KE BRONZ VYSTRIEDAL ME

Jozef Btora Peter Tth

(editori)

Archaeologica Slovaca Monographiae

COMMUNICATIONES

Instituti Archaeologici
Academiae Scientiarum Slovacae

TOMUS XVIII

BRATISLAVAE NITRAE MMXV

ARCHEOLOGICK STAV SLOVENSKEJ AKADMIE VIED

Jozef Btora Peter Tth

(editori)

KE BRONZ VYSTRIEDAL ME

Zbornk prspevkov z XXIII. medzinrodnho sympzia

Staria doba bronzov v echch, na Morave a na Slovensku
Levice 8.11. oktbra 2013

Publikcia vznikla s finannm prispenm Agentry na podporu vskumu a vvoja (na zklade
zmluvy . APVV-14-0550) a Vedeckej grantovej agentry Ministerstva kolstva SR
a Slovenskej akadmie vied (projekt VEGA 2/0036/13)

BRATISLAVA NITRA 2015

Jozef Btora Peter Tth

(editori)
KE BRONZ VYSTRIEDAL ME
Bratislava Nitra 2015
Archaeologica Slovaca Monographiae
Communicationes
Tomus XVIII
Hlavn redaktor: doc. PhDr. Matej Ruttkay, CSc.
Zostavovatelia a vkonn redaktori: prof. PhDr. Jozef Btora, DrSc.; Mgr. Peter Tth, PhD.
Recenzenti: PhDr. Vladimr Mit, PhD., prof. PhDr. Egon Wiedermann, CSc.
Potaov sadzba: Mria Kunov
Preklady do nemeckho jazyka: PhDr. ubomr Novotn, PhD.
Preklady do anglickho jazyka: Mgr. Peter Apiar, Mgr. Martin Baa, Mgr. Katarna Gajarsk, Mgr. Martin
Hanu, Mgr.ZuzanaLitviakov, BA. Paul

Mitchell,
Mgr. Martin Neu
mann, Mgr. Roman Vvra
Tla VEDA, vydavatestvo SAV, Bratislava
Roziruje:





Nepredajn.

Archeologick stav SAV

Akademick 2, 949 21 Nitra
tel.: +421/37/6943 209
fax: +421/37/733 56 18
e-mail: gabriela.holkova@savba.sk

Katedra archeolgie, Filozofick fakulta

Univerzita Komenskho v Bratislave
Gondova 2, 814 99 Bratislava
tel.: +421/2/59339416
e-mail: andrea.bondorova@uniba.sk

Za znenie, obsah prspevkov, ako i za kvalitu obrazovch prloh zodpovedaj autori.

Neprelo jazykovou pravou.
Na prednej strane oblky: Leteck zber na lokalitu Vrable-Fidvr (foto I. Kuzma 2012).
Na zadnej strane oblky: Odkrvanie zhorenho domu ntickej kultry na sdlisku Vrble-Fidvr (foto
Archv A SAV Nitra, P. Tth).

Vydal
Archeologick stav SAV Nitra, Katedra archeolgie
FiF UK Bratislava 2015

ISBN 978-80-89315-93-2

OBSA H
PREDSL OV ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 9
K U LT RY, K U LT R N E V Z A H Y, C H RONOL GI A .................................................................................................... 11
Mria Novotn
Die Koany-Gruppe und ihre kulturell-chronologische Entwicklung................................................................................. 13
Kotianska skupina a jej kultrno-chronologick vvoj.......................................................................................................... 26
Viktria Kiss
Recent data on chronology, distribution, and connections of Kisapostag, Transdanubian Encrusted Pottery
and Litzenkeramik .......................................................................................................................................................................... 27
Nedvne dta k chronolgii, rozreniu a kontaktom kultry Kisapostag, severopannskej kultry
a Litzenkeramik ............................................................................................................................................................................... 37
Jan Bouzek
ntick kultura a civilizace vchodnho Stedomo, Egypta a Mezopotmie ................................................................. 39
The ntice culture and East Mediterranean civilisations, Egypt and Mesopotamia ....................................................... 47
David Ronovsk
Nkolik poznmek k chronologii moravsk vteovsk skupiny na zklad rozboru vybranch keramickch tvar ....... 51
Some notes to the chronology of the Vteov group in Moravia based on an analysis of selected ceramic shapes .......... 66
Lubo Jir Radka umberov
Der Abschlussphase der lteren Bronzezeit im stlichen Teil mittelbhmischen Gebietes ................................................... 67
Zvren fze star doby broznov ve vchodn sti stednch ech .................................................................................... 73
SDL I SK , SDL I SKOV T RU K T RY, DY NA M I K A O SDL E N I A ..................................................................... 75
Jaroslav Peka Arkadiusz Tajer
Problematika epirovch sdli na Morav stav poznn ..................................................................................................... 77
Problems of the Epi-Corded Ware settlements in Moravia state of research ......................................................................... 103
Jaromr Kovrnk
Opevovac pkop ze star doby bronzov u atova, okr. Znojmo. Dal ppady obloukovitch pkop
zjitnch leteckm vzkumem ......................................................................................................................................................... 105
The fortification ditch from the Early Bronze Age in atov, dist. Znojmo. Other examples of the bowshaped ditches
found out by aerial survey .................................................................................................................................................................. 121
Jozef Btora Peter Tth Knut Rassmann
Centrlne sdlisko zo starej doby bronzovej vo Vrboch ............................................................................................................123
The central settlement from the Early Bronze Age in Vrble ........................................................................................................137
Jozef Btora Peter Tth Martin Baa
Vskumy opevnench sdlisk zo starej doby bronzovej vo vchodnej asti Podunajskej niny ...................................... 139
The research of the fortified settlements from the Early Bronze Age in the eastern part of the Danubian
Lowlands ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 154
Jlius Vavk Pavol Jelnek Jana Hlavat udmila Illov
Doklady metalurgie naopevnenom sdlisku maarovskej kultry v Budmericiach ............................................................. 157
Proofs of metallurgy from the fortified settlement of the Maarovce culture in Budmerice ................................................ 184
Mrio Bielich
Nov nlezy zo starej doby bronzovej zoaroviec ...................................................................................................................... 187
New archaeological finds from the Early Bronze Age in arovce ............................................................................................... 198
Michaela Langov Albta Danielisov
Sdlitn arel star doby bronzov v Brandse nad Labem. Objekty s lidskmi kosternmi pozstatky ........................ 201
The Early Bronze Age settlement area in Brands nad Labem. Features with human skeletal remains ............................ 216
Peter Tth Dominika Oravkinov
Sdeln stratgie v zvere starej doby bronzovej na Slovensku ................................................................................................. 217
Settlement strategies at the end of Early Bronze Age in Slovakia ............................................................................................... 241
David Parma
Poznmky k sdelnm strukturm star a stedn doby bronzov na jin Morav ............................................................... 243
Remarks on the settlement structures of South Moravian Early and Middle Bronze Age .................................................... 260
Pavol teiner
Loom-weights of the Otomani-Fzesabony cultural complex from Barca I ............................................................................. 261
Hlinen zvaia otomansko-fzesabonyskho kultrneho komplexu z Barce I .................................................................... 268

