027821
.028356
.028894
.029435

.126
.127
.128
.129
.130

.057327
.057991
.058658
.059328
.059999

.176
.177
.178
.179
.180

.093074
.093837
.094601
.095367
.096135

.226
.227
.228
.229
.230

.133109
.133948
.134784
.135624
.136465

.031
.032
.033
.034
.035

.007209
.007559
.007913
.008273
.008638

.081
.082
.083
.084
.085

.029979
.030526
.031077
.031630
.032186

.131
.132
.133
.134
.135

.060673
.061349
.062027
.062707
.063389

.181
.182
.183
.184
.185

.096904
.097675
.098447
.099221
.099997

.231
.232
.233
.234
.235

.137307
.138151
.138996
.139842
.140689

.036
.037
.038
.039
.040
.041
.042
.043
.044
.045

.009008
.009383
.009764
.010148
.010538
.010932
.011331
.011734
.012142
.012555

.086
.087
.088
.089
.090
.091
.092
.093
.094
.095

.032746
.033308
.033873
.034441
.035012
.035588
.036162
.036742
.037324
.037909

.136
.137
.138
.139
.140
.141
.142
.143
.144
.145

.064074
.064761
.065449
.066140
.066833
.067528
.068225
.068924
.069626
.070329

.186
.187
.188
.189
.190
.191
.192
.193
.194
.195

.100774
.101553
.102334
.103116
.103900
.104686
.105472
.106262
.107051
.107843

.236
.237
.238
.239
.240
.241
.242
.243
.244
.245

.141538
`.152388
.143239
.144091
.144945
.145800
.146658
.147513
.148371
.149321

.046
.047
.048
.049
.050

.012971
.013393
.013818
.0145248
.014681

.096
.097
.098
.099
.100

.038497
.039087
.039681
.040277
.040875

.148
.147
.148
.149
.150

.071034
.071741
.072450
.073162
.073875

.196
.197
.198
.199
.200

.108636
.109431
.110227
.111025
.111824

.246
.247
.248
.249
.250

.150091
.150953
.151816
.152681
.153548

Appendix 4 - 15

Areas of Circular Segments (cont.)

for Ratios of Rise and Diameter

b = Rise; d = Diameter
Area = d2 x Coefficient

b/d

Coefficient

b/d

Coefficient

b/c

Coefficient

b/c

Coefficient

b/d

Coefficient

.251
.252
.253
.254
.255

.154413
.155281
.156149
.157019
.157891

.301
.302
.303
.304
.305

.199085
.200003
.200922
.201841
.202782

.351
.352
.353
.354
.355

.245935
.246890
.247845
.248801
.249758

.401
.402
.403
.404
.405

.294350
.295330
.296311
.297292
.298274

.451
.452
.453
.454
.455

.343778
.344773
.345768
.346764
.347760

.256
.257
.258
.259
.260

.158763
.159636
.160511
.161386
.162263

.306
.307
.308
.309
.310

.203683
.204605
.205528
.206452
.207376

.356
.357
.358
.359
.360

.250715
.251673
.252632
.253591
.254551

.406
.407
.408
.409
.410

.299256
.300238
.301221
.302204
.303187

.456
.457
.458
.459
.460

.348756
.349752
.350749
.351745
.352742

.261
.262
.263
.264
.265
.266
.267
.268
.269
.270
.271
.272
.273
.274
.275
.276
.277
.278
.279
.280
.281
.282
.283
.284
.285
.296
.287
.288
.289
.290
.291
.292
.293
.294
.295
.296
.297
.298
.299
.300

.163141
.164020
.164900
.165781
.166663
.167546
.168431
.169316
.170202
.171090
.171978
.172868
.173758
.174650
.175542
.176436
.177330
.178226
.179122
.180020
.180918
.181818
.182718
.183619
.184522
.185425
.186329
.18725
.188141
.189048
.189956
.190865
.191774
.192685
.193597
.194509
.195423
.196337
.197252
.198168

.311
.312
.313
.314
.315
.316
.317
.318
.319
.320
.321
.322
.323
.324
.325
.326
.327
.328
.329
.330
.331
.332
.333
.334
.335
.336
.337
.338
.339
.340
.341
.342
.343
.344
.345
.384
.347
.348
.349
.350

.208302
.209228
.210155
.211083
.212011
.212941
.213871
.214802
.215734
.216666
.217600
.218534
.219469
.2204040
.221341
.222278
.223216
.224154
.225094
.226034
.226974
.227916
.228858
.229801
.230745
.231689
.232634
.233580
.234526
.235473
.236421
.237369
.238319
.239268
.240219
.241170
.242122
.243074
.244027
.244980

.361
.362
.363
.364
.365
.366
.367
.368
.369
.370
.371
.372
.373
.374
.375
.376
.377
.378
.379
.380
.381
.382
.383
.384
.385
.386
.387
.388
.389
.390
.391
.392
.393
.394
.395
.396
.397
.398
.399
.400

.255511
.256472
.257433
.258395
.259358
.260321
.261285
.262249
.263214
.264179
.265145
.266111
.267078
.268046
.269014
.269982
.270951
.271921
.272891
.273861
.274832
.275804
.276776
.277748
.278721
.279695
.280669
.281643
.282618
.283593
.284569
.285545
.286521
.287499
.288476
.289454
.290432
.291411
.292393
.293370

.411
.412
.413
.414
.415
.416
.417
.418
.419
.420
.421
.422
.423
.424
.425
.426
.427
.428
.429
.430
.431
.432
.433
.434
.435
.438
.437
.438
.439
.440
.441
.442
.443
.444
.445
.446
.447
.448
.449
.450

