Hay Group Global Job Model Job Descriptions 2015

2015 Global Job Model
Standard global job descriptions and executive title

descriptions
Copyright 2015, Hay Group
Table of Contents
Subfamilies and Codes .................................................................................... 1
Finance and Accounting .................................................................................. 4
Finance Manager II ................................................................................. 6
Finance Manager I................................................................................... 7
Accounting .................................................................................................. 8
General Accounting Manager ............................................................... 10
Accounting Supervisor II ...................................................................... 11
Accounting Supervisor I........................................................................ 12
Accountant V ........................................................................................ 13
Accountant IV ....................................................................................... 14
Accountant III ....................................................................................... 15
Accountant II......................................................................................... 16
Accountant I .......................................................................................... 17
Payroll Manager .................................................................................... 18
Payroll Coordinator ............................................................................... 19
Payroll Clerk II...................................................................................... 20
Payroll Clerk I ....................................................................................... 21
Accounting Clerk IV ............................................................................. 22
Accounting Clerk III ............................................................................. 23
Accounting Clerk II............................................................................... 24
Accounting Clerk I ................................................................................ 25
Controlling ................................................................................................ 27
Financial Controller II ........................................................................... 29
Financial Controller I ............................................................................ 30
Management Controller ........................................................................ 31
Controller Assistant I, II ........................................................................ 32
Financial Planning and Analysis ............................................................. 34
Financial Planning Manager.................................................................. 36
Financial Sub-Section Manager ............................................................ 37
Credit Manager ..................................................................................... 38
Credit Analyst/Representative II ........................................................... 39
Credit Analyst/Representative I ............................................................ 40
Risk Manager ........................................................................................ 41
Financial Analyst IV ............................................................................. 42
Financial Analyst III ............................................................................. 43
Financial Analyst II ............................................................................... 44
Financial Analyst I ................................................................................ 45
Audit .......................................................................................................... 47
Audit Manager ...................................................................................... 49
Auditor III ............................................................................................. 50
Auditor II .............................................................................................. 51
Auditor I ................................................................................................ 52
i
Taxation .................................................................................................... 54
Tax Manager ......................................................................................... 56
Tax Accountant III ................................................................................ 57
Tax Accountant II ................................................................................. 58
Tax Accountant I................................................................................... 59
Tax Analyst II ....................................................................................... 60
Tax Analyst I......................................................................................... 61
Treasury .................................................................................................... 63
Treasury Manager ................................................................................. 65
Treasury Accountant ............................................................................. 66
Treasury Assistant ................................................................................. 67
Information Technology / Internet-Based Technology ............................... 70
IT Manager II ........................................................................................ 72
IT Manager I ......................................................................................... 74
Application Development......................................................................... 76
Architecture Manager............................................................................ 78
Application Development Manager ...................................................... 79
Application Architect ............................................................................ 80
Application Designer ............................................................................ 81
Application Developer II....................................................................... 82
Application Developer I ........................................................................ 83
Analyst Programmer II .......................................................................... 84
Analyst Programmer I ........................................................................... 85
Implementation Engineer ...................................................................... 86
Test Developer ...................................................................................... 87
Tester II ................................................................................................. 88
Tester I .................................................................................................. 89
Infrastructure Development .................................................................... 90
Network Integrator ................................................................................ 92
Network Architect ................................................................................. 93
Network Designer III ............................................................................ 94
Network Designer II .............................................................................. 95
Network Designer I ............................................................................... 96
Technical Operations and End User Support ........................................ 98
Network Operations Manager ............................................................. 100
Network Administrator II .................................................................... 101
Network Administrator I ..................................................................... 102
Systems Administrator ........................................................................ 103
Network Management Analyst ............................................................ 104
IT Operations Manager ....................................................................... 105
Operations Team Leader II ................................................................. 106
Operations Team Leader I ................................................................... 107
Computer Operator II .......................................................................... 108
Computer Operator I ........................................................................... 109
Assistant Computer Operator .............................................................. 110
Help Desk Manager............................................................................. 111
ii
Help Desk Specialist ........................................................................... 113

Support Assistant ................................................................................ 114
Help Desk Analyst .............................................................................. 115
Systems Specialist III .......................................................................... 116
Systems Specialist II ........................................................................... 117
Systems Specialist I............................................................................. 118
Technical Support Specialist ............................................................... 119
Field Service Engineer ........................................................................ 120
Data Management and Security ............................................................ 122
Database Manager ............................................................................... 124
Database Architect .............................................................................. 125
Database Administrator ....................................................................... 126
Database Analyst................................................................................. 127
Assistant Database Analyst ................................................................. 128
Authorization Officer .......................................................................... 129
Data Entry Operator II ........................................................................ 130
Data Entry Operator I .......................................................................... 131
IT Security Specialist II ...................................................................... 132
IT Security Specialist I ........................................................................ 133
Service Level and Process Management ............................................... 134
Vendor Manager ................................................................................. 136
Service Level Manager II, I................................................................. 137
ERP Implementation / IT Process Manager II, I ................................. 139
Planner ................................................................................................ 141
IT Consultancy ....................................................................................... 143
Managing Consultant .......................................................................... 145
Business Consultant ............................................................................ 147
Business Analyst ................................................................................. 149
Technical Consultant........................................................................... 150
Internet-Based Services and Support ................................................... 152
Web Visionary .................................................................................... 154
Web Administrator .............................................................................. 155
Web Developer II ................................................................................ 156
Web Developer I ................................................................................. 157
Web Editor .......................................................................................... 158
Search Engine Optimization Manager................................................. 159
Search Engine Optimization Analyst .................................................. 160
Web Analytics Manager ...................................................................... 161
Web Analytics Analyst ....................................................................... 162
Client Satisfaction Researcher............................................................. 163
Human Resources ........................................................................................ 164
Human Resources Manager II ............................................................. 166
Human Resources Manager I .............................................................. 168
HR Generalist ......................................................................................... 170
HR Business Partner ........................................................................... 172
HR Generalist III ................................................................................. 173
iii
HR Generalist II .................................................................................. 174

HR Generalist I ................................................................................... 175
Human Resources Administrator ........................................................ 176
Human Resources Assistant ................................................................ 177
Training and Development .................................................................... 178
Training and Development Manager ................................................... 180
Training and Development Specialist III, II ........................................ 181
Training and Development Specialist I ............................................... 182
Compensation and Benefits ................................................................... 184
Compensation and Benefits Manager .................................................. 186
Compensation and Benefits Specialist II, I ......................................... 187
Compensation and Benefits Analyst ................................................... 188
Recruitment and Organizational Development ................................... 190
Recruitment and Resourcing Manager ................................................ 192
Recruitment Manager .......................................................................... 193
Recruitment Officer ............................................................................ 194
Recruiter.............................................................................................. 195
Employee Relations ................................................................................ 196
Employee/Labor Relations Manager ................................................... 198
Employee/Labor Relations Representative ......................................... 199
Legal ............................................................................................................. 200
Paralegal ................................................................................................. 200
Paralegal Supervisor/Manager ............................................................ 202
Paralegal III ......................................................................................... 203
Paralegal II .......................................................................................... 204
Paralegal I ........................................................................................... 205
Professional Lawyers ............................................................................. 206
Legal Advisor IV ................................................................................ 208
Legal Advisor III ................................................................................. 209
Legal Advisor II .................................................................................. 210
Legal Advisor I ................................................................................... 211
Corporate Affairs ........................................................................................ 212
Government Relations ........................................................................... 212
Government Relations Representative/Lobbyist ................................. 214
Government Relations Professional .................................................... 215
Regulatory and Registration ................................................................. 216
Regulatory Affairs Manager................................................................ 218
Regulatory Affairs Professional II ...................................................... 219
Regulatory Affairs Professional I ........................................................ 220
Public Relations and Communications ................................................. 222
Communications Director ................................................................... 224
Communications Manager .................................................................. 225
Communications Specialist ................................................................. 226
Corporate Social Responsibility Manager ........................................... 227
Corporate Social Responsibility Specialist.......................................... 228
Public Relations Representative II, I ................................................... 229
iv
Public Relations Assistant ................................................................... 230

