Stock Exchange

Report on
NASDAQ Stock Exchange & Pakistan stock exchange
Submitted By
ZAHID MEHMOOD
SALMAN AZIZ
JAFFIR HUSSAIN
KHAWAR RAUF
BABAR AFZAL
Submitted To
SIR M. RAMZAN
National College of Business
Administration & Economics
Layyah Campus
NASDAQ
The Nasdaq Stock Market is an American stock exchange. It is the second-largest exchange in
the world by market capitalization, behind only the New York Stock Exchange. The exchange
platform is owned by Nasdaq, Inc. which also owns the Nasdaq Nordic (formerly known as
OMX) and Nasdaq Baltic stock market network and several other US stock and options
exchanges.
Since its debut in 1971 as the worlds first electronic stock market, The NASDAQ Stock Market
has been at the forefront of innovation, using technology to bring millions of investors together
with the worlds leading companies. Today, NASDAQ (OTCBB: NDAQ) is the worlds largest
electronic stock market, listing approximately 3,600 of the worlds most innovative companies. It
is home to category-defining companies that are leaders across all areas of business including
technology, retail, communications, financial services, and media and biotechnology industries.
NASDAQs competitive market structure, combined with an extensive portfolio of products and
services, attracts todays largest and fastest growing companies. In fact, more companies now list
on NASDAQ than all other major U.S. stock markets. NASDAQ is the fastest growing major
stock market in the U.S. and home to over half of the companies traded on the primary U.S.
markets. NASDAQ trades more shares per day than any other U.S. equities market. On
NASDAQ, trades are executed through a sophisticated computer and telecommunications
network a system which transmits timely, critical investment information to more than 1.3
million users in 83 countries. NASDAQ is also among the worlds best-regulated stock markets,
employing sophisticated surveillance systems and regulatory specialists to protect investors and
provide a fair and competitive trading environment. Offering growth and liquidity and fostering
innovative technologies, NASDAQ continues to build the most efficient trading environment
worldwide to the benefit of all market participants and investors.
History
When it
was
founded, NASDAQ stood
for
Securities Dealers Automated Quotations.[4] NASDAQ
the acronym of National Association

was
founded
in
1971
by
of
the
National (NASD), which divested itself of NASDAQ in a series of sales in 2000 and 2001. The
Nasdaq Stock Market is owned and operated by NASDAQ, Inc., the stocks of which were listed
on its own stock exchange marketing July 2, 2002, under the ticker symbol NDAQ. When the
Nasdaq Stock Market began trading on February 8, 1971, it was the world's first electronic stock
market. At first, it was merely a quotation system and did not provide a way to perform
electronic trades.[6] The Nasdaq Stock Market helped lower the spread (the difference between
the bid price and the ask price of the stock) but was unpopular among brokerages which made
much of their money on the spread.
The Nasdaq Stock Market eventually assumed the majority of major trades formerly executed by
the over-the-counter (OTC) system of trading, although there are still numerous securities traded
in this fashion. As late as 1987, the NASDAQ exchange was still commonly referred to as
"OTC" in media and also in the monthly Stock Guides issued by Standard & Poor's Corporation.
Over the years, The Nasdaq Stock Market became more of a stock market by adding trade and
volume reporting and automated trading systems. It was also the first stock market in the United
States to start trading online, highlighting Nasdaq-traded companies and closing with the
declaration that The Nasdaq Stock Market is "the stock market for the next hundred years".
Initially, The Nasdaq Stock Market attracted new growth companies such as Microsoft, Apple,
Cisco, Oracle and Dell and helped modernize the IPO.
Its main index is the NASDAQ Composite, which has been published since its inception.
However, its exchange-traded fund tracks the large-cap NASDAQ-100 index, which was
introduced in 1985 alongside the NASDAQ 100 Financial Index tracks the largest 100
companies in terms of market capitalization.
In 1992, The Nasdaq Stock Market joined with the London Stock Exchange to form the first
intercontinental linkage ofsecurities markets. The National Association of Securities Dealers
spun off The Nasdaq Stock Market in 2000 to form apublicly traded company.
In 2006, the status of The Nasdaq Stock Market was changed from a stock market to a licensed
national securities exchange.
In 2007, Nasdaq merged with OMX, a leading exchange operator in the Nordic countries,
expanded its global footprint, and changed its name to The NASDAQ OMX Group.
To qualify for listing on the exchange, a company must be registered with the United States
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), must have at least three market makers (financial
firms that act as brokers or dealers for specific securities) and must meet minimum requirements
for assets, capital, public shares, and shareholders.
In February 2011, in the wake of an announced merger of NYSE Euronext with Deutsche Brse,
speculation developed that NASDAQ OMX and Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) could mount a
counter-bid of their own for NYSE. NASDAQ OMX could be looking to acquire the American
exchange's cash equities business, ICE the derivatives business. As of the time of the speculation,
"NYSE Euronexts market value was $9.75 billion. Nasdaq was valued at $5.78 billion, while
ICE was valued at $9.45 billion." Late in the month, Nasdaq was reported to be considering
asking either ICE or the Chicago Merc to join in what would probably have to be, if it proceeded,
an $1112 billion counterbid.
The European Association of Securities Dealers Automatic Quotation System (EASDAQ) was
founded originally as a European equivalent to The Nasdaq Stock Market. It was purchased by
NASDAQ in 2001 and became NASDAQ Europe. Operations were shut down, however, as a
result of the burst of the dot-com bubble. In 2007, NASDAQ Europe was revived as Aqueduct,
and is currently operating under Brse Berlin.
On June 18, 2012, NASDAQ OMX became a founding member of the United Nations initiative
on the eve of the
NASDAQ quotes are available at three levels:
Level 1 shows the highest bid and lowest askinside quote.
Level 2 shows all public quotes of market makers together with information of market
dealers wishing to buy or sell stock and recently executed orders

Level 3 is used by the market makers and allows them to enter their quotes and execute
orders
Trading schedule
The Nasdaq Stock Market has a pre-market session from 4:00 AM to 9:30 AM Eastern, a
normal trading session from 9:30 AM to 4:00 PM, and a post-market session from 4:00 PM
to 8:00 PM
Market tiers
The Nasdaq Stock Market has three different market tiers:
Capital Market (small cap) is an equity market for companies that have relatively small
levels of market capitalization. Listing requirements for such "small cap" companies are less
stringent than for other Nasdaq markets that list larger companies with significantly higher
market capitalization.
Global Market (mid cap) is made up of stocks that represent the Nasdaq Global Market.
The Global Market consists of 1,450 stocks that meet Nasdaq's strict financial and liquidity
requirements, and corporate governance standards. The Global Market is less exclusive than
the Global Select Market.

Global Select Market (NASDAQ-GS large cap) is a market capitalization-weighted index
made up of US-based and international stocks that represent the Global Select Market
Composite. The Global Select Market consists of 1,200 stocks that meet Nasdaq's strict
financial and liquidity requirements and corporate governance standards. The Global Select
Market is more exclusive than the Global Market. Every October, the Nasdaq Listing
Qualifications Department reviews the Global Market Composite to determine if any of its
stocks have become eligible for listing on the Global Select Market
Average annualized growth rate
As of June 2015, the Nasdaq Stock Market has had an average annualized growth rate of 9.24%
since its opening in February 1971. Since the end of the recession in June 2009 however, it has
increased by 18.29% per year
NASDAQs Recent History

Year
Historical Event
1971
NASDAQ introduces the era of all-electronic trading. With this innovation,

NASDAQ attracts new growth companies, such as Microsoft, Apple, Cisco,
Oracle and Dell.
1987
OM, Europes first derivatives exchange (founded in 1985) becomes the

worlds first exchange that is a publicly traded and listed.
1990
OM becomes the first exchange in history to transform the exchange business

model by leveraging its capital markets and technology expertise to service
the exchange industry. The company sold the worlds first electronic exchange
system for derivatives trading, commercializing its proprietary technology
2005
NASDAQ begins offering investor relations, public relations and multimedia

services (technology-based monitoring, reporting and marketing) to listed
companies to help promote their capital health. Today, this business
represents more than 10% of total net revenue.
2007
NASDAQ merges with OMX, a leading exchange operator in the Nordics, to

diversify and expand its global footprint, and changes its name to The
NASDAQ OMX Group.
2013
The NASDAQ OMX Group acquires Thomson Reuters investor relations,

public relations and Multimedia Solutions businesses, expanding its corporate
solutions business. The acquisition makes The NASDAQ OMX Group a
leading provider of company solutions to more than 10,000 corporate clients.
2014
The NASDAQ OMX Group is now known as Nasdaq, which represents its
rising global brand recognition and new brand identity.
2015
Nasdaq acquires index provider and analytics group, Dorsey Wright &
Associates, LLC.
Listings by Market
Listings by Industry
By Industry
Share Volume by Market

NASDAQs share volume topped other U.S. markets on 234 of 252 trading days92.9%.
NASDAQ traded over 1 billion shares on 248 of 252 days in 2002.
In 2002, NASDAQs annual share volume was 441 billion shares and average daily share
volume was 1.7 billion shares.
In 2002, NASDAQ continued as the share volume leader among U.S. equity markets by
capturing 54% of all share volume.
In the last decade, NASDAQ experienced a 812% growth in share volume.

Share Volume by Market
NASDAQ Timeline
1988
Advanced Computerized Execution System (ACES) enables market makers to execute many
orders automatically.
1989
The new Automated Confirmation Transaction (ACT) Service reduces risk by providing sameday comparisons of telephone-negotiated trades. The
Stock Watch Automated Tracking system (SWAT) is launched, bringing state-of the- art
sophistication to the evaluation of NASDAQ securities for abnormal activity.
1990
Select Net enhances opportunities to find and execute transactions at the best prices at greater
volume.
1991
Introduction of NASDAQ International Service enables firms and investors around the globe to
participate in the trans-Atlantic NASDAQ network during European trading hours.
1993
NASDAQ develops three news indexes that enable investors to track key growth industries:
biotechnology, computer and telecommunications.
1994
NASDAQ surpasses the New York Stock Exchange in yearly share volume.
1995
NASDAQ Workstation II is unveiled, and the state-of-the-art surveillance tool,
RADAR, is introduced.
1996
The NASDAQ Web sitewwwNASDAQ.combegins operating, quickly becoming one of the
most visited investor sites on the Internet.
1997
The SEC approves NASDAQ's proposal to reduce the minimum quotation increment from 1/8 of
a dollar to 1/16 of a dollar for stocks trading above $10. New
SEC Order Handling Rules begin to phase-in, narrowing spreads and enhancing market
information.
1998
In conjunction with The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong, NASDAQ announces a partnership to
provide investors worldwide with information about their respective markets on a new, join
Internet service.
1999
NASDAQ becomes the worlds biggest stock market by dollar volume and repeatedly breaks
share and dollar volume records. The NASDAQ-100 Index Tracking Stock (QQQ) launches and
sees 2.6 million shares traded in the first two hours. NASDA creates a cooperative agreement
with the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong. NASDAQ opens Market Site in Times Square, NYC
featuring high visibility broadcast studio and the largest, outdoor video screen in the world.
NASDAQ launches NASDAQ Canada.
2000
NASDAQ membership votes overwhelmingly to restructure and spin off NASDAQ into a
shareholder-owned, for-profit company.
2001
NASDAQ sets new share volume recordmore than 3.19 billion shares traded. As part of its
global expansion efforts, NASDAQ opens liaison office in Bangalore, India. NASDAQ becomes
the first U.S. stock market to meet ISO 9001 quality standards. NASDAQ launches final phase of
Super Soes and launches Primex Auction System. NASDAQ converts all equity securities to
decimal pricing.
2002
NASDAQ launches Super Montagethe next generation market platform creating more
transparency, access to liquidity and stable trading.
VISION
NASDAQ is relentlessly driven to be the best-performing, fairest, fastest, most transparent stock
market in the world. A companys vision is rooted in its inherent strengths. The vision challenges
and inspires employees to achieve the mission and serves as a guide for implementing strategy.
MISSION
To enable corporate growth and entrepreneurship by providing listed companies, market
participants and investors with the highest-quality equity market in the world:
1.
2.
3.
4.
A market that is fast, reliable, highly transparent and deeply liquid

A market with state-of-the-art trading efficiency
A market with unsurpassed financial products
A market with the highest standards for regulatory oversight and corporate governance.
A companys mission is the reason it exists, and it defines the companys purpose and values.
This mission is consistent with oversight by SEC and the comprehensive statutory and
regulatory scheme that governs NASDAQs operations.
Mission Statement
Nasdaq has continually strived to provide cutting edge technology, products and services that
empower decision makers in the world's financial markets. With the rapid growth in foreign
exchange trading, Nasdaq has launched "The Next FX" initiative to bring the best products and
news to our traders. Here at Nasdaq.com, we are committed to delivering real-time articles and
market commentary to help traders make informed decisions.
At 5 trillion dollars of daily volume, FX is the largest market in an increasingly global
economy. The relevance of exchange rates has become essential to every individual,
corporation and government. As such, Nasdaq is committed to providing 24-hour FX coverage
with education, analysis, recommendations and tools. The Next FX will enable our community
of traders to deeply understand and trade this growing asset class.
Bringing together thought leaders on all sides of the market, our FX coverage will carry the
same level of integrity and excellence that brings you to Nasdaq every day. We look forward to
helping novice and sophisticated traders hone their skills.
NASDAQs listed companies

NASDAQs listed companies embody what weve come to know as the new economic landscape
companies transforming the way we live, work and play. Together, they reflect the full
breadth, variety and vitality of whats humanly possible. We take enormous pride in listing nearly
4,000 companiesmore than any other U.S. equities market. Many are names that have come to
be synonymous with growth and innovation. Others are younger, less well-known companies
whose collective vision and energies are poised to shape the world of tomorrow. The Facts
NASDAQ lists more companies than any other U.S. equities market. In 2001, NASDAQ had
the greatest share volume of all U.S. markets. NASDAQ listings market value neared $2.9
trillion in 2001
serial
Name
Sector
Symbol
1347 Property Insurance Holdings, Inc.

1-800 FLOWERS.COM, Inc.
1st Constitution Bancorp (NJ)
1st Source Corporation
21Vianet Group, Inc.
22nd Century Group, Inc
Finance
Consumer Services
Finance
Finance
Technology
Consumer Non-
PIH
FLWS
FCCY
SRCE
VNET
XXII
2U, Inc.
3D Systems Corporation
3M Company
500.com Limited
51job, Inc.
58.com Inc.
8point3 Energy Partners LP
8x8 Inc
A V Homes, Inc.
A. Schulman, Inc.
A.H. Belo Corporation
A10 Networks, Inc.
AAC Holdings, Inc.
AAON, Inc.
AAR Corp.
Aaron's, Inc.
ABAXIS, Inc.
ABB Ltd
Abbott Laboratories
Durables
Technology
Technology
Health Care
Consumer Services
Technology
Technology
Public Utilities
Public Utilities
Capital Goods
Basic Industries
Consumer Services
Technology
Health Care
Capital Goods
Capital Goods
Technology
Capital Goods
Consumer Durables
Health Care
TWOU
DDD
MMM
WBAI
JOBS
WUBA
CAFD
EGHT
AVHI
SHLM
AHC
ATEN
AAC
AAON
AIR
AAN
ABAX
ABB
ABT
no.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
AbbVie Inc.
Abeona Therapeutics Inc.
Abeona Therapeutics Inc.
Abercrombie & Fitch Company
Aberdeen Asia-Pacific Income Fund
Inc
31 Aberdeen Australia Equity Fund Inc
32 Aberdeen Chile Fund, Inc.
33 Aberdeen Emerging Markets Smaller
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
Company Opportunities Fund I

Aberdeen Global Income Fund, Inc.
Aberdeen Greater China Fund, Inc.
Aberdeen Indonesia Fund, Inc.
Aberdeen Israel Fund, Inc.
Aberdeen Japan Equity Fund, Inc.
Aberdeen Singapore Fund, Inc.
Ability Inc.
ABIOMED, Inc.
ABM Industries Incorporated
Abraxas Petroleum Corporation
AC Immune SA
Acacia Communications, Inc.
Acacia Research Corporation
Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.
ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Acadia Realty Trust
Acasti Pharma, Inc.
Accelerate Diagnostics, Inc.
Acceleron Pharma Inc.
Accenture plc
Access National Corporation
Acco Brands Corporation
Accuray Incorporated
Accuride Corporation New
AcelRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Aceto Corporation
Achaogen, Inc.
Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
ACI Worldwide, Inc.
Aclaris Therapeutics, Inc.
Acme United Corporation.
ACNB Corporation
Health Care
Health Care
Health Care
Consumer Services
n/a
ABBV
ABEO
ABEOW
ANF
FAX
n/a
n/a
n/a
IAF
CH
ABE
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Finance
Health Care
Finance
Energy
Health Care
Technology
Miscellaneous
Health Care
Health Care
Consumer Services
Health Care
Capital Goods
Health Care
Miscellaneous
Finance
Consumer Durables
Health Care
Capital Goods
Health Care
Health Care
Health Care
Health Care
Technology
Health Care
Capital Goods
Finance
FCO
GCH
IF
ISL
JEQ
SGF
ABIL
ABMD
ABM
AXAS
ACIU
ACIA
ACTG
ACHC
ACAD
AKR
ACST
AXDX
XLRN
ACN
ANCX
ACCO
ARAY
ACW
ACRX
ACET
AKAO
ACHN
ACIW
ACRS
ACU
ACNB
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
Acorda Therapeutics, Inc.

Acorn International, Inc.
ACRE Realty Investors, Inc.
Actinium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Actions Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
Active Power, Inc.
Activision Blizzard, Inc
Actua Corporation
Actuant Corporation
Acuity Brands Inc
Acura Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Acushnet Holdings Corp.
Acxiom Corporation
Adamas Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Adamis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
Adams Diversified Equity Fund, Inc.
Adams Natural Resources Fund, Inc.
Adams Resources & Energy, Inc.
Adaptimmune Therapeutics plc
Adcare Health Systems Inc
Adcare Health Systems Inc
Addus HomeCare Corporation
ADDvantage Technologies Group, Inc.
Adecoagro S.A.
Health Care
Consumer Services
Consumer Services
Health Care
Technology
Public Utilities
Technology
Technology
Technology
Consumer Durables
Health Care
n/a
Technology
Health Care
Health Care
n/a
n/a
Energy
Health Care
n/a
Health Care
Health Care
Consumer Services
Consumer Non-
ACOR
ATV
AIII
ATNM
ACTS
ACPW
ATVI
ACTA
ATU
AYI
ACUR
GOLF
ACXM
ADMS
ADMP
ADX
PEO
AE
ADAP
ADKÂ
ADK
ADUS
AEY
AGRO
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
Adeptus Health Inc.