P OH R E BI SK , P OH R E BN R T US ..................................................................................................................................... 271
Jozef Btora Zuzana Litviakov Jozef Vladr
Analza vybranch hrobovch celkov zpohrebiska nitrianskej kultry Nitra-erm ...................................................... 273
The analysis of selected grave units from the burial ground of the Nitra culture in Nitra-erm .................................. 284
Petr Limbursk
Variabilita konstrukc pravy hrob na pohebiti ve Vlinvsi. Kproblematice interpretace fosftovch analz ......... 285
Variability of grave construction arrangements in Vlinves burial site. On the issue of the phosphate analyses
interpretation ................................................................................................................................................................................. 293
Petr Limbursk Nikola Kotov Zuzana Kalfusov
Vzkumy vpskovn ve Vlinvsi, okr. Mlnk ........................................................................................................................ 295
Excavations in the sand quarry in Vlinves, dist. Mlnk ..................................................................................................... 298
Petr Limbursk Jaroslav Frna Marek Fikrle
Kovov industrie star doby bronzov z Vlinvsi ...................................................................................................................299
The Early Bronze Age metal artefacts from Vlinves ............................................................................................................. 303
Tereza Rychtakov
tpan industrie star doby bronzov zVlinvsi, okr. Mlnk ........................................................................................... 305
The Early Bronze Age chipped stone industry from Vlinves, dist. Mlnk ...................................................................... 308
Petr Limbursk Petr Menk Vlastimil Krl
Brouen kamenn industrie zhrob star doby bronzov zVlinvsi .............................................................................. 309
Polished stone industry from the Early Bronze Age graves from Vlinves ........................................................................ 313
Ladislav Olexa Tom Novek
Vskum pohrebiska zo starej doby bronzovej vNinej Myli. Predklasick horizont pamiatok ................................ 315
Excavation on the Early Bronze Age burial ground in Nin Mya. Artefacts from the pre-classical horizon .............. 328
Violetta Reiter
Neumarkt an der Ybbs, ein Grberfeld der Bheimkirchner-Gruppe der Vteov-Kultur mit besonderer
Bercksichtigung von Frauenspezifika ..................................................................................................................................... 329
Neumarkt an der Ybbs. A cemetery of the Bheimkirchen group of the Vteov culture with particular attention
paid to women-specific issues .................................................................................................................................................... 338
Eszter Melis
Inhumation burials from the Early Bronze Age in Gyr-Mnfcsanak .................................................................................... 339
Kostrov hroby zo starej doby bronzovej v Gyr-Mnfcsanak .............................................................................................. 353
Petr Krituf Ondej vejcar
Potential of spatial structure analysis of the Early and Middle Bronze Age cemeteries in Bohemia ................................. 355
Potencil analzy prostorov struktury ran a stedn doby bronzov na pohebitch v echch ................................... 369
DE P O T Y, DE P ONOVA N I E , T E C H NOL O GIC K I NOVC I E ...................................................................................... 371
Vra Klontza-Jaklov
The LM IB Hoarding Horizon on Crete (An essay) .................................................................................................................... 373
Horizont depot LM IB na Krt (Esej) ........................................................................................................................................ 389
Milan sala
Kovov depozita ntick kultury zvinn polohy u Reic (okr. Znojmo) ............................................................................ 391
ntice culture metal hoards from hill-top site in Reice (dist. Znojmo) .................................................................................. 412
Jaroslav Frna Marek Fikrle
Analzy prvkovho sloen pedmt zReic ze star doby bronzov ................................................................................... 415
Analysis of element composition of the Early Bronze Age items from Reice ........................................................................ 420
Ondej Chvojka Jan John Tereza lkov
Nov kovov depoty ze star doby bronzov vjinch echch ............................................................................................... 421
New metal hoards from the Early Bronze Age in Southern Bohemia ...................................................................................... 430
Jozef Vladr dominika oravkinov
Tezaurcia bronzovch a zlatch predmetov na opevnenom sdlisku v Spiskom tvrtku ................................................ 433
Thesauration of bronze and gold artifacts on the fortified settlement in Spisk tvrtok ..................................................... 451
Katarna Holmov Michal Takcs
Keramick depot zdoby bronzovej na sdlisku G .................................................................................................................... 453
Ein Keramikdepotfund aus der Bronzezeit von der Siedlung G ........................................................................................... 466

Zbornk venujeme prof. PhDr. Jozefovi Vladrovi, DrSc.,

pri prleitosti jeho vznamnho ivotnho jubilea

P R EDSLOV
dolie Hrona od Tlmaov a po vtok do Dunaja patr zhadiska
archeolgie knajbohatm krajom Slovenska
tefan Jank (1938)

V doch 8.11. oktbra 2013 sa v priestoroch Tekovskho mzea v Leviciach uskutonila XXIII. medzinrodn konferencia o starej dobe bronzovej v echch, na Morave a na Slovensku. Jej organiztormi bol Archeologick stav SAV v Nitre, Katedra archeolgie FiF UK v Bratislave a Tekovsk mzeum
vLeviciach. Zastnilo sa jej vye 70 bdateov o je rekordn poet astnkov vo vye dvadsa ronej
histrii tchto podujat. Popri tradinch astnkoch zo Slovenska, iech a Moravy sme privtali i kolegov z Nemecka, Poska, Maarska a Anglicka. Na konferencii odznelo vye 40 refertov a vyvesench bolo 9posterov, z ktorch vina v podobe prspevkov je obsahom predloenho zbornka. as
prezentovanch refertov priniesla zkladn informciu o novch vsledkoch ternnych vskumov
aprieskumov. Viacer z nich vak nezostali iba pri zkladnch informcich, ale priniesli nov pohady
a interpretcie preskmanch ternnych situci a nlezov. Takmer vo vetkch refertoch rezonovala
interdisciplinrna spoluprca archeolgie a prrodnch, technickch a lekrskych vied. Prezentovan
boli i nov spsoby a metdy vyhodnotenia materilu. Mali sme tak monos dozvedie sa o celkovom
smerovan a sasnch trendoch vskumu starej doby bronzovej v stredoeurpskom priestore. Viacer referty vyvolali kvalitn odborn diskusiu, o pozitvne hodnotila aj prevan vina astnkov.
Osobitnm prnosom konferencie bola as predstaviteov najstarej genercie, tzv. klasikov, pecialistov na problematiku doby bronzovej na strane jednej (prof. J. Bouzek, dr. V. Moucha, prof. M. Novotn,
prof. J. Vladr) a poetn prtomnos reprezentantov mladej nastupujcej genercie vrtane doktorandov
aerstvch absolventov z viacerch univerzt na strane druhej. Uveden skutonos sa osobitne pozitvne prejavila aj poas jednodovej exkurzie, ke priamo na opevnenom sdlisku zo starej doby bronzovej
v Nitrianskom Hrdku, v polohe Zmeek, si klasici zaspomnali na asy strven na vskume tejto
mimoriadne dleitej archeologickej lokality. Poas exkurzie astnci navtvili okrem urian-Nitrianskeho Hrdku i alie vznamn nlezisk akmi s Vrble Fidvr a Svodn Busahegy. Spestrenm
exkurzie bola nvteva nrodnej kultrnej pamiatky, katedrly a kltora v nealekom Hronskom Beadiku, alej skromnho Vojenskho mzea v Pohronskom Ruskove a Mestskho mzea v eliezovciach
spojen so sugestvnym vkladom jeho zamestnanca p. L. Polku.
V jednotlivch prspevkoch sa autori tematicky venuj kultrnym vzahom, chronolgii, sdliskm,
pohrebiskm, ale i depotom bronzovch predmetov a inovcim. Vaka asti kolegov zo susednch
krajn sa geografick zber prspevkov rozril ina okolit oblasti.
Poas redaknch prc na zbornku ns, ia, opustili dvaja kamenn astnci naich pravidelnch
stretnut dr. K. Markov z Archeologickho stavu SAV Nitra a dr. V. Moucha z Archeologickho stavu
AV R Praha.
Na prprave zbornka sa vznamnou mierou podieali i intern doktorandi Katedry archeolgie FiF
UK v Bratislave (Mgr. P. Apiar, Mgr. M. Baa, Mgr. K. Gajarsk, Mgr. M. Hanu, Mgr. Z. Litviakov,
Mgr. M. Neumann a Mgr. R. Vvra), za o im patr poakovanie.
Na tomto mieste si v mene organiztorov za vytvorenie prjemnej tvorivej atmosfry poas konania konferencie dovoujeme poakova vedeniu Tekovskho mzea v Leviciach na ele s p. riaditeom
PhDr.J. Danom, ako aj kolegyni odbornej pracovnke archeologike mzea Mgr. G. Novkovej.
Do tohto mzea sme sa teda po smich rokoch vrtili nie nhodou pri uskutonen alieho vedeckho podujatia, aby sme prve tu zorganizovali nau aliu konferenciu o dobe bronzovej. Urobili sme
tak radi, pretoe sme vedeli, e ns tu ak prjemn, takmer rodinn prostredie ako aj vdni a prjemn
kolegovia.
Jozef Btora a Peter Tth

astnci XXIII. medzinrodnho sympzia Staria doba bronzov v echch, na Morave a na Slovensku
(foto archv Tekovskho mzea v Leviciach).