Investor Relations Specialist ............................................................... 231
Social Media Specialist ....................................................................... 232
Marketing ..................................................................................................... 234
Marketing Manager II ......................................................................... 236
Marketing Manager I........................................................................... 238
Market Research .................................................................................... 240
Market Research Manager .................................................................. 242
Market Analyst III ............................................................................... 243
Market Analyst II ................................................................................ 244
Market Analyst I ................................................................................. 245
Marketing Research Analyst II............................................................ 246
Marketing Research Analyst I ............................................................. 247
Brand/Product Management ................................................................. 248
Brand/Product Manager IV ................................................................. 250
Brand/Product Manager III ................................................................. 251
Brand/Product Manager II................................................................... 252
Brand/Product Manager I .................................................................... 253
Assistant Brand/Product Manager ....................................................... 254
Innovation Manager ............................................................................ 255
Trade Marketing .................................................................................... 256
Trade Marketing Manager ................................................................... 258
Assistant Trade Marketing Manager ................................................... 259
Pricing Manager .................................................................................. 260
Pricing Analyst .................................................................................... 261
Promotions and Advertising .................................................................. 262
Market Communications Manager ...................................................... 264
Promotions Manager ........................................................................... 265
Promotions Assistant........................................................................... 266
E-Commerce ........................................................................................... 268
E-Commerce Manager ........................................................................ 270
E-Commerce Product Manager ........................................................... 271
E-Commerce Analyst .......................................................................... 272
Category Management ................................................................................ 274
Category Management ........................................................................... 274
Category Manager IV .......................................................................... 276
Category Manager III, II, I .................................................................. 277
Category Analyst................................................................................. 278
Category Assistant .............................................................................. 279
Sales .............................................................................................................. 281
Sales Manager II ................................................................................. 283
Sales Manager I ................................................................................... 285
Support, Training and Sales Effectiveness ........................................... 287
Sales Plans and Programs Manager..................................................... 289
Sales Plans and Programs Specialist ................................................... 290
v
Sales Effectiveness Manager ............................................................... 291

Sales Effectiveness Analyst ................................................................ 292
Sales Training Manager ...................................................................... 293
Sales Trainer ....................................................................................... 294
Territory Sales ........................................................................................ 295
Regional Sales Manager ...................................................................... 297
Indirect Sales Manager / Channel Manager ........................................ 298
Area/District Sales Manager ............................................................... 299
Sales Representative V ........................................................................ 300
Sales Representative IV ...................................................................... 301
Sales Representative III, II .................................................................. 302
Sales Representative I ......................................................................... 303
Technical Pre-sales Representative / Sales Engineer .......................... 304
Merchandiser....................................................................................... 305
Key Account Sales .................................................................................. 307
Key Accounts General Manager ......................................................... 309
Key Accounts Manager II, I ................................................................ 310
Key Accounts Associate...................................................................... 311
Business Development Manager ......................................................... 312
Business Developer II ......................................................................... 313
Business Developer I........................................................................... 314
Bid and Proposal Manager .................................................................. 315
Customer Service ......................................................................................... 317
Technical ................................................................................................. 317
Technical Customer Service Manager................................................. 319
Technical Customer Service Team Leader .......................................... 320
Technical Customer Service Representative IV, III ............................ 321
Technical Customer Service Representative II, I ................................ 323
Non Technical ......................................................................................... 325
Customer Service Manager ................................................................. 327
Customer Service Team Leader .......................................................... 328
Customer Service Representative IV, III............................................. 329
Customer Service Representative II .................................................... 331
Customer Service Representative I ..................................................... 332
Call Center ................................................................................................... 333
Inbound and Outbound ......................................................................... 333
Call Center Manager ........................................................................... 335
Call Center Supervisor ........................................................................ 336
Call Center Specialist .......................................................................... 337
Operator III ......................................................................................... 338
Operator II........................................................................................... 339
Operator I ............................................................................................ 340
Project Management ................................................................................... 341
Project Management .............................................................................. 341
Projects Department Manager ............................................................. 343
vi
Project Leader ..................................................................................... 344

Project Manager IV, III, II .................................................................. 345
Project Manager I ................................................................................ 347
Project Analyst II ................................................................................ 348
Project Analyst I.................................................................................. 349
Product Development .................................................................................. 351
Product Development ............................................................................. 351
Product Development Manager ........................................................... 353
Packaging Manager ............................................................................. 354
Product Development Specialist II ...................................................... 355
Product Development Analyst............................................................. 356
Packaging Analyst............................................................................... 357
Product Development Specialist I ....................................................... 358
Research and Development ......................................................................... 359
Research and Development ................................................................... 359
Research and Development Manager .................................................. 361
Research and Development Supervisor ............................................... 362
Scientist/Researcher VII...................................................................... 363
Scientist/Researcher VI ....................................................................... 364
Scientist/Researcher V ........................................................................ 365
Scientist/Researcher IV ....................................................................... 366
Scientist/Researcher III ....................................................................... 367
Scientist/Researcher II ........................................................................ 368
Scientist/Researcher I .......................................................................... 369
Technician Supervisor......................................................................... 370
Researcher/Technician ........................................................................ 371
Laboratory Manager ............................................................................ 372
Laboratory Technician ........................................................................ 374
Engineering .................................................................................................. 375
General Engineers .................................................................................. 375
Engineering Manager .......................................................................... 377
Process Engineering Manager ............................................................. 378
Engineering Supervisor ....................................................................... 379
Engineer VII........................................................................................ 380
Engineer VI ......................................................................................... 381
Engineer V .......................................................................................... 382
Engineer IV ......................................................................................... 383
Engineer III ......................................................................................... 384
Engineer II .......................................................................................... 385
Engineer I ............................................................................................ 386
Engineering Technicians and Drafters ................................................. 387
Engineering Technician Supervisor .................................................... 389
Technologist/Technician VI ................................................................ 390
Technologist/Technician V ................................................................. 391
Technologist/Technician IV ................................................................ 392
vii
Technologist/Technician III ................................................................ 393

Technologist/Technician II ................................................................. 394
Technologist/Technician I ................................................................... 395
Design Drafter ..................................................................................... 396
Drafter ................................................................................................. 397
Electronic Technician II ...................................................................... 398
Electronic Technician I ....................................................................... 399
Logistics/Supply Chain ................................................................................ 401
Logistics and Supply Chain Manager II .............................................. 403
Logistics and Supply Chain Manager I ............................................... 404
Business Planning ................................................................................... 405
Demand and Supply Planning Director ............................................... 407
Demand and Supply Planning Manager .............................................. 408
Demand Planner .................................................................................. 409
Supply Planner .................................................................................... 410
Purchasing/Procurement ....................................................................... 412
Purchasing Manager ............................................................................ 414
Purchasing Agent ................................................................................ 415
Buyer II ............................................................................................... 416
Buyer I ................................................................................................ 417
Warehousing/Material Management .................................................... 418
Materials Manager .............................................................................. 420
Material Coordinator ........................................................................... 421
Warehouse Manager............................................................................ 422
Warehouse Supervisor ........................................................................ 423
Stock Clerk.......................................................................................... 424
Forklift Operator ................................................................................. 425
Distribution/Transportation .................................................................. 426
Transportation and Distribution Manager ........................................... 428
Logistics Specialist.............................................................................. 429
Traffic Manager .................................................................................. 430
Import/Export Manager ....................................................................... 431
Import/Export Supervisor.................................................................... 432
Import/Export Specialist ..................................................................... 433
Import/Export Clerk ............................................................................ 434
Dispatcher ........................................................................................... 435
Truck Driver........................................................................................ 436
Production .................................................................................................... 438
Production ............................................................................................... 438
Plant Manager ..................................................................................... 440
Superintendent/Production Manager ................................................... 441
General Supervisor II, I ....................................................................... 442
Unit Supervisor IV .............................................................................. 443
Production Control Manager ............................................................... 444
Production Planner .............................................................................. 445
Unit Supervisor III .............................................................................. 446
viii
Unit Supervisor II................................................................................ 447