Adesto Technologies Corporation
Adient plc
ADMA Biologics Inc
Adobe Systems Incorporated
ADTRAN, Inc.
Aduro Biotech, Inc.
Advance Auto Parts Inc
Advanced Accelerator Applications
Durables
Health Care
Technology
n/a
Health Care
Technology
Public Utilities
Health Care
Consumer Services
Health Care
ADPT
IOTS
ADNT
ADMA
ADBE
ADTN
ADRO
AAP
AAAP
S.A.
Advanced Disposal Services, Inc.
Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc.
Advanced Emissions Solutions, Inc.
Advanced Energy Industries, Inc.
Advanced Inhalation Therapies (AIT)
Public Utilities
Capital Goods
Basic Industries
Capital Goods
n/a
ADSW
WMS
ADES
AEIS
AITP
Technology
AMD
99
100
101
102
103
Ltd.
104 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
105 Advanced Semiconductor Engineering,
Technology
ASX
Inc.
106 AdvancePierre Foods Holdings, Inc.
Consumer Non-
APFH
107
108
109
110
111
Durables
Basic Industries
Energy
Health Care
Health Care
n/a
ASIX
AAV
ADXS
ADXSW
AVK
Securities and Income Fund

112 Advent Claymore Convertible
n/a
AGC
Securities and Income Fund II

113 Advent/Claymore Enhanced Growth &
n/a
LCM
Income Fund
114 Adverum Biotechnologies, Inc.
115 AdvisorShares Market Adaptive
Health Care
n/a
ADVM
MAUI
Unconstrained Income ETF

116 AECOM
117 Aegean Marine Petroleum Network
Consumer Services
Energy
ACM
ANW
Health Care
Basic Industries
Health Care
Finance
Finance
Finance
Finance
Finance
Capital Goods
Capital Goods
Technology
Health Care
Technology
Technology
Capital Goods
Capital Goods
Health Care
Capital Goods
Health Care
Finance
AEGR
AEGN
AGLE
AEB
AED
AEG
AEH
AEK
AEHR
AEPI
AER
AERI
ACY
HIVE
AJRD
AVAV
AEZS
AEMD
AET
AMG
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
AdvanSix Inc.
Advantage Oil & Gas Ltd
Advaxis, Inc.
Advaxis, Inc.
Advent Claymore Convertible
Inc.
Aegerion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Aegion Corp
Aeglea BioTherapeutics, Inc.
Aegon NV
Aegon NV
Aegon NV
Aegon NV
Aegon NV
Aehr Test Systems
AEP Industries Inc.
Aercap Holdings N.V.
Aerie Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
AeroCentury Corp.
Aerohive Networks, Inc.
Aerojet Rocketdyne Holdings, Inc.
AeroVironment, Inc.
AEterna Zentaris Inc.
Aethlon Medical, Inc.
Aetna Inc.
Affiliated Managers Group, Inc.
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
Affiliated Managers Group, Inc.

Affimed N.V.
Aflac Incorporated
Aflac Incorporated
AG Mortgage Investment Trust, Inc.
AG&E Holdings, Inc.
AGCO Corporation
Agenus Inc.
Agile Therapeutics, Inc.
Agilent Technologies, Inc.
Agilysys, Inc.
Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
AGNC Investment Corp.
Agnico Eagle Mines Limited
Agree Realty Corporation
Agria Corporation
Finance
Health Care
Finance
Finance
n/a
n/a
n/a
Technology
Capital Goods
Health Care
Health Care
Capital Goods
Technology
Health Care
Consumer Services
Consumer Services
Consumer Services
Basic Industries
Consumer Services
Consumer Non-
MGR
AFMD
AFL
AFSD
MITT
MITTÂ
MITT^B
WGA
AGCO
AGEN
AGRX
A
AGYS
AGIO
AGNC
AGNCB
AGNCP
AEM
ADC
GRO
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
Agrium Inc.
AgroFresh Solutions, Inc.
AgroFresh Solutions, Inc.
Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc.
Air Industries Group
Air Lease Corporation
Air Methods Corporation
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Air T, Inc.
Air Transport Services Group, Inc
Aircastle Limited
Airgain, Inc.
AirMedia Group Inc
Aixtron SE
AK Steel Holding Corporation
Akamai Technologies, Inc.
Akari Therapeutics Plc
Akebia Therapeutics, Inc.
Akers Biosciences Inc
Akorn, Inc.
Alabama Power Company
Durables
Basic Industries
Finance
Finance
Health Care
Capital Goods
Technology
Transportation
Basic Industries
Transportation
Transportation
Technology
Technology
Technology
Technology
Basic Industries
Miscellaneous
Health Care
Health Care
Health Care
Health Care
Public Utilities
AGU
AGFS
AGFSW
AIMT
AIRI
AL
AIRM
APD
AIRT
ATSG
AYR
AIRG
AMCN
AIXG
AKS
AKAM
AKTX
AKBA
AKER
AKRX
ALPÔ
179
180
181
182
183
Alamo Group, Inc.

Alamos Gold Inc.
Alarm.com Holdings, Inc.
Alaska Air Group, Inc.
Alaska Communications Systems
Capital Goods
Basic Industries
Technology
Transportation
Public Utilities
ALG
AGI
ALRM
ALK
ALSK
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
Group, Inc.
Albany International Corporation
Albany Molecular Research, Inc.
Albemarle Corporation
Alcentra Capital Corp.
Alcobra Ltd.
Alder BioPharmaceuticals, Inc.
Aldeyra Therapeutics, Inc.
Alere Inc.
Alere Inc.
Alexander & Baldwin Holdings, Inc.
Alexander's, Inc.
Alexandria Real Estate Equities, Inc.
Alexco Resource Corp
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Alibaba Group Holding Limited
Alico, Inc.
Basic Industries
Health Care
Basic Industries
n/a
Health Care
Health Care
Health Care
Health Care
n/a
Finance
Consumer Services
Consumer Services
n/a
n/a
Basic Industries
Health Care
Miscellaneous
Consumer Non-
AIN
AMRI
ALB
ABDC
ADHD
ALDR
ALDX
ALR
ALR^B
ALEX
ALX
ARE
ARE^D
AREÊ
AXU
ALXN
BABA
ALCO
Align Technology, Inc.

Alimera Sciences, Inc.
ALJ Regional Holdings, Inc.
Alkermes plc
Alleghany Corporation
Allegheny Technologies Incorporated
Allegiance Bancshares, Inc.
Allegiant Travel Company
Allegion plc
Allergan plc.
Allergan plc.
Allete, Inc.
Alliance California Municipal Income
Durables
Health Care
Health Care
Miscellaneous
Health Care
Finance
Basic Industries
Finance
Transportation
Consumer Services
Health Care
n/a
Public Utilities
n/a
ALGN
ALIM
ALJJ
ALKS
Y
ATI
ABTX
ALGT
ALLE
AGN
AGNÂ
ALE
AKP
Miscellaneous
Health Care
Energy
ADS
AIQ
AHGP
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
Fund Inc
215 Alliance Data Systems Corporation
216 Alliance HealthCare Services, Inc.
217 Alliance Holdings GP, L.P.
218 Alliance MMA, Inc.

219 Alliance National Municipal Income
Consumer Services
n/a
AMMA
AFB
Fund Inc
220 Alliance One International, Inc.
221 Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.
222 Alliance World Dollar Government
Consumer Services
Energy
n/a
AOI
ARLP
AWF
Finance
Public Utilities
n/a
n/a
AB
LNT
NCV
NCZ
II
227 AllianzGI Diversified Income &
n/a
ACV
Convertible Fund
228 AllianzGI Equity & Convertible
n/a
NIE
Income Fund
229 AllianzGI NFJ Dividend, Interest &
Finance
NFJ
Premium Strategy Fund

230 Allied Healthcare Products, Inc.
231 Allied Motion Technologies, Inc.
232 Allied World Assurance Company
Health Care
Capital Goods
Finance
AHPI
AMOT
AWH
Health Care
Capital Goods
Technology
Technology
Finance
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Finance
n/a
Basic Industries
Health Care
Health Care
Energy
Energy
ALQA
ALSN
ALLT
MDRX
ALL
ALLÂ
ALL^B
ALL^C
ALL^D
ALLÊ
ALL^F
ALLY
ALLYÂ
AAU
AFAM
ALNY
ALJ
ALDW
223
224
225
226
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
Fund II
AllianceBernstein Holding L.P.
Alliant Energy Corporation
AllianzGI Convertible & Income Fund
AllianzGI Convertible & Income Fund
Holdings, AG
Alliqua BioMedical, Inc.
Allison Transmission Holdings, Inc.
Allot Communications Ltd.
Allscripts Healthcare Solutions, Inc.
Allstate Corporation (The)
Ally Financial Inc.
Ally Financial Inc.
Almaden Minerals, Ltd.
Almost Family Inc
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Alon USA Energy, Inc.
Alon USA Partners, LP
251 Alpha and Omega Semiconductor
Technology
AOSL
252
253
254
255
Limited
Alpha Pro Tech, Ltd.
Alphabet Inc.
Alphabet Inc.
AlphaMark Actively Managed Small
Health Care
Technology
Technology
n/a
APT
GOOG
GOOGL
SMCP
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
Cap ETF
Alphatec Holdings, Inc.
Alpine Global Dynamic Dividend Fund
Alpine Global Premier Properties Fund
Alpine Total Dynamic Dividend Fund
Altisource Asset Management Corp
Altisource Portfolio Solutions S.A.
Altisource Residential Corporation
Altra Industrial Motion Corp.
Altria Group
Health Care
n/a
n/a
n/a
Finance
Consumer Services
Finance
Capital Goods
Consumer Non-
ATEC
AGD
AWP
AOD
AAMC
ASPS
RESI
AIMC
MO
Durables
Basic Industries
ACH
Limited
AMAG Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Amarin Corporation plc
A-Mark Precious Metals, Inc.
Amaya Inc.
Amazon.com, Inc.
Ambac Financial Group, Inc.
Ambac Financial Group, Inc.
Ambarella, Inc.
Amber Road, Inc.
Ambev S.A.
Health Care
Health Care
Basic Industries
Technology
Consumer Services
Finance
Finance
Technology
Technology
Consumer Non-
AMAG
AMRN
AMRK
AYA
AMZN
AMBC
AMBCW
AMBA
AMBR
ABEV
276 AMC Entertainment Holdings, Inc.

277 AMC Networks Inc.
278 AMCON Distributing Company
Durables
Consumer Services
Consumer Services
Consumer Non-
AMC
AMCX
DIT
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
Durables
Technology
Consumer Services
Health Care
Health Care
Consumer Services
Public Utilities
Basic Industries
DOX
AMFW
AMDA
AMED
UHAL
AEE
AMRC
265 Aluminum Corporation of China

266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
Amdocs Limited
Amec Plc Ord
Amedica Corporation
Amedisys Inc
Amerco
Ameren Corporation
Ameresco, Inc.
286 America First Multifamily Investors,
Finance
ATAX
287
288
289
290
291
L.P.
America Movil, S.A.B. de C.V.
America Movil, S.A.B. de C.V.
American Airlines Group, Inc.
American Assets Trust, Inc.
American Axle & Manufacturing
Public Utilities
Public Utilities
Transportation
Consumer Services
Capital Goods
AMOV
AMX
AAL
AAT
AXL
292
293
294
295
296
297
Holdings, Inc.
American Campus Communities Inc
American Capital Senior Floating, Ltd.
American Capital, Ltd.
American DG Energy Inc.
American Eagle Outfitters, Inc.
American Electric Power Company,
Consumer Services
n/a
n/a
Public Utilities
Consumer Services
Public Utilities
ACC
ACSF
ACAS
ADGE
AEO
AEP
Energy
Finance
AETI
AEL
Holding Company
American Express Company
American Farmland Company
American Financial Group, Inc.
American Homes 4 Rent
American International Group, Inc.
American International Group, Inc.
American Lorain Corporation
Finance
Consumer Services
Finance
Finance
Finance
Finance
Finance
Consumer Services
Consumer Services
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Finance
n/a
Consumer Non-
AXP
AFCO
AFA
AFG
AFGE
AFGH
AFW
AMH
AMHÂ
AMH^B
AMH^C
AMH^D
AMHÊ
AIG
AIG.WS
ALN
American Midstream Partners, LP

American National Bankshares, Inc.
American National Insurance Company
American Public Education, Inc.
American Railcar Industries, Inc.
American Realty Investors, Inc.
Durables
Public Utilities
Finance
Finance
Consumer Services
Capital Goods
Finance
AMID
AMNB
ANAT
APEI
ARII
ARL
Inc.
298 American Electric Technologies, Inc.
299 American Equity Investment Life
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322 American Renal Associates Holdings,
Health Care
ARA
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
Inc
American River Bankshares
American Shared Hospital Services
American Software, Inc.
American States Water Company
American Superconductor Corporation
American Tower Corporation (REIT)
American Vanguard Corporation
American Water Works
American Woodmark Corporation
America's Car-Mart, Inc.
AmeriGas Partners, L.P.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL
Finance
Health Care
Technology
Public Utilities
Consumer Durables
Consumer Services
n/a
n/a
Basic Industries
Public Utilities
Basic Industries
Consumer Durables
Consumer Services
Finance
AMRB
AMS
AMSWA
AWR
AMSC
AMT
AMTÂ
AMT^B
AVD
AWK
AMWD
CRMT
APU
AMP
337
338
339
340
341
SERVICES, INC.
Ameris Bancorp
AMERISAFE, Inc.
AmeriServ Financial Inc.
AmeriServ Financial Inc.
AmerisourceBergen Corporation
Finance
Finance
Finance
Finance
Health Care
ABCB
AMSF
ASRV
ASRVP
ABC
342
343
344
345
(Holding Co)
Ames National Corporation
Amgen Inc.
Amicus Therapeutics, Inc.
Amira Nature Foods Ltd
Finance
Health Care
Health Care
Consumer Non-
ATLO
AMGN
FOLD
ANFI
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
Amkor Technology, Inc.

AMN Healthcare Services Inc
Ampco-Pittsburgh Corporation
Amphastar Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Amphenol Corporation
Ampio Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Amplify Online Retail ETF
Amplify Snack Brands, inc.
Durables
Technology
n/a
Capital Goods
Health Care
Capital Goods
Health Care
n/a
Consumer Non-
AMKR
AMN
AP
AMPH
APH
AMPE
IBUY
BETR
354
355
356
357
AmpliPhi Biosciences Corporation

AMREP Corporation
Amsurg Corp.
Amsurg Corp.
Durables
Health Care
Consumer Services
Health Care
Health Care
APHB
AXR
AMSG
AMSGP
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
Amtech Systems, Inc.

AMTEK, Inc.
AmTrust Financial Services, Inc.
Amyris, Inc.
Anadarko Petroleum Corporation
Anadarko Petroleum Corporation
Analog Devices, Inc.
Analogic Corporation
Anavex Life Sciences Corp.
Anchor Bancorp
Andina Acquisition Corp. II
Angie's List, Inc.
AngioDynamics, Inc.
AngloGold Ashanti Limited
Anheuser-Busch Inbev SA
Technology
Consumer Durables
Finance
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Finance
Finance
Basic Industries
Energy
Energy
Technology
Capital Goods
Health Care
Finance
Finance
Finance
Finance
Finance
Consumer Services
Health Care
Basic Industries
Consumer Non-
ASYS
AME
AFSI
AFSIÂ
AFSI^B
AFSI^C
AFSI^D
AFSIÊ
AFSI^F
AFSS
AFST
AMRS
AEUA
APC
ADI
ALOG
AVXL
ANCB
ANDA
ANDAR
ANDAU
ANDAW
ANGI
ANGO
AU
BUD
384 ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

385 Anika Therapeutics Inc.
386 Anixter International Inc.
Durables
Health Care
Health Care
Consumer Non-
ANIP
ANIK
AXE
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
Durables
Consumer Services
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Technology
Health Care
Public Utilities
Energy
Health Care
Health Care
NLY
NLYÂ
NLY^C
NLY^D
NLYÊ
ANSS
ATRS
AM
AR
ANTM
ANTX
Annaly Capital Management Inc

ANSYS, Inc.
Antares Pharma, Inc.
Antero Midstream Partners LP
Antero Resources Corporation
Anthem, Inc.
Anthem, Inc.
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Anworth Mortgage Asset Corporation
Aon plc
Aoxin Tianli Group, Inc.
Health Care
Consumer Services
n/a
n/a
n/a
Finance
Consumer Non-
ANTH
ANH
ANHÂ
ANH^B
ANH^C
AON
ABAC
405 Aoxing Pharmaceutical Company, Inc.

406 Apache Corporation
407 Apartment Investment and
Durables
Health Care
Energy
Consumer Services
AXN
APA
AIV
Management Company
408 Apartment Investment and
n/a
AIVÂ
Management Company
409 Apigee Corporation
410 Apogee Enterprises, Inc.
411 Apollo Commercial Real Estate
Technology
Capital Goods
Consumer Services
APIC
APOG
ARI
Finance
n/a
ARIÂ
Finance
n/a
ARI^C
Consumer Services
Finance
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Technology
Consumer Services
Technology
Consumer Services
APOL
APO
AIB
AINV
AIY
AMEH
AFT
AIF
APPF
APLE
AAPL
ARCI
America, Inc.
426 Applied DNA Sciences Inc
427 Applied DNA Sciences Inc
428 Applied Genetic Technologies
Consumer Services
Consumer Services
Health Care
APDN
APDNW
AGTC
Corporation
429 Applied Industrial Technologies, Inc.
Consumer Durables
AIT
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
Finance
Apollo Education Group, Inc.
Apollo Global Management, LLC
Apollo Investment Corporation
Apollo Medical Holdings, Inc.
Apollo Senior Floating Rate Fund Inc.
Apollo Tactical Income Fund Inc.
AppFolio, Inc.
Apple Hospitality REIT, Inc.
Apple Inc.
Appliance Recycling Centers of
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
Applied Materials, Inc.

Applied Micro Circuits Corporation
Applied Optoelectronics, Inc.
Approach Resources Inc.
Apptio, Inc.
Apricus Biosciences, Inc.
AptarGroup, Inc.
Technology
Technology
Technology
Energy
Technology
Health Care
Consumer Non-
AMAT
AMCC
AAOI
AREX
APTI
APRI
ATR
Aptevo Therapeutics Inc.