.304171
.305156
.306140
.307125
.308110
.309096
.310082
.311068
.312055
.313042
.314029
.315017
.316005
.316993
.317981
.318970
.319959
.320949
.321938
.322928
.323919
.324909
.325900
.326891
.327883
.328874
.329866
.330858
.331851
.332843
.333836
.334829
.335823
.336816
.337810
.338804
.339796
.340793
.341788
.342783

.461
.462
.463
.464
.485
.466
.467
.468
.469
.470
.471
.472
.473
.474
.475
.476
.477
.478
.479
.480
.481
.482
.483
.484
.485
.486
.487
.488
.489
.490
.491
.492
.493
.494
.495
.496
.498
.498
.499
.500

.353739
.354736
.355733
.356730
.357728
.358725
.359723
.360721
.361719
.36271`7
.363715
.364714
.365712
.366711
.367710
.368706
.369707
.370706
.371706
.372704
.373704
.374703
.375702
.376702
.377701
.378701
.370701
.380700
381700
.382706
.383700
.384690
385699
.386890
.387699
.388690
.389698
.390699
.391698
.392699

Appendix 4 - 16

Lc

Areas of 90 Fillets
Area = R2 x .214602

R = Radius
Lc = Length of Curve

A
R
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
8.5
9
9.5
10
10.5
11
11.5
12
12.5
13

Lc
1.57
2.36
3.14
3.93
4.71
5.50
6.28
7.07
7.85
8.64
9.42
10.21
11.00
11.78
12.57
13.35
14.14
14.92
15.71
16.49
17.28
18.06
18.85
19.63
20.42

Area
0.22
0.48
0.86
1.34
1.93
2.63
3.43
4.35
5.37
6.49
7.73
9.07
10.52
12.07
13.73
15.50
17.38
19.37
21.46
23.66
25.97
28.38
30.90
33.53
36.27

LC = .0174533 R90
= 1.570796 x 12
R
Lc
13.5
21.21
14
21.99
14.5
22.78
15
23.56
15.5
24.35
16
25.13
16.5
25.92
17
26.70
17.5
27.49
18
28.27
18.5
29.06
19
29.84
19.5
30.63
230
31.42
20.5
32.20
21
32.99
21.5
33.77
22
34.56
22.5
35.34
23
36.13
23.5
36.91
24
37.70
24.5
38.48
25
39.27
25.5
40.05

Appendix 4 - 17

Area
39.11
42.06
45.12
48.29
51.56
54.94
58.43
62.02
65.72
69.53
73.45
77.47
81.60
85.84
90.19
94.64
99.20
103.87
108.64
113.52
118.51
123.61
128.81
134.13
139.54

Areas of Fillets Other Than 90 =

R2 [tan 4/2 - (.008727 x 4)]

R
26
26.5
27
27.5
28
28.5
29
29.5
30
30.5
31.0
31.5
32
32.5
33
33.5
34
34.5
35
35.5
36
36.5
37
37.5
38

Lc
40.84
41.63
42.41
43.20
43.98
44.77
45.55
46.34
47.12
47.91
48.69
49.48
50.26
51.05
51.84
52.62
53.40
54.19
54.98
55.76
56.55
57.33
58.12
58.90
59.69

Length of return other than 90 =

.0174533 x 4R
Area
R
145.07
38.5
150.70
39
156.44
39.5
162.29
40
168.25
40.5
174.31
41
180.48
41.5
186.76
42
193.14
42.5
199.63
43
206.23
43.5
212.94
44
219.75
44.5
226.67
45
233.70
45.5
240.84
46
248.08
46.5
255.43
47
262.89
47.5
270.45
48
278.12
48.5
285.90
49
293.79
49.5
301.78
50
309.89

Appendix 4 - 18

Lc
60.47
61.26
62.05
62.83
63.62
64.40
65.19
65.97
6.76
67.54
68.33
69.11
69.90
70.68
71.47
72.26
73.04
73.83
74.61
75.40
76.18
76.97
77.75
78.54

Area
318.09
326.41
334.83
343.36
352.00
360.75
369.60
378.56
387.62
396.80
406.08
415.47
424.97
434.57
444.28
454.10
464.02
474.06
484.20
494.44
504.80
515.26
525.83
536.50

Volume of Cylinder Tank

Sketch showing the relation between the depth and the volume of a liquid in a right cylinder tank when
the axis of the tank is level. Percent of volume is set opposite percent of depth.

Exact Only for Right Cylinder tank

Percent of Total Volume of Tank
100.000
98.131
94.796
90.594
85.762
80.450
74.760
68.808
62.647
56.356
50.000
43.644
37.353
31.192
26.232
19.550
14.238
9.406
5.204
1.869
0.000

98.658

99.126

99.523

95.542

96.252

96.922

91.490

92.361

93.203

86.771

87.760

88.727

81.545

82.625

83.688

76.930

77.079

78.216

70.019

71.220

72.413

63.892

65.131

66.364

57.621

58.883

60.142

51.273

52.546

53.816

44.913

46.184

47.454

38.603

39.858

41.117

32.410

33.636

34.869

26.404

27.587

28.780

20.660

21.784

22.921

15.266

16.312

17.375

10.328

11.273

12.240

5.985

6.797

7.639

2.450

3.077

3.748

0.169

0.477

0.874

99.831
97.550
94.015
89.672
84.734
79.340
73.596
67.590
61.397
55.087
48.727
42.379
36.108
29.981
24.070
18.456
13.229
8.509
4.458
1.342

For Tanks with Crowned Ends, add to Volume of Right Cylinder Part of the Tank, the Volume of the
Two Crowned Ends and use table As Is for results which will be considerably less than One Percent In
Error when Height (h) of crown does not exceed Twelve Percent of the Diameter of the Tank and also
when Length (L) of the right cylinder part of the tank is not less than the Diameter (D) of the tank.
Percent of Error decreases as L/D increases.