Unit Supervisor I ................................................................................. 448
Production Control Manager ............................................................... 449
Production Planner .............................................................................. 450
Operator V / Control Panel Operator................................................... 451
Operator IV ......................................................................................... 452
Process Operator III ............................................................................ 453
Process Operator II.............................................................................. 454
Process Operator I ............................................................................... 455
Maintenance/Skilled Manual ................................................................. 456
Plant/Site Engineering and/or Maintenance Manager ......................... 458
Maintenance Superintendent II, I ........................................................ 459
General Maintenance Supervisor II, I ................................................. 461
Maintenance Unit Supervisor IV ......................................................... 462
Maintenance Unit Supervisor III ......................................................... 463
Maintenance Unit Supervisor II .......................................................... 464
Maintenance Unit Supervisor I............................................................ 465
Tool and Die Maker ............................................................................ 466
Maintenance Technician II .................................................................. 467
Maintenance Technician I ................................................................... 468
Maintenance Assistant ........................................................................ 469
Mechanical Technician II .................................................................... 470
Mechanical Technician I ..................................................................... 471
Mechanical Fitter ................................................................................ 472
Machinist............................................................................................. 473
Electrician II........................................................................................ 474
Electrician I ......................................................................................... 475
Electrician Assistant ............................................................................ 476
Welder ................................................................................................. 477
Plumber/Pipe Fitter ............................................................................. 478
Carpenter ............................................................................................. 479
Painter ................................................................................................. 480
Quality Assurance........................................................................................ 482
Quality Assurance .................................................................................. 482
Quality Assurance/Quality Control Manager II .................................. 484
Quality Assurance/Quality Control Manager I .................................... 485
Quality Assurance/Quality Control Supervisor ................................... 486
Quality Assurance/Quality Control Technician III.............................. 487
Quality Assurance/Quality Control Technician II ............................... 488
Quality Assurance/Quality Control Technician I ................................ 489
Process Optimalization / Sigma Belt Specialist................................... 490
Compliance/Audit................................................................................... 492
Compliance Manager .......................................................................... 494
Compliance Officer II ......................................................................... 495
Compliance Officer I........................................................................... 496
Operations Auditor .............................................................................. 497
ix
Health and Environment ............................................................................. 498

Health, Safety and Environmental Manager II .................................... 500
Health, Safety and Environmental Manager I ..................................... 502
Environmental Health ............................................................................ 504
Environmental Manager ...................................................................... 506
Environmental Professional IV ........................................................... 507
Environmental Professional III ........................................................... 508
Environmental Professional II ............................................................. 509
Environmental Professional I .............................................................. 510
Health and Safety ................................................................................... 512
Employee Health and Safety Manager ................................................ 514
Safety Professional IV......................................................................... 515
Safety Professional III ......................................................................... 516
Safety Professional II .......................................................................... 517
Safety Professional I ........................................................................... 518
Industrial Nurse II ............................................................................... 519
Industrial Nurse I ................................................................................ 520
Property Management................................................................................. 522
Real Estate .............................................................................................. 522
Real Estate Manager ........................................................................... 524
Real Estate Supervisor ........................................................................ 525
Real Estate Analyst ............................................................................. 526
Construction ........................................................................................... 528
Construction Manager ......................................................................... 530
Construction Site Manager .................................................................. 531
Construction Site Foreman .................................................................. 532
Facilities Management ........................................................................... 534
Facilities Maintenance Manager II, I................................................... 536
Facilities Maintenance Supervisor ...................................................... 537
Facilities Assistant II ........................................................................... 538
Facilities Assistant I ............................................................................ 539
Administration/Support/Service ................................................................. 540
Clerical Services ..................................................................................... 540
Office Manager III .............................................................................. 542
Office Manager II................................................................................ 543
Office Manager I ................................................................................. 544
Administrative Assistant II.................................................................. 545
Administrative Assistant I ................................................................... 546
General Clerk V .................................................................................. 547
General Clerk IV ................................................................................. 548
General Clerk III ................................................................................. 549
General Clerk II .................................................................................. 550
General Clerk I .................................................................................... 551
Secretarial ............................................................................................... 552
Secretary VI ........................................................................................ 554
Secretary V.......................................................................................... 555
x
Secretary IV ........................................................................................ 556

Secretary III ........................................................................................ 557
Secretary II .......................................................................................... 558
Secretary I ........................................................................................... 559
Support Services ..................................................................................... 560
Translator II ........................................................................................ 562
Translator I .......................................................................................... 563
Security Supervisor ............................................................................. 564
Armed Guard....................................................................................... 565
Watchman/Guard ................................................................................ 566
Chauffeur ............................................................................................ 567
Receptionist/Switchboard Operator II, I.............................................. 568
Groundskeeper .................................................................................... 569
Housekeeper ........................................................................................ 570
Document Production ............................................................................ 572
Desktop Publishing Supervisor ........................................................... 574
Desktop Publisher II............................................................................ 575
Desktop Publisher I ............................................................................. 576
Graphics Artist II ................................................................................ 577
Graphics Artist I .................................................................................. 578
Word Processing Operator III ............................................................. 579
Word Processing Operator II............................................................... 580
Word Processing Operator I ................................................................ 581
Executive Title Descriptions ....................................................................... 582
xi
Subfamilies and Codes

Finance and Accounting ............................................................... FA
Accounting ................................................................................... FAA
Controlling.................................................................................... FAG
Financial Planning and Analysis ................................................... FAD
Audit ............................................................................................. FAB
Taxation ........................................................................................ FAC
Treasury ........................................................................................ FAF
Information Technology / Internet-Based Technology ................IT
Application Development .............................................................. ITA
Infrastructure Development ........................................................... ITB
Technical Operations and End User Support ................................. ITC
Data Management and Security ..................................................... ITD
Service Level and Process Management .........................................ITE
IT Consultancy ............................................................................... ITF
Internet-Based Services and Support ............................................. ITG
Human Resources ......................................................................... HR
HR Generalist .............................................................................. HRA
Training and Development ........................................................... HRB
Compensation and Benefits .......................................................... HRC
Recruitment and Organizational Development ............................ HRD
Employee Relations ...................................................................... HRE
Legal .............................................................................................. LG
Paralegal ....................................................................................... LGA
Professional Lawyers .................................................................... LGB
Corporate Affairs ......................................................................... CA
Government Relations ................................................................. CAA
Regulatory and Registration ......................................................... CAB
Public Relations and Communications ......................................... CAC
Marketing ..................................................................................... MK
Market Research ..........................................................................MKA
Brand/Product Management ........................................................ MKB
Trade Marketing .......................................................................... MKC
Promotions and Advertising ........................................................MKD
E-Commerce ................................................................................ MKE
Category Management ................................................................ CM
Category Management ................................................................. CMA
Sales ................................................................................................ SL
Support, Training and Sales Effectiveness ................................... SLA
1
Territory Sales .............................................................................. SLB