Rekontrukcia zstavby opevnenho sdliska zo starej doby bronzovej vo Vrboch, v polohe Fidvr
(vyhotovil P. Tth).

K U LT RY, K U LT R N E VZ A H Y,
C H RONOLGI A

K E BRONZ V YST R I EDAL M E, BR AT I SL AVA N I T R A 2015, 2738

R EC EN T DATA ON C H RONOLOGY, DIST R I BU T ION,

A N D CON N EC T IONS OF K ISA POSTAG, T R A NSDA N U BI A N
ENC RUST ED POT T E RY A N D LI TZ EN K E R A M I K
V I K T R I A K I S S

Recent data on chronology, distribution, and connections of Kisapostag, Transdanubian Encrusted Pottery and Litzenkeramik. In the last two decades significant amount of new data has contributed to archaeological research of Early and Middle
Bronze Age in western Hungary. A number of newly discovered settlements and cemeteries assigned to the Transdanubian
Encrusted Pottery culture, and to its antecedent, the Kisapostag culture. The collection of a substantial archaeological data
supplemented by the entire distribution of the Encrusted Pottery culture and new studies on ceramic typology made it possible
to develop adetailed relative chronology. Much new information came to light on the widely dispersed Litzenkeramik as well;
pottery finds with similar decoration have been found in more than 150 sites.
Key words: Early and Middle Bronze Age, western Hungary, Kisapostag, Transdanubian Encrusted Pottery, Litzenkeramik.

I N T RODUC T ION
In recent decades significant amount of new data has contributed to archaeological research of Early
and Middle Bronze Age in western Hungary. A number of newly discovered settlements and cemeteries
assigned to the Encrusted Pottery culture and to its antecedent, the Kisapostag culture as well as
other excavations with Litzenkeramik finds have completed our knowledge of the mentioned periods.
Regarding chronology I have to emphasize the difference between the Central European Reinecke
chronology and Hungarian Early and Middle Bronze Age periodisation (fig. 1). The 3rd phase of the Early
Bronze Age in Hungary can be correlated with the beginning of RB A1 period. The following 1st and the
2nd phase of the Middle Bronze Age with RB A2a-b, and the 3rd phase of the Middle Bronze Age in Hungary (the Koszider period) can be correlated with the RB A2c (the Bhl horizon) and also with the RB B
phase (the Lochham horizon; Neugebauer 1994, Abb. 4).
According to some radiocarbon dates we can date the turn of the Hungarian Early and the Middle
Bronze Age, similar to the turn of the RB A1 and A2 phases, around 2000 BC.

K ISA PO STAG
The Kisapostag culture was first recognised by A. Mozsolics, who grouped the material into two
phases; an early phase (Kisapostag I) characterised by the presence of the thin reeled stick decoration
technique (cord coiled up a bone or wooden stick), and a late phase (Kisapostag II) defined by the appearance of the rolled stick technique represented on vessels in wide bands. A. Mozsolics dated the
Kisapostag II phase to the end of Bronze Age I (Mozsolics 1942).
However, during the 1960s and 1970s, discussions concerned the independent existence of the
Kisapostag culture (Bndi 1972; 1984), the technical and formal observations of A. Mozsolics were put in
new light by I. Torma. He observed two phases within Mozsolicss Kisapostag I: the 1st phase is characterized by reeled stick decoration without encrustation, and the 2nd phase characterized by reeled stick
decoration with encrustation; he defined Mozsolicss Kisapostag II phase with the appearance of the
rolled stick technique as the 3rd development phase of Kisapostag ceramic manufacture (Torma 1972;
1978). M. Csnyi defined the Kisapostag 3 phase as the transition phase between the Kisapostag culture
and the Encrusted Pottery culture (Csnyi 1978). The typological characteristics and distribution of this
transitional ceramic material have since been recognised in new finds; I call this transitional phase as
the Late Kisapostag-Early Encrusted Pottery phase (Honti/Kiss 1996; Kiss 2012a), and consider it as the
beginning of the Transdanubian Encrusted Pottery (fig. 2: phase 1).
27

V I K TR I A K I S S

Fig. 1. Chronological chart of western and southeastern parts of Central Europe.

The reeled stick technique was originated from the Middle Dneper area by I. Bna, or from epiCorded ware (Chopice-Vesel or Nitra) groups by G. Bndi (Bna 1961; Bndi 1984). Both models connected the Kisapostag pottery to the Litzenkeramik or Guntramsdorf-Drassburg group as well, however
the differences between the Kisapostag type reeled stick decoration and the twisted cord impressions of
the Litzenkeramik was detected already by P. Patay in 1938 (renar 2010, fig. 2; Neugebauer 1994, Abb. 77;
Patay 1938, 38).
I. Torma found the formal antecedents of the Kisapostag culture amongst the vessel shapes of the
Mak culture in Transdanubia; according to his opinion relations with the Litzenkeramik culture could
be traced back to same origin, although on the other hand it is possible that the Litzenkeramik itself
originated from Kisapostag vessel shapes (Torma 1972). Instead of the Mak ceramics as formative local
antecedents, the concept of Somogyvr-Vinkovci origins were introduced recently: in the assemblages
discovered in the area of Blatna Brezovica (Slovenia) and Sarva (Croatia) characteristic features of the
Somogyvr-Vinkovci and the Kisapostag culture appear that can be called late Somogyvr-Vinkovci/
proto Kisapostag horizon (fig. 3: 12; Dirjec 1991; Horvth et al. 2013; Kiss/Kulcsr 2007). Similar pottery
style also occur in Transdanubia, e.g. from Mnfcsanak (fig. 3: 35; Figler 1994; 1996), Balatonszemes
(Kiss 2007a, fig. 16), Balatonszd (Horvth et al. 2013; Horvth/Kulcsr 2012) and Letenye (fig. 3: 6). In
Croatia Z. Markovi (2003) originates the Litzenkeramik from the Vinkovci culture, and makes its early
(proto Litzen) phase and the Kisapostag culture contemporary. Most recently Slovenian scholars assume the independent existence of the Kisapostag type pottery in the south-eastern Alpine region,
succeeding the Somogyvr-Vinkovci culture and evolving into the Litzen type pottery (renar 2010;
Sankovi 2010).
In the core area of the Kisapostag culture, inhumations (fig. 3: 7) and cremation burials were disco
vered (Brdos 2000; Somogyi 2004; Szab 2009; 2010). The reason for this biritual burial practice is so far
unknown chronological or social explanations were both suggested (Bna 1961; Honti 1996; 1999; Psztor
1993; Somogyi 2004). Recent data support chronological explanation. The results of a new excavation at
Bonyhd indicate that the dominant burial tradition in Kisapostag phase 1 was inhumation, while cremation began to be employed in Kisapostag phase 2. Two burials indicate the introduction of cremation
into this community: in these cases the deceased were cremated in the burial pit. Reddening on grave
walls and floor was present and the cremated bones remained in anatomical order, lying on the back
28

R EC E N T DATA ON C H RONOLO G Y, DI ST R I BU T ION, A N D CON N EC T IONS OF K I SA P O STAG, T R A NS DA N U BI A N

E NC RUST ED P O T T E RY A N D L I TZ E N K E R A M I K

Fig. 2. Relative chronology of the Transdanubian Encrusted Pottery.