Appendix 4 - 19

CULVERT PIPE FILL

600 mm on
both sides of
the pipe

2 : 1 Slope

AREA SHOWN IN THE

FOLLOWING CHARTS

Appendix 4 - 20

English Culvert Pipe-Arch Embankment Areas As Ft2

(Y=Height to Widest Section of Pipe as Feet)
Equivalent Round Size
Y
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0

24
0.6
1.1
1.6
2.0
2.8
3.7
4.6
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.6
9.7
10.8
12.0
13.2
14.5
15.8
17.1
18.5
19.9
21.4
22.9
24.4
26.0
27.6
29.3
31.0
32.7
34.5
36.3
38.2
40.1
42.0
44.0
46.0
48.1
50.2
52.3
54.5
56.8
59.0
61.3
63.7
66.0
68.5
70.9
73.4
76.0
78.5
81.2

30
0.6
1.1
1.6
2.2
2.7
3.6
4.6
5.6
6.6
7.7
8.8
10.0
11.2
12.4
13.7
15.0
16.4
17.8
19.2
20.7
22.2
23.8
25.4
27.0
28.7
30.4
32.2
34.0
35.8
37.7
39.6
41.6
43.6
45.6
47.7
49.8
52.0
54.2
56.4
58.7
61.0
63.4
65.8
68.2
70.7
73.2
75.8
78.4
81.0
83.7

36
0.7
1.1
1.6
2.2
2.7
3.5
4.5
5.6
6.7
7.8
9.0
10.2
11.5
12.8
14.1
15.5
16.9
18.4
19.9
21.4
23.0
24.6
26.3
28.0
29.7
31.5
33.3
35.2
37.1
39.0
41.0
43.0
45.1
47.2
49.3
51.5
53.7
56.0
58.3
60.6
63.0
65.4
67.8
70.3
72.9
75.5
78.1
80.7
83.4
86.2

42
0.7
1.2
1.7
2.2
2.7
3.4
4.4
5.5
6.7
7.9
9.1
10.4
11.7
13.1
14.5
15.9
17.4
18.;9
20.4
22.0
23.7
25.4
27.1
28.8
30.6
32.5
34.3
36.3
38.2
40.2
42.2
44.3
46.4
48.6
50.8
53.0
55.3
57.6
60.0
62.4
64.8
67.3
69.8
72.4
75.0
77.6
80.3
83.0
85.7
88.5

48
0.8
1.3
1.8
2.4
2.9
3.4
4.2
5.3
6.5
7.8
9.1
10.4
11.8
13.2
14.7
16.2
17.7
19.3
20.9
22.6
24.3
26.0
27.8
29.6
31.5
33.4
35.3
37.3
39.4
41.4
43.5
45.7
47.8
50.1
52.3
54.6
57.0
59.4
61.8
64.3
66.8
69.3
71.9
74.5
77.2
79.9
82.6
85.4
88.2
91.1

Appendix 4 - 21

54
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.1
3.7
4.1
5.0
6.2
7.5
8.9
10.3
11.7
13.2
14.7
16.3
17.9
19.5
21.2
22.9
24.7
26.5
28.3
30.2
32.1
34.1
36.1
38.1
40.2
42.3
44.5
46.7
48.9
51.2
53.5
55.9
58.3
60.7
63.2
65.7
68.3
70.9
73.6
76.2
79.0
81.7
84.5
87.4
90.2
93.2

60
1.0
1.5
2.1
2.6
3.2
3.8
4.5
4.9
5.9
7.1
8.6
10.0
11.5
13.1
14.6
16.3
17.9
19.6
21.4
23.1
25.0
26.8
28.7
30.7
32.6
34.7
36.7
38.8
41.0
43.1
45.4
47.6
49.9
52.3
54.6
57.1
59.5
62.0
64.6
67.1
69.8
72.4
75.1
77.9
80.6
83.5
86.3
89.2
92.2
95.1

66
1.2
1.7
2.2
2.8
3.4
4.0
4.7
5.4
5.8
6.8
8.1
9.6
11.2
12.8
14.4
16.1
17.8
19.6
21.4
23.2
25.1
27.0
29.0
31.0
33.0
35.1
37.2
39.3
41.5
43.8
46.1
48.4
50.7
53.1
55.6
58.1
60.6
63.1
65.7
68.4
71.0
73.8
76.5
79.3
82.2
85.0
88.0
90.9
93.9
97.0

72
1.3
1.8
2.4
2.9
3.5
4.2
4.9
5.6
5.7
6.7
7.8
9.2
10.8
12.4
14.1
15.8
17.6
19.4
21.3
23.2
25.1
27.0
29.1
31.1
33.2
35.3
37.5
39.7
41.9
44.2
46.6
48.9
51.3
53.8
56.3
58.8
61.4
64.0
66.6
69.3
72.0
74.8
77.6
80.5
83.4
86.3
89.3
92.3
95.3
98.4

English Elliptical Culvert Pipe-Arch Embankment Areas as Ft2

(Y=Height to Widest Section of Pipe as Feet)
Equivalent Round Size
Y
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0

24
0.4
0.9
1.4
2.0
2.6
3.3
4.0
4.9
5.9
6.9
8.0
9.1
10.3
11.5
12.7
14.0
15.3
16.6
18.0
19.4
20.9
22.4
24.0
25.6
27.2
28.9
30.6
32.3
34.1
35.9
37.8
39.7
41.7
43.7
45.7
47.8
49.9
52.0
54.2
56.4
58.7
61.0
63.4
65.8
68.2
70.7
73.2
75.7
78.3
80.9