Aptose Biosciences, Inc.
Aqua America, Inc.
Aqua Metals, Inc.
AquaVenture Holdings Limited
Aquinox Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Aradigm Corporation
Aralez Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Aramark
Aratana Therapeutics, Inc.
Arbor Realty Trust
Arbor Realty Trust
Arbor Realty Trust
Arbor Realty Trust
Arbor Realty Trust
Arbutus Biopharma Corporation
ARC Document Solutions, Inc.
ARC Group Worldwide, Inc.
Arc Logistic Partners LP
ARCA biopharma, Inc.
Arcadia Biosciences, Inc.
ArcBest Corporation
ArcelorMittal
Arch Capital Group Ltd.
Arch Coal, Inc.
Archer-Daniels-Midland Company
Durables
Health Care
Health Care
Public Utilities
Basic Industries
Public Utilities
Health Care
Health Care
Health Care
Consumer Services
Health Care
Consumer Services
n/a
n/a
n/a
Consumer Services
Health Care
Consumer Services
Capital Goods
Energy
Health Care
Basic Industries
Transportation
Basic Industries
Finance
Finance
n/a
Energy
Consumer Non-
APVO
APTO
WTR
AQMS
WAAS
AQXP
ARDM
ARLZ
ARMK
PETX
ABR
ABRÂ
ABR^B
ABR^C
ABRN
ABUS
ARC
ARCW
ARCX
ABIO
RKDA
ARCB
MT
ACGL
ACGLP
ARH^C
ARCH
ADM
Archrock Partners, L.P.

Archrock, Inc.
Arconic Inc.
Arconic Inc.
Arconic Inc.
Durables
Public Utilities
Public Utilities
n/a
Capital Goods
n/a
APLP
AROC
ARNC^
AA
ARNC
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
Arconic Inc.
Arcos Dorados Holdings Inc.
Arctic Cat Inc.
Ardelyx, Inc.
Ardmore Shipping Corporation
Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Ares Capital Corporation
Ares Commercial Real Estate
n/a
Consumer Services
Capital Goods
Health Care
Transportation
Health Care
n/a
n/a
n/a
Consumer Services
ARNC^B
ARCO
ACAT
ARDX
ASC
ARNA
AFC
ARCC
ARU
ACRE
n/a
ARDC
Finance
n/a
Basic Industries
Finance
ARES
ARESÂ
AGX
AGII
Finance
AGIIL
Health Care
Technology
Health Care
Technology
Consumer Services
Finance
Finance
Finance
Finance
Consumer Services
n/a
n/a
Consumer Non-
ARGS
ARIS
ARIA
ANET
ARKR
AI
AIC
AIW
AHH
ARR
ARRÂ
ARR^B
AFI
499 Armstrong World Industries Inc
Durables
Consumer Non-
AWI
500
501
502
503
504
Durables
Miscellaneous
Finance
Finance
Finance
Finance
ARTX
ARWA
ARWAR
ARWAU
ARWAW
Corporation
480 Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund,
481
482
483
484
Inc.
Ares Management L.P.
Ares Management L.P.
Argan, Inc.
Argo Group International Holdings,
Ltd.
485 Argo Group International Holdings,
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
Ltd.
Argos Therapeutics, Inc.
ARI Network Services, Inc.
ARIAD Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Arista Networks, Inc.
Ark Restaurants Corp.
Arlington Asset Investment Corp
Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc.
ARMOUR Residential REIT, Inc.
Armstrong Flooring, Inc.
Arotech Corporation
Arowana Inc.
Arowana Inc.
Arowana Inc.
Arowana Inc.
505
506
507
508
509
510
ArQule, Inc.
Array BioPharma Inc.
Arrhythmia Research Technology Inc.
ARRIS International plc
Arrow DWA Tactical ETF
Arrow Electronics, Inc.
Health Care
Health Care
Health Care
Technology
n/a
Consumer Non-
ARQL
ARRY
HRT
ARRS
DWAT
ARW
Arrow Financial Corporation

Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Artesian Resources Corporation
Arthur J. Gallagher & Co.
Artisan Partners Asset Management
Durables
Finance
Health Care
Public Utilities
Finance
Finance
AROW
ARWR
ARTNA
AJG
APAM
Inc.
516 Art's-Way Manufacturing Co.,
Capital Goods
ARTW
511
512
513
514
515
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
Inc.
ASA Gold and Precious Metals Limited
Asanko Gold Inc.
Asante Solutions, Inc.
ASB Bancorp, Inc.
Asbury Automotive Group Inc
Ascena Retail Group, Inc.
Ascendis Pharma A/S
Ascent Capital Group, Inc.
Ashford Hospitality Prime, Inc.
Ashford Hospitality Prime, Inc.
Ashford Hospitality Trust Inc
Ashford Inc.
Ashland Global Holdings Inc.
Asia Pacific Fund, Inc. (The)
Asia Pacific Wire & Cable Corporation
n/a
Basic Industries
n/a
Finance
Consumer Durables
Consumer Services
Health Care
Consumer Services
Consumer Services
n/a
Consumer Services
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Consumer Services
Consumer Durables
n/a
Basic Industries
ASA
AKG
PUMP
ASBB
ABG
ASNA
ASND
ASCMA
AHP
AHP^B
AHT
AHTÂ
AHT^D
AHT^F
AHT^G
AINC
ASH
APB
APWC
536
537
538
539
540
541
Limited
Asia Tigers Fund, Inc. (The)
ASML Holding N.V.
Aspen Aerogels, Inc.
Aspen Insurance Holdings Limited
n/a
Technology
Consumer Services
Finance
n/a
n/a
GRR
ASML
ASPN
AHL
AHLÂ
AHL^B
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584

Aspen Technology, Inc.
Assembly Biosciences, Inc.
Associated Banc-Corp
Associated Capital Group, Inc.
Assurant, Inc.
Assured Guaranty Ltd.
Asta Funding, Inc.
Astec Industries, Inc.
Asterias Biotherapeutics, Inc.
Asterias Biotherapeutics, Inc.
Astoria Financial Corporation
Astoria Financial Corporation
Astrazeneca PLC
Astronics Corporation
AstroNova, Inc.
Astrotech Corporation
Asure Software Inc
At Home Group Inc.
AT&T Inc.
ATA Inc.
Atara Biotherapeutics, Inc.
Atento S.A.
athenahealth, Inc.
Athersys, Inc.
Atkore International Group Inc.
Atlantic Alliance Partnership Corp.
Atlantic American Corporation
Atlantic Capital Bancshares, Inc.
Atlantic Coast Financial Corporation
Atlantic Power Corporation
Atlantica Yield plc
Atlanticus Holdings Corporation
Atlas Air Worldwide Holdings
Atlas Financial Holdings, Inc.
Atlassian Corporation Plc
n/a
n/a
Technology
Health Care
Finance
n/a
n/a
n/a
Finance
Finance
Finance
n/a
n/a
n/a
Finance
Capital Goods
Health Care
n/a
Finance
n/a
Health Care
Capital Goods
Technology
Capital Goods
Technology
Consumer Services
Public Utilities
Consumer Services
Health Care
Public Utilities
Miscellaneous
Health Care
Miscellaneous
Consumer Services
Finance
Finance
Finance
Energy
Public Utilities
Finance
Transportation
Finance
Technology
AHL^C
AHL^D
AZPN
ASMB
ASB
ASB.WS
ASB^C
ASB^D
AC
AIZ
AGO
AGO^B
AGOÊ
AGO^F
ASFI
ASTE
AST
AST.WS
AF
AF^C
AZN
ATRO
ALOT
ASTC
ASUR
HOME
T
ATAI
ATRA
ATTO
ATHN
ATHX
ATKR
AAPC
AAME
ACBI
ACFC
AT
ABY
ATLC
AAWW
AFH
TEAM
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
Atmos Energy Corporation