Key Account Sales........................................................................ SLC
Customer Service ........................................................................... CS
Technical ...................................................................................... CSA
Non-Technical .............................................................................. CSB
Call Center .................................................................................... CC
Inbound and Outbound ................................................................. CCH
Project Management ....................................................................PM
Project Management .................................................................... PMA
Product Development ................................................................... PV
Product Development ................................................................... PVA
Research and Development .......................................................... RD
Research and Development ......................................................... RDA
Engineering ................................................................................... EG
General Engineers......................................................................... EGA
Engineering Technicians and Drafters .......................................... EGB
Logistics/Supply Chain .................................................................. LS
Purchasing/Procurement ............................................................... LSA
Warehousing/Material Management ............................................. LSB
Distribution/Transportation .......................................................... LSC
Business Planning ......................................................................... LSD
Production ..................................................................................... PR
Production..................................................................................... PRA
Maintenance/Skilled Manual ........................................................ PRB
Quality Assurance......................................................................... QA
Quality Assurance........................................................................ QAA
Compliance/Audit ........................................................................ QAB
Health and Environment .............................................................. HE
Environmental Health ................................................................... HEA
Health and Safety.......................................................................... HEB
Property Management................................................................... PT
Real Estate .................................................................................... PTA
Construction ................................................................................. PTC
Facilities Management .................................................................. PTB
Administration/Support/Service ................................................... AS
Clerical Services ........................................................................... ASA
2
Secretarial ..................................................................................... ASB

Support Services ........................................................................... ASC
Document Production ................................................................... ASD
Finance and Accounting
This page left blank intentionally
Family: Finance and Accounting (FA)

Function: Spanning (FAZ)
Finance Manager II
Position Number: 1732
Reference Level: 19
General Characteristics
Manages and coordinates the company's financial function across sub-functions
such as accounting, cost management, budgeting, finance, audit, credit,
collections, and tax to meet companys business requirements.
This is the top finance position for a specific location but is governed by
policies and frameworks established by the larger corporation.
Representative Activities
Working within corporate strategies and policy frameworks, designs,

proposes and implements financial strategies, guidelines and procedures
within broad principles and policies set by the organization to meet
finance requirements supporting short and long-term business needs.
Oversees maintenance of the organization's general ledger and related

accounting practices, including payables, receivables, inventories, fixed
assets, and payrolls.
Oversees all company-wide budgeting, financial planning, control, and

reporting policies and practices.
Provides economic analyses, studies, and counsel on all matters of

potentially significant financial impact to the company, including
economic/competitive trends, pricing, cash flow, product line evaluation,
and capital additions.
Ensures compliance of the organizations practices with applicable

legislation and tax authorities.
Manages and motivates subordinate staff; reviews and assesses

performance, builds employee capacity, supports their professional
development and enables employees to optimize their contribution to the
department.
Scope Variants
Reference Level 20
Reference Level 19
Reference Level 18
Companys >150 million USD

revenue
50 - 150 million USD
< 50 million USD
Size of
team:
Team of 10 to 30
professional staff
members is common.
Team of up to 10
professional staff
members is common.
Team of more than 30 professional

staff members including sub-team
leaders or supervisors is common.

Function: Spanning (FAZ)
Finance Manager I
Reference Level: 17
Manages and coordinates company's financial function including general
accounting, cost management, budgeting, and payroll in accordance with
corporate policies and procedures to meet companys business requirements.
This is the top finance position for a specific location but is governed by
policies and frameworks established by the larger corporation.
Implements and administers established accounting and controlling

policies, procedures, and practices to meet finance requirements
supporting short and long-term business needs.
Ensures maintenance of general accounting, cost accounting, payroll,

payables, and receivables.
Oversees the preparation of budgets and forecasts.
Ensures accurate and timely recording and reporting of operating results.
Provides financial analysis, interpretation of variances from budgets and

standards, and advice to management.
Maintains balances at local banks.
Manages, motivates and assesses performance of a small team of

accountants and financial analysts.

Accounting

Function: Accounting (FAA)
General Accounting Manager

Reference Level: 19
Oversees maintenance of the organization's general ledger and related
accounting practices, including payables, receivables, inventories, fixed assets,
and payrolls, where accounting activities are centralized. Manages other
managers or supervisors. Typically requires the equivalent of professional
training in accounting and progressive experience in several areas of
accounting.
Assures that accounting records are prepared and maintained in

accordance with the organization's accounting policies, chart of accounts,
and related accounting principles and practices, and that subordinate
ledgers reconcile with the general ledger.
Prescribes methods of providing accounting data for various non-standard

reports and statements.
Interprets for all decentralized components of the accounting function, the

organization's general accounting systems and procedures, including those
for accounts receivable and payroll.
Directs maintenance of fixed asset records and related depreciation

accounts, and provides interpretative assistance as to the proper
capitalization/expensing of outlays, grouping of fixed assets by class, and
depreciation methodology.
Collaborates with management to develop schedules, procedures, and

systems to enable the timely and informative accumulation, adjustment,
and reporting of financial data.
10

Accounting Supervisor II
Reference Level: 17
Provides day-to-day administrative and technical supervision to a small group
of professional accountants and clerical personnel for a specific segment of
accounting activity. This is the first level of supervision where the incumbent
has both administrative and technical responsibility for staff. The area will
tend to be specialized (e.g., general ledger, sales budgets) for a larger
organization or general accounting for a sub-unit (e.g., plant) or small
organization. Overall accounting policies have been prescribed but there is
latitude for procedural variation. Has a thorough knowledge of the
organization's systems and can modify or develop new procedures to meet
specialized needs.
Makes work assignments, schedules, and reviews work in progress.
Handles personnel actions including performance reviews, salary

recommendations, and coordination of training and development.
Recommends modifications to standard procedures.
Participates in determining the proper accounting treatment of complex or

unusual transactions.
Assures adequate documentation/support of transactions and reports.
Supervises preparation of and approves reports.
11

Accounting Supervisor I
Reference Level: 14
Provides day-to-day supervision of a small group of clerical personnel for a
specific segment of accounting activity. This is a first level of supervision
where the incumbent has administrative responsibility for staff. The area will
tend to be specialized (e.g., accounts payable, receivable, plant payroll).
Overall accounting policies and procedures have been prescribed but there is
some latitude for procedural variation.
Performs the more complex general and cost accounting activities (e.g.,
troubleshooting).
Makes work assignments, schedules, and reviews work in progress.
Ensures timely consolidation of balance sheets, profit and loss, etc.
Ensures that accounting activities are performed according to legislation.
Handles personnel actions including performance reviews and salary

recommendations.
Improves and/or modifies standard procedures.
Assures adequate documentation/support of transactions and reports.
12

Accountant V
Reference Level: 17
This is the specialist level of professional typically found in organizations with
more than $500 million in annual expenses. Represents a very high level of
individual professional contribution and usually regarded as an expert in an
area. May lead a small team.
Performs advanced or specialized work that requires comprehensive

knowledge of accounting theory and principles and above average
seasoning.
Develops non-standard reports and statements.
Often provides work direction to others.
May design accounting information systems to facilitate analysis.
Provides leadership as a technical advisor, rather than through a direct

supervisory role.
13

Accountant IV
Reference Level: 16
This is the advanced or technical lead level of professional. Has a thorough
knowledge of the organization's systems and can modify or develop new
procedures to meet specialized needs.
Performs advanced or specialized work that requires comprehensive

knowledge of accounting theory and principles and above average
seasoning.
Develops non-standard reports and statements.
Often provides work direction to others.
May design accounting information systems to facilitate analysis.
14