30
0.4
0.9
1.4
2.0
2.6
3.2
4.0
4.8
5.7
6.7
7.8
9.0
10.2
11.5
12.8
14.1
15.5
16.9
18.3
19.8
21.4
23.0
24.6
26.2
27.9
29.7
31.4
33.3
35.1
37.0
38.9
40.9
42.9
45.0
47.1
49.2
51.4
53.6
55.9
58.2
60.5
62.9
65.3
67.8
70.3
72.8
75.4
78.0
80.6
83.3

36
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.6
3.2
3.9
4.7
5.6
6.5
7.5
8.6
9.9
11.2
12.6
14.0
15.4
16.9
18.4
19.9
21.5
23.2
24.8
26.6
28.3
30.1
31.9
33.8
35.7
37.7
39.7
41.7
43.8
45.9
48.1
50.3
52.5
54.8
57.1
59.4
61.8
64.3
66.7
69.3
71.8
74.4
77.0
79.7
82.4
85.2

42
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.2
3.9
4.7
5.5
6.4
7.4
8.4
9.5
10.8
12.2
13.7
15.2
16.7
18.3
19.9
21.6
23.3
25.0
26.8
28.6
30.5
32.4
34.3
36.3
38.3
40.4
42.5
44.6
46.8
49.0
51.3
53.6
55.9
58.3
60.8
63.2
65.7
68.3
70.8
73.5
76.1
78.8
81.6
84.3
87.2

48
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.2
3.9
4.7
5.5
6.4
7.3
8.3
9.4
10.6
11.9
13.3
14.9
16.5
18.1
19.8
21.5
23.3
25.1
26.9
28.8
30.7
32.7
34.7
36.7
38.8
40.9
43.1
45.3
47.5
49.8
52.1
54.5
56.9
59.3
61.8
64.3
66.9
69.5
72.1
74.8
77.5
80.3
83.1
85.9
88.8

Appendix 4 - 22

54
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.2
3.9
4.6
5.4
6.3
7.2
8.2
9.3
10.4
11.6
12.9
14.3
15.9
17.6
19.4
21.1
23.0
24.8
26.7
28.7
30.7
32.7
34.8
36.9
39.0
41.2
43.4
45.7
48.0
50.4
52.7
55.2
57.6
60.1
62.7
65.3
67.9
70.6
73.3
76.0
78.8
81.6
84.5
87.4
90.4

60
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.2
3.9
4.6
5.4
6.3
7.2
8.2
9.2
10.3
11.5
12.7
14.1
15.5
17.0
18.7
20.6
22.5
24.4
26.4
28.4
30.4
32.5
34.7
36.8
39.1
41.3
43.6
45.9
48.3
50.7
53.2
55.7
58.2
60.8
63.4
66.0
68.7
71.5
74.2
77.1
79.9
82.9
85.7
88.7
91.7

66
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.2
3.9
4.6
5.4
6.2
7.1
8.1
9.1
10.2
11.4
12.6
13.9
15.2
16.7
18.2
19.9
21.7
23.7
25.7
27.9
29.9
32.1
34.8
36.5
38.8
41.1
43.4
45.8
48.2
50.7
53.2
55.8
58.4
61.0
63.7
66.4
69.1
71.9
74.8
77.6
80.5
83.5
86.5
89.5
92.6

72
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.2
3.9
4.6
5.4
6.2
7.1
8.1
9.1
10.1
11.3
12.5
13.7
15.1
16.5
18.0
19.6
21.2
23.0
24.9
27.1
29.2
31.5
33.7
38.0
38.4
40.7
43.2
45.6
48.1
50.6
53.2
55.8
58.5
61.2
63.9
66.7
69.5
72.4
75.3
78.2
81.2
84.2
87.3
90.4
93.5

English Circular Culvert Pipe Embankment End Areas as Ft2

(Y=Height to Center of Pipe as Feet)
Pipe Diameter
Y
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0

12
0.4
0.9
1.4
2.0
2.6
3.3
4.1
4.9
5.7
6.6
7.5
8.5
9.5
10.5
11.6
12.7
13.9
15.1
16.3
17.6
18.9
20.3
21.7
23.1
24.6
26.1
27.7
29.3
30.9
32.6
34.3
36.1
37.9
39.7
41.6
43.5
45.5
47.5
49.5
51.6
53.7
55.9
58.1
60.3
62.6
64.9
67.3
69.7
72.1
74.6

15
0.4
0.9
1.4
2.0
2.6
3.3
4.0
4.9
5.7
6.6
7.6
8.6
9.6
10.7
11.8
12.9
14.1
15.3
16.6
17.9
19.2
20.6
22.0
23.5
25.0
26.6
28.1
29.8
31.4
33.1
34.9
37.6
38.5
40.4
42.3
44.2
46.2
48.2
50.3
52.4
54.5
56.7
58.9
61.2
63.5
65.9
68.2
70.7
73.1
75.6

18
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.6
3.2
4.0
4.8
5.7
6.6
7.6
8.6
9.6
10.7
11.9
13.0
14.2
15.5
16.8
18.1
19.5
20.9
22.3
23.8
25.4
26.9
28.5
30.2
31.9
33.6
35.4
37.2
39.0
40.9
42.9
44.8
46.8
48.9
51.0
53.1
55.3
57.5
59.7
62.0
64.4
66.7
69.1
71.6
74.1
76.6

24
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.2
3.9
4.7
5.5
6.4
7.4
8.5
9.6
10.7
11.9
13.1
14.4
15.7
17.0
18.4
19.8
21.3
22.8
24.3
25.9
27.5
29.2
30.9
32.6
34.4
36.2
38.1
40.0
41.9
43.9
45.9
48.0
50.1
52.2
54.4
56.6
58.9
51.2
63.5
65.9
68.3
70.8
73.3
75.8
78.4

