Confused with all the terminologies?

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have a few seconds to in your hand or 5 minutes, this guide will help you in
your purpose, read on...

In short: To make it short and sweet like you bookmark a web page or add it
to your favourites when you surf the internet, you save waypoints in a GPS
reciever so that you can go back to it easily later on. Now let's go into the
detail.

What is a waypoint?

A waypoint is a fixed location with a specified longitude and latitude and UTM
coordinates, which is maintained by a global positioning system (GPS). It is
any mapped reference point useful for pilotage, which navigators can identify
on land or at sea to verify their location. Natural waypoints may include
natural rock formations, springs and oasis. Artificial waypoints may include
buoys, lighthouses and radio beacons.

A waypoint can be a destination, a location of a course change along a

journey, or a point of reference useful for navigation. A GPS receiver can
record a waypoint at its current location to an accuracy of within 3 meters or
better if using Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) capability. Waypoints
can also be marked on a computer mapping program and uploaded to the
GPS receiver, marked on the receiver's own internal map, or entered
manually on the device as a pair of coordinates.

If the GPS receiver has track-logging capabilities, one can also define
waypoints after the fact from where one has been. Marine GPS receivers
often have a "Man Overboard" key, which instantly creates a waypoint in the
receiver for the boat's position at that moment and then begins displaying
the distance and course back to that position.

In navigating with GPS, a "route" normally consists of one or more waypoints.

To traverse a route, the GPS user navigates to the nearest waypoint, then to
the next one in turn until the destination is reached. Most receivers have the
ability to compute a great circle route towards a waypoint, enabling them to

find the shortest route even over long distances.

Many GPS receivers, both military and civilian, now offer integrated
cartographic databases (also known as base maps), allowing users to locate a
point on a map and define it as a waypoint. Some GPS systems intended for
automobile navigation can generate a suggested driving route between two
waypoints, based on the cartographic database. As one drives along the
route, the system indicates the driver's current location and gives advance
notice of upcoming turns. The best of these systems can take into account
traffic restrictions such as one-way streets and intersections where left turns
(or, in the UK, right turns) are prohibited when computing the suggested
driving route.

Most GPS receivers allow the user to assign a name to each waypoint. Many
models also let the user select a symbol to identify the waypoint on a
graphical map display from a built-in library of icons. These include standard
map symbols for marine navigation aids such as buoys, marinas and
anchorages, as well as such land-based symbols as churches, bridges,
shopping centers, parks, and tunnels.

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The haversine formula is an equation important in navigation, giving greatcircle distances between two points on a sphere from their longitudes and
latitudes. It is a special case of a more general formula in spherical
trigonometry, the law of haversines, relating the sides and angles of spherical
triangles. The first table of haversines in English was published by James
Andrew in 1805.[1]

Florian Cajori credits an earlier use by Jos de Mendoza y Ros in 1801[2][3]

The term haversine was coined in 1835 by James Inman.[4][5]

These names follow from the fact that they are customarily written in terms
of the haversine function, given by haversin() = sin2 (/2). The formulas
could equally be written in terms of any multiple of the haversine, such as the
older versine function (twice the haversine). Prior to the advent of computers,
the elimination of division and multiplication by factors of two proved
convenient enough that tables of haversine values and logarithms were
included in 19th and early 20th century navigation and trigonometric texts.
[6][7][8] These days, the haversine form is also convenient in that it has no
coefficient in front of the sin2 function.

(Kalau yang dibawah ini bingung, lewatin aja)