ATN International, Inc.
Atomera Incorporated
Atossa Genetics Inc.
AtriCure, Inc.
Atrion Corporation
Attunity Ltd.
Atwood Oceanics, Inc.
aTyr Pharma, Inc.
AU Optronics Corp
Auburn National Bancorporation, Inc.
Audentes Therapeutics, Inc.
AudioCodes Ltd.
Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc
Auris Medical Holding AG
Autobytel Inc.
Autodesk, Inc.
Autohome Inc.
Autoliv, Inc.
Automatic Data Processing, Inc.
AutoNation, Inc.
AutoZone, Inc.
Avalon Holdings Corporation
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.
Avangrid, Inc.
Avenue Income Credit Strategies Fund
AVEO Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Avery Dennison Corporation
AveXis, Inc.
AVG Technologies N.V.
Avianca Holdings S.A.
Aviat Networks, Inc.
Avid Technology, Inc.
Avinger, Inc.
Avino Silver
Aviragen Therapeutics, Inc.
Avis Budget Group, Inc.
Avista Corporation
Avista Healthcare Public Acquisition
Corp.
624 Aviva plc
625 Aviva plc
Public Utilities
Public Utilities
Technology
Health Care
Health Care
Health Care
Technology
Energy
Health Care
Technology
Finance
Health Care
Public Utilities
Health Care
Health Care
Technology
Technology
Technology
Capital Goods
Technology
Consumer Durables
Consumer Services
Public Utilities
Consumer Services
Public Utilities
n/a
Health Care
Consumer Durables
Health Care
Technology
Transportation
Technology
Technology
Health Care
Basic Industries
Health Care
Consumer Services
Public Utilities
Finance
ATO
ATNI
ATMR
ATOS
ATRC
ATRI
ATTU
ATW
LIFE
AUO
AUBN
BOLD
AUDC
AUPH
EARS
ABTL
ADSK
ATHM
ALV
ADP
AN
AZO
AWX
AVB
AGR
ACP
AVEO
AVY
AVXS
AVG
AVH
AVNW
AVID
AVGR
ASM
AVIR
CAR
AVA
AHPAU
Finance
n/a
AV
AVV.CL
626 Avnet, Inc.
Consumer Non-
AVT
627 Avon Products, Inc.
Durables
Consumer Non-
AVP
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
Durables
Capital Goods
Technology
Basic Industries
Finance
Finance
Finance
Technology
Finance
n/a
n/a
Health Care
Health Care
Health Care
Technology
Public Utilities
n/a
Consumer Durables
AVX
AWRE
AXTA
AXAR
AXARU
AXARW
ACLS
AXS
AXS^C
AXS^D
AXGN
AXON
AXSM
AXTI
AZRE
AZRX
AZZ
AVX Corporation
Aware, Inc.
Axalta Coating Systems Ltd.
Axar Acquisition Corp.
Axcelis Technologies, Inc.
Axis Capital Holdings Limited
AxoGen, Inc.
Axovant Sciences Ltd.
Axsome Therapeutics, Inc.
AXT Inc
Azure Power Global Limited
AzurRx BioPharma, Inc.
AZZ Inc.
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ExxonMobil Fuels & Lubricants (F&L) is a leading marketer of finished lubricants, asphalts, and
specialties products, as well as one of the worlds largest suppliers of base stocks. Our global
brands identify ExxonMobil products that are sold around the world. Mobil 1, Mobil
Delvac, and Mobil SHC lubricants are at the forefront of these brands. Major vehicle and
industrial equipment manufacturers trust us to deliver technologically advanced products that
protect their customers engines and machinery while enabling peak performance.
We are a global organization with a strong distribution network. We focus on delivering a
reliable supply of high-quality lubricants and providing technical application expertise to
customers around the world. We offer our product through direct sales and distributor channels.
Technology leadership
As a company, we have always been dedicated to delivering outstanding products and services to
our customers. We have many excellent practices and procedures in place that have helped us to
protect the quality of our world-class brands across each of our lines of business. ExxonMobil
F&L representatives are engaged in many industry activities related to product performance
standards and testing striving for an industry-level playing field with product integrity
principles that are consistent with our high standards.
With continued investment in technology and the ingenuity of our people, ExxonMobil F&L has
delivered a wide range of innovations that positively impact a large number of industries
worldwide. Based on our commitment to technology leadership, we employ a vast array of
scientists, engineers, and mathematicians to further advance our process and product technology.
To maintain and further cultivate innovation for today and tomorrow, nearly 75 percent of
professionals hired by ExxonMobil F&L in 2011 held a technical degree.
Disciplined and integrated approach
We are committed to meeting the world's growing demand for energy in an economically,
environmentally, and socially responsible manner. Our commitment to high ethical standards is
implemented through our global policies and practices in every aspect of our business, at
every location where we operate. Our Standards of Business Conduct provide a framework for
responsible operations with regard to employment practices around the world. We expect
employees to adhere to all company policies and to be responsible for reporting any suspected
violations of the law or corporate policy to management.
Our organization works closely with colleagues in other global ExxonMobil entities, such as
ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co. and ExxonMobil Chemical Co., creating synergies to
help advance our processes, operations, and products. This integrated approach offers us unique
advantages and further supports our technology leadership and operational excellence.
2) Chevron Corporation
Chevron Corporation (NYSE: CVX) is an American multinational energy corporation. One of
the successor companies of Standard Oil, it is headquartered in San Ramon, California, and
active in more than 180 countries. Chevron is engaged in every aspect of the oil, natural gas,
andgeothermal energy industries, including hydrocarbon exploration andproduction; refining,
marketing and transport; chemicals manufacturing and sales; and power generation. Chevron is
one of the world's largest oil companies; as of 2014, it ranked third in the Fortune 500 list of the
top USclosely held and public corporations and sixteenth on the Fortune Global 500list of the top
500 corporations worldwide.[3][4] It was also one of the Seven Sisters that dominated the global
petroleum industry from the mid-1940s to the 1970s.
Chevron's downstream operations manufacture and sell products such as fuels, lubricants,
additives and petrochemicals. The company's most significant areas of operations are the west
coast of North America, the U.S. Gulf Coast, Southeast Asia, South Korea, Australia and South
Africa. In 2010, Chevron sold an average 3.1 million barrels per day (490103 m3/d) of refined
products like gasoline, diesel and jet fuel.
Chevron's alternative energy operations include geothermal, solar, power, biofuel, fuel cells,
and hydrogen. In 20112013, the company planned to spend at least $2 billion on research and
acquisition of renewable power ventures. Chevron has claimed to be the world's largest producer
of geothermal energy. In October 2011, Chevron launched a 29-MW thermal solar-to-steam
facility in the Coalinga Field to produce the steam for enhanced oil recovery. The project is the
largest of its kind in the world.
Chevron is also one of the first two fuel brands to be Top Tier certified. The other being Tulsa,
Oklahoma based QuikTrip. One of the many progeny of the Standard Oil Trust, Chevron
Corporation has grown from its modest California origins to become a major power in the
international oil market. Its dramatic discoveries in Saudi Arabia gave Chevron a strong position
in the world's largest oil region and helped fuel 20 years of record earnings in the postwar era.
The rise of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in the early 1970s
deprived Chevron of its comfortable Middle East position, causing considerable anxiety and a
determined search for new domestic oil resources at a company long dependent on foreign
supplies. The firm's 1984 purchase of Gulf Corporation at $13.2 billion, the largest industrial
transaction to that date, more than doubled Chevron's oil and gas reserves but failed to bring its
profit record back to pre-1973 levels of performance. By the mid-1990s, however, Chevron was
posting strong earnings, a result of higher gasoline prices and the company's restructuring and
cost-cutting efforts.
3) Apple Inc.
Apple Inc. is an American multinational corporation that designs and manufactures consumer
electronics and computer software products. The company's best-known hardware products
include Macintosh computers, the iPod and the iPhone. Apple software includes the Mac OS X
operating system, the iTunes media browser, the life suite of multimedia and creativity software,
the iWork suite of productivity software, Final Cut Studio, a suite of professional audio and filmindustry software products, and Logic Studio, a suite of audio tools. The company operates more
than 250 retail stores in nine countries and an online store where hardware and software products
are sold. Established in Cupertino, California on April 1, 1976 and incorporated January 3, 1977,
the company was called Apple Computer, Inc. for its first 30 years, but dropped the word
"Computer" on January 9, 2007 to reflect the company's ongoing expansion into the consumer
electronics market in addition to its traditional focus on personal computers. Apple has about
35,000 employees worldwide and had worldwide annual sales of US$32.48 billion in its fiscal
year ending September 29, 2008.For reasons as various as its philosophy of comprehensive
aesthetic design to its distinctive advertising campaigns, Apple has established a unique
reputation in the consumer electronics industry.
This includes a customer base that is devoted to the company and its brand, particularly in the
United States. Fortune magazine named Apple the most admired company in the United States in
2008 and in the world in 2009. Apple was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald
Wayne in April 1976 to develop and sell personal computers. It was incorporated as Apple
Computer, Inc. in January 1977, and was renamed as Apple Inc. in January 2007 to reflect its
shifted focus toward consumer electronics. Apple (NASDAQ: AAPL) joined the Dow Jones
Industrial Average in March 2015.
Apple is the world's largest information technology company by revenue, the world's largest
technology
company
by total
assets, and
the world's
second-largest
mobile
phone
manufacturer. In November 2014, in addition to being the largest publicly traded corporation in
the world by market capitalization, Apple became the first U.S. company to be valued at
over US$700 billion. The company employs 115,000 permanent full-time employees as of July
2015 and maintains 478 retail stores in seventeen countries as of March 2016. It operates
the online Apple Store and iTunes Store, the latter of which is the world's largest music retailer.
There are over one billion actively used Apple products worldwide as of March 2016.
Apple's worldwide annual revenue totaled $233 billion for the fiscal year ending in September
2015. This revenue generation accounts for approximately 1.25% of the total United States
GDP. The company enjoys a high level of brand loyalty and, according to Interbrains annual
Best Global Brands report, has been the world's most valuable brand for 4 years in a row, with a
valuation in 2016 of $178.1 billion. The corporation receives significant criticism regarding the
labor practices of its contractors and its environmental and business practices, including the
origins of source materials.
In August 2016, after a three-year investigation by the EU's competition commissioner that
concluded that Apple received "illegal state aid" from Ireland, the EU ordered Apple to pay 13
billion euros ($14.5 billion), plus interest, in unpaid taxes.
4) JPMorgan Chase
JPMorgan
Chase
&
Co. is
a multinational banking
and
financial
services
holding headquartered in New York City. It is the largest bank in the United States, the world's
sixth largest bank by total assets, with total assets of US$2.35 trillion, and the world's most
valuable bank by market capitalization. It is a major provider of financial services, and according
to Forbes magazine is the world's sixth largest public company based upon a composite
ranking. The hedge fund unit of JPMorgan Chase is the second largest hedge fund in the United
States. The company was formed in 2000, when Chase Manhattan Corporation merged with J.P.
Morgan & Co.
The
J.P.
Morgan
brand,
historically
known
as
Morgan,
is
used
by
the
investment, asset management, private banking, private wealth management, and treasury &
securities services divisions. Fiduciary activity within private banking and private wealth
management is done under the aegis of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.the actual trustee. The
Chase brand is used for credit card services in the United States and Canada, the banks
retail activities in the United States, and commercial banking. The corporate is located at 270
Park Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. The retail and commercial bank is
headquartered in Chase Tower, Chicago Loop, Chicago, Illinois, U.S. JPMorgan Chase & Co. is
considered to be a universal bank.
JPMorgan Chase is one of the Big Four banks of the United States, along with Bank of
America, Citigroup, and Wells Fargo. According to Bloomberg, as of October 2011, JPMorgan
Chase had surpassed Bank of America as the largest U.S. bank by assets
JPMorgan Chase & Co. is one of the oldest, largest and best-known financial institutions in the
world. The firm's legacy dates back to 1799 when its earliest predecessor was chartered in New
York City.
Our firm is built on the foundation of more than 1200 predecessor institutions. Its major heritage
firms J.P. Morgan, Chase Manhattan, Chemical, Manufacturers Hanover (in New York City) and
Bank One, First Chicago, and National Bank of Detroit (in the Midwest) were each closely tied,
in their time, to innovations in finance and the growth of the United States and global economies.
As JPMorgan Chase & Co does today, these firms also made significant contributions to their
local communities.
The Morgan branch of the corporation traces its history to J.P. Morgan and Company, Inc.
(established 1895), and Guaranty Trust Company of New York (1864), which merged in 1959.
The bank was renamed Morgan Guaranty Trust Co. in 1969. In 1989 Morgan became a leading
U.S. underwriter of corporate debt, and by the end of the 20th century it had become one of the
worlds most-respected investment banking houses. See also J.P. Morgan; J.P. Morgan, Jr.
In the early 21st century the new firm combined Chase Manhattans experience in personal and
small-business banking with J.P. Morgans background in investment banking, government
securities, and commercial banking. One of Chicago merged with JPMorgan Chase in 2004.
Most of Ones operations assumed the Chase brand name. In 2008 JPMorgan Chase suffered
billions of dollars in losses during the subprime mortgage crisis, a severe contraction of liquidity
in credit markets worldwide brought about by the steep devaluation of mortgage-backed
securities. In late 2008 the U.S. government invested $25 billion in JPMorgan Chase under
the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act, a law designed to prevent the crisis from causing
further damage to the U.S. financial system (the money was repaid in June 2009). In September
2008 the federal government seized the bank company Washington Mutual, Inc., and sold its
banking assets to JPMorgan Chase. In May 2012 JPMorgan Chase announced that an investment
unit of the bank had lost some $2 billion through a complex series of trades in derivatives,
including credit-default swaps (CDSs).
5) Microsoft Corporation
Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational company headquartered in Redmond,
Washington,
that
develops,
manufactures,
licenses,
supports
and
sells computer
software, consumer electronics and personal and services. Its best known software products are
the Microsoft line of operating systems, Microsoft Office, and Internet and Edge web browsers.
Its flagship hardware products are the Xbox video game consoles and the Microsoft
Surface tablet lineup. As of 2011, it was the world's largest software maker by revenue, and one
of the worlds.
Microsoft was founded by Paul Allen and Bill Gates on April 4, 1975, to develop and
sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800. It rose to dominate the personal computer operating
system market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by Microsoft. The company's
1986 initial public offering (IPO), and subsequent rise in its share price, created three billionaires
and an estimated 12,000 millionaires among Microsoft employees. Since the 1990s, it has
increasingly diversified from the operating system market and has made a number of corporate
acquisitions. In May 2011, Microsoft acquired Skype Technologies for $8.5 billion in its largest
acquisition up to, June 2016 bought LinkedIn for $26.2 billion.
As of 2015, Microsoft is market-dominant in the IBM PC-compatible operating system market
and the office software suite market, although it has lost the majority of the overall operating
system market to Android. The company also produces a wide range of other software for
desktops and servers, and is active in areas including Internet search (with Bing), the video game
industry(with the Xbox, Xbox 360 and Xbox One consoles), the digital services market
(through MSN), and mobile phones (via the operating systems of Nokia's former
phones and Windows Phone OS). In June 2012, Microsoft entered the personal computer
production market for the first time, with the launch of the Microsoft Surface, a line of tablet
computers. With the acquisition of Nokia's devices and services division to form Microsoft
Mobile, the company re-entered the smartphone hardware market, after its previous
attempt, Microsoft Kin, which resulted from their acquisition of Danger Inc.
The word "Microsoft" is a portmanteau of "microcomputer" and "software" Microsoft is a largest
software company in the world and founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen in 1975 (Microsoft
Corporation 2004). Microsoft is incorporated as limited company in United Kingdom (Microsoft
Corporation 2004). Nowadays, Microsoft becomes a monopoly company in the market (Lewis
1999, vii). Mission and value of Microsoft state that are "to assist public and company in
business during the world realize their full potential" (Microsoft Corporation 2010d). For
software companies as large as Microsoft, the responsibility is most important on the social and
people. The President for Latin America, Hernan Rincon (2007) claimed that how Microsoft
initiatives are real differences for individuals, communities, business, and entities countries in
Latin America and Caribbean that is, the responsibility of Microsoft Company. Thus, as a global
company would make sure the information technology's contribution goes well away from the
business that includes Microsoft's social and economic impact on society (Rincon 2007).
6) American International Group
American International Group, Inc., also known as AIG, is an American multinational insurance
corporation with more than 88 million customers in 130 countries. AIG companies employ over
64,000 people in 90 countries. The company operates through three businesses: AIG Property
Casualty, AIG Life and Retirement and United Guaranty Corporation (UGC). AIG Property
Casualty provides insurance products for commercial, institutional and individual customers.
AIG Life and Retirement provides life insurance and retirement services in the United States.
UGC focuses on mortgage guaranty insurance and mortgage insurance. AIG also focuses on
global capital markets operations, direct investment and retained interests.
AIG was a central player in the financial crisis of 2008. It was bailed out by the federal
government for $180 billion, and the government took control. The Financial Crisis Inquiry
Commission (FCIC) of the US government concluded AIG failed primarily because it sold
massive amounts of insurance without hedging its investment. Its enormous sales of credit
default swaps were made without putting up initial collateral, setting aside capital reserves, or
hedging its exposure a profound failure in corporate governance, particularly its riskmanagement practices.
The Board of Directors (the Board) of American International Group, Inc. (AIG), acting on
the recommendation of its Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, has developed
this set of Corporate Governance Guidelines to promote the effective functioning of the Board
and its committees, to promote the interests of shareholders and to set forth a common set of
expectations as to how the Board, its various committees, individual directors, and management
should perform their functions. These Guidelines are designed with AIGs current business
operations, ownership, capital structure, and economic conditions in mind.
AIGs corporate headquarters are in New York City, its Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA)
headquarters are in London, and its Asian headquarters are in Hong Kong. The company serves
98% of the Fortune 500 companies, 96% of Fortune 1000, and 90% of Fortune Global 500, and
insures 40% of Forbes 400 Richest Americans. AIG was ranked 40 th largest company in the 2014
Fortune 500 list.[6] According to the 2014 Forbes Global 2000 list, AIG is the 42 nd-largest public
company in the world.[7] On March 31, 2015 AIG had a market capitalization of $75.04 billion
7) Wells Fargo
Wells Fargo & Company is an American international banking and financial services holding
company headquartered in San Francisco, California, with "hub quarters" throughout the
country. It is the world's second largest bank by market capitalization and the third largest bank
in the U.S. by assets. In July 2015, Wells Fargo became the world's largest bank by market
capitalization, edging past ICBC, before slipping behind JP Morgan Chase in September 2016, in
the wake of a scandal involving the alleged creation of over 2 million fake bank accounts by
thousands of Wells Fargo employees. Wells Fargo surpassed Citigroup Inc. to become the thirdlargest U.S. bank by assets at the end of 2015. Wells Fargo is the second largest bank in deposits,
home
mortgage
servicing,
and
debit
cards.
The
firm's
primary
U.S. operating
subsidiary is national bank Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., which designates its main office as Sioux
Falls, South Dakota.
In 2016, Wells Fargo ranked 7th on the Forbes Magazine Global 2000 list of largest public
companies in the world and ranked 27th on the Fortune 500list of largest companies in
the United States. In 2015, the company was ranked the 22nd most admired company in the
world, and the 7th most respected company in the world.
As of October 2015, the company had a credit rating of AA. However, for a brief period in
2007, the company was the only AAA-rated bank.
Wells Fargo in its present form is a result of a merger between San Franciscobased Wells Fargo
& Company and Minneapolis-based Norwest Corporation in 1998 and the subsequent 2008
acquisition of Charlotte-based Wachovia. Following the mergers, the company transferred its
headquarters to Wells Fargo's headquarters in San Francisco and merged its operating subsidiary
with Wells Fargo's operating subsidiary in Sioux Falls.
Along with JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, and Citigroup, Wells Fargo is one of the "Big
Four Banks" of the United States. As of December 31, 2015, it had 8,700 retail branches and
13,000 automated teller machines. The company operates across 35 countries and has over 70
million customers globally.
In February 2014, Wells Fargo was named the world's most valuable bank brand for the second
year running in The Banker and Brand Finance study of the top 500 banking brands. Following
the emergence in September 2016 of the scandals involving unauthorized cross-selling and the
creation of fake accounts, Wells Fargo in October 2016 became the largest bank ever to lose its
accreditation with the Better Business Bureau and was also placed under investigation by the
California attorney general for alleged criminal identity during the creation of millions of
accounts without customer consent. Separately in October 2016, Wells Fargo settled upon a
payout for a racketeering lawsuit alleging the overcharging of hundreds of thousands of
homeowners by the bank for appraisals ordered after defaults on the customers' mortgage loans.
By 1995 Wells Fargo had become one of the first banks to offer the facility of online banking.
Customers could access their account information, pay bills and much more as a result of
internet banking. In 1996 Wells Fargo acquired First Interstate for $17.3 billion.
The Northwest Corporation of Minnesota took on the Wells Fargo name after a merger in 1998.
Northwest decided to keep the name as it was well known historically and nationally. Wells
Fargo from now on had their headquarters in San Francisco, California.
Wells Fargo went on to acquire more organizations such as First Security Corporation (2000),
H. D. Vest Financial Services (2001), CIT Construction (2007) and Century Bank (2008). In
2008, Wells Fargo acquired the Wachovia Corporation for $15.4 Billion.
Wells Fargo has diversified over the years and now offers a range of financial services. Wells
Fargo is organized into 3 business sectors which are Retail Banking, Wholesale Banking and
Consumer Finance. Wells Fargo is committed to the environment and has been named Green
Power Partner of the Year.
8) IBM
International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), incorporated on June 16, 1911, is a
technology company. The Company operates through five segments: Global Technology
Services (GTS), Global Business Services (GBS), Software, Systems Hardware and Global
Financing.
The Company's GTS segment offers services, including strategic outsourcing, integrated
technology services, cloud and technology support services (maintenance services). The
Company's strategic outsourcing delivers information technology (IT) outsourcing services
focused on clients' enterprise IT infrastructure environments. Its integrated technology services
deliver a portfolio of project-based and managed services. Its cloud delivers a set of hybrid cloud
services, including assisting clients with building their own private clouds, building clouds,
allowing clients to leverage cloud infrastructure services from the Soft Layer and cloud managed
services offerings, and creating environments linking their private and public workloads together.
Its technology support services deliver a line of support services from product maintenance
through solution support.
The Company's GBS segment provides consulting and systems integration, application
management services and process services. The Company's consulting and systems integration
delivers client value with solutions in strategy and transformation, application innovation
services, enterprise applications and smarter analytics. Their application management service
delivers application management, maintenance and support services for packaged software, as
well as custom and legacy applications. Its global process services deliver a range of offerings
consisting of transformational solutions, including processing platforms and business process
outsourcing.
The Company's software segment consists primarily of middleware and operating systems
software. Middleware serves as a software layer that connects operating systems to applications
across a software platform. The IBM middleware portfolio allows integration of unrelated
systems, processes and applications, while providing functionality, in both on premise and hybrid
cloud environments. Operating systems are the software engines that run computers. The
Company's software segment includes WebSphere, Information Management, Tivoli, Workforce
Solutions, Rational, Watson, Watson Health and Watson Internet of Things (IoT). Its WebSphere
delivers capabilities that enable organizations to run business applications. Information
Management enables clients to integrate, manage and analyze amounts of data from a range of
sources. Tivoli includes security systems software that provides clients with a single security
intelligence platform that enables them to secure various aspects of their enterprise and prevent
security breaches.The Company's Workforce Solutions enable businesses to connect people and
processes for communication and productivity through collaboration, messaging and social
networking software. Rational supports software development for both IT and complex
embedded system solutions, with a portfolio of products and solutions supporting DevOps and
Smarter Product Development, transforming the way lines of business, development and
operations work together to deliver innovation through software. Watson is a computing platform
that has the ability to interact in natural language, processing amounts of big data, and learning
from its interactions with people and computers. Watson Health is a business unit focused on the
health industry, built upon the foundation of the work done with Watson and the momentum of
Cloud.
The Company's Systems Hardware segment provides clients with infrastructure technologies.
IBM Systems also designs and procures semiconductor devices for use in the Company's
systems. The Company offers a range of systems designed to address capacity, security, and
speed and compute power needs for businesses, organizations and technical computing
applications. Its portfolio includes z Systems, an enterprise platform for integrating data,
transactions and insight, and Power Systems, a system designed from the ground up for big data,
optimized for scale-out cloud and Linux, and delivering open innovation with Open POWER. It
offers data storage products and solutions that allow clients to retain and manage growing,
complex volumes of digital information. These solutions address client requirements for
information retention and archiving, security, compliance and storage optimization including
data deduplication, availability and virtualization. The portfolio consists of a range of softwaredefined storage solutions, flash storage, and disk and tape storage solutions.
The Company's Global Financing segment includes client financing, commercial financing, and
remanufacturing and remarketing. Its client financing offers lease, instalment payment plan and
loan financing to end users and internal clients. Commercial financing offers short-term
inventory and accounts receivable financing to suppliers, distributors and remarketers of IBM
and original equipment manufacturer (OEM) products. Remanufacturing and remarketing assets
include used equipment returned from lease transactions or used surplus equipment acquired
internally or externally. The Company also sells the equipment that it purchases from Global
Financing to external clients.
The Company competes with Accenture, Alphabet Inc., Amazon.com, Inc., Computer Sciences
Corporation, Fujitsu, Hewlett-Packard Enterprise, Microsoft Corporation, CA, Inc., Oracle
Corporation, Salesforce.com, SAP, Cisco Systems, Inc., Dell, Inc., EMC Corporation, Pure
Storage, General Electric Company and Amazon Web Services.
9) Walmart
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.
Doing business as Walmart, is an American multinational retail
corporation that operates a chain of hypermarkets, discount department stores and grocery stores.
Headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas, the company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962
and incorporated on October 31, 1969. As of September 30, 2016, Walmart has 11,573 stores and
clubs in 28 countries, under a total of 63 banners. The company operates under the Walmart
name in the United States and Canada. It operates as Walmart de Mxico y Centro America in
Mexico and Central America, as Asda in the United Kingdom, as Seiyu in Japan, and as Best
Price in India. It has wholly owned operations in Argentina, Brazil, and Canada. It also owns and
operates the Sam's Club retail warehouses.
Walmart is the world's largest company by revenue, according to the Fortune Global 500 list in
2016, as well as the largest private employer in the world with 2.2 million employees. Walmart is
a family-owned business, as the company is controlled by the Walton family. Sam Walton's heirs
own over 50 percent of Walmart through their holding company, Walton Enterprises, and through
their individual holdings. It is also one of the world's most valuable companies by market
value, and is also the largest grocery retailer in the U.S. In 2016, 62.3 percent of
Walmart's US$478.614 billion sales came from its U.S. operations.
The company was listed on the New York Stock Exchange in 1972. In the late 1980s and early
1990s, the company rose from a regional to a national giant. By 1988, Walmart was the most
profitable retailer in the U.S. and by October 1989, it had become the largest in terms of
revenue. Geographically limited to the South and lower Midwest up to the mid-1980s, by the
early 1990s the company's presence spanned from coast to coastSam's Club opened in New
Jersey in November 1989 and the first California outlet opened in Lancaster in July 1990. A
Walmart in York, Pennsylvania opened in October 1990, bringing the main store to
the Northeast.
Walmart's investments outside North America have seen mixed results: its operations in
the United Kingdom, South America, and China are highly successful, whereas ventures in
Germany and South Korea failed.
Wal-Mart's history is one of innovation, leadership and success. Wal-Mart was founded by Sam
Walton in 1962, it was incorporated on October 31, 1969, and listed on the New York Stock
Exchange in 1972. It started with a single store in Rogers, Arkansas in 1962 and has grown to
what is now the worlds largest and arguably, the most emulated retailer. Some researchers refer
to Wal-Mart as the industry trendsetter. Today, this retailing pioneer has annual revenues of over
$100 billion, 3,000 stores and more than 750,000 employees worldwide. Wal-Mart operates each
store, from the products it stocks, to the front-end equipment that helps speed checkout, with the
same philosophy: provide everyday low prices and superior customer service. Lower prices also
eliminate the expense of frequent sales promotions and sales are more predictable. Wal-Mart has
invested heavily in its unique cross-docking inventory system. Cross docking has enabled WalMart to achieve economies of scale which reduce its costs of sales. With this system, goods are
continuously delivered to stores within 48 hours and often without having to stock them. This
allows Wal-Mart to replenish the shelves 4 times faster than its competition.
Wal-Mart's ability to replenish their shelves four times faster than its competition is just another
advantage they have over competition. Wal-Mart leverages its buying power through purchasing
in bulks and distributing the goods on it' own.
Wal-Mart guarantees everyday low prices and considers them the one stop shop.
Wal-Mart operates in Mexico as Walmex, in the UK as ASDA, and in Japan as Seiyu. It has
wholly owned operations in Argentina, Brazil, Canada, and Puertorico. Wal-Mart's investments
outside North America have had mixed results: its operations in South America and China are
highly successful, while it was forced to pull out of Germany and South Korea when ventures
there were unsuccessful.
10) General Electric Company, (GE)
General Electric Company (GE), incorporated on April 15, 1892, is a global digital industrial
company. The Company's products and services range from aircraft engines, power generation
and oil and gas production equipment to medical imaging, financing and industrial products. The
Company's segments include Power, Renewable Energy, Oil & Gas, Energy Management,
Aviation, Healthcare, Transportation, Appliances & Lighting, and Capital.
Power
The Company's Power segment serves power generation, industrial, government and other
customers around the world with products and services related to energy production and water
reuse. The Company's products and technologies harness resources, such as oil, gas, coal, diesel,
nuclear and water to produce electric power and include gas and steam turbines, full balance of
plant, upgrade and service solutions, as well as data-leveraging software. The Company's Gas
Power Systems offers a spectrum of heavy-duty and aero derivative gas turbines for utilities,
independent power producers and industrial application, from small, mobile power to utility
scale power plants. Its Steam Power Systems offers steam power technology for coal and nuclear
applications, including boilers, generators, steam turbines, and Air Quality Control Systems
(AQCS) to help efficiently produce power and provide performance over the life of a power
plant.
The Company's Power Services delivers maintenance, service and upgrade solutions across total
plant assets and over their operational lifecycle, leveraging the Industrial Internet to improve the
performance of such solutions. Its Distributed Power provides technology-based products and
services to generate power at or near the point of use. The product portfolio features fuel flexible
industrial gas engines, including Jenbacher and Waukesha engines, which generate power for
numerous industries globally. The Company's Water & Process Technologies provides chemical
and equipment solutions and services to help manage and optimize water resources across
numerous industries and municipalities, including water treatment, wastewater treatment and
process system solutions. Its GE Hitachi Nuclear offers advanced reactor technologies solutions,
including reactors, fuels and support services for boiling water reactors, and are offered through
joint ventures with Hitachi and Toshiba, for safety, reliability and performance for nuclear fleets.
Renewable Energy
The Company's Renewable Energy segment offers renewable power sources. Renewable Energy
offers solutions from onshore and offshore wind, hydro and low carbon technologies. The
Company's Onshore Wind provides technology and services for the onshore wind power industry
by providing wind turbine platforms, and hardware and software to optimize wind resources.
Digital Wind Farm is a site level solution to improve its customers' fleet operations. The
Company's Offshore Wind offers its high-yield offshore wind turbine, Haliade 150-6megawatts,
which is compatible with bottom fixed and floating foundations. It uses the pure torque design
and the advanced high-density direct-drive permanent magnet generator. Wind services support
customers over the lifetime of their fleet.
The Company's Hydro provides a range of solutions, products and services to serve the
hydropower industry from initial design to final commissioning, from low head/medium/high
head hydropower plants to pumped storage hydropower plants, small hydropower plants,
concentrated solar power plants, geothermal power plants and biomass power plants.
Oil & Gas
The Oil & Gas serves all segments of the oil and gas industry, from drilling, completion,
production and oil field operations, to transportation via liquefied natural gas (LNG) and
pipelines. In addition, Oil & Gas provides industrial power generation and compression solutions
to the refining and petrochemicals segments. Oil & Gas also delivers pipeline integrity solutions
and a range of sensing, inspection and monitoring technologies. Oil & Gas exploits technological
innovation from other GE segments, such as Aviation and Healthcare, to continuously improve
oil and gas industry performance, output and productivity. The Company's Turbomachinery
Solutions (TMS) provides equipment and related services for mechanical-drive, compression and
power-generation applications across the oil and gas industry. Its portfolio includes drivers (aeroderivative gas turbines, heavy-duty gas turbines and synchronous and induction electric motors),
compressors (centrifugal and axial, direct drive high speed, integrated, subsea compressors and
turbo expanders), and turn-key solutions (industrial modules and waste heat recovery).
The Company's Subsea Systems & Drilling (SS&D) provides a portfolio of subsea products and
services required to facilitate the safe and reliable flow of hydrocarbons from the subsea
wellhead to the surface. In addition, the sub-segment designs and manufactures onshore and
offshore drilling and production systems and equipment for floating production platforms and
provides a range of services related to onshore and offshore drilling activities. The Company's
Measurement & Controls (M&C) provides equipment and services for a range of industries,
including oil and gas, power generation, aerospace, metals, and transportation. The offerings
include sensor-based measurement; non-destructive testing and inspection; turbine, generator and
plant controls and condition monitoring, as well as pipeline integrity solutions. The Company's
Surface provides products and services for onshore oil and gas wells and manufactures artificial
lift equipment for extracting crude oil and other fluids from wells. Its Specific products include
downhole tools for well integrity, dry trees and surface wellheads, electric submersible pumps,
surface wellheads, wireline logging, artificial lift technologies, drilling pressure control
equipment. The Company's Downstream Technology Solutions (DTS) provides products and
services to serve the downstream segments of the industry, including refining, petrochemical,
distributed gas, flow and process control and other industrial applications. Products include
steam turbines, reciprocating and centrifugal compressors, pumps, valves, and compressed
natural gas (CNG) and small-scale LNG solutions used primarily for shale oil and gas field
development.
Energy Management
The Company's Energy Management designs and deploys technologies that transport, convert,
automate and optimize energy to electrical power. The Company's Industrial Solutions creates
technologies that distribute and control electricity to protect people, property and equipment. The
Company provides software and control solutions and offer products, such as circuit breakers,
relays, arresters, switchgear, panel boards and repair for the commercial, data center, healthcare,
mining, renewables, oil and gas, water and telecommunication markets. The Company's Grid
Solutions' products and services include high voltage equipment, power electronics, automation
and protection equipment, software solutions, in addition to its projects and services capabilities
modernize the grid. The Company serves industries, such as generation, transmission,
distribution, oil and gas, telecommunication, mining and water, and its strategic partnership
ventures, primarily in Mexico and China, allow supporting its customers through various product
and service offerings. The Company's Power Conversion applies the science and systems of
power conversion to the electric transformation. Its product portfolio includes motors,
generators, automation and control equipment and drives for energy intensive industries, such as
marine, oil and gas, renewable energy, mining, rail, metals, test systems and water.
Aviation
The Company Aviation designs and produces commercial and military aircraft engines,
integrated digital components, electric power and mechanical aircraft systems. It also provides
aftermarket services to support its products. The Company's Commercial Engines manufactures
jet engines and turboprops for commercial airframes. Its commercial engines power aircraft in all
categories include regional, narrow body and wide body. It also manufactures engines and
components for Business and General Aviation segments. Its commercial services provides
maintenance, component repair and overhaul services (MRO), including sales of replacement
parts. Its Military manufactures jet engines for military airframes. Its military engines power
various military aircraft, including fighters, bombers, tankers, helicopters and surveillance
aircraft, as well as marine applications. It provides maintenance, component repair and overhaul
services (MRO), including sales of replacement parts. Its Systems provides components, systems
and services for commercial and military segments. This includes avionics systems, aviation
electric power systems, flight efficiency and intelligent operation services, aircraft structures and
Avio Aero.
Healthcare
The Company's Healthcare provides essential healthcare technologies to medical imaging,
software and information technology (IT), patient monitoring and diagnostics, drug discovery,
biopharmaceutical manufacturing technologies and performance improvement solutions. The
Company's Healthcare Systems provides a range of technologies and services that include
diagnostic imaging and clinical systems. Its Diagnostic imaging systems offers X-ray, digital
mammography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR), surgical and
interventional imaging and molecular imaging technologies allow clinicians to see inside the
human body more clearly. Its Clinical systems include ultrasound, electrocardiography (ECG),
bone densitometry, patient monitoring, incubators and infant warmers, respiratory care, and
anesthesia management that enable clinicians to provide care for patients every day from
wellness screening to advanced diagnostics to life-saving treatment. Healthcare systems also
offers product services that include remote diagnostic and repair services for medical equipment
manufactured by the Company and by others.
The Company's Life Sciences delivers products and services for drug discovery,
biopharmaceutical manufacturing and cellular technologies to predict, diagnose and treat disease.
It also researches, manufactures, and markets imaging agents used during medical scanning
procedures to highlight organs, tissue and functions inside the human body, to aid physicians in
the early detection, diagnosis and management of disease through advanced in-vivo diagnostics.
The Company's Healthcare IT provides IT solutions, including enterprise and departmental
Information Technology products, Picture Archiving System (PACS), Radiology Information
System (RIS), Cardiovascular Information System (CVIS), revenue cycle management and
practice applications.
Transportation
The Company's Transportation is a supplier to the railroad, mining, marine, stationary power and
drilling industries. The Company's Locomotives provide freight and passenger locomotives, as
well as rail services to help solve rail challenges. The Company manufacture high-horsepower,
diesel-electric locomotives, including the Evolution Series, which meets or exceeds the United
States Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Tier 4 requirements for freight and passenger
applications. The Company develops partnerships that support advisory services, parts,
integrated software solutions and data analytics. Its offerings include tailored service programs,
high-quality parts for the Company and other locomotive platforms, overhaul, repair and upgrade
services, and wreck repair. Its portfolio provides the people, partnerships and software to
optimize operations and asset utilization. Its Digital Solutions offer a suite of software-enabled
solutions. The Company's Mining provides mining equipment and services, and its portfolio
includes drive systems for off-highway vehicles, mining equipment, and mining power and
productivity. Its Marine, Stationary & Drilling offers marine diesel engines and stationary power
diesel engines and motors for land and offshore drilling rigs.
Appliances & Lighting
The Company's Appliances & Lighting products include appliances and a subset of lighting
products, which are primarily directed to consumer applications, while other lighting products
are directed towards commercial and industrial applications. The Company also invests in the
development of differentiated products, such as energy efficient solutions for both consumers
and businesses. The Company's Appliances, sells and services home appliances, including
refrigerators, freezers, electric and gas ranges, cooktops, dishwashers, clothes washers and
dryers, microwave ovens, room air conditioners, residential water systems for filtration,
softening and heating and hybrid water heaters. Its brands include Monogram, GE Cafe, GE
Profile, GE, GE Artistry, and Hotpoint. The Company also manufactures certain products and
source finished product and component parts from third-party global manufacturers.
The Company's Lighting manufactures, sources and sells various energy-efficient solutions for
commercial, industrial, municipal and consumer applications, utilizing light-emitting diode
(LED), fluorescent, halogen and high-intensity discharge (HID) technologies. The Company sells
products under the reveal and Energy Smart consumer brands, and Evolve, GTx, Immersion,
Infusion, Lumination, Albeo, TriGain and Tetra commercial brands. The Company offers a range
of solutions and services to outfit entire properties with lighting, from ceilings, parking lots,
signage, displays, roadways, sports arenas and other areas.
Capital
The Company's Capital's continuing financial services businesses and products for aviation,
energy, infrastructure and healthcare markets. The Company's Commercial Lending and Leasing
(CLL) offers capital and services to industrials served by the Company, including the healthcare
industry through its Healthcare Equipment Finance business. The CLL business also provides
factoring solutions through its Working Capital Solutions business to the Company's industrial
businesses by purchasing its customer receivables. Its Energy Financial Services (EFS) invests in
long-lived, capital intensive energy projects and companies by providing structured equity, debt,
leasing, partnership financing, project finance and broad-based commercial finance. Its GE
Capital Aviation Services (GECAS) offers commercial aircraft financing and leasing for a range
of aircraft types and financing options.
Listing requirements for the NASDAQ
Major stock exchanges, like the Nasdaq, are exclusive clubs - their reputations rest on the
companies they trade. As such, the Nasdaq won't allow just any company to be traded on its
exchange. Only companies with a solid history and top-notch management behind them are
considered. The Nasdaq has three sets of listing requirements. Each company must meet at least
one of the three requirement sets, as well as the main rules for all companies.
Listing Requirements for All Companies