30
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.2
3.9
4.6
5.4
6.3
7.2
8.2
9.4
10.6
11.8
13.1
14.4
15.7
17.1
18.5
20.0
21.5
23.1
24.7
26.3
28.0
29.7
31.4
33.2
35.0
36.9
38.8
40.8
42.8
44.8
46.9
49.0
51.1
53.3
55.5
57.8
60.1
62.5
64.9
67.3
69.8
72.3
74.8
77.4
80.0

36
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.2
3.9
4.6
5.4
6.2
7.1
8.1
9.1
10.3
11.5
12.8
14.1
15.5
17.0
18.5
20.0
21.5
23.1
24.8
26.5
28.2
29.9
31.7
33.6
35.5
37.4
39.3
41.3
43.4
45.5
47.6
49.7
51.9
54.2
56.5
58.8
61.1
63.5
66.0
68.5
71.0
73.5
76.1
78.8
81.5

Appendix 4 - 23

42
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.2
3.8
4.6
5.4
6.2
7.1
8.0
9.0
10.1
11.2
12.5
13.7
15.2
16.7
18.2
19.8
21.4
23.0
24.7
26.4
28.2
30.0
31.9
33.8
35.7
37.7
39.7
41.7
43.8
45.9
48.1
50.3
52.6
54.9
57.2
59.6
62.0
64.4
66.9
69.4
72.0
74.6
77.3
80.0
82.7

48
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.2
3.8
4.6
5.3
6.2
7.1
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.1
12.3
13.5
14.8
16.2
17.7
19.3
21.0
22.7
24.4
26.2
28.0
29.9
31.8
33.7
35.7
37.7
39.8
41.9
44.0
46.2
48.4
50.7
53.0
55.3
57.7
60.1
62.5
65.1
67.6
70.2
72.8
75.5
78.2
80.9
83.7

54
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.2
3.8
4.6
5.3
6.2
7.0
7.9
8.9
10.0
11.0
12.2
13.4
14.7
16.0
17.4
18.9
20.5
22.2
24.0
25.8
27.7
29.6
31.5
33.5
35.5
37.6
39.7
41.9
44.1
46.3
48.6
50.9
53.2
55.6
58.0
60.5
63.0
65.6
68.2
70.8
73.5
76.2
78.9
81.7
84.5

60
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.1
3.8
4.5
5.3
6.1
7.0
7.9
8.9
9.9
11.0
12.1
13.3
14.5
15.8
17.2
18.6
20.1
21.7
23.4
25.2
27.1
29.1
31.1
33.1
35.2
37.3
39.5
41.7
43.9
46.2
48.5
50.9
53.3
55.7
58.2
60.7
63.3
65.9
68.5
71.2
73.9
76.7
79.5
82.3
85.2

72
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.5
3.1
3.8
4.5
5.3
6.1
7.0
7.9
8.8
9.8
10.9
12.0
13.2
14.4
15.6
17.3
18.3
19.8
21.3
22.9
24.5
26.2
28.0
29.8
31.8
33.9
36.1
38.3
40.6
43.0
45.4
47.8
50.2
52.7
55.3
57.9
60.5
63.1
65.8
68.6
71.4
74.2
77.0
79.9
82.9
85.9

Metric Circular Culvert Pipe Embankment End Areas as m2

(Y=Height to Center of Pipe as mm)
Pipe Diameter
Y
30
60
90
122
152
183
213
244
274
305
335
365
396
427
457
488
518
550
580
610
640
670
700
732
762
793
823
854
884
914
944
974
1005
1036
1066
1097
1127
1158
1188
1219
1250
1280
1311
1341
1372
1402
1433
1463
1494
1524

12
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.185806
0.241548
0.30658
0.380902
0.455225
0.529547
0.61316
0.696773
0.789676
0.882579
0.975482
1.077675
1.179869
1.291352
1.402836
1.51432
1.635094
1.755867
1.885932
2.015996
2.14606
2.285415
2.424769
2.573414
2.722059
2.870704
3.028639
3.186574
3.3538
3.521025
3.688251
3.864766
4.041282
4.227088
4.412894
4.5987
4.793797
4.988893
5.19328
5.397667
5.602053
5.81573
6.029407
6.252375
6.475342
6.698309
6.930567

15
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.185806
0.241548
0.30658
0.371612
0.455225
0.529547
0.61316
0.706063
0.798966
0.891869
0.994063
1.096256
1.198449
1.309933
1.421417
1.54219
1.662964
1.783738
1.913803
2.043867
2.183221
2.322576
2.471221
2.610575
2.768511
2.917155
3.075091
3.242316
3.409542
3.576767
3.753283
3.929799
4.106314
4.29212
4.477927
4.673023
4.868119
5.063216
5.267602
5.471989
5.685666
5.899343
6.12231
6.335987
6.568245
6.791212
7.02347

18
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.241548
0.29729
0.371612
0.445935
0.529547
0.61316
0.706063
0.798966
0.891869
0.994063
1.105546
1.20774
1.319223
1.439997
1.560771
1.681545
1.811609
1.941674
2.071738
2.211092
2.359737
2.499092
2.647737
2.805672
2.963607
31.21542
3.288768
3.455993
3.623219
3.799734
3.98554
4.162056
4.347862
4.542959
4.738055
4.933151
5.137538
5.341925
5.546311
5.759988
5.982956
6.196633
6.4196
6.651858
6.884115
7.116373

24
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.29729
0.362322
0.436644
0.510967
0.594579
0.687482
0.789676
0.891869
0.994063
1.105546
1.21703
1.337804
1.458578
1.579352
1.709416
1.83948
1.978835
2.118189
2.257544
2.406189
2.554834
2.712769
2.870704
3.028639
3.195865
3.36309
3.539606
3.716122
3.892637
4.078443
4.26425
4.459346
4.654442
4.849539
5.053925
5.258312
5.471989
5.685666
5.899343
6.12231
6.345278
6.577535
6.809793
7.04205
7.283598