Accountant III
Reference Level: 15
Performs professional accounting work involving compilation, consolidation,
and analysis of financial data. May include any or all of the following: ledgers
and preparation of journal entries, fixed asset or inventory accounting,
preparation of trial balance or financial statements, cost accounting, bank
account reconciliation. This is the third progression for the holder of a degree
in accounting, equivalent to a middle-level Accountant Professional. Has a
good knowledge of the organization's existing systems and the ability to handle
most standard issues independently.
Performs general or cost accounting activities requiring some insight and

depth of understanding.
Applies accounting techniques and standard practices to the classification

and recording of financial transactions.
Specifics of job content will vary from preparing journal entries and
checking supporting entries, to carrying out well-defined steps in cost
accounting analysis.
Drafts segments of statements and reports.
Begins to handle assignments involving analysis of data.
Work is generally reviewed at completion for accuracy and soundness.
May prepare or significantly contribute to preparation of a variety of

reasonably standard, periodic "intermediate" or "end products," such as
cost reports, trial balances, balance sheets, profit-and-loss statements or
statements of sourcing and application of funds.
As requested, prepares appropriate commentary or explanations relating to

report items of particular interest or significance; may use some judgment
as to what is of interest. Conducts any pertinent investigation of the
accounts involved.
May contact operating or staff personnel for the purpose of supplying or

explaining data, securing information or describing additional data which
could be made available; may furnish limited advice on accounting
matters, especially where based on well-established principles and
practices.
15

Accountant II
Reference Level: 14
Performs professional accounting work involving compilation, consolidation,
and analysis of financial data. May include any or all of the following: ledgers
and preparation of journal entries, fixed asset or inventory accounting,
preparation of trial balance or financial statements, cost accounting, bank
account reconciliation.
This is the novice level, or second progression for the holder of a degree in
accounting. Typically requires one to two years of experience within the
accounting function, making this a contributing rather than a training position.


Drafts segments of statements and reports.
Begins to handle assignments involving analysis of data.
Work is generally reviewed at completion for accuracy and soundness.
16

Accountant I
Reference Level: 13
This is a basic accounting position typically occupied by a recent graduate or a
longer-term employee who has risen through the bookkeeping ranks. This is
the first level of position requiring an understanding of accounting
fundamentals and principles, as well as good practice required for bookkeeping.
Incumbents are still learning and training at this level.


Work is well-defined with review in progress, as well as at completion, for

accuracy and soundness.
17

Payroll Manager
Reference Level: 15
Responsible for policy development and management of all payroll related
functions to ensure proper set-up, processing, and generation of the company
payroll. Has competency in HRIS and its applications.
Manages a payroll team from both an administrative and technical

perspective.
Responsible for companys payroll policy development and set-up.
Manages the processing of payroll data from a team of Payroll

Accountants.
Provides input from a technical point of view on selection of payroll

software.
Responsible for calculating the effect of changes in the employee

population or changes in laws and by-laws.
Ensures the computing, withholding, and calculating of deductions

associated with net pay is done properly, including federal and state
withholding and unemployment insurances, as well as direct deposit
information.
Ensures calculations of gross to net payments of expenses related to

relocation and expatriation.
Responsible for entering and maintaining all payroll journal entries to the
general ledger and reconciliation of the payroll bank account.
Communicates with employees with regards to individual salary and

deduction considerations.
Creates analytical reports for corporate and regional management.
Established expertise in the field and provides counsel and advisory to

management.
18

Payroll Coordinator
Reference Level: 12
Performs varied payroll and clerical duties under direct supervision of Payroll
Manager. Assigned tasks which require initiative, organization, and
independent judgment in solving routine problems.
19

Payroll Clerk II
Reference Level: 11
Similar in responsibilities to Payroll Clerk I. Performs duties necessary for the
calculation of accurate wages and salaries of employees. Typically requires
detailed knowledge of procedures covering multiple payrolls which require
different deduction and tax treatment.
20

Payroll Clerk I
Reference Level: 10
Performs routine duties necessary for the calculation of accurate wages and
salaries of employees. Has detailed knowledge of procedures covering
payrolls, which require some variations in deduction and tax treatment. While
the position is structured to operate with minimum supervision, non-routine
problems that arise are referred upwards. All calculations are subject to
periodic checks by a supervisor and outside auditors.
Determines time worked from time sheets and verifies proper

authorizations.
Calculates payrolls, including standard deductions and taxes and/or

prepares payroll data for machine processing, often against tight deadlines.
Posts payroll data on payroll sheets or terminals, showing all necessary

information (e.g., names, working days, time, rate, deductions, etc.).
Answers routine payroll questions or collects factual data so that others

can supply answers.
Assists more experienced personnel in calculation of special payments or

preparation of reports.
21

Accounting Clerk IV
Reference Level: 11
Operates as a senior accounting clerk undertaking the more technical clerical
accounting operations related to a specific accounting function. May have
responsibility for the instruction and guidance of other accounting clerks
engaged in routine work. Requires considerable accounting experience and a
thorough understanding of accounting techniques as they apply to the activities
of the section/department.
Prepares reports from statistical and financial data to ensure management

receives appropriate information in an accurate and timely manner.
Maintains ledgers, statements, and accounts within established procedures,

taking appropriate action to secure or make payments, resolve
discrepancies, etc.
Troubleshoots and handles the more technical aspects of work handled by

less senior clerks.
Deals with external customers/suppliers in order to resolve non-routine

queries and problems.
Likely to provide technical guidance and assistance in the training of less

senior accounting clerks.
22

Accounting Clerk III

Reference Level: 10
Undertakes a range of specialized accounting clerical duties within a specific
function. This is an experienced accounting clerk with a sound knowledge of
book-keeping/accounting techniques, as may apply to the job. Has the ability
to arrive at conclusions and follow the most appropriate course of action,
within procedure constraints.
Analyzes data from statements, ledgers, accounts, etc.
Identifies and undertakes initial investigation of variances against budgets

and standards.
Collates and extracts data and produces routine reports, schedules,

summaries, and letters for customers and suppliers.
May deal with customers and suppliers on the telephone to exchange

information and clarify facts.
May provide ad-hoc analyses and summaries of information as requested.
May provide technical guidance and assist in the initial training of less
senior accounts clerks.
23

Accounting Clerk II
Reference Level: 9
Carries out routine accounting clerical duties associated with a specific
accounting function. Closely supervised, but able to organize own work to
meet priorities and achieve deadlines. Non-routine items will involve a
supervisor or more senior clerk. Typically requires some office experience and
a good understanding of the procedures related to the job and how they fit the
overall functioning of the department.
Processes payments, invoices, vouchers, etc. within closely defined

procedures.
Verifies calculations, checks or allocates codes, and checks or obtains

information for incorrect or incomplete documents.
Scans statements, ledgers, and accounts to identify unusual/overdue items

and selects the correct procedure for action, referring more complex items
to a supervisor or senior clerk.
Prepares and/or verifies computer input where information is coded for

computer processing.
Investigates statements, ledgers, and records in order to establish the facts

required to deal with queries raised by suppliers, customers, and others in
the department.
May prepare ad-hoc information and statistical breakdowns as directed,

from readily available sources.
May raise standard letters in response to queries.
May have limited telephone contact with customers and suppliers to

exchange information.
24

Accounting Clerk I
Reference Level: 8
Performs basic manual or computer related accounting tasks, typically within a
sub-section of the accounting function. This is a junior accounting clerical
position that could be entry-level, or require a modest amount of previous
clerical experience. Minimal work organization is required to meet deadlines
and non-standard situations are referred to a supervisor or more senior clerk.
Typically requires familiarity with routine clerical procedures appropriate to
the job and good numeric skills, but does not require knowledge of accounting
or bookkeeping.
Processes payments, invoices, and vouchers in accordance with standard

routine(s), checking for completeness and obvious errors.
Extracts specified information or adds appropriate standard coding and

attachments to documents.
Compiles simple summaries of information relating to documents

processed.
Locates and extracts information from files and records as requested.
May perform simple addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division

manually or using a calculator.
May assist more senior clerks under close supervision.
25
26