with legs pulled up on the left, similar to the inhumation burials in the same cemetery (Szab/Hajdu 2011,
fig. 4). In the subsequent Late Kisapostag-Early Encrusted Pottery phase scattered cremation burials and
urn burials occur in equal proportions during which inhumation burial became rarer (Kiss 2012a, fig. 70).
According to metallurgical analysis the metal finds of this period were manufactured from copper
without tin (e.g. arm rings and a spectacle-spiral from Mnfcsanak or hair rings and tubular bronze
beads from Ordacsehi; Junghans/Sangmeister/Schrder 1974, 13820, 13825858; Kiss 2012a, 135136; Klt
2004; Mithay 1942, pl. III. 17; Somogyi 2004). The copper came from sulphidic fahlore (Fahlerz) minerals
rich in trace elements such as arsenic, antimony and silver.
On the basis of radiocarbon dates the classical Kisapostag culture can be dated to the period between
21001870 BC and 17401630 BC (5 dates from Vrs-Mriaasszony-Sziget, SW Hungary: Kiss 2012c, 223;
Medzihradszky et al. 2009, table 1), 19601870 BC (65,4 %; Mnfcsanak-Szles fldek, NW Hungary: Melis
2013, fig. 9) and 19041776 BC (68,2 %; Pod Kotom, NE Slovenia: renar 2010).
29

V I K TR I A K I S S

Fig. 3. 12 Blatna Brezovica (after Dirjec 1991, T. III, T. V); 3 Gyr-Mnfcsanak-Szeles (after Figler 1996, T. III. 9); 45 Balatonszd, feature 2014, feature 2137 (after Horvth/Kulcsr 2012, 5. bra 2, 2. bra 6); 6 Letenye; 7 Kaposvr-Route 61/Site 14,
feature 9 (after Brdos 2000, T. IV. 4-11).

30

R EC E N T DATA ON C H RONOLO G Y, DI ST R I BU T ION, A N D CON N EC T IONS OF K I SA P O STAG, T R A NS DA N U BI A N

E NC RUST ED P O T T E RY A N D L I TZ E N K E R A M I K

T R A NSDA N U BI A N ENC RUST ED POT T ERY

The collection of a substantial archaeological data from Transdanubia supplemented by the entire
distribution of the Encrusted Pottery culture and new studies on ceramic typology made it possible to
develop a detailed relative chronology.
The archeological material, dating to the Late Kisapostag-Early Encrusted Pottery phase, can be found
throughout the entire distribution area of the Encrusted Pottery culture during the beginning of the
Middle Bronze Age (fig. 2: phase 1; correlating with the transition of RB A1b/2a). Following this transitional period, the pottery style in northern and southern regions of Transdanubia developed differently.
Ornamentations of wide encrustations cover the surface of the vessels of the southern Transdanubian
group, while the characteristic decoration style of the northern Transdanubian group includes thin-lined
and concentrical circle motifs.
By comparing the stages of development of the two territorial groups, an older (fig. 2: phase 2) and
ayounger Encrusted Pottery phase (fig. 2: phase 3) can be outlined in both the northern and southern archaeological material. Within the younger period, assemblages with late forms dating to the final phase
can be distinguished and associated with the Late Encrusted Pottery-Proto Szeremle phase which is
closely related to the formation of the Szeremle style at the end of the Middle Bronze Age, namely the
Koszider period (Kiss 2012a, 1778).
In the older and younger phases of the northern Transdanubian group, both the urn burial and the
scattered cremation tradition continued, and inhumation is hardly ever documented. In south Transdanubia after the decrease of urn burials in the older phase, scattered cremations became dominant (Kiss
2012a, 225246).
Previous research drew attention to similarities between certain metal ornament types and decoration occuring on ceramic vessels of the Transdanubian Encrusted Pottery culture, and also on clay
figurines in the Lower Danube region (Honti/Kiss 2000; Kovcs 1986). With the help of osteological data,
G.Szab and T. Hajdu analysed the encrusted decoration motifs based on the burial assemblages from
the recently excavated Bonyhd cemetery. They realized that several encrusted patterns correlate with
gender: in burials of females, pottery frequently occurs with zig-zag lines and vertical bundles of lines,
while the net-pattern motif appears on vessels associated with male burials (Szab/Hajdu 2011). Besides
these motifs and depictions of bronze jewellery (neck rings, pendants), parts of the human body (hands,
faces) can also be identified by inlaid patterns on vessels of Transdanubian Encrusted Pottery (fig. 4:12;
Gucsi 2011; Szab 2013; Szab/Hajdu 2011). This sophisticated ornament style appears with the Late Kisapostag-Early Encrusted Pottery phase, simultaneously with the dominance of cremation. By applying
these motifs the gender of the deceased was obvious, even after the destruction of the characteristic
grave goods by cremation, for the Middle Bronze Age Transdanubian population.
Further detailed observations can be made on the Encrusted Pottery cultures metalwork based on
a large number of artefacts: bronze and gold hoards, as well as ornaments and tools from 130 sites (Kiss
2012a, 89150). The Tolnanmedi type (18 bronze and 4 gold) hoards represent the characteristic bronzework of the cultures younger phase (fig. 2: phase 3). The local production of these artefacts, beside their
Transdanubian distribution, is proven by a few moulds found on Transdanubian sites. The concealment
of these hoards can not be explained by a single, short-term event (e.g. war) before the end of the Middle
Bronze Age, and ritual contexts should be considered (Kiss 2009). Among the objects of the Tolnanmedi
hoards Koszider type artefacts do not appear; the typologically and morphologically similar ornaments
(disc- and anchor-form pendants) can be interpreted as antecedents of the Koszider types. Other genuine
Koszider type bronze artefacts (pins, axes), however, occur among Late Encrusted Pottery-Proto Sze
remle burial assemblages (fig. 2: late forms). This implies that after the concealment of the Tolnanmedi
type hoards the presumably small-sized communities living during the final period of the population
gradually switched to wearing new garment styles and to the use of a different set of tools. Based on
the distinct metal composition of the Tolnanmedi and Koszider hoards, the exchange networks of raw
material supply also changed (Honti/Kiss 2013; P. Fischl et al. 2013; see also in case of the Gta-Wieselburg
culture: Duberow/Pernicka/Krenn-Leeb 2009, 344, fig. 12, fig. 13).

31

V I K TR I A K I S S

Fig. 4. 1 Kaposvr-Route 61/Site 2, grave 213; 2 unknown site (Dombvr Local Museum, after Szab/Hajdu 2011, fig. 7);
36Kaposvr-Route 61/Site 1, feature 322; 78 Kaposvr-Route 61/Site 1, feature 343; 911 Sikls-Tglagyr, Grave 3.

LI TZENKER A M I K
The already mentioned Litzenkeramik played an important role in Bronze Age Transdanubia. There
is no doubt that this type of pottery can be dated to Early and Middle Bronze Age by the Central European chronological system (RB A-B; Benkovsky-Pivovarov 1981) however, the materials interpretation
and the question of its independence remains debated. This ceramic type spread across a large region
and been discovered together with other cultures assemblages, therefore it was interpreted as a special
type of fine ware by some researchers, and not an independent pottery group (Neugebauer 1977; 1978;
Oni 1998). When defining the material of the earliest Tumulus Grave groups in Transdanubia, both T.
Kovcs and G. Vkony assigned great importance to the above-mentioned Litzenkeramik assemblages.
According to T. Kovcs, the population using Litzenkeramik can be located in two closed distribution
blocks: in the northwestern (in Burgenland and around Neusiedler See) and southern (in the Voivodina:
Belegi culture) part of the Carpathian Basin. Sporadically this type of decoration may be found in other
areas of Hungary as well, in the earliest assemblages of the Tumulus Grave culture, e.g. at Tiszafred
Majoroshalom. T. Kovcs mentioned 35 sites with Litzenkeramik around Neusiedler See, along the river
Leitha and scattered in the western half of the Carpathian Basin (Kovcs 1994; 1997). After reviewing the
32