Each company must have a minimum of 1,250,000 publicly-traded shares upon listing, excluding
those held by officers, directors or any beneficial owners of more than 10% of the company. In
addition, the regular bid price at time of listing must be $4, and there must be at least
three market makers for the stock. However, a company may qualify under a closing
price alternative of $3 or $2 if the company meets varying requirements. Each listing firm is also
required to follow Nasdaq corporate governance rules 4350, 4351 and 4360. Companies must
also have at least 450 round lot (100 shares) shareholders, 2,200 total shareholders, or 550 total
shareholders with 1.1 million average trading volume over the past 12 months.
In addition to these requirements, companies must meet all of the criteria under at least one of
the following standards.
Listing Standard No. 1
The company must have aggregate pre-tax earnings in the prior three years of at least $11
million, in the prior two years at least $2.2 million, and no one year in the prior three years can
have a net loss.
The Company must have a minimum aggregate cash flow of at least $27.5 million for the past
three fiscal years, with no negative cash flow in any of those three years. In addition, its average
market capitalization over the prior 12 months must be at least $550 million, and revenues in the
previous fiscal year must be $110 million, minimum.
Companies can be removed from the cash flow requirement of Standard No. 2 if the
average market capitalization over the past 12 months is at least $850 million, and revenues over
the prior fiscal year are at least $90 million.
A company has three ways to get listed on the NASDAQ, depending on the underlying
fundamentals of the company. If a company does not meet certain criteria, such as the operating
income minimum, it has to make it up with larger minimum amounts in another area like
revenue. This helps to improve the quality of companies listed on the exchange.
It doesn't end there. After a company gets listed on the market, it must maintain certain standards
to continue trading. Failure to meet the specifications set out by the stock exchange will result in
its delisting. Falling below the minimum required share price, or market capitalization, is one of
the major factors triggering a delisting. Again, the exact details of delisting depend on the
exchange.
DERIVATIVE RULES
The Rules and Regulations of Nasdaq Derivatives Markets govern Nasdaq Stockholm's
derivative exchange and clearing activities.
CHAPTER 1
1.1 Introduction............................................................................................2014-04-07
1.2 Exchange Members................................................................................2013-09-03
1.3 Co-operating Exchange ..........................................................................2014-04-07
1.4 Exemption from client anonymity and the
Exchange's exchange confidentiality..........2013-09-03
1.5 Compliance and supervision of the Exchange Rules..............................2014-11-14
1.6 Default, sanctions and Disciplinary Committee .....................................2013-09-03
1.7 Public market information......................................................................2014-04-07
1.8 Technical Regulations ............................................................................2012-05-02
1.9 Intellectual property rights .....................................................................2007-06-01
1.10 Limitation of Liability............................................................................2007-06-01
1.11 Extraordinary Measures .........................................................................2013-09-03
1.12 Assignment.............................................................................................2007-06-01
1.13 Changes and Additions ..........................................................................2013-09-03
1.14 Tax and VAT matters.............................................................................2013-09-03
1.15 Applicable law and settlement of disputes .............................................2013-09-03
CHAPTER 2
2.1 Generally on the Exchange's exchange activity ..................................... 2007-06-01
2.2 Exchange Membership and Brokers....................................................... 2013-09-03
2.3 Exchange Listing .................................................................................... 2007-06-01
2.4 Electronic Exchange Trading System (EMP)......................................... 2009-06-15
2.5 Market Supervision and Prohibition of Market Manipulation ............... 2014-04-07
2.6 Information to Exchange Members (non-public information) ............... 2006-12-12
2.7 Market Maker Rules ............................................................................... 2013-09-03
2.8 Fees........................................................................................................ 2001-06-14
2.9 Sponsored Access................................................................................... 2011-06-15
2A TRADING RULES REGARDING EXCHANGE LISTED DERIVATIVES
2A.1 Introduction............................................................................................ 2014-04-07
2A.2 Placement and Revocation of Orders in EMP ........................................ 2009-05-25
2A.3 Orders in EMP ....................................................................................... 2016-02-22
2A.4 Order types and Order terms in EMP..................................................... 2016-02-22
2A.5 Ranking of Order and Execution of Exchange Transactions
in EMP ............................................................................................................. 2010-10-25
2A.6 Manual Exchange Trading System (MPS) ............................................. 2001-06-14
2A.7 Placement and Revocation of Orders and Interests in MPS ................... 2008-12-15
2A.8 Orders in MPS ........................................................................................ 2001-06-14
2A.9 Interests in MPS ..................................................................................... 2007-06-01
2A.10 Ranking of Order and Execution of Exchange

Transactions in MPS......................................................................................... 2001-06-14
2A.11 Cancellation and price adjustment of erroneous
Transactions...................................... ............................................................... 2016-02-22
2A.12 Registration of Transactions.................................................................... 2015-04-20
2A.13 Exchange Trading System's Opening Hours, Extraordinary closing and
procedures in connection with system disturbances on the Expiration Day
............................................................................ 2013-09-03
2A.14 Trading Suspension................... ............................................................. 2012-03-01
2A.15 brokering of combination transactions........ .......................................... 2011-06-15
2B TRADING RULES REGARDING COMBINED COM BLOCK TRADE FACILITY

2B.1 COM Block Trade Trading Procedures.................................................. 2014-04-07
2B.2 COM EFP/COM EFS Trading Procedures............................................. 2014-04-07
2B.3 Reporting of COM Block Trades, COM EFPs AND COM EFSs. ......... 2014-04-07
2B.4 Combined COM Block Trade Procedure Errors .................................... 2014-04-07
2B.5 Clearing.................................................................................................. 2014-04-07
2B.6 Protests under the Clearing Rules .......................................................... 2014-04-07
CHAPTER 3
CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS (PART I)
CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS FOR EXCHANGE LISTED AND/OR CLEARING
LISTED INSTRUMENTS WITH FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS, INDICES ETC AS
CONTRACT BASE
3.1 General provisions regarding Contracts............................................... 2011-12-19
3.2 Explanatory provisions regarding contract specifications ...................... 2013-06-10
3.3 SEax-Options (Options in Swedish shares and depository receipts) ...... 2015-04-20
3.3A Blank... ................................................................................................... 2009-12-21
3.4 SEax-Forwards (Forwards in Swedish shares and depository receipts). 2014-10-06
3.4A Blank... ................................................................................................... 2009-12-21
3.5 Addendum SEax, FIax, DKax, NNOax and NRUax - Re-calculation
rules........................................................................................................... 2015-07-01
3.6 OMXS30-Options (Options in the Swedish OMXS30 share index) ...2014-10-06
3.7 OMXS30-Futures (Futures Contract in the Swedish OMXS30 share index)
. 2014-10-06
3.8 OMXS30 Dividend Futures (Futures Contract on the OMX Stockholm 30 Dividend Point
Index).....................................................................................................................2014-11-17
3.9 Weekly Options on Swedish shares and depository
receipts......................................................................... .......................................... 2014-10-06
3.10 OMXS30 Weekly Options (Weekly Options in the Swedish OMXS30 share
index) .................................................................................................... 2014-10-06
3.11 R-Options (Options in government bonds) .................................................... 2012-11-26
3.12 R-forwards (Forwards in government bonds) ................................................. 2016-05-16
3.13 OMXSB-Futures (Futures Contracts in the Swedish OMXSB share index)
.... ................................................................................................................................. 2014-1006
3.14 SEetf-Options (Options in exchange traded funds in SEK) 2015-04-20