30
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.29729
0.362322
0.427354
0.501676
0.585289
0.668902
0.761805
0.873289
0.984772
1.096256
1.21703
1.337804
1.458578
1.588642
1.718706
1.858061
1.997415
2.14606
2.294705
2.44335
2.601285
2.75922
2.917155
3.084381
3.251606
3.428122
3.604638
3.790444
3.97625
4.162056
4.357153
4.552249
4.747345
4.951732
5.156119
5.369796
5.583473
5.80644
6.029407
6.252375
6.484632
6.71689
6.949147
7.190695
7.432243

36
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.29729
0.362322
0.427354
0.501676
0.575999
0.659612
0.752515
0.845418
0.956901
1.068385
1.189159
1.309933
1.439997
1.579352
1.718706
1.858061
1.997415
2.14606
2.303995
2.461931
2.619866
2.777801
2.945026
3.121542
3.298058
3.474574
3.651089
3.836896
4.031992
4.227088
4.422185
4.617281
4.821668
5.035345
5.249022
5.462699
5.676376
5.899343
6.131601
6.363858
6.596116
6.828373
7.069921
7.32076
7.571598

Appendix 4 - 24

42
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.29729
0.353032
0.427354
0.501676
0.575999
0.659612
0.743224
0.836127
0.938321
1.040514
1.161288
1.272772
1.412126
1.551481
1.690835
1.83948
1.988125
2.13677
2.294705
2.45264
2.619866
2.787091
2.963607
3.140123
3.316639
3.502445
3.688251
3.874057
4.069153
4.26425
4.468636
4.673023
4.8867
5.100377
5.314054
5.537021
5.759988
5.982956
6.215213
6.447471
6.689019
6.930567
7.181405
7.432243
7.683081

48
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.29729
0.353032
0.427354
0.492386
0.575999
0.659612
0.743224
0.836127
0.92903
1.031224
1.142707
1.254191
1.374965
1.505029
1.644384
1.793029
1.950964
2.108899
2.266834
2.43406
2.601285
2.777801
2.954317
3.130832
3.316639
3.502445
3.697541
3.892637
4.087734
4.29212
4.496507
4.710184
4.923861
5.137538
5.360505
5.583473
5.80644
6.047988
6.280246
6.521793
6.763341
7.01418
7.265018
7.515856
7.775984

54
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.29729
0.353032
0.427354
0.492386
0.575999
0.650321
0.733934
0.826837
0.92903
1.021933
1.133417
1.244901
1.365675
1.486449
1.616513
1.755867
1.904512
2.062447
2.229673
2.396898
2.573414
2.74993
2.926446
3.112252
3.298058
3.493154
3.688251
3.892637
4.097024
4.301411
4.515088
4.728765
4.942442
5.165409
5.388376
5.620634
5.852892
6.094439
6.335987
6.577535
6.828373
7.079212
7.33005
7.590178
7.850307

60
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.287999
0.353032
0.418064
0.492386
0.566709
0.650321
0.733934
0.826837
0.91974
1.021933
1.124127
1.23561
1.347094
1.467868
1.597932
1.727997
1.867351
2.015996
2.173931
2.341157
2.517672
2.703478
2.889285
3.075091
3.270187
3.465283
3.66967
3.874057
4.078443
4.29212
4.505797
4.728765
4.951732
5.174699
5.406957
5.639215
5.880762
6.12231
6.363858
66.14696
6.865535
7.125663
7.385792
7.64592
7.915339

72
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.287999
0.353032
0.418064
0.492386
0.566709
0.650321
0.733934
0.817547
0.91045
1.012643
1.114836
1.22632
1.337804
1.449287
1.607223
1.700126
1.83948
1.978835
2.12748
2.276124
2.43406
2.601285
2.768511
2.954317
3.149413
3.3538
3.558186
3.771863
3.994831
4.217798
4.440765
4.663733
4.89599
5.137538
5.379086
5.620634
5.862182
6.11302
6.373149
6.633277
6.893406
7.153534
7.422953
7.701662
7.980371

Metric Culvert Pipe-Arch Embankment Areas as m2

(Y=Height to Widest Section of Pipe as mm)
Equivalent Round Size
Y
30
60
90
122
152
183
213
244
274
305
335
365
396
427
457
488
518
550
580
610
640
670
700
732
762
793
823
854
884
914
944
974
1005
1036
1066
1097
1127
1158
1188
1219
1250
1280
1311
1341
1372
1402
1433
1463
1494
1524

24
0.055742
0.102193
0.148645
0.185806
0.260129
0.343741
0.427354
0.510967
0.60387
0.696773
0.798966
0.901159
1.003353
1.114836
1.22632
1.347094
1.467868
1.588642
1.718706
1.84877
1.988125
2.12748
2.266834
2.415479
2.564124
2.722059
2.879994
3.037929
3.205155
3.37238
3.548896
3.725412
3.901928
4.087734
4.27354
4.468636
4.663733
4.858829
5.063216
5.276893
5.481279
5.694956
5.917924
6.131601
6.363858
6.586826
6.819083
7.060631
7.292889
7.543727

30
0.055742
0.102193
0.148645
0.204387
0.250838
0.334451
0.427354
0.520257
0.61316
0.715353
0.817547
0.92903
1.040514
1.151998
1.272772
1.393546
1.52361
1.653674
1.783738
1.923093
2.062447
2.211092
2.359737
2.508382
2.666317
2.824252
2.991478
3.158703
3.325929
3.502445
3.67896
3.864766
4.050573
4.236379
4.431475
4.626571
4.830958
5.035345
5.239731
5.453408
5.667085
5.890053
6.11302
6.335987
6.568245
6.800503
7.04205
7.283598
7.525146
7.775984