Controlling
27
28

Function: Controlling (FAG)
Financial Controller II
Reference Level: 19
Manages the financial controlling function in accordance with corporate
policies and procedures. Ensures development and implementation of financial
controlling standards and processes.
Typically is responsible for a large companys subsidiary or several smaller
subsidiaries. Manages a medium size team of and financial analysts.
Oversees all areas of financial controlling such as general accounting, cost

accounting, payroll, payables, and receivables.
Selects, develops, and assesses the suitability of processes, formats, and

frequency of financial controlling and information collection, collation,
and reporting.
Contributes to the selection of the different parameters used to develop

operating and investment budgets (standard costs, activity indicators,
economic background, etc.)
Liaises with units managers to validate the budgets and submits these to
general management.
Reviews financial control documentation and provides reports for senior

management.
Provides insight into the reasons for gaps between achievements and
budget forecasts, and recommends corrective measures.
Responds appropriately to management queries in relation to the financial

control environment.
29

Financial Controller I
Reference Level: 18
Manages consistent financial planning, forecasting, analysis and reporting
activities to ensure consolidated reporting to support companys management
in business decision making.
Manages companys budget including revenue/direct margin, EBITDA or

CAPEX level and drives the yearly budget exercise and forecast with line
management.
Reports variances of revenue, OPEX, direct margin or investment/contract

to provide an accurate financial situation with identification of risk and
opportunity.
Analyzes, recommends and approves investment or profitability for

complex files or projects (e.g. infrastructure, new products, and
promotions) and selects those that support companys strategy and
optimize its commercial position.
Develops financial plans, organizes product structure in a business logic

way and supports/advises in decision making, investment and customer
offers.
Initiates, coordinates and tracks financial processes improvements and

ensures the respect for financial standards and best practices.

department.
30

Management Controller
Reference Level: 17
Supervises all financial controlling activities for a single cost center, such as a
plant, in accordance with corporate and division policies and procedures.
Contributes to policy development in the area of financial controlling.
Participates in the management team decision making process and has an

influence on investment decisions.
Involved in the customizing of policies, procedures, and practices.
Conducts analyses and provides recommendations for improvement in

both the efficiency and efficacy of the plant operations.
Implements and administers established financial controlling policies,

procedures, and practices.
Ensures accurate and timely recording and reporting of operating results.
Provides financial analysis, interpretation of variances from budgets and

standards, and advice to management.
Oversees the preparation of budgets and forecasts.
Ensures maintenance of general accounting, cost accounting, payroll,

payables, and receivables.
Maintains balances at local banks.
Manages a small team of accountants and financial analysts, consisting of

up to ten people.
Scope Variants
Operating Budget
($ Million):
Reference Level 18
Reference Level 17
Reference Level 16
>$30
$10-$30
<$10
31

Controller Assistant I, II
Position Number
1955
8834
Reference Level
14
15
Supports the financial controlling department with economic and financial
analysis necessary for the operational and strategic management of the
company, or the business unit.
Prepares financial analysis, reports, and budget forecasts.
Assists in the companys monthly and yearly closing.
Contributes to the design and management of the budget process.
Prevents inaccuracies in financial statements by setting up internal control

systems and adopting proper policies for financial reporting.
Reviews financial data periodically to ensure fairness and completeness of

the data.
Assisting in special projects whenever asked.
Scope Variants
Complexity of
work
I
Reference Level 14
II
Reference Level 15
Standardized
analysis
Complex analysis
with insight
32
33

Financial Planning and Analysis
34
35

Function: Financial Planning and Analysis (FAD)
Financial Planning Manager

Reference Level: 20
Provides economic analyses, studies, and counsel on all matters of potentially
significant financial impact to the company, including economic/competitive
trends, pricing, cash flow, product line evaluation, and capital additions.
Develops long-range budgets and other projective guidelines and measures.
This is a high-level analytical position, combining a thorough knowledge of
accounting and finance issues with business sense.
Analyzes and reports external economic trends, including effects of

government legislation, and appraises financial effect on the company.
Prepares long-term profit/loss forecasts to facilitate management review of

capital appropriations, expansion strategies, product line changes, etc.
Evaluates and provides recommendations for pricing practices, and

reviews significant pricing decisions for economic soundness.
Leads special projects such as the economic evaluation of divestitures or

acquisitions, financial effectiveness of internal operations, and
product/profit performance.
36

Financial Sub-Section Manager

Reference Level: 19
Formulates, provides advice on, and assures effective implementation of policy,
practices, procedures, and systems in the areas of credit, statements,
consolidation, and financial planning. Provides analyses, studies, and counsel.
This is a high-level expert with a thorough understanding of industry practices,
the organization's needs, general business conditions, tax codes and their
application, accounting principles and practices, and finance.
Formulates and assures effective implementation of organization-wide

credit and collection policies, procedures, and standards.
Monitors execution, including credit lines established for customers and

status of accounts receivable.
Prepares statements reporting the financial position and results of the

organization to management, the Board of Directors, shareholders, and
regulatory agencies.
Provides authoritative counsel on proper accounting principles,

procedures, systems, and practices.
Prepares and files consolidated tax returns, monitoring returns prepared on

behalf of, or by divisions or subsidiaries.
Provides counsel and coordinates tax matters.
Provides economic analyses, studies, and counsel on all matters of

potentially significant financial impact to the organization and develops
long-range budgets and other projective guidelines and measures.
37

Credit Manager
Reference Level: 19
Formulates and assures effective implementation of corporate-wide credit and
collection policies, procedures, and standards. Monitors execution, including
credit lines established for customers and status of accounts receivable. This is
the top expert on credit policy. Typically requires a thorough understanding of
industry practices, the organization's needs, and general business conditions.
(The presence of this position will depend on the nature of the organization and
its market.)
Formulates and recommends general credit and collection policies and

assures adherence to accepted standards.
Participates and/or reviews major lease/purchase or conditional sales

contract proposals.
Hears appeals on credit decisions.
Maintains frequent liaison with marketing/sales function.
Approves terms of settlement involving delinquent accounts when

situations deviate from established parameters.
Manages all situations involving bankruptcy or the apparent need for legal
proceeds.
38

Credit Analyst/Representative II
Reference Level: 17
Ensures the correct management of the credit policy. Accountable for a
customer group or area and reports to the credit manager in a medium-sized or
large company. In a small company, this position may be the credit manager
and report to the finance and administration manager.
Contributes to and/or reviews major lease/purchase or conditional sales

contract proposals.
Maintains frequent liaison with marketing/sales function.
Supports management in approving terms of settlement involving

delinquent accounts when situations deviate from established parameters.
Manages all situations involving bankruptcy or the apparent need for legal
proceeds as requested.
39