3.15 NBHYP-forwards (Forwards regarding Nordbanken Hypotek bonds) ... 2012-11-26
3.16 ST-forwards (Forwards in Caisse or Stadshypotek bonds) .............................. 2012-11-26
3.17 SB5-forwards (Forwards in five-year SBAB bonds) ....................................... 2012-11-26
3.18 RIBA-Futures (Futures Contract on the Riksbank repo rate) .......................... 2015-11-23
3.19 Stibor-FRA Contracts (Contracts for fictitious loans
for a particular period) .............................................................................................. 2012-11-26
3.19A Stibor-FRA-Options (Options on Stibor-FRA Contracts) .............................. 2014-06-09
3.20 NIBOR-FRA Contracts (Contracts for fictitious loans for a particular period)
.. .......................................................................................... 2010-10-25
3.20A NIBOR-FRA Options (Options on NIBOR-FRA Contracts) ............ 2014-06-09
3.21 Addendum OMr ..................................................................................... 2015-11-23
3.22 Flexible Instruments ............................................................................... 2015-04-20
3.23 MBF-Futures (Futures Contract Mortgage Bonds) 2014-10-06
3.24 Blank ...................................................................................................... 2014-06-09
3.25 Blank ...................................................................................................... 2014-06-09
3.26 Blank .............................................................................................. 2012-06-15
3.27 CIBOR-Futures (Futures Contract on the 3 month CIBOR) .................. 2010-10-04
3.28 FIax-ONR-Options (Options in Finnish shares and depository receipts on request)
............. 2015-04-20
3.29 FIax-ONR-Forwards (Forwards in Finnish shares and depository receipts
on request).
....... 2014-10-06
CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS Part II
CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS FOR EXCHANGE LISTED AND/OR CLEARING
LISTED INSTRUMENTS WITH FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS, INDICES ETC AS
CONTRACT BASE (CONTINUED)
3.30 VINX30 Options (Options in the Nordic VINX30 share index) ............ 2014-10-06
3.31 VINX30 Futures (Futures Contract in the Nordic VINX30 share index) 2014-10-06
3.32 Generic NIBOR-FRA Contracts ............................................ 2015-04-20
3.33 Generic STIBOR-FRA Contracts................ 2015-04-20
3.34 SEK Overnight Index Swap Contract (STINA) (SEK_OIS_TN)... 2015-11-23
3.35 Generic CIBOR-FRA Contracts ............................................................. 2015-04-20
3.36 Generic EURIBOR-FRA Contracts ....................................................... 2015-04-20
3.37 Buy-sell-back/Sell-buy-back Repo Contract for Danish listed bonds.... 2015-07-01
3.38 Buy-sell-back/Sell-buy-back SEK Repo Contract ................................. 2016-05-16
3.39 Spintab-forwards (Forwards regarding Spintab bonds).......................... 2012-11-26
3.40 SEK Interest Rate Swap ......................................................................... 2015-11-23
3.41 Buy-sell-back/Sell-buy-back SEK Repo Contract of Inflationlinked bonds ........................................................................................... 2016-05-16
3.42 NOK Interest Rate Swap .2015-11-23
3.43 DKK Interest Rate Swap . 2015-11-23
3.44 EUR Interest Rate Swap . .2015-11-23
3.45 Weekly Options on Norwegian shares and depository receipts ......... 2015-06-08
3.46 NNOax-Futures (Futures on Norwegian shares)...2014-12-22
3.47 SEax-Futures (Futures on Swedish shares and depository receipts).2014-10-06
3.48 NNOax-Forwards (Forwards in Norwegian shares).2014-12-22
3.49 NNOax-Options (Options in Norwegian shares)..2015-04-20
3.50 OMXO20-Futures (Futures on the Norwegian OMXO20 share index )2014-10-06
3.51 OMXO20-Options (Options in the Norwegian OMXO20 share index)2014-10-06
3.52 OMXC20CAP-Options (Options in the Danish OMXC20CAP- share index)2014-10-06

3.53 OMXC20CAP-FUTURES (Futures in the Danish OMXC20CAP share index)2014-10-06
3.54 Futures on the Icelandic Consumer Price Index ..................................... 2007-06-01
3.55 NNOax-Futures Cash (Cash Settled Futures on Norwegian shares) .2014-12-22
3.56 DKax-Options (Options in Danish shares) ............................................. 2015-04-20
3.57 DKax-Futures (Futures in Danish shares) .............................................. 2014-10-06
3.58 SEax-Futures Cash (Cash Settled Futures on Swedish shares and depositoryreceipts)
...2014-10-06 EXCHANGE RUL E S
AND C L EARING RUL E S OF NASDAQ DERIVAT IVE S MARKE T S
1 6 MAY 2 0 1 6 CHAP T E R 3 ( P AR T I I ) C O N T R A C T S P E C I F I C A T I O N S
2( 157)
3.59 DKax-Futures Cash (Cash Settled Futures on Danish shares)2014-10-06

3.60 Binary option - OverUnder on OMXC20CAP index............................. 2014-10-06
3.61 Binary option - OverUnder on Swedish shares .................................. 2014-10-06
3.62 Binary option - OverUnder on OMXS30 index .................................. 2014-10-06
3.63 Binary option - OverUnder - on Finnish shares ..................................... 2014-10-06
3.64 Binary option - OverUnder - on OMXH25 index .................................. 2014-10-06
3.65 Forward contracts on Baskets ................................................................ 2016-01-07
3.66 Binary option OverUnder on Danish shares ........................................ 2014-10-06
3.67 NDH2Y and NDH5Y-futures (futures in Nordea Hypotek bonds)........ 2015-11-02
3.68 3NIBFRA and 6NIBFRA -Futures (Futures contract on the 3- and 6- month
NIBOR)................................................................................................................ 2015-11-02
3.69 NIBOR-Future Options (Options on NIBOR Futures contracts)........... 2015-11-02
3.70 One Year Mid-Curve STIBOR-Future Options ..................................... 2015-11-02
3.71 SCBC5Y-futures (futures in five-year SCBC bonds)............................. 2015-11-02
3.72 SGB2Y, SGB5Y, and SGB10Y futures (futures in Swedish government
bonds)................................................................................................................ 2016-05-16
3.73 SGB-Future Options (Options on Swedish Government bond Futures
contracts) .... .. ................................................................................................................ 2015-1102
3.74 STH2Y and STH5Y-futures (futures in Stadshypotek bonds) ............... 2015-11-02
3.75 3STIBFRA -Futures (Futures contract on the 3 month STIBOR) .......... 2015-11-02
3.76 STIBOR-Future Options (Options on STIBOR Futures
contracts) ................ .. ................................................................................................................
2015-11-02
3.77 SWH2Y and SWH5Y -futures (futures in Swedbank Hypotek bonds)........................ 201511-02
NASDAQ Stock Market Rules
Equity Rules
Rule
0100
Rule
1000
Rule
2000
Rule
2000A
Rule
General Provisions
Options Rules
Chapter I
Chapter II
Membership, Registration and Qualification Chapter III
Chapter IV
Requirements
Chapter V
Business Conduct
Chapter VI
Chapter VII
Chapter VIII
Business Conduct
Chapter IX
Chapter X
Responsibilities Relating to Associated
Chapter XI
General Provisions
Participation
Business Conduct
Securities Traded on NOM
Regulation of Trading on NOM
Trading Systems
Market Participants
Exercises and Deliveries
Records, Reports and Audits
Discipline and Summary Suspensions
Doing Business with the Public
3000
Rule
3000A
Rule
Persons, Employees, and Others' Employees Chapter XII

Supervision and Responsibilities Relating to Chapter XIII
Chapter XIV
Associated Persons
Chapter XV
Marketplace Rules
4000
Rule
Financial and Operational Rules
4000A
Rule
The Qualification, Listing and Delisting of
5000
Rule
Companies
NASDAQ Supplementary Conduct Rules
5000A
Rule
Other Systems and Programs
6000
Rule
Charges for Membership, Services, and
7000
Rule
Equipment
Order Audit Trail Series
7000A
Rule
Investigations and Sanctions
8000
Rule
Code of Procedure
9000
Rule
Code of Arbitration Procedure
10000
Rule
Uniform Practice Code
Intermarket Linkage Rules

Margin Requirements
Index Rules
Options Pricing
11000
NASDAQ Corporate Organization
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
Certificate of Formation
Second Amended Limited Liability Co. Agreement of the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
By-Laws
The NASDAQ Options Market LLC
Delegation Agreement
Limited Liability Company Agreement
Nasdaq, Inc.
Certificate of Incorporation
Certificate of Designation of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of THE NASDAQ OMX
Group, Inc.
Certificate of Elimination of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of THE NASDAQ OMX
Group, Inc.
Certificate of Amendment Dated September 8, 2015
Certificate of Amendment Dated November 17, 2014
By-Laws
Additional Information
NEW LISTING RULES
LISTING RULES Conversion Table
OLD Listing Rules
Proposals to Change Rules That Are Incorporated by Reference in the NASDAQ Rules
Predecessor NASD Rules
Rule Filings Status Report
N ASD Announces New Organizational Structure
Washington, D.C.The National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (NASD), today
announced the creation of two new divisions The Nasdaq-Amex Market GroupSM and the
NASD Regulation and Dispute Resolution Group designed to enhance market efficiencies, as
demonstrated by the following chart:
The Nasdaq-Amex Market Group, Inc., will address the market created by the merger of The
Nasdaq Stock Market and the American Stock Exchange (Amex). The other, NASD
Regulation, Inc. & Dispute Resolution Group, will focus on regulatory and investor protection
issues, as well as the dispute resolution function.
NASD Chairman & Chief Executive Officer Frank G. Zarb will lead the Nasdaq-Amex Market
Group, which is the first of its kinda unique dual market structure that sets the stage for the
stock market of the future. The Nasdaq Stock Market, headed by President Alfred R. Berkeley,
III, and the American Stock Exchange, headed by Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Richard
Syron, will operate under a single holding companywith each market continuing to function as
an independent subsidiary under The Nasdaq-Amex Market Group. Syron will also become a
member of the Office of the Chairman of the NASD. Each market will be able to provide
substantial benefits to investors, companies, and member firms of all sizes through technological
innovation, and resource and operating efficiencies.
The NASD Regulation & Dispute Resolution Group, will be led by NASD President and Chief
Operating Officer Richard G. Ketchum. This group will include NASD Regulation, Inc., headed
by President Mary L. Schapiro. Elisse Walter will continue in her capacity of Chief Operating
Officer of NASD Regulation, Inc. A new subsidiary, NASD Dispute Resolution, Inc., will be
created within this group to handle all dispute resolution matters, including both arbitration and
mediation.
"Now that our merger with the American Stock Exchange is complete, we are moving quickly to
deliver enhanced value to investors, issuers, and member firms. Our first order of business is to
make sure our organizations are properly melded, with sensitivity to both cultures," said Frank
Zarb. "As we move down this new road, we must have the structure and leadership in place to
meet the challenges of a more competitive and rapidly evolving marketplace. Our Market and
Regulatory Groups give us this capability."
The National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. is the largest securities-industry, selfregulatory organization in the United States and parent organization of NASD Regulation, Inc.,
and The Nasdaq-Amex Market Group. Through its regulatory subsidiary, the NASD develops
rules and regulations, provides a dispute resolution forum, and conducts regulatory reviews of
member activities for the protection and benefit of investors. Through the Nasdaq-Amex Market
Group, the NASD operates The Nasdaq Stock Market and the American Stock Exchange (Amex)
in a unique dual market structure that brings together the central auction specialist and multiple
Market Maker systems. The NASD oversees the nations 5,600 brokerage firms and more than
half a million registered brokers. Consumers can contact the NASD to obtain the disciplinary and
work histories, as well as other selected background information, of member firms and
individual brokers or to get information on how to lodge a complaint.
Legal structure
TECH RESOURCE
We offer a variety of ways to get help and support In need of training, maintenance, or would
like a team of dedicated experts
SUPPORT & MAINTENANCE
Current Nasdaq Market Technology customers can gain faster access to information and better
control over their service requests by using our IT Service Management online customer support
system. Get support for service requests, SMARTS surveillance, system access and support.
TRAINING
New to Genium INET? Looking for training? See our calendar for our latest training offerings.
ADVISORY SERVICES
Nasdaq Advisory Services is uniquely qualified to provide strategic and operational guidance and
help marketplaces prepare for future challenges. As an exchange owner, operator and technology
provider, Nasdaq has deep exchange industry business expertise and hands-on operational
experience. We understand first-hand how marketplaces operate, the challenges they face and the
complex technology infrastructure that is required to support them.
We focus on the core businesses of the securities industry and our methodology and approach is
based on practical experience from earlier projects. To date Advisory Services has provided
strategic and operational guidance to more than 60 exchange industry clients in 25 countries.
DELIVERY MANAGEMENT
Unmatched global delivery capabilities for Market Operators. Nasdaq's delivery program team is
a trusted partner to the world's exchanges, clearinghouses, CSDs, regulators and market
participants.
Benefits for the economy
Its a tool that offers seamless traceability and a view that bridge both the APM and the
Business product usage effectively.
Its a name thats heard every day as one of the key indicators of economic activity: The
Nasdaq is either up or down, tracking the fortunes of growing enterprises and the investors
who fund them and hope to prosper with them. Nasdaq is the single largest U.S. stock exchange
by volume. Thats how most people know it. But theres a lot more to Nasdaq than the exchange
whose numbers are reported on the nightly business report. Nasdaq software technology powers
over 70 marketplaces, regulators, central securities depositories, and clearing houses in over 50
countries. Companies listed on the exchange and those who arent, including private companies,
use Nasdaqs suite of solutions for investor relations, public relations, and corporate governance,
as well as its specialized tools and platforms. From every perspective, Nasdaq is a softwaredriven business. Visibility and rapid time to resolution are the primary benefits App Dynamics
brings to Nasdaq, along with the potential to access a whole new level of actionable data. Teams
have been freed from the onerous task of scouring logs to pinpoint issues, and time to resolution
has been dramatically slashed from hours or days, down to minutes. The platform quickly
points to the offending issues, whether in the code, with remote services, or a database. Abbott
cites the ability to trace a transaction visually and intuitively through the interface as a major
benefit that AppDynamics delivers. That visibility was especially valuable when Nasdaq was
migrating a platform from its internal infrastructure to Amazon.
We used AppDynamics extensively to understand how the platform was functioning on
Amazon, Abbott said. Measuring its performance and understanding how the system was
behaving on a completely new infrastructure platform.
The team and users at Nasdaq speak highly of the AppDynamics platform. Poon reports that the
developers who were involved in the proof-of-concept said, flat out, its one of the best tools
weve deployed here to maximize our application performance. Abbott says, Its a tool that
offers seamless traceability and a view that bridge both the APM and the Business product usage
effectively.
Going forward, Nasdaq sees strong alignment between the direction AppDynamics is going and
the direction Nasdaq wants its technology to go.
We continue to work with innovative companies such as AppDynamics to support the Business
and leverage Devops, Poon Says.
How does the stock market affect the economy?
Movements in the stock market can have a profound economic impact on the economy and
everyday people. A collapse in share prices has the potential to cause widespread economic
disruption. Most famously, the stock market crash of 1929 was a key factor in causing the great
depression of the 1930s. Yet, daily movements in the stock market can also have less impact on
the economy than we might imagine. During the great recession of 2009-13, the stock market
performed quite strongly. This rise in share prices was rather misleading to the state of the
economy. Also, a fall in share prices doesnt necessarily cause an economic downturn. There is a
saying:
Stock markets have predicted 10 out of the last 3 recessions. For example, the stock market crash
of 1987, didnt cause any lasting economic damage. (Though it did influence monetary policy.
UK cut interest rates in fear the stock market crash would cause a recession. Instead, low interest
rates caused a boom. Plummeting share prices can make headline news. But, how much should
we worry when share prices fall? How does it impact on the average consumer? And how does it
affect the economy?
Economic effects of the Stock Market
1. Wealth effect
The first impact is that people with shares will see a fall in their wealth. If the fall is significant it
will affect their financial outlook. If they are losing money on shares they will be more hesitant
to spend money; this can contribute to a fall in consumer spending. However, the effect should
not be given too much importance. Often people who buy shares are prepared to lose money;
their spending patterns are usually independent of share prices, especially for short term losses.
The wealth effect is more prominent in the housing market. In Dec 2014, the value of the UK
stock market was US $6.06 trillion so it has a big impact on wealth.
2. Effect on pensions
Anybody with a private pension or investment trust will be affected by the stock market, at least
indirectly. Pension funds invest a significant part of their funds on the stock market. Therefore, if
there is a serious fall in share prices, it reduces the value of pension funds. This means that future
pension payouts will be lower. If share prices fall too much, pension funds can struggle to meet
their promises. The important thing is the long term movements in the share prices. If share
prices fall for a long time then it will definitely affect pension funds and future payouts.
3. Confidence
Often share price movements are reflections of what is happening in the economy. E.g. a fear of
a recession and global slowdown could cause share prices to fall. The stock market itself can
affect consumer confidence. Bad headlines of falling share prices are another factor which
discourage people from spending. On its own it may not have much effect, but combined with
falling house prices, share prices can be a discouraging factor. However, there are times when the
stock market can appear out of step with the rest of the economy. In the depth of a recession,
share prices may rise as investors look forward to a recovery two years in the future.
4. Investment
Falling share prices can hamper firms ability to raise finance on the stock market. Firms who are
expanding and wish to borrow often do so by issuing more shares it provides a low cost way of
borrowing more money. However, with falling share prices it becomes much more difficult.
5. Bond market
A fall in the stock market makes other investments more attractive. People may move out of
shares and into government bonds or gold. These investments offer a better return in times of
uncertainty. Though sometimes the stock market could be falling over concerns in government
bond markets (e.g. Euro fiscal crisis)
How does the stock market effect ordinary people?

