Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

Cc phng php iu chnh

tc ng c khng ng
b bng thay i thng s
Bi:
unknown

Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i

thng s
Vn iu chnh tc ng c K:
ng c K, c s dng rng ri trong thc t. u im ni bt ca n l: cu to
n gin, lm vic tin cy, vn u t t, gi thnh h, trng lng, kch thc nh hn
khi dng cng sut nh mc so vi ng c mt chiu.
S dng trc tip li in xoay chiu 3 pha
Tuy nhin, vic iu chnh tc v khng ch cc qu trnh qu kh khn hn, cc
ng c K lng sc c cc ch tiu khi ng xu, (dng khi ng ln, mmen khi
ng nh).
Trong thi gian gn y, do pht trin cng nghip ch to bn dn cng sut v k thut
in tin hc, ng c K mi c khai thc cc u im ca chng. N tr thnh h
truyn ng cnh tranh c hiu qu so vi h Tiristor - ng c in mt chiu.
Qua phng trnh c tnh c ca ng c K:
M=

2Mth(I + asth)
sth
s
+
+ 2asth
sth
s

(3-13)

Trong : (3-14)
V: (3-15)

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

sth =

R'

R2 + X2

(3-16)

nm

Qua biu thc (3-13), (3-14), (3-15), (3-16) ta thy rng khi thay i cc thng s in
tr, in khng, in p, tn s, s i cc th s thay i c sth, Mth v s iu chnh
c tc ca ng c K.
iu chnh tc ng c K bng cch thay i in tr ph mch rto (R2f):
Qua cc biu thc (3-14), (3-15), khi thay i in tr ph trong mch rto ng c K
s lm cho sth thay i t l cn Mth th khng thay i, v vy s thay i c tc
? ca ng c K nh trn hnh 3-6:

* Nguyn l iu chnh: khi thay i R2f vi cc gi tr khc nhau, th sth s thay i t

l, con` Mth = const, ta s c mt h c tnh c c chung ?o, Mth, c tc khc
nhau v c cc tc lm vic xc lp tng ng.
Qua hnh 3-6, ta c: Mth = const
V: 0 < R2f1 < R2f2 < < R2f.ic <
SthTN < sth1 < sth2 < < sth.ic <
TN < 1 < 2 < < ic <
TN > 1 > 2 > > ic >

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

Nh vy, khi cho R2f cng ln iu chnh tc cng nh, th cng c tnh c
cng dc, sai s tnh cng ln, tc lm vic cng km n nh, thm ch khi R2f =
R2f.ic, dn n Mn = Mc cho ng c khng quay c (? = 0).
V khi thay i cc gi tr R2f.i > R2f.ic th tc ng c vn bng khng (? = 0),
ngha l khng iu chnh c tc , hay cn gi l iu chnh khng trit .
* Cc ch tiu cht lng ca phng php:
Phng php ny c sai s tnh ln, nht l khi iu chnh cng su th s% cng ln, c
th s% > s%cp.
Phm vi iu chnh hp (thng D = 3).
tinh khi iu chnh: ? 1 (iu chnh c cp).
Vng iu chnh di tc nh mc (? < ?m).
Ph hp vi ph ti th nng, v khi iu chnh m gi dng in rto khng i th
mmen cng khng i (M ~ Mc).
* u: Phng php thay i in tr ph mch rto iu chnh tc ng c K
nh trn c u im l n gin, r tin, d iu chnh tc ng c. Hay dng iu
chnh tc cho cc ph tI dng th nng (Mc = const).
* Nhc im: Tuy nhin, phng php ny cng c nhc im l iu chnh khng
trit ; khi iu chnh cng su th sai s tnh cng ln; phm vi iu chnh hp, iu
chnh trong mch rto, dng rto ln nn phi thay i tng cp in tr ph, cng sut
iu chnh ln, tn hao nng lng trong qu trnh iu chnh ln.
Mc d vy, phng php ny thng c p dng cho iu chnh tc cc ng c
K truyn ng cho cc my nng - vn chuyn c yu cu iu chnh tc khng
cao. Mun nng cao cc ch tiu cht lng th dng phng php xung in tr .
iu chnh tc K bng cch thay i in p stato (us):
Mmen ng c K t l vi bnh phng in p stato, nn c th iu chnh mmen
v tc ng c K bng cch thay i in p stato v gi tn s khng i nh b
bin i in p xoay chiu (AXC) nh hnh 3-7:

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

Nu coi b AXC l ngun l tng (Zb = 0), khi ub ? um th mmen ti hn Mth.u t

l vi bnh phng in p, cn sth.u = const:
ub 2
u1

( ) = M .u

Mth.u = Mth.gh

th

sth.u = sth.gh = const

2
b

(3-17)

}
ci thin dng c tnh iu chnh v gim bt mc pht nng ca ng c, ngi ta
mc thm in tr R2f (hnh 3-7). Khi , nu in p t vo stato l nh mc (ub =
u1) th ta c c tnh mm hn c tnh t nhin, gi l c tnh gii hn.
R rng l:; Mth.gh = Mth (3-18)
Trong : Mth.gh, sth.gh l mmen v h s trt ti hn ca c tnh gii hn (/tGH).
Mth, sth l mmen v h s trt ti hn ca c tnh t nhin.
Da vo c tnh gii hn Mgh(s), v nu ? = const, ta suy ra c tnh iu chnh ng
vi gi tr ub cho trc nh quan h:
Mu = u2b;Mu =

Mu
Mgh

(3-19)

c tnh iu chnh trong trng hp ny nh hnh 3-7b.

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

Phng php iu chnh in p ch thch hp vi truyn ng m mmen ti l hm

tng theo tc nh: my bm, qut gi, C th dng my bin p t ngu, in
khng, hoc b bin i bn dn lm b AXC cho ng c K.
iu chnh tc K bng cch thay i s i cc (p):
Theo quan h:
= 0(1 s) =

2pf1(1 s)
p

(3-20)

Trong : f1 l tn s li in, p l s i cc.

Vy, thay i s i cc p, s iu chnh c ?o v s iu chnh c ?. c th
thay i c s i cc p, ngi ta phi ch to nhng ng c K c bit, c cc t
dy qun stato khc nhau to ra c p khc nhau, gi l my a tc.
V d ta c mt t ni dy stato (1 pha) gm 2 on, mi on l mt phn t nh hnh
3-8. Nu ta u ni tip 2 on thun cc nhau (nh du * trn hnh v), th do
ng sc t phn b trn nh trn hnh 3-8a, nn s cc s l 4 v p = 2.

Nh vy, bng cch i ni n gin cc t dy qun, ta iu chnh c tc : t

?o s 3-8a thnh ln 2?o nh s 3-8b, c; v iu chnh c tc ? ca ng
c K.
Thc t, cc ng c K a tc thng gp l i ni theo hai cch: hnh saosao
kp (Y ) v tam gicsao kp (? ). S i ni c gii thiu trn hnh 3-9:

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

Khi ni ? hoc Y, hai on dy qun mi pha c u ni tip thun cc ging nh

trn hnh 3-9a, nn ta gi thit khi p = 2 v tng ng tc ng b l ?o. Khi i
ni thnh , cc on dy s ni song song ngc cc ging nh hnh 3-9c, nn p = 1, tc
ng b tng gp i (?o = 2?o).
dng cc c tnh iu chnh, ta cn xc nh c tr s Mth, sth v ?o cho tng cch
ni dy.
i vi trng hp ? ta c cc quan h khi ni ?, hai on dy stato u ni tip, nn:
R1 = 2r1;X1 = 2x1
R2 = 2r2;X2 = 2x2;Xnm = 2xnm (3-21)
}
Trong : r1, r2, x1, x2 l in tr v in khng mi on dy stato v rto.
in p trn dy qun mi pha l. Do :
sth. =

R'

R2 + (X1 + X' )2

Mth. =

r'

r2 + x 2

3(3.U1)2

2o R1 R2 + X2
1
nm

(3-22)

nm

9U2

1
4o r1 + r2 + x2
1
nm

(3-23)