R EC E N T DATA ON C H RONOLO G Y, DI ST R I BU T ION, A N D CON N EC T IONS OF K I SA P O STAG, T R A NS DA N U BI A N

E NC RUST ED P O T T E RY A N D L I TZ E N K E R A M I K

sites in Komrom County, G. Vkony listed 57 sites belonging to the Litzenkeramik, inseparable from
the early Tumulus Grave culture in the wider region of the Carpathian Basin (from Austria, eastern and
western Hungary, Slovakia, Croatia, Slovenia and Bosnia-Herzegovina; Vkony 2000).
During the last two decades much new information came to light on the widely dispersed Litzenkeramik. Pottery finds with similar decoration have been found in more than 150 sites (Kiss 2013). Chronologically less usable stray finds still dominate, a few smaller, closed assemblages, however, are well
dated (fig. 4: 311; Honti 1994; Kiss 2012a, 161, 172174, pl. 34. 1013; Kiss 2013, fig. 23; Kvassay/Kiss/Bondr
2004). Thus, finds with Litzen-decoration are not inseparable from the early Tumulus Grave culture and
not only the fingerprints of the Koszider period, as G. Vkony interpreted them, but are the result of
alonger relationship from the beginning of the Hungarian Middle Bronze Age (RB A2) until the beginning of Late Bronze Age in Hungary (RB B).
In order to achieve a better understanding of the type, it might be worth to divide Litzenkeramik assemblages into a few groups, as done previously based on much less material by Z. Benkovsky-Pivovarov (1981). Recently Austrian research accepted the Litzenkeramik as a cultural group in its own right in
the area of Lower Austria and Burgenland, east of the Vienna Forest, and it is termed as the Drassburg
culture by Z. Benkovsky-Pivovarov (Neugebauer 1994, 141, Abb. 4). Most recently Slovenian motorway
rescue-excavations unearthed settlements (e.g. at Murska Sobota) where Litzenkeramik was discovered
from well-documented, discrete features (Gutin 2005; Sankovi 2010). These sites from northeast Slovenia
and more recent assemblages from Styria, as well as the settlement of Wildon near Graz, draw attention
to the possibility that the distribution area of the Litzen-decorated pottery can be found even further
south than it was thought earlier; to the southern regions of Burgenland and to Styria (Kiss 2007b; 2012b;
Krenn-Leeb 2006). According to the above mentioned data, the east Slovenian, northwest Croatian and
east Austrian Litzenkeramik was contemporaneous with the Maarovce/Veteov/Bheimkirchen culture
(Kiss 2007b, fig. 1), as well as with the younger and late phases of the Transdanubian Encrusted Pottery. The close relationship between neighbouring cultures explains the presence of Encrusted Pottery
imports south of the Drava and Litzenkeramik imports in southern Transdanubia (e.g. from Kaposvr,
Somogyvr, Vrs or Sikls-Tglagyar).
SU M M A RY
The aim of this paper was to review data concerning the end of the Early and Middle Bronze Age in
western Hungary. I attempted to summarize the results of recent archaeological research of the Kisapostag culture, the Transdanubian Encrusted Pottery culture, and Litzenkeramik. This study was supported by Hungarian National Scientific Grant (OTKA) project Nr. 108597.
Viktria Kiss, PhD.
Institute of Archaeology
Research Centre for the Humanities
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
ri u. 49 H-1014 Budapest
kiss.viktoria@btk.mta.hu

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NEDV NE DTA K CH RONOLGI I, ROZRENI U A KONTA KTOM K U LT RY

K ISA POSTAG, SEVEROPANNSKEJ K U LT RY A LI TZENKER A M I K
Viktria Kiss
Vek mnostvo dt zskanch v poslednch dekdach umonilo prehodnoti vvoj starej a strednej doby bronzovej
v zpadnom Maarsku. Bolo objavench mnostvo novch sdlisk a pohrebsk patriacich kisapostckej aseveropannskej
kultre. Sbor dleitch archeologickch dt zo Zadunajska, doplnen celkovm rozrenm severopannskej kultry,
a nov tdie o typolgii keramiky umonili rozvin podrobn relatvnu chronolgiu. Poas poslednch dvoch dekd
sa taktie objavilo mnoho novch informci tkajcich sa rozrenia Litzenkeramik, kde keramick nlezy s podobnou
vzdobou sa nali na viac ako 150 lokalitch.

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Archaeometry = Archaeometry. The Bulletin of
the Research Laboratory for Archaeology and
the History of Art
Archeometr. Mh. = Archeometriai Mhely
Arrabona = Arrabona. A Gyri Xantus Jnos Mzeum vknyve
AVANS = AVANS. Archeologick vskumy a nlezy na Slovensku
Ber. RGK = Berichte der Rmisch-Germanischen
Kommission
Bulletin Assoc. Fr. = Bulletin de lAssociation Franaise pour ltude de lge du Fer
Comm. Arch. Hung. = Communicationes Archaeologicae Hungariae
asopis Moravskho Mus. Brno = asopis
Moravskho Musea v Brn. Brno
asopis Moravskho Mus. Brno Sci. Soc. = asopis
Moravskho Musea v Brn. Brno. Scientiae
Sociales
asopis Slezskho Muz. = asopis Slezskho
Muzea v Opav
asopis Vlasteneckho Spolku Mus. Olomouc
= asopis Vlasteneckho Spolku Musejnho
vOlomouci. Olomouc
eskoslovensk Etnogr. = eskoslovensk
Etnografie. Praha
Dacia = Dacia. Revue dArchologie et dHistoire
Ancienne
Debreceni Dri-Mz. vk. = A Debreceni Dri-Mzeum vknyve
Fines Trans. = Fines Transire
Folia Arch. = Folia Archaeologica. Annales Musei
Nationalis Hungarici
Fundber Baden-Wrttemberg = Fundberichte aus
Baden-Wrttemberg
Fundber. sterreich = Fundberichte aus sterreich
Germania = Germania. Anzeiger der Rmisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen
Archologischen Instituts
Giesserei = Giesserei
Hist. Carpatica = Historica Carpatica. Zbornk Vchodoslovenskho mzea v Koiciach. Koice
Hung. Arch. = Hungarian Archaeology
IANSA = Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica. Natural Sciences in Archaeology
Istros = Istros

J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. = Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry

Jahrb. DAI = Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archologischen Instituts
Jahrb. RGZM = Jahrbuch des Rmisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz
Jahresber. RGZM = Jahresbericht der Bayerischen
Bodendenkmalpflege
Jin Morava = Jin Morava. Vlastivdn Sbork.
Mikulov
Journal Arch. Res. = Journal of Archaeological Research
Journal Arch. Scien. = Journal of Archaeological
Sciences
Komrom-Esztergom Mz. Kzl. = Komrom-Esztergom Megyei Mzeumok Kzlemnyei
Krsy Slov. = Krsy Slovenska. Obrzkov asopis
venovan prrodnm krsam a zaujmavostiam Slovenska, turistike, cestovnmu ruchu,
horolezectvu, jaskyniarstvu, ochrane prrody
anrodopisu. Bratislava
Kwartalnik Hist. = Kwartalnik Historyczny
Miner. Slovaca = Mineralia Slovaca
Mitt. Anthr. Ges. Wien = Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft Wien
Mitt. Berliner Ges. Anthr. = Mitteilungen der Berliner Gesellschaft fr Anthropologie, Ethnologie
und Urgeschichte
Musaica = Zbornk Filozofickej fakulty Univerzity
Komenskho. Musaica. Bratislava
Nachrbl. Dt. Vorzeit = Nachrichtenblatt fr Deutsche Vorzeit
NAR = Norwegian Archaeological Review
Nov Obzory = Nov obzory. Spoloenskovedn
zbornk vchodnho Slovenska. Koice
Obzor Praehist. = Obzor Praehistorick. Praha
Opuscula Arch. (Zagreb) = Opuscula Archaeologica. Zagreb
Paleont. Electr. = Palaeontologia Electronica
Pam. Arch. = Pamtky Archeologick. Praha
Pam. Mz. = Pamiatky a mze. Revue pre kultrne dedistvo. Bratislava
Ppai Mz. rt. = Ppai Mzeumi rtest
PIA = Papers from the Institute of Archaeology
Poroilo = Poroilo o Raziskovanju Paleolitika,
Neolitika in Eneolitika v Sloveniji
Praehist. = Praehistorica. Praha
Pravk (N) = Pravk. Nov ada. Sbornk Pspvk Moravskch a Slezskch Archeolog. Brno
Pravk Vchodn Moravy = Pravk Vchodn Moravy. Sbornk pro Pravk a asnou Dobu Historickou v Gottwaldovskm kraji. Gottwaldov
Brno
Prask Egyptol. Stud. = Prask Egyptologick Studie. asopis eskho egyptologickho stavu
Filozofick fakulty Univerzity Karlovy v Praze