Most people, who do not own shares, will be largely unaffected by short term movements in the
stock market. However, ordinary workers are not completely unaffected by the stock market.
1. Pension funds.
Many private pension funds will invest in the stock market. A substantial and prolonged fall in
the stock market could lead to a fall in the value of their pension fund, and it could lead to lower
pension payouts when they retire. Similarly, if the stock market does well, the value of pension
funds could increase. Even if people dont own shares, it is quite likely people with a private
pension will have some connection to the stock market.
2. Business investment.
The stock market could be a source of business investment, e.g. firms offering new shares to
finance investment. This could lead to more jobs and growth. The stock market can be a source
of private finance when bank finance is limited. However, the stock market is not usually the
first source of finance. Most investment is usually financed through bank loans rather than share
options. The stock market only plays a limited role in determining investment and jobs.
3. Short-termism.
It could be argued workers and consumers can be adversely affected by the short-termism that
the stock market encourages. Shareholders usually want bigger dividends. Therefore, firms listed
on the stock market can feel under pressure to increase short-term profits. This can lead to cost
cutting which affects workers (e.g. zero contract hours) or the firm may be more tempted to
engage in collusive practices which push up prices for consumers. It has been argued that UK
firms are more prone to short-termism because the stock market plays a bigger role in financing
firms. In Germany, firms are more likely to be financed by long-term loans from banks.
Typically, banks are more interested in the long-term success of firms and are willing to
encourage more investment, rather than short-term profit maximization.
Role of NASDAQ Stock Exchanges
Role of NASDAQ Stock Exchanges are varied and highly important in the development of
economy of a country. They measure and control the growth of a country.
Stock markets are the places, where exactly you do your business. Your stock trading
transactions are executed at the stock exchanges through your broker, unless you have a
membership with that exchange, which enable you to trade directly. Stock exchange apart from
being hub of primary and secondary market, they have very important role to play in the
economy of the country. Some of them are listed below.
Raising capital for businesses

Exchanges help companies to capitalize by selling shares to the investing public.
Mobilizing savings for investment

They help public to mobilize their savings to invest in high yielding economic sectors, which
results in higher yield, both to the individual and to the national economy.
Facilitating company growth

They help companies to expand and grow by acquisition or fusion.
Profit sharing
They help both casual and professional stock investors, to get their share in the wealth of
profitable businesses.
Corporate governance
Stock exchanges impose stringent rules to get listed in them. So listed public companies have
better management records than privately held companies.
Creating investment opportunities for small investors

Small investors can also participate in the growth of large companies, by buying a small number
of shares.
Government capital raising for development projects

They help government to rise fund for developmental activities through the issue of bonds. An
investor who buys them will be lending money to the government, which is more secure, and
sometimes enjoys tax benefits also.
Barometer of the economy

They maintain the stock indexes which are the indicators of the general trend in the economy.
They also regulate the stock price fluctuations.
Products and Services
Nasdaq operates in two segments: Market Services and Issuer Services. Financial information
about segments and geographic areas may be found in Note 18, Segments, to the consolidated
financial statements.
Issuer Services.
Our Issuer Services segment includes our securities listings business and our financial products
business. Securities Listing Business. We operate our securities listing business as the Corporate
Client Group, which provides customer support services and products to Nasdaq-listed
companies and is responsible for obtaining new listings on The Nasdaq Stock Market. More
companies list on The Nasdaq Stock Market than any other U.S. market. The Nasdaq Stock
Market has two tiers of listed companies: The Nasdaq National Market, which included 2,649
companies as of December 31, 2004, and The Nasdaq SmallCap Market, which included 622
smaller companies as of December 31, 2004. For the year ended December 31, 2003, 134 new
companies listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market, with 97 listings on The Nasdaq National Market.
For the year ended December 31, 2004, 260 new companies listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market,
with 225 listings on The Nasdaq National Market. In addition, as of December 31, 2004 and
December 31, 2003, there were 335 and 337 foreign companies, respectively, listed on The
Nasdaq Stock Market.
The increase in the number of U.S. initial public offerings on The Nasdaq Stock Market during
2003 and 2004 reflects an improvement in general market and economic conditions, which has
allowed more growth companies to access the public equity markets than in recent years. Over
the past few years, competition for new listings has come primarily from the NYSE.
After the initial listing, our Corporate Client Group provides customer support services, products
and programs to Nasdaq-listed companies.
Nasdaq charges issuers an initial listing fee, a listing of additional shares fee and an annual fee.
The initial listing fee for securities listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market includes a listing
application fee and a total shares outstanding fee. The fee for listing of additional shares is based
on the total shares outstanding, which Nasdaq reviews quarterly. Annual fees for securities listed
on The Nasdaq Stock Market are based on total shares outstanding. Initial listing and listing of
additional shares fees are recognized on a straight-line basis over estimated service periods,
which are six and four years, respectively, based on our historical listing experience, pursuant to
the requirements of SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 13: Revenue Recognition.
Financial Products Business.
We develop and license Nasdaq-branded financial products and associated derivatives as part of
Nasdaq Financial Products, including the QQQ, an ETF based on the Nasdaq-100 Index that is
the most actively traded, listed security in the United States. ETFs are investment companies
organized to track an index and allow for open market trading. We believe that these products
leverage, extend and enhance the Nasdaq brand. We have also introduced products based on
other Nasdaq indices, such as the Nasdaq Composite Index and the Nasdaq Biotechnology Index.
In addition to generating licensing revenues for us, these products, particularly ETFs, can lead to
increased investments in companies listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market, which enhances our
ability to attract new listings. We develop these financial products and promote the listing of
these and other third party sponsored ETFs and structured products.
We launched the Nasdaq-100 Index in January 1985. The Nasdaq-100 Index includes the top 100
non-financial companies listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market. As of December 31, 2004, it was
the benchmark for approximately 30 domestic and international mutual funds. A structured
investment product is a specialized security designed to respond to specific investment
objectives, such as risk reduction, leverage or diversification of current investments or tax
management.
For the year ended December 31, 2003, QQQs average daily trading volume was 77.5 million
shares and its average daily dollar volume was approximately $2.4 billion. For the year ended
December 31, 2004, QQQs average daily trading volume was 98.5 million shares and its
average daily dollar volume was approximately $3.6 billion. QQQ is the most actively traded
ETF in the world and the most actively traded listed equity security in the United States. As of
December 31, 2004, the QQQ trust had issued approximately 555.8 million shares and assets
under management had reached $22.2 billion.
We have been working towards expanding the number of financial products linked to the Nasdaq
Composite Index. In October 2003, the Fidelity Nasdaq Composite Index Tracking Stock, or
ONEQ, was listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market. ONEQ is an ETF based on the Nasdaq
Composite Index used under license by FMR Corp., which owns Fidelity Investments. We also
license other Nasdaq Composite derivative products including futures, options and structured
products.
The Nasdaq Market Center.
The Nasdaq Market Center is our transaction-based platform that provides our market
participants with the ability to access, process, display and integrate orders and quotes in The
Nasdaq Stock Market. The Nasdaq Market Center also allows us to route and execute buy and
sell orders as well as to report transactions for over 7,800 equity securities (including ETFs)
consisting of Nasdaq-listed securities and securities listed on national stock exchanges, such as
the NYSE and Amex. Our market participants include market makers, broker-dealers operating
as ECNs, registered stock exchanges and other broker-dealers. We provide these quoting, trading,
and trade reporting services for Nasdaq-listed securities and securities authorized for trading on
the OTC Bulletin Board as well as exchange-listed securities.
Trade Execution Services.
We provide market participants with the ability to access, process, display and integrate orders
and quotes in The Nasdaq Stock Market. Specifically, the Nasdaq Market Center:
Provides a comprehensive display of the interest by our market participants at the highest price a
participant is willing to buy a security (best bid) and also the lowest price a participant is willing
to sell that security (best offer);
Provides subscribers quotes, orders and total anonymous interest at every price level in the
Nasdaq Market Center for Nasdaq-listed securities and critical data for the Opening Cross and
Closing Cross; and
Provides anonymity to market participants, i.e., participants do not know the identity of the
firm displaying the order unless that firm chooses to reveal its identity, which can contribute to
improved
pricing for securities by reducing the potential market impact that transactions by certain
investors whose trading activity, if known, may influence others.
Our execution services generate revenues from:
Transaction execution charges, which are charges assessed on a per share basis to the party that
accesses the liquidity provided by another market participant. In most circumstances, we credit a
portion of the per share execution charge as a rebate to the market participant that provides the
liquidity (liquidity is the number and range of buy and sell orders available to our market
participants). These charges represent our primary fee for execution services; and
We also earn revenues based on our share of tape fees for the trading of securities listed on the
NYSE and Amex
Trade Reporting Services.
All registered stock exchanges and securities associations are required to establish a transaction
reporting plan for the central collection of price and volume information concerning trades
executed in those markets. We provide three primary revenue-generating reporting services.
Access Services to Our Trading Platform.
We provide our market participants with several alternatives for accessing the Nasdaq Market
Center for a fee. Some of the access services that we have historically provided are low margin
businesses, which we are taking steps to exit. By shifting connectivity to the Nasdaq Market
Center from proprietary networks to third-party networks, we have significantly reduced our
technology and network costs and increased our systems scalability without affecting
performance or reliability.
Other Products and Markets
Nasdaq Insurance Agency, LLC.
We operate The Nasdaq Insurance Agency, LLC (NIA), which provides insurance brokerage
services and specializes in the directors and officers liability insurance market. On January 1,
2005, we acquired the 50% of NIA that we did not already own from a wholly-owned subsidiary
of American 11 International Group, Inc. Prior to January 1, 2005, Nasdaq accounted for its
investment in NIA under the equity method of accounting.
OTC Bulletin Board.
The OTC Bulletin Board is an electronic screen-based market for equity securities that, among
other things, are not listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market or any primary U.S. national securities
exchange. The OTC Bulletin Board is only a quotation service without any execution facilities.
Companies do not list on the OTC Bulletin Board; rather, NASD members may post quotes only
for companies that file periodic reports with the SEC and/or with a banking or insurance
regulatory authority. In addition, these companies are required to be current with their periodic
filings. Market makers are charged a fee per position and are billed based on their number of
positions during a month. A position is defined as any price quotation or indication of interest
entered by a market maker in a security quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board. There are no fees
charged to companies whose securities are quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board. Revenues
generated from the OTC Bulletin Board are included in Market Services revenues.
Market Services.
Our core trading services provide access to The Nasdaq Stock Market; execution services, such
as quoting and trading capabilities; and reporting services, such as trade reporting and risk
management. We expect to face competition from a number of different sources in providing
these services including: ECNs, which have consolidated to form large transaction service
providers, particularly in the execution of Nasdaq-listed securities. In addition, if ECNs obtain
registration as exchanges, they will compete for market data services, and potentially, for
listings; Competing regional stock exchanges, which are attracting trading activity and trade
reports previously submitted to Nasdaq, and NASDs Alternate Display Facility, which provides
an alternative quotation and trade reporting venue. In addition, competing stock exchanges are
permitted by the SEC to regulate trading in their markets at a lower cost than us; The NYSE
and Amex as well as ECNs as we seek to increase our share of trading in exchange-listed
securities; and Companies that could provide trading services for products and services,
including software companies, information and media companies and other companies that are
not currently in the securities business.
Functions
Relentless Commitment
For almost 45 years, Nasdaq has been transforming the financial services industry through a
dedication to delivering best-in-class technology, market quality and customer service. Our
customers are some of the most ambitious people on the planet. We are committed to fueling
their growth now, and for years to come.
Order Types and Functionality
Nasdaq features a price/time priority model where the execution logic is fair and transparent for
all market participants. All displayed limit orders are treated equally and executed in the order in
which they were received at the same price. Non-displayed shares are executed after displayed
shares in the order in which they were received at that price.
Nasdaq offers popular orders and functionality such as Minimum Quantity, Mid-Point Peg and
Post Only orders, Self-Match Prevention and Order Modify functionality, a robust suite of
innovative routing strategies and our award-winning opening and closing crosses.
Nasdaq's equity order types are designed to help members comply with regulation and execute a
range of trading strategies.
Connectivity
Through our primary data center, firms can connect to all eight of Nasdaq's U.S. markets. Nasdaq
also offers customers the ability to connect to our markets from key financial data centers outside
our Carteret facility through our Point of Presence Service. Explore all of the options and
protocols available for Nasdaq in Connectivity.
The following connectivity options/protocols are available for accessing Nasdaq:
CTCI
FIX
FIX Lite (Flite)
Nasdaq QIX
OUCH
RASH
Nasdaq Workstation
Service Bureaus
Market Data
Nasdaq Global Data Products is focused on creating innovative data products that provide
unsurpassed market transparency to institutional, retail and individual investors. Product
offerings include real-time data feeds, web-based reports and plug-and-play technology for
instant
access
to
market
data.
Real-Time Data Feeds

For firms that demand the lowest latency products, Nasdaq offers a variety of direct access data
feed products from its Nasdaq market center system for equities, including:
Nasdaq Total View ITCH and Nasdaq Historical/Total View Aggregated
Nasdaq Market Velocity and Forces
Please
Nasdaq Market Pathfinders

Nasdaq Last Sale
Global Index Data Service (GIDS)
refer to the U.S. direct connectivity or extranet providers list for access options to the
Nasdaq data centers. Please refer to the Data Products Specifications page for technical interface
information for Nasdaq direct data feed products.
Web-Based Products
Nasdaq has an extensive offering of interactive web applications, including inbound data entry
interfaces and graphical display products to ease customer technology requirements and allow
the information to reach the end-customers more quickly.
Market Replay
Data Store
Global Index Watch

For more information about our web-based product offerings, please visit the Direct Web
Products page.
Reports
Nasdaq offers a variety of reports via a secured website and secured FTP server giving customers
an opportunity to increase profits through unsurpassed market transparency. For more
information about our report product offerings, please visit the Reports page or refer to the links
below:
Daily List
Daily Share Volume
ModelView
An index is an indicator or measure of something, and in finance, it typically refers to a
statistical measure of change in a securities market. In the case of financial markets, stock
and bond market indices consist of an imaginary portfolio of securities representing a particular
market or a portion of it. In reference to mortgages, it refers to a benchmark interest rate created
by a third party.
Pakistan Stock Exchange

Introduction
Type
Location
Founded
Owner
Currency
Indices
Stock exchange
Karachi, Islamabad and Lahore, Pakistan
January 11,2016
Government of Pakistan
Pakistani Rupee
KSE-100Index
KSE-30Index
Website
KSE -BRIndex30
www.psx.com.pk
The Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) is stock exchange of Pakistan with trading offices
in Karachi, Islamabad and Lahore PSX was established on 11 January 2016 after the merger of
individual stock exchange's of Karachi, Lahore and Islamabad PSX is part of the MSCI
Emerging Markets Index. PSX's origin's where laid with the establishment of the Karachi Stock
Exchange in 1947 Lahore Stock Exchange in 1970 and the Islamabad Stock Exchange in 1992
As of June 15, 2016, there are 577 companies listed in PSX and the total market capitalization is
Rs. 7,655.410 billions ($74 billion) the investors on the exchanges include 1,886 foreign
institutional investors and 883 domestic institutional investors along with about 0.22 million
retail investors. There are also about 400 brokerage houses which are members of the PSX as
well as 21 asset management companies PSX is the among the world's best performing stock
market's, between 2009 and 2015 it delivered a 26% a year
History
The Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) Limited came into existence in January 2016
when Government of Pakistan decided to merge 3 big exchange markets of the country into one
big market.
Karachi Stock Exchange

Founded on September 18, 1947, Karachi Stock Exchange Limited (KSE) was registered
in Pakistan. The Karachi Stock Exchange Limited (KSE), was a stock exchange located at the
Stock Exchange Building (SEB) on Stock Exchange Road, in the heart of Karachi's Business
District, Chandigarh Road, Karachi, Sindh Province of Pakistan. It was Pakistan's largest and one
of the oldest stock exchanges in South Asia. Karachi Stock Exchange was also listed among 10
best stock markets in the world in 2015 Pakistan ranked third in 2014 amongst the Top Ten Best
Performing Markets in the It was declared the "Best Performing Stock Market of the World for
the year 2002", the position again re-affirmed by the Prime Minister of Pakistan in January 2015.
However, according to analysis by Bloomberg world. According to Bloomberg, the Pakistani
benchmark stock market index is the third-best performer in the world since 2009 In June
2015; Khaleej Times reported that since 2009, the Pakistani equities delivered 26 percent a year
for US dollar investors, making Karachi the best-performing stock exchange in the world. As on
July 10, 2015, total market capitalization reached Rs. 7.33 trillion (US$72 billion approximately)
Lahore Stock Exchange

Lahore Stock Exchange (Guarantee) Limited (LSE) was Pakistan's second largest stock
exchange after the Karachi Stock Exchange. It is located in Lahore, Pakistan. It was formally
inducted into the national Pakistan Stock Exchange on the 11th of January 2016. The Lahore
Stock Exchange (Guarantee) Limited came into existence in October 1970, under the Securities
and Exchange Ordinance of 1969 by the Government of Pakistan in response to the needs of the
provincial metropolis of the province of Punjab. It initially had 83 members and was housed in a
rented building in the crowded Bank Square area of Lahore. The number of listed companies has
increased to 519 since its inception. The LSE has 152 members of which 81 are corporate, and
54 are individual members. The LSE was the first stock exchange in Pakistan to use the internet
and currently 50% of its transactions are via the internet.
Islamabad Stock Exchange

Islamabad Stock Exchange or ISE was the youngest of the three stock exchanges of Pakistan and
is located in the capital of Islamabad. Islamabad stock exchange (ISE) was incorporated as
a guarantee-limited company on 25 October 1989 in Islamabad. ISE tower is a 22 storey
building, which makes it the second highest building of Islamabad after the Telecom Tower. Area
covered by the building is 562,629 sq ft (52,269.9 m2) it consists of three levels of basements and
ground plus 18 floors above.
Merger
Launched on January 11, 2016, aimed to help reduce market fragmentation and create a strong
case for attracting strategic partnerships necessary for providing technological expertise and
assistance, PSX was launched.
Vision
The attract young generation towards the stock markets of Pakistan in order to create awareness
and confidence by providing a learning and educational platform that grows with time.
Mission
To provide easy to use, community-driven, and useful platform for anyone who wants to learn
investment and trading, especially in the stock markets of Pakistan.
Objectives
The provide tools for young traders/investors for learning, research, and practicing investment
and trading techniques and strategies. To provide a system where everyone can learn from each
other by communicating, sharing, and participating in group activities.
Functions
1.Providing a ready market
The organization of stock exchange provides a ready market to speculators and investors in
industrial enterprises. It thus, enables the public to buy and sell securities already in issue.
2. Providing a quoting market prices
It makes possible the determination of supply and demand on price. The very sensitive pricing
mechanism and the constant quoting of market price allows investors to always be aware of
values. This enables the production of various indexes which indicate trends etc.
3. Providing facilities for working
It provides opportunities to Jobbers and other members to perform their activities with all their
resources in the stock exchange.
4. Safeguarding activities for investors
The stock exchange renders safeguarding activities for investors which enables them to make a
fair judgment of a securities. Therefore directors have to disclose all material facts to their
respective shareholders. Thus innocent investors may be safeguard from the clever brokers.
5. Operating a compensation fund
It also operate a compensation fund which is always available to investors suffering loss due due
the speculating dealings in the stock exchange.
6. Creating the discipline

Its members controlled under rigid set of rules designed to protect the general public and its
members. Thus this tendency creates the discipline among its members in social life also.
7. Checking functions
New securities checked before being approved and admitted to listing. Thus stock exchange
exercises rigid control over the activities of its members.
8. Adjustment of equilibrium
The investors in the stock exchange promote the adjustment of equilibrium of demand and
supply of a particular stock and thus prevent the tendency of fluctuation in the prices of shares.
9. Maintenance of liquidity
The bank and insurance companies purchase large number of securities from the stock exchange.
These securities are marketable and can be turned into cash at any time. Therefore banks prefer
to keep securities instead of cash in their reserve . This it facilities the banking system to
maintain liquidity by procuring the marketable securities.
10. Promotion of the habit of saving
Stock exchange provide a place for saving to general public. Thus it creates the habit of thrift and
investment among the public. This habit leads to investment of funds incorporate or government
securities. The funds placed at the disposal of companies are used by them for productive
purposes.
11. Refining and advancing the industry
Stock exchange advances the trade , commerce and industry in the country. it provides
opportunity to capital to flow into the most productive channels. Thus the flow of capital from
unproductive field to productive field helps to refine the large scale enterprises.
12. Promotion of capital formation
It plays an important part in capital formation in the country. its publicity regarding various
industrial securities makes even disinterested people feel interested in investment.