Nu i thnh th:
1

R1 = 2 r1;X1 = 2 x1;R2 = 2 r2; X2 = 2 x2 (3-24)

Cn in p trn dy qun mi pha l: Uf = U1. V vy:

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

sth. =

R'

R2 + (X1 + X' )2

Mth. =

r'

r2 + x 2

3(3.U1)2

2o R1 R2 + X2
1
nm

(3-25)

nm

9U2

1
4o r1 + r2 + x2
1
nm

(3-26)
So snh (3-62) vi (3-59) ta thy:
Mth
Mth.

2
3

(3-27)

Nh vy, khi i ni ? , tc khng ti l tng tng ln 2 ln (?o = ?o?), trt ti

hn khng i (gi tr tng i), cn mmen ti hn gim mt 1/3 ln. c tnh iu
chnh c dng nh trn hnh 3-10a.

i vi trng hp i ni ta cng suy lun tng t. Khi ni Y, cc on dy u ni

tip v U1Y = U1, nn:
sth. =
MthY =

r'2

r21 + x2nm
3U21

4o r1 r21 + x2nm

(3-28)

}
So snh (3-28) vi cc biu thc tng ng ca s sao kp l (3-25) v (3-26) ta
c:
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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

sthY = sth ; MthY = 12 Mth (3-29)

Nh vy, khi i ni , tc khng ti l tng v mmen ti hn tng gp i, cn
h s trt ti hn vn gi nguyn gi tr tng i ca n (hnh 3-10b).
xc nh ph ti cho php khi iu chnh tc , xut pht t gi tr cng sut ri suy
ra mmen. T biu thc ca cng sut, ta c:
Khi ni ?:
Pc.cp = 33U1I1mcos (3-30)

Khi ni :
Pc.cp = 33U1I1mcos (3-31)

Do : (3-32)
Thc t cho php coi Pc.cp? ? Pc.cp , v h s cng sut v hiu sut khi ni ? cao hn
khi ni . l do khi ni , in p t ln tng on dy qun ln hn khi ni ?, nn
dng t ha tng mt cch v ch:
T (3-32) ta suy ra quan h ca mmen ti cho php:
Mc.cp
Mc.cp

Pc.cp / o
Pc.cp / o

o
o

1
2

(3-33) Nh vy, khi i ni , mmen ph ti cho php ca

ng c gim i hai ln, cn cng sut cho php th c gi khng i (Pcp = const).
iu chng t phng php i ni ny ph hp vi nhng my c mmen ti t l
nghch vi tc .
Nu t: ? = Mth/Mc.cp th t (3-27) v (3-32) ta thy:

Mth / Mc.cp
Mth / Mc.cp

4
3

(3-34)

Ngha l khi i ni , kh nng qu ti ca ng c tng ln 4/3 ln.

Nu cc on dy ni hnh Y, th:
Pc.cpY = 3U1I1mcosYY (3-35)

So snh vi trng hp ni [xem (3-31)] ta c:

Pc.cp
Pc.cpY

2cos

3cosYY

2 (3-36)

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

V: (3-37)
Nh vy, khi i ni , mmen ti cho php ca ng c c gi khng i, cn cng
sut cho php th tng 2 ln. iu c ngha l phng php i ni ny ph hp vi
nhng my c mmen ti khng i (Mc = const).
T (3-37) v (3-29) ta tm c quan h ca h s qu ti ?:

Mth / Mc.cp
MthY / Mc.cpY

= 2 (3-38)

Ngha l khi i ni , kh nng qu ti ca ng c tng ln 2 ln.