Prhist. Zeitschr. = Prhistorische Zeitschrift

Preist. Alpina = Preistoria Alpina. Rendiconti delle
Societ di Cultura Preistorica Tridentina
Przegld Arch. = Przegld Archeologiczny
Pehled Vzkum = Pehled Vzkum A SAV.
Brno
Quaternary Internat. = Quaternary International
Quaternary Res. = Quaternary Research
Radiocarbon = Radiocarbon. An International
Journal of Cosmogenic Isotope Research
Rg. Kut. Magyar. = Rgszeti Kutatsok Magyarorszgon
Savaria = Savaria. A Vas Megyei Mzeumok rtest
Sbor. MSS = Sbornk Muzelnej slovenskej spolonosti. Martin
Sbornk eskoslovensk Spolenosti Arch. = Sbornk eskoslovensk Spolenosti Archeologick
pi SAV
Sbornk Nrod. Muz. Praha = Sbornk Nrodnho
Muzea v Praze. Praha
Sbornk Prac Fil. Fak. Brno = Sbornk Prac Filosofick Fakulty Brnnsk Univerzity. Brno
Slov. Arch. = Slovensk archeolgia. asopis Archeologickho stavu Slovenskej akadmie
vied v Nitre. Nitra
Somogyi Mz. Kzl. = Somogyi Mzeumok Kzlemnyei
Spraw. Arch. = Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
Stud. Arch. Brunensia = Studia Archaeologica Brunensia
Stud. Herzynia = Studia Herzynia
Stud. Hist. Nitriensia = Studia Historica Nitriensia.
Nitra
Studie Arch. stavu SAV = Studie Archeologickho stavu SAV. Brno
Studii i Cerc. de Istor. Veche = Studii i Cercetri
de Istorii Veche i Archeologie
tud. Zvesti A SAV = tudijn Zvesti
Archeologickho stavu Slovenskej Akadmie
Vied. Nitra
The Holocene = The Holocene. An Interdisciplinary
Journal focusing on Recent Environmental
Change
Tisicum = Tisicum. A Jsz-Nagykun-Szolnok Megyei Mzeumok vknyve
Vstnk Stt. Geol. stavu SR = Vstnk Sttnho
Geologickho stavu SR
Veszprm Megyei Mz. Kzl. = A Veszprm Megyei Mzeumok Kzlemnyei
VGHM Dobruka = Vojensk geografick ahydrometeorologick ad Dobruka
Vsl. Pravek = Vchodoslovensk pravek. Nitra-Koice
Vzkumy vechch = Vzkumy vechch. Praha

Wosinsky Mr Mz. vk. = A Wosinsky Mr Mzeum vknyve

Zalai Mz. = Zalai Mzeum
Zbor. SNM. Arch. = Zbornk Slovenskho nrodnho mzea. Archeolgia. Bratislava
Zbor. SNM. Hist. = Zbornk Slovenskho nrodnho mzea. Histria. Bratislava
Zbornik Sobo. Muz. = Zbornik Sobokega Muzeja
Zprvy esk Arch. Spolenosti = Zprvy esk
Archeologick Spolenosti Sdruen Archeolog ech, Moravy a Slezska. Praha
iv Archeologie (REA) = iv Archeologie (Re)
konstrukce a experiment v archeologii

EDC I E V Y DVA N V A RC H EOLOGIC KOM STAV E

SAV
Archaeologica Slovaca Monographiae
FONTES

I. Benadk, B./Vlek, E./Ambros, C.: Keltsk pohrebisk na juhozpadnom Slovensku. Bratislava 1957.
II. Budinsk-Krika, V.: Slovansk mohyly vSkalici. Bratislava 1959.

III. Chropovsk, B./Duek, M./Polla, B.: Pohrebisk zo starej doby bronzovej na Slovensku. Bratislava 1960.

IV. Polla, B.: Stredovek zaniknut osada na Spii (Zaluany). Bratislava 1962.

V. Tok, A.: Opevnen osada z doby bronzovej vo Veselom. Bratislava 1964.

4,00.-

VI. Duek, M.: Thrakisches Grberfeld der Hallsattzeit in Chotn. Bratislava 1966.

5,00.-

VII. ilinsk, Z.: Slawisch-awarisches Grberfeld in Nov Zmky. Bratislava 1966.

5,00.-

VIII. Bnesz, L.: Barca bei Koice palolithische Fundstelle. Bratislava 1968.

IX. Novotn, M.: Die Bronzehortfunde in der Slowakei (Sptbronzezeit). Bratislava 1970.

X. Polla, B.: Kemarok (Ergebnisse der historisch-archologischen Forschung). Bratislava 1971.

XI. Svoboda, B.: Neuerworbene rmische Metallgefsse aus Stre bei Pieany. Bratislava 1972.

XII. Vladr, J.: Pohrebisk zo starej doby bronzovej vBrani. Bratislava 1974.

XIII. Ambros, C./Mller, H.-H.: Frhgeschichtliche Pferdeskelettfunde aus dem Gebiet der Tschechoslowakei. Bratislava 1980.

3,00.-

XIV. Kolnk, T.: Rmerzeitliche Grberfelder in der Slowakei. Bratislava 1980.

XV. Rejholcov, M.: Pohrebisko vakajovciach (9.12. storoie). Nitra 1995. Analyse. ISBN 80-88709-23-7

Rejholcov, M.: Pohrebisko vakajovciach (9.12. storoie). Nitra 1995. Analza. ISBN 80-88709-13-X

Rejholcov, M.: Pohrebisko vakajovciach (9.12. storoie). Nitra 1995. Katalg. ISBN 80-88709-22-9

XVI. Kuzmov, K.: Terra sigillata im Vorfeld des nordpannonischen Limes (Sdwestslowakei). Nitra 1997. ISBN 80-88709-32-6

23,00.-

XVII. Kaminsk, .: Hrka-Ondrej. Nitra 2000. ISBN 80-88709-47-4

23,00.-

XVIII. Varsik, V.: Germnske osdlenie na vchodnom predpol Bratislavy. Nitra 2011. ISBN 978-80-89315-34-5

31,00.-

CATALOGI

I. Tok, A.: Slawisch-awarisches Grberfeld in Holiare. Bratislava 1968.

II. Tok, A.: Slawisch-awarisches Grberfeld in trovo. Bratislava 1968.

6,00.