13. Increasing Govt. Funds
The govt. can undertake projects of national importance and social value by raising funds
through sale of its securities on stock exchange.
Benefits for economy

Stock exchanges are playing a crucial role in the consolidation of a Pakistan's economy in
general and in the development of industrial sector in particular. It is one of the most dynamic
and organized component of capital market. In a developing country like Pakistan, the stock
exchanges play a cardinal role in promoting the level of capital formation through effective
mobilization of savings and ensuring investment safety. Financial globalization has also
advanced in the last decade with increased cross-border capital flows, tighter links among
financial markets, and greater commercial presence of foreign financial firms in Pakistan. An
important element of the globalization trend has been the increase in the KSE activities. In last
decade or so, it has been observed that there has been a paradigm shift in Pakistan's capital
market. The applications of technology in the payment and settlement systems have made the
local capital market comparable with the international capital markets. Now, the market features
a developed regulatory mechanism and a modern market infrastructure with growing market
capitalization, market liquidity, and mobilization of resources. However, the market has also
witnessed one of its worst times. Presently, KSE 100-share index is at 13,925 points and KSE
30-share index is at 12,090. The market turnover has touched to 165.289 million shares and
overall market capitalization reached at Rs3.5 trillion. The crisis of confidence at the global
capital markets dominated hearts and minds of investors at KSE as well. It is said that the recent
drop in the index was due to fall in global commodities and Greece debt crises and possible exit
from euro zone besides the affect of rumors of increase in taxation and deduction in subsidies for
the fertilizer sector in the upcoming budget propelled investors to offload their holdings.
Moreover, security concerns in Karachi, rising political noise and uncertainty over Pak-US
relations on progress over NATO supplies is also playing a catalyst role in the bearish sentiment
at KSE. The capital market is playing an essential role in the growth of commerce and industry
which in return affects the economy of the country to a large extent. This is the rationale that the
industrial bodies, government advisors, and even the state bank keep a close eye on the activities
of the stock market. There are numerous individuals and companies, which are investing their
savings in the Karachi stock exchange. It is functioning as an organized market for individuals as
well as for institutional investors. SECP is quite vigilant and continuously reforming rules and
regulations, hence the traders regulate the trading transactions with proper rules and regulations,
which in turn, ensure investor's protection. This protection is helping to consolidate the
confidence of the investors and small savers. We have witnessed this few years back and also in
most recent days that KSE is attracting small savings especially of large number of investors in
the capital market. Blue chip companies in Pakistan are raising funds by issuing bonus and right
issues. In most of the cases, the funds mobilized through capital market are provided to the
industries engaged in the production of various goods and services useful for the society.
Resultantly, it is leading to capital formation and development of national assets. KSE has
performed very well in past. It is again providing a wider avenue for the investment to the people
and organizations with investible surplus. Companies from diverse industries like fertilizers,
chemicals, oil and gas, banks, cement etc. are offering various kinds of equity and debt securities
to the investors. Various stockbrokers have started providing online trading facility to their
clients. Online trading facility has brought the stock exchange at the doorsteps of the investors
through computer network. Necessary information available from different sources guides the
investors in the effective management of their investment portfolios. Leading stockbrokers of
KSE circulate daily briefings to their clients, which mostly covers the summary of current affairs
and business news that can affect the market, updates of companies, and other statistical data.
Stock exchange has enabled the federal government to mobilize the funds for public utilities and
public undertakings, which take up the developmental activities like oil and gas,
telecommunication, etc. KSE has provided liquidity, marketability, price continuity, and constant
evaluation of government securities. Pakistan's stock market has all the ingredients of making a
financial story with unexpected heights and falls, record-breaking numbers, and unfettered greed.
Stock exchange is taken as a barometer of the economy of a country. Each economy is
economically symbolized (indicators) by its most significant stock exchange. At both national
and international level, performance of KSE represents the progress and conditions of Pakistan's
economy. International portfolio investments enter a particular country by means of financial
markets. The primary function KSE performs is to collect financial savings and allow their use in
meeting the needs of the economy whereas it is also creating liquidity. Foreign institutional
investors (FIIs) have been playing a significant role in the Pakistan's capital market. Pakistan,
being a financially strained country, has taken many measures to make the investment
environment encouraging for foreign institutional investment. Better domestic environments
increase the attractiveness of assets to investors. Political turbulence affects economic
performance and economic players do not like uncertainty; it makes it difficult for them to reach
informed judgments about the future. The increasing importance of financial markets has
reinforced the need to bring additional features in the stock market. The development of stock
markets is highly important in sustaining a better economic growth. However, size of the market,
as measured by market capitalization, has a stronger influence on economic growth than the
liquidity of stock market. Moreover, FDI as well as the development of human capital also has a
strong positive relationship with the economic growth of Pakistan. Although the stock markets of
Pakistan are growing and developing during the last few years, this growth in the stock markets
should be accompanied with the industrial and manufacturing growth of the country. There exists
a strong need for implementing the efficient monitory regulations that could contribute to the
transparency and effectiveness of stock markets.
Listed companies in Pakistan stock exchange
Sr .no
1
2
Company symbol
Company name
AGTL
Al-ghazi tractors limited
PSMC
Pakistan
3
4
5
EXIDE
company limited
Exide Pakistan limited
PCAL
Pakistan cables limited
DGKC
D.G khan cement company
SITC
limited
Sitara chemicals
7
8
9
10
BOP
limited
Bank of Punjab
ABL
Alied bank limited
MCB
Mcb bank limited
HBL
Habib bank limited
Suzuki
motor
industries
MCB Bank
(formerly Muslim Commercial Bank) previously named as a (Manjoo Co-operative Bank) was
incorporated by the Adamjee Group on July 9, 1947, under the Indian Companies Act, VII of
1913 as a limited company. The bank was established to provide banking facilities to the
business community of South Asia. The bank was nationalized in 1974 during the government
of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. This was the first bank to be privatized in 1991 and the bank was
purchased by a consortium of Pakistani corporate groups led by Nishat Group. As of June 2008,
the Nishat Group owns a majority stake in the bank. The president of the bank is Imran Maqbool.
The group has a presence in business sectors of the country such as banking, textile, cement and
insurance. Mian Muhammad Mansha is the Chairman of the group (and also MCB). MCB is
Pakistans second largest bank by assets having an asset base of US$7 billion as at quarter 1,
2012, and the largest by market capitalization having a market capitalization recorded at $1.2
billion at year end 2011, which was comparatively lower than $1.8 billion the year before,
mainly on account of lower market value. The bank has a customer base of approximately 4
million and a nationwide distribution network of 1,190 branches, including 22 Islamic banking
branches (December 31, 2011) within Pakistan and eight branches outside the country
(December 31, 2011 including the Karachi Export Processing Zone Branch), and over 650 ATMs
in 110 cities, in a market with a population of over 190 million.
In 2011, MCB reported a profit after tax of PKR 19.4 billion (approximately $205 million) and
generated a return on average equity of 26.23% and a return on assets of 3.18% (2010: 3.13%)
The banks asset quality is strong, with a gross NPL ratio of 8.64%.MCB has 1165 branches
(December 31, 2011), including local branches, and business establishments in Sri Lanka and
Bahrain, including newly established Rep. Office in Dubai, UAE. The bank has also formed a
private company in Hong Kong (fully owned subsidiary of MCB) in partnership with Standard
Chartered Bank, handling trade transactions of select countries in the Asia-Pacific region. To
further strengthen its financial services base, MCB incorporated an asset management company
in 2005 known as MCB Asset Management Company. MCB has also incorporated a leasing
company in Azerbaijan in 2009.
Fully owned subsidiaries of MCB are:
Muslim Commercial Financial Services (Private) Limited,
MNET Services (Private) Limited,

MCB Trade Services Limited,
MCB Asset Management Company Limited,
MCB leasing (Closed Joint Stock Company).
Habib bank
HBL (Urdu: ( ) formerly Habib Bank Limited) now referred to as HBL Pakistan is
a Karachi based multinational bank. It is the largest bank in Pakistan. Founded in 1941, HBL
became Pakistan's first commercial bank, in 1951 it opened its first international branch opened
in Colombo, Sri Lanka. In 1972 the bank moved its headquarters to the Habib Bank Plaza, which
became the tallest building in South Asia at the time. The bank was nationalized in 1974 and
privatized in 2003 when Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development acquired a controlling
share. As of 2016, the bank has presence in over 25 countries spanning across four continents,
including 1500 branches in Pakistan and 55 branches worldwide. It has operations in Hong
Kong, Kenya, Nepal and is the only South Asian bank with operations in China. Habib Bank
headquarters in Karachi Habib Bank offers the basic range of banking services to its customers,
to include commercial, bank in the emerging markets. Mohammed Ali Jinnah, Pakistan's
founding father, realized the importance of financial intermediation while he was campaigning
for the creation of a separate homeland for the Muslims of India. He persuaded the Habib family
to establish a commercial bank that could serve the Indian Muslim community. His initiative
resulted in the creation of Habib Bank in 1941, with HO in Bombay (now Mumbai), and fixed
capital of 25,000 rupees. The bank played an important role in mobilizing funds from the Muslim
community to finance the All-India Muslim League's campaign for the establishment of
Pakistan. Habib Bank also played an important role in channeling relief funds to Muslims hurt in
the communal riots and violence that preceded the departure of the British from India.
After the formation of Pakistan in 1947, Habib Bank moved its headquarters to Karachi,
Pakistan's first capital, at the urging of Governor-General Jinnah. This gave Karachi its first
commercial bank of the newly formed Pakistan. The Habib family would own and manage the
bank until the Pakistan government nationalized it on 1 January 1974.
In the 1950s, the HBL started its international expansion. In 1951 it opened the first of what
would become three branches in Sri Lanka. The next year HBL established Habib Bank
(Overseas). Then in 1956 HBL opened the first of five branches in Kenya.
1957 or 1958 HBL opened a branch in Aden.

1961 HBL opened the first of what would become 6 branches in the UK.
1964 HBL opened the first of 4 branches in Mauritius and a branch in Beirut.
1966 HBL opened the first of 8 branches in the UAE.
1967 Hyder Mohamedali Habib founded Habib Bank AG Zurich Zurich. After the
Pakistan nationalized Habib Bank Ltd in 1974, this became the main branch of the family
held Habib Bank.

1969 HBL opened the first of 3 branches and an OBU in Bahrain. However, HBLs
branch in Aden was nationalized.

1971 HBL opened an OBU in Singapore and a branch in New York City.
1972 HBL opened the first of 11 branches in Oman. HBL constructed Habib Bank Plaza
in Karachi to commemorate the banks 25th Anniversary.

1974 The government of Pakistan nationalized HBL and HBL merged with Habib Bank
(Overseas).
Habib Family, any of its undertakings and/or its affiliates had no stake in HBL after its
nationalization.
1975 HBL opened a branch in Belgium. HBL also merged with Standard Bank, a
Pakistani bank.
1976 HBL opened a branch in the Seychelles, the first of two branches in Bangladesh,
and a branch in the Maldives.

1979 HBL opened a branch in the Netherlands.
1980 HBL opened a branch in Paris and another in Hong Kong.
1981 HBL established Nigeria Habib Bank with 40% ownership. HBL also opened a
representative office in Teheran.

1982 HBL opened a branch in Khartoum.
1983 HBL opened branch in the Karachi EPZ and a branch in Istanbul.
1987 HBL opened in Australia.
1991 The Habib Group established a separate private bank, the Bank AL Habib, after
private banking was re-established in Pakistan. HBL opened a branch in the Fiji Islands, and
took over the branches in Pakistan of failed bank, BCCI.

1992 In Nepal HBL acquired 20% of Himalayan Bank.
1995 HBL established a representative office in Cairo.
1990s HBL established Habib Finance (Australia), and Habib Finance International
Limited, Hong Kong.

Map depicting worldwide operations of HBL Pakistan. Highlighted countries have branches,
subsidiaries and/or representative offices of the bank. Pakistan is highlighted in dark green for
reference. On 13 June 2002, Pakistan's Privatization Commission announced that the
Government of Pakistan would grant the Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development (AKFED),
a subsidiary of the Aga Khan Development Network, majority ownership of HBL against an
AKFED's investment in the bank. During 2002, HBL's UK operation came close to being shut
down due to regulatory issues with the Financial Services Authority. The issue was resolved by
converting the operations to a subsidiary. Then Habib Bank Limited and Allied Bank of Pakistan
merged their operations (Habib contributed its 6 branches and Allied its 4), into a new bank,
called Habib-Allied International Bank, in which Habib Bank has a 90.5% shareholding, while
Allied Bank has 9.5%. Simultaneously with the transfer of business to the new bank, both Allied
and Habib Bank closed down all independent operations in the UK. In 2003, HBL received
permission to open a branch in Afghanistan. On 29 December 2003, Government of Pakistan
granted AKFED rights to 51% of the shareholding in the bank against an investment of PKR
22.409 billion (USD 389 million) the next year, on 26 February, the government of Pakistan
handed over management control of Habib Bank to AKFED. The Board of Directors was
reconstituted to have four AKFED nominees, including the Chairman and the President/CEO and
three Government of Pakistan nominees. The bank's owners now comprise the Aga Khan Fund
for Economic Development (51%), Government of Pakistan (42.5%), and the general public
(7.5%). On April 18, 2016, HBL received license to operate a subsidiary in Urumqi, Xinjiang,
becoming the first Pakistani bank to operate in China.
Allied bank
Allied Bank is a commercial bank in Pakistan. Allied Bank, with its registered Offices in
Karachi and Lahore, is one of the largest banks within the country with over 1000 branches,
connected to an online network. It was the first Muslim bank established in Pakistan before
independence (1942) with the name of Australasia Bank. It was named as Allied Bank of
Pakistan from Australasia Bank Limited in 1974, and Sarhad Bank Ltd, Lahore Commercial
Bank Ltd and Pak Bank Ltd were also merged in it. ABL is the first Muslim Bank established on
territory that later on became Pakistan. It was established on December 3, 1942 as Australasia
Bank at Lahore with capital of 0.12 million. At that time the chairman was Kh. Bashir Baksh.
ABLs story was one of the dedications, commitment to professionalism and adaptation to
changing environmental changes.
The bank's history is divided into many phases. During 25 years of united Pakistan the bank
advanced forward in all areas of its activities. 1970s were a difficult decade for all Banks of
Pakistan. In 1971 East Pakistan was separated and Australasia Bank lost its 50 branches and a lot
of capital as well. Nevertheless, the growth remained steady. In 1974 all the Banks were
nationalized including Australasia Bank. The small provincial Banks were merged into
Australasia Bank. On 1 July 1974 the new entity was renamed as ABL of Pakistan Limited. Then
it started its operations as Public sector financial institution. The Al-Ghazi Tractors
Limited (AGTL), was incorporated in 1983, its plant located in Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab,
Pakistan. Al-Ghazi Tractors plant manufactures New Holland tractors and generators in
collaboration with Fiat New Holland. In 1991, Al-Futtaim Group of Dubai took over the
management control of Al-Ghazi Tractors by acquiring 50% of its shares. Its corporate Head
Office is in Karachi, Pakistan.
Products
Tractors
New Holland 480S

New Holland 640
New Holland 640S
Ghazi
New Holland NH 55-56
New Holland NH 60-56
New Holland NH 70-56(4WD)
Apart from tractors, it also manufactures diesel generators and other farming equipment.
New Holland 480S
It was originally Fiat 480. It was a 48 hp tractor. But due to slight modification its
nowadays 55 hp.
New Holland 640
It was originally Fiat 640. It was a 64 hp tractor. But due to slight modification its
nowadays 75HP. Other changes include power steering {hydro assisted} and larger rear tire
size which is 18.4-30. This has resulted in more traction and hence a better tractor.
Pak Suzuki Motor Company (PSMCL) is a Pakistani affiliate of Japanese automaker Suzuki. It
is the Pakistani assembler and distributor of cars manufactured by Suzuki and its subsidiaries
and foreign divisions. Currently Pak Suzuki is the largest car assembler in Pakistan. Most
vehicles are produced and sold by Pak Suzuki including the Mehran, Bolan, Ravi, Cultus and
Swift are sourced from Suzuki Japan that do not confirm to modern automotive safety or
emission standards. No vehicle assembled by Pak Suzuki offers airbags to date. The company's
first assembled models of Suzuki even lacked left side rear view mirror as standard option, side
vents for air conditioning and rear window defogger and the same model has been in production
since 1988 with very minor cosmetic changes.
History
The firm was founded in September 1982 as a joint venture between the government of Pakistan
and Suzuki Motor Japan, formalizing the arrangement by which Awami Auto Ltd. had produced
the Suzuki SS80 from 1982. Suzuki originally owned 25% of the stock, and has gradually
increased their holding; they now own 73.09%. Pak-Suzuki was a joint venture between the semi
governmental Pakistan Automobile Corporation (PACO), who had earlier overseen local
assembly from kits. Pak Suzuki is the market leader in Pakistan Automobile Market by having
more than 60 %(December, 2011) of market share. Lacking serious competition, Pak Suzuki has
had a market share of more than 50% since its inception and has complete monopoly in the small
car segment. Apart from giving automobile related services like Suzuki Finance and Suzuki
Insurance, Pak Suzuki also deals in Pak Suzuki Certified Used Cars.
Having assembled both the Carry and Jimny locally since 1976, Suzuki's first locally built
product was the 800 cc ST90 Carry van and truck. 25,000 per year was the beginning
production. By 1984 the 1000 cc Jimny (SJ410) and 800 cc Alto/Fronte (called "FX") had been
added to the lineup, and a second plant was planned for 1985 Cars built by Suzuki Pakistan often
lack essential features which are standard in other cars, such as airbags, rear windshield defogger
and rear seat belts. In 2006, Pak Suzuki offered factory-fitted CNG two years after rival Dewan
Motors started offering the facility in their locally assembled Hyundai Santros. By 2012 the
Pakistani-assembled Suzuki Mehran remained possibly the last car in the world which still used a
carburetted engine, but from the end of 2012 Suzuki Mehrans have been equipped with EFI
engines to meet the Euro-II emission standards.

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