Credit Analyst/Representative I
Reference Level: 14
Ensures the correct management of the credit policy. This is a seasoned,
individual contributor analyst, typically assigned to a geographic area or
product line. In a smaller organization, this may be the only professional
position handling credit, but the incumbent would not be a policy maker.
Conducts credit investigations of existing and new customers and

establishes credit limits.
Approves credit extension within established guidelines.
Monitors collections and contacts delinquent customers to resolve issues

within established guidelines.
Recommends action on delinquent accounts.
May participate in discussions to provide special financing arrangements

or work out delinquencies.
40

Risk Manager
Reference Level: 19
Advises on any potential risks to the profitability or existence of the company.
Identifies and assesses threats, puts plans in place for if things go wrong and
decides how to avoid, reduce or transfer risks. May specialize in a number of
areas including enterprise risk, corporate governance, regulatory and
operational risk, business continuity, information and security risk, technology
risk, and market and credit risk.
Plans, designs and implements an overall risk management process

for the organization.
Assesses risk by identifying, analyzing, describing, and estimating

the risks affecting the business.
Evaluates risk by comparing estimated risks with criteria established

by the organization such as costs, legal requirements and
environmental factors, and evaluating the organizations previous
handling of risks.
Reports risk to various stakeholders e.g. to the board of directors,

business heads, individuals.
Carries out processes such as purchasing insurance, implementing

health and safety measures, and making business continuity plans.
Conducts audits of policy and compliance to standards, including

liaison with internal and external auditors.
Provides support, education and training to staff to build risk

awareness within the organization.
41

Financial Analyst IV
Reference Level: 18
Undertakes complex and critical economic/financial research, using
considerable latitude in approach and analysis. Interprets results and provides
alternatives for further consideration.
Provides guidelines for standard cost approaches used in business

decisions and establishes and monitors cost reduction programs.
Provides direction to functional counterparts in operating units as required,

and to operating and senior management on matters involving cost
determination problems, or issues such as inventory valuation, distribution
of overhead, treatment of joint costs, and product pricing.
Conducts special studies and analyses such as determination of work-inhouse, or subcontract and cost impact of proposed facilities or processes.
Identifies and investigates issues related to assigned projects, determines

scope, and selects approach from the accepted methodology or
recommended alternatives.
Defines assumptions for the quantification and analysis of investments,

acquisitions or divestitures.
Participates in the development of long-range financial forecasts and

related budgets, considering alternative scenarios and economic prospects
as appropriate.
Prepares and presents interpretation of findings and submits for review.
May participate in the development and implementation of consequent

financial strategies or tactics.
May supervise and train less experienced analysts.
42

Financial Analyst III

Reference Level: 17
Performs economic/financial research and analyses as assigned for use in the
development of business strategies and tactics and in subsequent appraisal of
results. Prepares statistical studies and economic forecasts of business
conditions and trends and draws relevant conclusions.
Provides guidelines for standard cost approaches used in business

decisions and establishes and monitors cost reduction programs.
Provides direction to functional counterparts in operating units as required,

and to operating and senior management on matters involving cost
determination problems, or issues such as inventory valuation, distribution
of overhead, treatment of joint costs and product pricing.
Conducts special studies and analyses such as determination of work-inhouse, or subcontract and cost impact of proposed facilities or processes.
Identifies and investigates issues related to assigned projects, determines

scope, and selects approach from the accepted methodology or
recommended alternatives.
Defines assumptions for the quantification and analysis of investments,

acquisitions or divestitures.
Participates in the development of long-range financial forecasts and

as appropriate.
Submits findings and interpretations for review.
43

Financial Analyst II
Reference Level: 16
Prepares statistical studies and economic forecasts of business conditions and
trends and draws relevant conclusions as requested. Has excellent theoretical
and practical knowledge of different financial and analytical techniques, and
the capability to plan own work and respect deadlines. Typically requires an
advanced degree and two or three years of accounting experience.
Independently establishes regular monthly, quarterly, and annual financial

results, prepares ad-hoc financial estimates, budgets, and analyses, and
ensures that they are all analyzed, commented, and reported according to
the instructions received from financial management and external
authorities.
Proposes improvements to systems and methods of work and analysis, and

contributes to ensuring that they are continuously adapted to business
requirements.
Provides input to the development of long-range financial forecasts and

as appropriate.
May train less experienced analysts.
Submits findings and interpretations for review.
44

Financial Analyst I
Reference Level: 15
Assists in preparing economic/financial research and analysis for use in the
development of business strategies and tactics. Works under direct supervision
on routine but productive assignments. This is an entry-level analyst.
Typically requires an advanced degree or some accounting experience.
Researches background materials, including relevant economic and

financial data.
Quantifies the financial impact of the opportunity or issue involved,

including likely returns on investments or payback period for proposed
capital expenditures, new products or other investments.
Assists in the development of long-range financial forecasts and related

budgets, and in the preparation of reports.
45
46

Audit
47
48

Function: Audit (FAB)
Audit Manager
Reference Level: 19
Directs and manages operational and financial audits at headquarters and/or
field locations. Plans and schedules audits, staffs and coordinates audit teams,
and establishes work standards and procedures for the inspection and appraisal
of financial and operational records and controls. Typically requires a thorough
knowledge of the organization's audit systems, as well as up-to-date technical
expertise and substantial experience in audit practices.
Selects, develops, and assesses the suitability of processes, formats, and

frequency of audit and risk information collection, collation, and
reporting.
Monitors audit engagements, ensuring proper coverage and appreciation

of auditing principles and practice.
Reviews audit documentation and reviews and/or prepares reports for

senior management.
Recommends revisions to auditing policies, procedures, and programs. At

the highest levels, this position may have a greater role in establishing
such policies, procedures, and programs.
Provides organizational awareness and technical expertise in sensitive or

complex audit engagements.
Responds appropriately to management queries in relation to the internal

control environment.
Communicates and provides training in risk management and assurance

within the organization.
Interprets regulations in order to devise the most effective implementation.
Where necessary, carries out investigations of alleged financial

mismanagement, loss of assets or other irregularities.
49

Auditor III
Reference Level: 16
Performs complex financial and/or management audits in designated areas of
the organization to identify, resolve, and/or recommend solutions to
management control problems. May serve as the project leader on standard
audits, the senior member of large-scale audits or conduct complex audits
independently.
Conducts audits in accordance with audit guidelines and departmental

standards and tests the financial and budgetary controls, documenting any
weaknesses.
Outlines task schedules which comply with general audit program

guidelines.
Ensures that correct procedures are followed and that documentation and
transmittal letters are prepared in accordance with departmental standards.
Provides ad-hoc advice to help departments achieve compliance.
Supports audit managers in responding to management queries regarding

the internal control environment, and in carrying out investigations of
alleged financial mismanagement, loss of assets or other irregularities.
May make recommendations on audit systems and software and assist in

the trial, implementation, and training.
May lead exit conferences depending on the scope, complexity, and

sensitivity of the audit findings.
May be involved in implementation of audit recommendations.
50

Auditor II
Reference Level: 15
Performs standard management and financial audits to identify exceptions to
operating procedures and standards, and develops specific solutions or
recommendations. Under the direction of a more senior auditor or project
leader, participates in complex audit programs and may perform routine
assignments independently. Has knowledge of accounting, computer systems,
and general business operations. Typically requires a degree or equivalent,
plus one to three years of auditing experience, preferably in a financial
institution.
Follows all procedures outlined in the audit program and conducts more
thorough analyses as problems arise.
Carries out documentation according to departmental standards.
May participate in exit conferences.
May be involved in implementation of audit recommendations.
51