36
0.065032
0.102193
0.148645
0.204387
0.250838
0.325161
0.418064
0.520257
0.62245
0.724644
0.836127
0.947611
1.068385
1.189159
1.309933
1.439997
1.570061
1.709416
1.84877
1.988125
2.13677
2.285415
2.44335
2.601285
2.75922
2.926446
3.093671
3.270187
3.446703
3.623219
3.809025
3.994831
4.189927
4.385023
4.58012
4.784507
4.988893
5.20257
5.416247
5.629924
5.852892
6.075859
6.298826
6.531084
6.772632
7.01418
7.255727
7.497275
7.748114
8.008242

42
0.065032
0.111484
0.157935
0.204387
0.250838
0.31587
0.408773
0.510967
0.62245
0.733934
0.845418
0.966192
1.086966
1.21703
1.347094
1.477158
1.616513
1.755867
1.895222
2.043867
2.201802
2.359737
2.517672
2.675608
2.842833
3.019349
3.186574
3.37238
3.548896
3.734702
3.920508
4.115605
4.310701
4.515088
4.719474
4.923861
5.137538
5.351215
5.574182
5.79715
6.020117
6.252375
6.484632
6.72618
6.967728
7.209276
7.460114
7.710952
7.961791
8.221919

48
0.074322
0.120774
0.167225
0.222967
0.269419
0.31587
0.390193
0.492386
0.60387
0.724644
0.845418
0.966192
1.096256
1.22632
1.365675
1.505029
1.644384
1.793029
1.941674
2.099609
2.257544
2.415479
2.582705
2.74993
2.926446
3.102962
3.279477
3.465283
3.66038
3.846186
4.041282
4.245669
4.440765
4.654442
4.858829
5.072506
5.295473
5.518441
5.741408
5.973665
6.205923
6.438181
6.679729
6.921276
7.172115
7.422953
7.673791
7.93392
8.194048
8.463467

Appendix 4 - 25

54
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.287999
0.343741
0.380902
0.464515
0.575999
0.696773
0.826837
0.956901
1.086966
1.22632
1.365675
1.51432
1.662964
1.811609
1.969544
2.12748
2.294705
2.461931
2.629156
2.805672
2.982188
3.167994
3.3538
3.539606
3.734702
3.929799
4.134185
4.338572
4.542959
4.756636
4.970313
5.19328
5.416247
5.639215
5.871472
6.10373
6.345278
6.586826
6.837664
7.079212
7.33934
7.590178
7.850307
8.119726
8.379854
8.658563

60
0.092903
0.139355
0.195096
0.241548
0.29729
0.353032
0.418064
0.455225
0.548128
0.659612
0.798966
0.92903
1.068385
1.21703
1.356384
1.51432
1.662964
1.8209
1.988125
2.14606
2.322576
2.489801
2.666317
2.852123
3.028639
3.223735
3.409542
3.604638
3.809025
4.004121
4.217798
4.422185
4.635862
4.858829
5.072506
5.304764
5.527731
5.759988
6.001536
6.233794
6.484632
6.72618
6.977018
7.237147
7.487985
7.757404
8.017532
8.286951
8.56566
8.835079

66
0.111484
0.157935
0.204387
0.260129
0.31587
0.371612
0.436644
0.501676
0.538838
0.631741
0.752515
0.891869
1.040514
1.189159
1.337804
1.495739
1.653674
1.8209
1.988125
2.155351
2.331866
2.508382
2.694188
2.879994
3.0658
3.260897
3.455993
3.651089
3.855476
4.069153
4.28283
4.496507
4.710184
4.933151
5.165409
5.397667
5.629924
5.862182
6.10373
6.354568
6.596116
6.856244
7.107083
7.367211
7.63663
7.896758
8.175468
8.444886
8.723595
9.011595

72
0.120774
0.167225
0.222967
0.269419
0.325161
0.390193
0.455225
0.520257
0.529547
0.62245
0.724644
0.854708
1.003353
1.151998
1.309933
1.467868
1.635094
1.802319
1.978835
2.155351
2.331866
2.508382
2.703478
2.889285
3.084381
3.279477
3.483864
3.688251
3.892637
4.106314
4.329282
4.542959
4.765926
4.998184
5.230441
5.462699
5.704247
5.945795
6.187342
6.438181
6.689019
6.949147
7.209276
7.478695
7.748114
8.017532
8.296241
8.574951
8.85366
9.141659

Metric Elliptical Culvert Pipe-Arch Embankment Areas as m2

(Y=Height to Widest Section of Pipe as mm)
Equivalent Round Size
Y
30
60
90
122
152
183
213
244
274
305
335
365
396
427
457
488
518
550
580
610
640
670
700
732
762
793
823
854
884
914
944
974
1005
1036
1066
1097
1127
1158
1188
1219
1250
1280
1311
1341
1372
1402
1433
1463
1494
1524

24
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.185806
0.241548
0.30658
0.371612
0.455225
0.548128
0.641031
0.743224
0.845418
0.956901
1.068385
1.179869
1.300643
1.421417
1.54219
1.672255
1.802319
1.941674
2.081028
2.229673
2.378318
2.526963
2.684898
2.842833
3.000768
3.167994
3.335219
3.511735
3.688251
3.874057
4.059863
4.245669
4.440765
4.635862
4.830958
5.035345
5.239731
5.453408
5.667085
5.890053
6.11302
6.335987
6.568245
6.800503
7.03276
7.274308
7.515856