III. Tok, A.: Altmagyarische Grberfelder in Sdwestslowakei. Bratislava 1968.

IV. Duek, M.: Bronzezeitliche Grberfelder in der Sdwestslowakei. Bratislava 1969.

5,00.-

V. ilinsk, Z.: Frhmittelalterliches Grberfeld in elovce. Bratislava 1973.

VI. Veliaik, L./Romsauer, P.: Vvoj a vzah osdlenia luickch a stredodunajskch popolnicovch pol na zpadnom Slovensku I.
Katalg. Nitra 1994. ISBN 80-88709-15-6

VII. Bujna, J.: Mal Kosihy. Latnezeitliches Grberfeld. Katalog. Nitra 1995. ISBN 80-88709-18-0

VIII. Bezinov, G.: Nitra-indolka. Siedlung aus der Latnezeit. Katalog. Bratislava 2000. ISBN 80-224-0649-X

IX. Bezinov, G. a kol.: Nitra-Chrenov. Archeologick vskumy na plochch stavensk Shell a Baumax. Katalg. Nitra 2003.
ISBN 80-88709-62-2

20,00.-

45,00.-

X. Kolnk, T./Varsik, V./Vladr, J.: Bran Germnska osada z 2. a 4. storoia. Nitra 2007. ISBN 978-80-88709-98-5

XI. Lamiov-Schmiedlov, M.: iarov pohrebisko z mladej doby bronzovej na lokalite Dvornky-Velre. Nitra 2009.
ISBN 978-80-89315-13-0

20,70.-

XII. Kaminsk, .: iarovce-Vek Mova. Vskum polykultrneho sdliska. Nitra 2010. ISBN 978-80-89315-28-4

22,50.-

XIII. Bezinov, G./Painov, N.: Neolitick osada. Hurbanovo-Bohat. Nitra 2011. ISBN 978-80-89315-37-6

38,50.-

XIV. Olexa, L./Novek, T.: Pohrebisko zo starej doby bronzovej v Ninej Myli. Katalg I (hroby 1130). Nitra 2013.
ISBN 978-80-89315-46-8

81,00.-

STUDIA

I. Pieta, K.: Die Pchov-Kultur. Nitra 1982.

II. Veliaik, L.: Die Lausitzer Kultur in der Slowakei. Nitra 1983.

III. Fusek, G.: Slovensko vo vasnoslovanskom obdob. Nitra 1994. ISBN 80-88709-17-2

IV. Pavk, J.: trovo. Ein Siedlungsplatz der Kultur mit Linearkeramik und der eliezovce-Gruppe. Nitra 1994. ISBN 80-88709-19-9

V. Pavk, J./Btora, J.: Siedlung und Grberfeld der Ludanice-Gruppe in Jelovce. Nitra 1995. ISBN 80-88709-24-5

VI. alkovsk, P.: Huser in der frhmittelalterlichen slawischen Welt. Nitra 2001. ISBN 80-88709-52-0

17,00.-

VII. Ruttkay, A./Ruttkay, M./alkovsk, P. (Eds.): Slovensko vo vasnom stredoveku. Nitra 2002. ISBN 80-88709-60-1

VIII. Hanuliak, M.: Vekomoravsk pohrebisk. Pochovvanie v 9.10. storo na zem Slovenska. Nitra 2004. ISBN 80-88709-72-5

 IX. Pieta, K./Ruttkay, A./Ruttkay, M. (Eds.): Bojn. Hospodrske a politick centrum Nitrianskeho knieatstva.
Nitra 2007. Druh vydanie. ISBN 978-80-88709-91-6

X. Sojk, M.: Osdlenie spiskch jask od praveku po novovek. Nitra 2007. ISBN 978-80-89315-01-7

28,00.-

XI. Pieta, K.: Keltsk osdlenie Slovenska. Mladia doba latnska. Nitra 2008. ISBN 978-80-89315-05-5; ISBN 978-80-224-1027-4

XII. Pieta, K.: Die Keltische Besiedlung der Slowakei. Nitra 2010. ISBN 978-80-89315-31-4

36,00.-

XIII. Horvthov, E.: Osdlenie badenskej kultry na slovenskom zem severnho Potisia. Nitra 2010. ISBN 978-80-89315-33-8

32,00.-

XIV. alkovsk, P.: Stredn Slovensko vo vasnom stredoveku. Nitra 2011. ISBN 978-80-89315-39-0

22,50.-

XV. Hunka, J.: Mince Arpdovcov z rokov 10001301. Nitra 2013. ISBN 978-80-89315-50-5

78,00.-

XVI. Novotn, M./Sojk, M.: Vek Lomnica Burchbrich urzeitliches Dorf unter den Hohen Tatra. Nitra 2013. ISBN 978-80-89315-49-9

80,00.-

XVII. Malek, R.: Lieskovec-Hrdok. Vinn sdlisko badenskej kultry. Nitra 2013. ISBN 978-80-89315-52-9

78,00.-

XVIII. Robak, Z.: Studia nad okuciami rzemieni w typie karoliskim. VIII-X wiek. I cz. Nitra 2013. ISBN 978-80-89315-51-2

40,00.-

XIX. Robak, Z.: Studia nad okuciami rzemieni w typie karoliskim. VIII-X wiek. II cz. Nitra 2014. ISBN 978-80-89315-58-1

40,00.-

XX. Hreha, R.:Bukovohorsk kultra na Slovensku vo svetle vskumov v ariskch Michaanoch a Zemplnskych Kopanoch.
Nitra 2015. ISBN 978-80-89315-61-1

81,00.-

XXI. Benkovsky-Pivovarov, Z./Chropovsk, B.: Grabfunde der frhen und der beginnenden mittleren Bronzezeit
aus der Westslowakei. Teil 1. Nitra 2015. ISBN 978-80-89315-71-0

XXII. Benkovsky-Pivovarov, Z./Chropovsk, B.: Grabfunde der frhen und der beginnenden mittleren Bronzezeit
aus der Westslowakei. Teil 2. Nitra 2015 ISBN 978-80-89315-73-4

XIII. uri, J.: Architektra domu na zklade analzy mazanice z mladej a neskorej doby kamennej na juhozpadnom Slovensku.
X
Nitra 2015. ISBN 978-80-89315-72-7

XXIV. Miroayov, E.: Pohrebisko v dani v kontexte vvoja severnho Potisia v dobe haltatskej. ISBN 978-80-89315-62-8

COMMUNICATIONES

I. Btora, J./Peka, J. (Hrsg.): Aktuelle Probleme der Erforschung der Frhbronzezeit in Bhmen und Mhren und in der Slowakei.

Nitra 1999. ISBN 80-88709-40-7

28,00.-

25,00.-

II. Kuzma, I. (Ed.): Otzky neolitu a eneolitu naich krajn 1998. Nitra 1999. ISBN 80-88709-41-5

III. Friesinger, H./Pieta, K./Rajtr, J. (Hrsg.): Metallgewinung und- Verarbeitung in der Antike. Nitra 2000. ISBN 80-88709-48-2

28,00.-

IV. Cheben, I./Kuzma, I. (Eds.): Otzky neolitu a eneolitu naich krajn 2001. Nitra 2002. ISBN 80-88709-57-1

45,00.-

V. Kuzmov, K./Pieta, K./Rajtr, J. (Hrsg.): Zwischen Rom und dem Barbaricum. Festschrift fr Titus Kolnk zum 70. Geburtstag.