+ u im ca phng php iu chnh tc ng c K bng cch thay i s i
cc l thit b n gin, r tin, cc c tnh c u cng v kh nng iu chnh trit
(iu chnh c tc khng ti l tng).
Nh cc c tnh c cng, nn chnh xc duy tr tc cao v tn tht trt khi iu
chnh thc t khng ng k.
+ Nhc im ln ca phng php ny l c tinh km, gii iu chnh khng rng
v kch thc ng c ln.
iu chnh tc K bng cch thay i tn s (f1):
Vn thay i tn s ca in p stato:
V nguyn l, khi thay i tn s f1 th ?o = 2pf1/p s thay i v s iu chnh c
tc ng c K. Nhng khi thay i f1 f1m th c th nh hng n ch lm
vic ca ng c.
Gi s mch stato:
E1 cf1 (3-39)
Trong : E1 l s cm ng trong cun dy stato, ? l t thng mc vng qua cun dy
stato, c l hng s t l, f1 l tn s ca dng in stato.
Nu b qua s st p trn tng tr cun dy stato th ta c:
U1 E1 cf1 (3-40)
Qua (3-45) ta thy: nu thay i f1 m gi U1 = const th ? s thay i theo.

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

+ V d: khi gim f1 < f1m iu chnh tc ? < ?m m gi U1 ? E1 ? c?f1 = const

th theo (3-40), t thng ? s tng ln, mch t ng c s b bo ha, in khng mch
t gim xung v dng t ha s tng ln lm cho ng c qu ti v t, lm pht nng
ng c, gim tui th ca ng c, thm ch nu nng qu nhit cho php ca ng
c th ng c c th b chy.
+ Cn khi tng f1 > f1m nu gi U1 ? E1 ? c?f1 = const v ph ti Mc = const, m
khi lm vic, mmen M ? K?I2cos? = Mc = const. Vy khi tng f1 > f1m s lm cho
? gim, dn n dng I2 tng, ngha l ng c s b qu ti v dng, n cng b pht
nng lm xu ch lm vic ca ng c hoc b chy.

Quy lut iu chnh in p stato khi thay i tn s:

Hnh 3-12, xc nh kh nng qu ti v mmen khi iu chnh tn s: f1 < f1m.

Ngha l:
=

Mth
M

= const (3-41)

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

Nu b qua in tr dy qun stato (R1 = 0) th t (3-41):

U2
1

Mth =

2o.Xnm

U2
1

=
2.

2f1
p

K.

.Lnm

U2
1
2
f
1

(3-42)

Trong , coi: Xnm = ?L; v ? ? ?o = 2?f1/p.

Quan h Mc = f(?):
Mc = Mc.m

f1 q
f1m

( ) A.( ) (3-43)

Trong : q = -1,0,1,2
Theo (3-41), (3-42), (3-43) ta c:
U1
f1

U1.m
f1.m

( ) (3-44)
f1

f1.m

Suy ra:
; vi q = -1, 0, 1, 2; (3-45)
Hay dng tng i:

(1 + q2 )

u1 = f1

; (q = -1,0,1,2) (3-46)

Nh vy, khi thay i tn s iu chnh tc ng c K, ta phi thay i in p

sao cho m bo iu kin (3-41), nhng li ph thuc vo cc dng ph ti.
Cc c tnh iu chnh tn s v in p stato:
Cc dng c tnh c khi thay i tn s v in p stato vi cc ph ti khc nhau (hnh
3-13):

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

Trn hnh 3-13a, khi ph ti Mc ? I/? (q = -1) th iu chnh tn s v in p stato theo

qui lut:
U1
1/2
f
1

= const (3-47)

Trn hnh 3-13b, khi ph ti Mc = const (q = 0) th iu chnh tn s v in p stato

theo qui lut:
U1
f1

= const (3-48)

Trn hnh 3-13c, khi ph ti Mc = const (q = 1) th iu chnh tn s v in p stato

theo qui lut:
U1
3/2
f
1

= const (3-49)

Trn hnh 3-13d, khi ph ti Mc = const (q = 2) th iu chnh tn s v in p stato

theo qui lut:
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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