30
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.185806
0.241548
0.29729
0.371612
0.445935
0.529547
0.62245
0.724644
0.836127
0.947611
1.068385
1.189159
1.309933
1.439997
1.570061
1.700126
1.83948
1.988125
2.13677
2.285415
2.43406
2.591995
2.75922
2.917155
3.093671
3.260897
3.437412
3.613928
3.799734
3.98554
4.180637
4.375733
4.57083
4.775216
4.979603
5.19328
5.406957
5.620634
5.843601
6.066569
6.298826
6.531084
6.763341
7.004889
7.246437
7.487985
7.738823

36
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.241548
0.29729
0.362322
0.436644
0.520257
0.60387
0.696773
0.798966
0.91974
1.040514
1.170578
1.300643
1.430707
1.570061
1.709416
1.84877
1.997415
2.155351
2.303995
2.471221
2.629156
2.796382
2.963607
3.140123
3.316639
3.502445
3.688251
3.874057
4.069153
4.26425
4.468636
4.673023
4.87741
5.091087
5.304764
5.518441
5.741408
5.973665
6.196633
6.438181
6.670438
6.911986
7.153534
7.404372
7.65521
7.915339

42
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.29729
0.362322
0.436644
0.510967
0.594579
0.687482
0.780386
0.882579
1.003353
1.133417
1.272772
1.412126
1.551481
1.700126
1.84877
2.006706
2.164641
2.322576
2.489801
2.657027
2.833543
3.010058
3.186574
3.37238
3.558186
3.753283
3.948379
4.143476
4.347862
4.552249
4.765926
4.979603
5.19328
5.416247
5.648505
5.871472
6.10373
6.345278
6.577535
6.828373
7.069921
7.32076
7.580888
7.831726
8.101145

48
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.29729
0.362322
0.436644
0.510967
0.594579
0.678192
0.771095
0.873289
0.984772
1.105546
1.23561
1.384255
1.5329
1.681545
1.83948
1.997415
2.164641
2.331866
2.499092
2.675608
2.852123
3.037929
3.223735
3.409542
3.604638
3.799734
4.004121
4.208508
4.412894
4.626571
4.840248
5.063216
5.286183
5.50915
5.741408
5.973665
6.215213
6.456761
6.698309
6.949147
7.199986
7.460114
7.720243
7.980371
8.24979

Appendix 4 - 26

54
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.29729
0.362322
0.427354
0.501676
0.585289
0.668902
0.761805
0.863998
0.966192
1.077675
1.198449
1.328513
1.477158
1.635094
1.802319
1.960254
2.13677
2.303995
2.480511
2.666317
2.852123
3.037929
3.233026
3.428122
3.623219
3.827605
4.031992
4.245669
4.459346
4.682313
4.89599
5.128248
5.351215
5.583473
5.825021
6.066569
6.308116
6.558955
6.809793
7.060631
7.302179
7.580888
7.850307
8.119726
8.398435

60
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.29729
0.362322
0.427354
0.501676
0.585289
0.668902
0.761805
0.854708
0.956901
1.068385
1.179869
1.309933
1.439997
1.579352
1.737287
1.913803
2.090318
2.266834
2.45264
2.638446
2.824252
3.019349
3.223735
3.418832
3.632509
3.836896
4.050573
4.26425
4.487217
4.654442
4.942442
5.174699
5.406957
5.648505
5.890053
6.131601
6.382439
6.642567
6.893406
7.162824
7.422953
7.701662
7.961791
8.2405
8.519209

66
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.29729
0.362322
0.427354
0.501676
0.575999
0.659612
0.752515
0.845418
0.947611
1.059095
1.170578
1.291352
1.412126
1.551481
1.690835
1.84877
2.015996
2.201802
2.387608
2.591995
2.777801
2.982188
3.186574
3.390961
3.604638
3.818315
4.031992
4.254959
4.477927
4.710184
4.942442
5.18399
5.425538
5.667085
5.917924
5.239731
6.4196
6.679729
6.949147
7.209276
7.478695
7.757404
8.036113
8.314822
8.602822

72
0.037161
0.083613
0.130064
0.176516
0.232258
0.29729
0.362322
0.427354
0.501676
0.575999
0.659612
0.752515
0.845418
0.938321
1.049804
1.161288
1.272772
1.402836
1.5329
1.672255
1.8209
1.969544
2.13677
2.313286
2.517672
2.712769
2.926446
3.130832
3.344509
3.567477
3.781154
4.013411
4.236379
4.468636
4.700894
4.942442
5.18399
5.434828
5.685666
5.936504
6.196633
6.456761
6.72618
6.995599
7.079212
7.543727
7.822436
8.110435
8.398435
8.686434

Weights of Prestressed Concrete Bearing Pile

For computing bearing capacity required on Form RD-209

Constant Section
Wt. Per Lin. Ft.
Pile Type
(Pounds)
I
148
II
200
III
173
IV
212
V
124
VI
169
VII
221
This table is based on and is for use only with Standard Plan 1720-C-R2.

Tapered Section
Total Weight
(Pounds)
None
None
None
None
1740
2500
2950

Steel Pipe Pile Data

ARMCO
Union Metal
Size O.D. (ins)
12
12
12 (Nominal)
Wall T. (ins)
.188
.188
7 Ga.
Wt. per Lin. Ft. (lbs.)
23.72
25.16
25.3
Conc. per Lin. Ft. (C.Y.)
.0273
.0309
.0255
Union Metal 30tapered Se. Type F. Total Wt. 589 Lbs. Conc. 0.55 Cu.Yd.
Size O.E. (ins.)
14
14 (Nominal)
Wall T. (ins.)
.188
7 Ga.
Wt. per Lin. Ft. (Lbs.)
27.66
29.5
Conc. per Lin. Ft. (C.Y.)
.0375
.0350
Union Metal 40tapered Sec. Type F. Total Wt. 895 Lbs. Conc. 0.95 Cu.Yd.
For Raymond step tapered pile contact your District Construction Engineer.

Appendix 4 - 27