Nitra 2002. ISBN 80-88709-61-X

VI. Btora, J./Furmnek, V./Veliaik, L. (Hrsg.): Einflsse und Kontakte alteuropischer Kulturen. Festschrift fr Jozef Vladr
zum 70. Geburtstag. Nitra 2004. ISBN 80-88709-70-9

VII. Fusek, G. (Ed.): Zbornk na poes Dariny Bialekovej. Nitra 2004. ISBN 80-88709-71-7

VIII. Cheben, I./Kuzma, I. (Eds.): Otzky neolitu a eneolitu nach krajn 2004. Nitra 2005. ISBN 80-88709-83-0

55,00.-

IX. Cheben, I./Kuzma, I. (Eds.): Otzky neolitu a eneolitu nach krajn 2007. Nitra 2008. ISBN 978-80-89315-06-2

47,00.-

76,00.-

X. Beljak, J./Bezinov, G./Varsik, V. (Eds.): Archeolgia barbarov 2009. Hospodrstvo Germnov. Nitra 2010. ISBN 978-80-89315-24-6

XI. Furmnek, V./Miroayov, E. (Eds.): Popolnicov polia a doba haltatsk. Nitra 2010. ISBN 978-80-89315-26-0

47,00.-

XII. Kuzmov, K./Rajtr, J. (Zost.): Rmsky kastel v Ii. Nitra 2010. ISBN 978-80-89315-32-1

20,70.-

XIII. Kujovsk, R./Mit, V. (Eds.): Vclav Furmnek a doba bronzov. Zbornk k sedemdesiatym narodeninm. Nitra 2012.
ISBN 978-80-89315-41-3

82,00.-

XIV. Bezinov, G./Varsik V. (Eds.): Archeolgia na prahu histrie. K ivotnmu jubileu Karola Pietu. Nitra 2012. ISBN 978-80-89315-42-0

80,00.-

XV. Cheben, I./Sojk, M. (Eds.): Otzky neolitu a eneolitu nach krajn 2010. Nitra 2013. ISBN 978-80-89315-43-7

80,00.-

XVII. Oni, O. (Ed.): Popolnicov polia a doba haltatsk. Nitra 2015. ISBN 978-80-89315-85-7

S TA R SL OV E N S KO

1. Bujna J./Furmnek V./Wiedermann E. (Zost.): Archeolgia ako historick veda. Nitra 2013. ISBN 978-80-89315-44-4

48,00.-

2. Kaminsk . (Zost.): Paleolit a mezolit. Nitra 2014. ISBN 978-80-89315-57-4

54,00.-

4. Furmnek V. (Zost.): Doba bronzov. Nitra 2015. ISBN 978-80-89315-87-1

VA R I A

II. Beljak, J./Beljak Painov N./Mit V.: Stredn a horn Poiplie. Svedectvo archeolgie. Nitra 2015. ISBN 978-80-89315-64-2

III. Horvthov E./Hreha R.: Doln Zempln. Svedectvo archeolgie. Nitra 2015. ISBN 978-80-89315-66-6

IV. Sojk M.: Spi. Svedectvo archeolgie. Nitra 2015. ISBN 978-80-89315-673-3

ARCHEOLOGICK PAMTNKY SLOVENSKA

I. Furmnek, V.: Radzovce osada udu popolnicovch pol. Reprint. Nitra 2010. ISBN 978-80-89315-27-7
II. Lamiov, M.: Zemln obec s bohatou minulosou. Koice 1993. ISBN 80-900444-2-5

III. ilinsk, Z.: Slovania a avarsk kagant. Bratislava 1993. ISBN 80-7127-059-8

IV. ika, S.: Dokument o spolonosti mladej doby kamennej. Bratislava 1995. ISBN 80-224-0198-6

13,00.-

V. Pieta, K.: Liptovsk Mara. Bratislava 1996. ISBN 80-967366-7-1

VI. Hromada, J.: Moravany nad Vhom. Bratislava 2000. ISBN 80-88709-45-8

13,00.-

VII. Olexa, L.: Nin Mya. Osada a pohrebisko zdoby bronzovej. Koice 2003. ISBN 80-88709-66-0

15,00.-

VIII. Kaminsk, .: Hrka-Ondrej. Osdlenie spiskch travertnov v starej dobe kamennej. Koice 2005. ISBN 80-88-709-74-1

IX. Furmnek, V./Markov, K.: Velince. Archv dvnej minulosti. Nitra 2008. ISBN 978-80-89315-09-3

17,00.-

X. alkovsk, P.: Detva. Pravek a vasnohistorick hradisko k dvnym dejinm Slovenska. Nitra 2009. ISBN 978-80-89315-14-7

ACTA INTERDISCIPLINARIA ARCHAEOLOGICA

I. Aktulne otzky vskumu slovanskch populcii na zem eskoslovenska v 6.13. storo. Nitra 1979.
II. Furmnek, V./Stloukal, M.: Antropologick rozbor rovch hrob pilisk a kyjatick kultury. Nitra 1982.

III. Acta Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica. Tom. III. Nitra 1984.

9,00.-

IV. Acta Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica. Tom. IV. Nitra 1986.

V. Acta Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica. Archeolgia-Geofyzika-Archeometria. Tom. V. Nitra 1987.

VI. Sasn poznatky zarcheobotaniky na Slovensku. Nitra 1989.

7,00. 6,00.-

VII. Palaeoethnobotany and Archaeology, International Work-Group for Paleoethnobotany.

8th Symposium Nitra Nov Vozokany 1989. Nitra 1991.

16,00.-

VIII. Hajnalov, E.: Obilie varcheobotanickch nlezoch na Slovensku. Nitra 1993. ISBN 80-88709-02-4

9,00.-

IX. Vondrkov, M.: Mal Kosihy II. Nitra 1994. ISBN 80-88709-14-8

13,00.-

13,00.-

X. Hajnalov, E.: Ovocie a ovocinrstvo v archeobotanickch nlezoch na Slovensku. Nitra 2001. ISBN 80-88-709-38-5

MATERIALIA ARCHAEOLOGICA SLOVACA

(edcia ukonen)

I. Tok, A.: Vapy-Opatovce a alie pohrebisk zo starej doby bronzovej na juhozpadnom Slovensku. Nitra 1980.

II. Budinsk-Krika, V.: Krovsk Chlmec. Nitra 1980.

III. Tok, A: Nitriansky Hrdok-Zmeek. I, II. Tabuky. Nitra 1981.

IV. Tok, A.: Mal Kosihy osada zo starej doby bronzovej. Nitra 1981.

V. Benadik, B.: Maa. Keltisches Grberfeld Fundkatalog. Nitra 1983.

VI. Duek, M./Duekov, S.: Smolenice-Molpr I. Befestigter Frstensitz der Hallstattzeit. Nitra 1985.

VII. Wiederman, E.: Archeologick pamiatky topoianskeho mzea. Nitra 1985.

VIII. Budinsk-Krika, V./Veliaik, L.: Krsna Ves. Grberfeld der Lausitzer Kultur. Nitra 1986.

IX. Kuzmov, K./Roth, P.: Terra sigillata vBarbariku. Nitra 1988.

X. Hanuliak, M./Kuzma, I./alkovsk, P.: Mula-enkov I. Osdlenie z 9.-12. storoia. Nitra 1993. ISBN 80-88709-07-5

20,00.-

XI. alkovsk, P.: Hradisko v Detve. Nitra 1994. ISBN 80-88709-10-5

XII. Hanuliak, M.: Mal Kosihy I. Nitra 1994. ISBN 80-88709-12-1

XIII. Duek, M./Duekov, S.: Smolenice Molpr II. Nitra 1995. ISBN 80-88709-20-2

15,00.-

ZOZNA M P U BLI K C I Z A R ADEN C H VO V M EN NOM FON DE

A RC H EOLOGIC K HO STAV U SAV
Actes du XII Congrs U. I. S. P. P. 1. zv.
Actes du XII Congrs U. I. S. P. P. 2. zv.
Actes du XII Congrs U. I. S. P. P. 3. zv.
Actes du XII Congrs U. I. S. P. P. 4. zv.
Archaeologia Historica 13/1988.
Archaeologia Historica 22/1997.
Archaeologia Historica 24/1999.
Archaeologia Historica 31/2006.
Archaeologia Historica 33/2008.
Archaeologia Historica 34/2009.
Archaeologia Historica 35/2010.
Archaeologia Historica 36/2011/1, 2.
Archaeologia Historica 37/2012/1, 2.
Archeolgia Histria Geografia (Archeolgia).
Archeolgia Histria Geografia (Geografia).
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22.

13.13.15.13.-

7.1.67.20.-

3.2.3.1.5.10.10.-

13. 13. 1. 16. 3. 20. 10.31,50. 8. 3. 1. 10. 3.

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20.13.98.5.-

10.25.25.20.20.40.40.-

1. 28. 7. 7. 13. 20. 20. 20. 21,50. 74.-