U1
f2

= const (3-50)

iu chnh t ng tc ng c bng cch thay i thng s thng s u

ra:
Nguyn l chung:
ci thin cc ch tiu cht lng ca h thng truyn ng in iu chnh, ngi ta
thng thc hin cc phng php iu chnh t ng, to ra kh nng bin i thng
s iu chnh (thng s u vo Xch) mt cch lin tc theo mc thay i ca thng
s c iu chnh u ra (i lng X). Mun vy, ta phi thit lp h iu chnh
vng kn, ly tn hiu phn hi t u ra trc tip t l vi i lng X hoc gin tip
qua cc i lng lin quan n X, cho tc ng ln thng s u vo, lm cho thng s
ny thay i t ng theo chiu hng a i lng X t n gi tr t trc.
Cu trc chung ca h iu chnh t ng vng kn nh trn hnh 3-14. Cc tn hiu iu
khin u vo thng l in p: U - tn hiu t, t l vi gi tr t ca thng s
c iu chnh: tc ? (U ? ?); Uph - tn hiu phn hi, t l vi gi tr thc ca
thng s c iu chnh ? (Uph ? ?); ?U = Uk - tn hiu sai lch, phn nh mc sai
lch gia gi tr thc ca thng s ra ? vi gi tr mong mun t trc ?.
Uk chnh l tn hiu dng iu khin phn t iu chnh Ch sao cho thng s ca
n t ng thay i, v tc ng vo ng c lm cho gi tr ? tin n ?,
chnh l t ng n nh tc .

n nh tc trong h iu chnh t ng truyn ng in c ngha rt ln trong

vic ci thin cc ch tiu cht lng ca h TT. Thng tng cng c tnh c
n nh tc bng cch dng h thng iu khin vng kn.
Cc c tnh c h h c ( = (k()2/R khng i trong phm vi iu chnh. i vi c
tnh c thp nht c s... Eb0, nu Mc = Mm th tc lm vic s l ( = (min v sai
s tnh thng s ln hn gi tr cho php:

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

Mm

S= .w

0min

> Scp (3-51)

S ( Scp th cn tm bin php tng tc n ( = (min. im lm vic [(min, Mm]

nm trn c tnh khc ca h c (0 = (01 v Eb1 = k((01 > Eb0. Ni im ((0min, 0)
vi im ((min, Mm) v ko di ra ta c c tnh mong mun c cng (m v:
w = w0min

M
m

(3-52)

Gi tr (m c xc nh theo cng thc:

Trang 119
S= b

Mm
m.w0min

Scp (3-53)

Giao im ca c tnh c mong mun vi cc c tnh h h cho bit cc gi tr cn

thit ca Eb khi thay i mmen ti. c tnh ny c dng gc di bn tri ca
hnh 3-14.

iu chnh t ng tc theo dng in ti:

Qua hnh 3-15, nng cng ln (m ta c th iu chnh Eb theo dng in ti. Ti
giao im ca c tnh c h h v h kn (mong mun) th tc v mmen c gi tr
nh nhau nn:
Eb
kfm

M
=w0

M
m

Eb=Eb0+k'dI (3-54)

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

Trong : ; (3-55)
Nguyn l iu chnh (3-54) c th c thc hin bng mch phn hi dng dng
in phn ng nh trn hnh 3-16a.

Theo s 3-16, ta c:
Eb = kb(U + RdI) (2-56)
w=

kbU R+(1-kb)Rd
kfm - kfm I

(2-57)

Trong : U - in p t tc ,
Ui = RdI - in p phn hi dng in,
Rd - in tr sun trong mch phn ng.
So snh (3-56) vi (3-54) ta c:
Eb0 = kb.U ; Kd = kb.Rd (2-58)
Nu chn: kb.Rd = (R + Rd) th (m = (, ta c c tnh c cng tuyt i. Nu kb.Rd
> (R + Rd) th c tnh c mong mun s c cng dng, v ng c lm vic s
khng n nh. Trong trng hp bit trc (, (m cn phi tnh Rd, kb cho ph hp,
(hnh 2-16b).
iu chnh t ng tc theo in p phn ng:
Qua hnh 3-16, nng cng ln (m ta c th iu chnh Eb bng cch dng mch
phn hi m in p phn ng. Da vo phng trnh c tnh ti ca b bin i:
Eb = U + RbI, v Rb = R - R nn:

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

I=

1
1

(kfm)2(

U) (3-59)

1 (Eb
)
tn

Trong : (tn = (k(m)2/R l cng c tnh c t nhin.

Thay (3-59) vo (3-54) v t:
1

b=(

1
1
m )(

1
=Eb0 1 b ;

'
b0

1
tn )

b
1 b;

k =

(3-60)

Ta c biu thc tnh s... Eb theo in p phn ng:

Eb = Eb0 - kaU (3-61)
Nguyn l iu chnh (3-61) c th c thc hin bng mch phn hi m in p phn
ng nh trn hnh 3-17a:

B qua dng in trong cc in tr r1, r2 v t ka = r2/(r2+r1):

Eb = kb(U - kaU) (3-62)

w=

kbU
(1+kbka).kfm

R-

kbka
R
1+kbka b

(kfm)2

M (3-63)

Nu mch c kbka >> 1 th (3-63) s c dng:

w=

U
ka.kfm

R(kfm)2

w = w0(U,ka)

M
tn

(3-64)

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

Khi thay i h s phn hi in p ka (bng con trt trn chit p r1, r2) th c tc
khng ti l tng ln cng c tnh c u thay i theo. Trng hp h c h
s khuch i rt ln th cng mong mun c th t gi tr ti a bng (tn, (hnh
3-17b).
iu chnh t ng dng phn hi m tc ng c:
Qua hnh 3-16, nng cng ln (m ta c th iu chnh Eb bng cch dng mch
phn hi m tc ng c.

Da vo phng trnh c tnh in c B bin i - ng c mt chiu ta rt ra c

dng in phn ng v thay vo (3-54) ta c:
Eb =

Eb =

1
1-kdR (Eb0

m
Eb0

kd.kfm
w)
R

1).kfmw (3-65)

Eb=E''b0-k't.w
Trong : Eb0 = (m.Eb0/( , kt = ((m/(-1).k(m .
Lut iu chnh (3-65) c thc hin bng phn hi m tc (hnh 3-18a), trong
tn hiu tc c ly trn my pht tc FT l my pht c in p ra t l vi tc
ng c: U( = kt..
w=

m =

kbU R.M / kfm

(1+kbkt/kfm).kfm

(kfm)2(1+kbkt/kfm)
R

(3-66)

T (3-66) c th tnh c h s khuch i yu cu ca h sao cho c tnh c thp

nht trong phm vi iu chnh t cng mong mun. Khi kb.kt ( ( th c tnh c l
tuyt i cng.

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

Trong trng hp khng dng my pht tc th c th dng cu tc ly tn hiu

phn hi tc (trong phn ng ng c l mt nhnh cu).
Phn hi m dng in c ngt:
Qu trnh lm vic ca h TT thng c yu cu v n nh tc trong vng bin
thin cho php ca mmen v dng in phn ng, khi dng in v mmen vt qu
phm vi ny th cn phi hn ch dng in v mmen trnh cho ng c b qu ti ln,
gy ra s c v h hng ng c.
Mun gim dng in hoc mmen ngn mch ta phi gim cng c tnh c. Tuy
nhin, m boyu cu n nh tc trong phm vi bin thin cho php ca ti, ta
ch gim cng khi dng in hoc mmen vt qu mt ngng no . Ngng ny
c gi l im ngt . Tng ng vi n ta c dng ngt Ing, mmen ngt Mng
v tc ngt (ng. Thng thng I*ng ( (1,5(2).
Vy, c tnh c ca h gm hai on: on lm vic t im khng ti l tng n
im ngt (on AB) v on ngt t im ngt n im dng (on BC) (xem hnh
3-19a).
V c tnh ny rt c trng cho cng ngh ca my xc nn ngi ta gi n l c
tnh my xc .

Mun to ra on c tnh dc c cng mong mun l (ng bt buc phi thay i

thng s iu chnh xch sao cho tc ng c gim nhanh khi ti tng ln trn gii
hn cho php.
Nh vy khi ti tng th h phi gim Eb ca b bin i.

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

Eb = Eb0

1
ng

).(kf

Eb = Eb0 k

m)

.(I-Ing)

(3-67)

'ng.d

.(I Ing)

thc hin quy lut iu chnh ny, ta dng mt khu phn hi m dng in c ngt
tc ng trn mc ngng Ing, s nguyn l nh hnh 3-19b. in p so snh: Us =
Ing.Ro, vy:
Eb = kb[Ut - I.Ro + Us] = kb.Ut - kb.Ro.(I - Ing); (3-68)
So snh vi (3-67) ta thy:
Eb0 = kb.Ut ; kng.d = kb.Ro = kb.kng.d;
on BC:
( = CkbUt - C(kbkng.d + R)(I - Ing); (3-69)

Cu hi n tp
1. C nhng ch tiu cht lng no dng nh gi cc phng php iu khin ng
c ? Nu nh ngha v trnh by ngha ca tng ch tiu.
2. Phn tch ngha ca vic iu chnh tc v iu chnh dng in (hoc mmen),
nu yu cu thc t ca vic iu chnh tng thng s ? Nhng ch tiu cn t c ca
vic iu chnh mi thng s l g ?
3. T biu thc no ta rt ra nhn xt chung v cc phng php iu khin ng c
in mt chiu v ng c in khng ng b ? Mi loi ng c c my phng php
iu khin ? Nhng phng php no c xem l c hiu qu ?
4. Nhng phng php iu khin no ca ng c in mt chiu c th dng iu
chnh tc ? Nhng phng php no dng iu chnh mmen v dng in ?
5. Hy nh gi cc ch tiu cht lng ca phng php iu chnh tc ng c mt
chiu bng cch thay i in p phn ng.
6. Nu ng dng ca phng php iu chnh tc ng c mt chiu kch t c lp
bng cch thay i in tr ph phn ng.
7. Nu u, nhc im ca phng php iu chnh tc ng c in mt chiu bng
cch thay i t thng kch thch.

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Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c khng ng b bng thay i thng s

8. Trnh by cch dng h c tnh khi ng ca ng c khng ng b rto dy qun

khi dng cc cp in tr ph ni vo mch rto v cch xc nh cc cp in tr .
9. Trnh by nguyn l iu chnh dng in v mmen (khi ng) ca ng c khng
ng b lng sc bng phng php thay i in p stato v phng php dng in
tr ph stato.
10. Phng php iu khin tc ng c khng ng b bng cch thay i s i
cc c nhng ng dng no ?
11. c im lm vic ca ng c khng ng b khi c cung cp in p v tn s
nh mc, v khi thay i tn s khc vi nh mc ? T thng ca ng c thay i
nh th no khi tn s nh hn nh mc v khi tn s ln hn nh mc ?
12. C nhng lut (nguyn l) iu khin no c p dng khi iu khin tn s ca
ng c khng ng b ? M t ni dung c bn ca cc lut iu khin .
13. u, nhc im ca phng php iu khin tn s ca ng c khng ng b ? V
sao ni phng php ny ca ng c khng ng b c th so snh c vi phng
php iu khin in p phn ng ca ng c mt chiu kch t c lp ?
14. Ngi ta thng quan tm n nhng vn khi ng v iu khin no i vi
ng c ng b ?
15. M t mt qu trnh khi ng hai giai on ca ng c ng b thng dng.
16. Hy trnh by nguyn l lm vic ca h B bin i - ng c mt chiu c iu
chnh tc t ng vng kn khi dng phn hi m in p phn ng.
17. Hy trnh by nguyn l lm vic ca h B bin i - ng c mt chiu c iu
chnh tc t ng vng kn khi dng phn hi dng dng in.
18. Hy trnh by nguyn l lm vic ca h B bin i - ng c mt chiu c iu
chnh tc t ng vng kn khi dng phn hi m tc , phn hi hn hp m in
p v dng dng in phn ng.
19. Hy trnh by hot ng ca s nguyn l h B bin i - ng c mt chiu
c phn hi m dng in c ngt v cch to ra c tnh my xc.

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