Auditor I
Reference Level: 14
Performs specific audit procedures on moderately complex financial audits to
identify procedural exceptions and probable reasons for their occurrence.
Works under specific direction of more senior auditors and project leaders.
Typically requires a degree in accounting or a business-related field or
equivalent, and up to one year of auditing experience.
Follows established audit schedules and procedures on assignments which

require basic understanding of accounting principles, control procedures,
and audit techniques.
Contributes to documentation according to departmental standards.
May be asked to propose solutions to correct any identified procedural

exceptions.
52
53

Taxation
54
55

Function: Taxation (FAC)
Tax Manager
Reference Level: 19
Manages a team handling specialty tax areas, responsible for the provision of
sound professional advice to management on all tax matters within the relevant
discipline. This is a technical expert in tax codes, with a deep understanding of
company tax and tax law, and their application to the organization's business.
Degree of supervision will depend on overall objectives, issues, and policy
matters. Typically requires professional accounting qualifications, with
professional tax qualifications desirable.
Contributes to taxation strategy, implementing the strategy to maximize

opportunities while minimizing tax risk.
Monitors the organizations tax structure, making recommendations for

changes to optimize the tax position.
Analyzes new or changed tax legislation/accounting standards to

understand the impact on the organization.
Oversees tax activities and reporting to ensure statutory and effective

taxation can be reconciled, audit requirements satisfied, and relevant
changes in tax rules taken into account.
Serves as principal contact for negotiations with revenue auditors and

government revenue agencies.
Directs and coordinates departments work.
Maintains supporting accounts and records, interacting with and advising

other corporate departments and subsidiaries.
Coordinates tax issues for litigation/briefing.
Prepares and presents tax information to senior management for

reconciliation and approval.
56

Tax Accountant III

Reference Level: 17
Plans and manages the completion of tax forecasts and related exercises.
Ensures the maintenance of accurate records and provides advice to
management on related matters. Works independently on most assignments,
but receives technical guidance on unusual problems and needs approval on
proposed plans for projects. May supervise a small team of one to three junior
taxation staff members on assigned work. Typically requires a degree or
equivalent with professional accounting and/or tax qualifications.
Supervises the timely provision of tax information requested by

management.
Ensures a broad knowledge of current tax regulations, providing advice to

the organization as required.
Supervises staff and manages their work on specific projects, having first
obtained instructions concerning organizational requirements.
Assists in vetting the more straight-forward of the organizations tax

documents for acceptable, correct wording.
Attends internal management meetings on a regular basis.
May deal with straightforward queries from governmental revenue

agencies.
57

Tax Accountant II
Reference Level: 16
Performs a full range of taxation work under readily available direction, but
involved in some complex assignments for which there may be no precedents.
May specialize in various aspects of tax accounting, such as laws applying to a
particular sector or industry.
Coordinates the preparation of tax returns, examines accounts, and

calculates taxes owed according to prescribed rates, laws, and regulations
by required deadlines.
Independently researches and analyzes key issues to assist more senior

staff in the taxation department.
Ensures all expenditures are accurately recorded and reported to control

the organizations budgeted commitments.
Leads a variety of assignments, clarifying objectives for subordinates and

determining the principles and techniques to be employed
Provides financial accounting staff with technical tax advice and

assistance in tax matters as necessary.
Prepares and carries out initial investigations into tax issues.
Prepares reports and studies for management as requested.
Corresponds and negotiates with governmental revenue agencies at a

tactical level.
58

Tax Accountant I
Reference Level: 15
Provides general assistance to taxation specialists in tasks with relatively few
complex features, for which there are precedents. May assist in supervising a
small team responsible for the provision of tax research for management.
Typically a partially qualified or newly qualified tax specialist.
Independently researches and analyzes key issues to assist more senior

staff in the taxation department.
Ensures all expenditures are accurately recorded and reported to control

the organizations budgeted commitments.
Undertakes a variety of assignments which have clear and specified

objectives, requiring knowledge of principles and techniques commonly
employed, e.g. coordinating and providing financial and operating
information for compilation of tax returns.
Coordinates and completes various tax returns by required deadlines.
Provides financial accounting staff with technical tax advice and

assistance in tax matters as necessary.
Prepares and carries out initial investigations into tax issues.
Prepares reports and studies for management as requested.
59

Tax Analyst II
Reference Level: 14
Provides analytical support and assistance within a taxation department as
assigned. May provide guidance to more junior staff.
Under general supervision, completes tax provisions, computations, and

statutory returns, and handles straightforward correspondence with
external revenue bodies.
Prepares and submits standard tax returns, assisting in the preparation of

more complex computations and information for published accounts and
forecasts.
Performs research for more senior members of the department/company in

a wide range of tax specialties.
Provides general assistance to the companys tax specialists involved in a

variety of taxation work, including research and analysis of key issues.
Prepares and carries out initial investigations into tax issues under general
supervision.
Contributes to preparation of reports and studies for management attention

as requested.
Responds to straightforward correspondence with governmental revenue

bodies under little or no supervision.
60

Tax Analyst I
Reference Level: 13
Provides analytical technical support to staff within a taxation department as
assigned, generally assisting taxation specialists as required. This is an entry
level professional, typically a recent graduate or equivalent, working towards a
professional accounting/tax qualification.
Under general supervision, completes tax provisions, computations, and

statutory returns, and handles straightforward correspondence with
external revenue bodies.
Prepares and submits standard tax returns, assisting in the preparation of

more complex computations and information for published accounts and
forecasts.
Performs research for more senior members of the department/company in

a wide range of tax specialties.
Provides general assistance to the companys tax specialists involved in a

variety of taxation work, including research and analysis of key issues.
Assists in the preparation and initial investigations into tax issues.
Contributes to preparation of reports and studies for management attention

as requested.
61
62

Treasury
63
64

Function: Treasury (FAF)
Treasury Manager
Reference Level: 18
Ensures monitoring, planning, and managing cash flow and treasury activities
to fund business activities in a manner consistent with companys business
objectives.
Oversees the process of cash flow management and treasury

activities, provides insight in transactions for internal and external
control.
Oversees day-to-day cash management by controlling of cash flow,

optimal liquidity position, and interest results.
Monitors companys various cash flow forecasts and performs

financial modeling.
Manages long-term and short-term investment strategies.
Makes funding decisions to ensure support for business activities.
Supports business lines with regards to treasury activities, during

investments and financing, and provision of interest rate quotas.
Optimizes the development and formulation of procedures and

working processes regarding cash management and treasury.
Builds and maintains contacts with treasury related departments and

external financial parties.
65

Treasury Accountant
Reference Level: 15
Conducts recording of treasury data, treasury accounting and reporting, cash
flow, cash flow planning, short and long term investment management.
Monitors and analyzes treasury data and produces budgets, forecasts and
financial statements to provide management with high quality steering
information on treasury.
Ensures the filing and archiving of treasury documents, in line with

financial guidelines and legal requirements, to be able to trace back
information and to comply with legal and (local) audit requirements.
Monitors and reports on corporate treasury results, treasury risk exposure

and compliance to provide management information, initiate corrective
actions, and maintain compliant at all times.
Performs account reconciliations of balance sheet accounts affecting the

treasury system such as cash, cash equivalents, investments, debt, and
sales.
Responsible for daily cash flow management and cash flow plan.
Prepares and reconciles debt schedules, assists in providing credit risk

analysis.
Manages bank relationships including banking activities reporting (bank

balances and service fees).
Scope Variants
Nature
of role
Reference Level 16
Reference Level 15
Reference Level 14
Executes the accounting

and reporting process
and handle all complex
and exceptional cases. Is
also able to manage /
coach less experienced
Treasury Accountants in
Team Leader role.

and reporting process
and handle all treasury
cases. Able to perform
complex analysis and
reporting in a selfreliant way.

and reporting process and
handle all treasury cases.
Is coached on more
complex analysis and
reporting by more
experienced Treasury
Accountant.
66

Treasury Assistant
Reference Level: 13
Keeps track of the companys bank account entries and transactions, addresses
accounts payable, and supports credit and debit processes.
Prepares daily records of all banking activity and produces a consolidated

report.
Tracks daily earnings and expenses and prepares the financial reports on a
regular basis.
Provides support for the treasury function.
Assists in special projects whenever asked.
67
68
69
Information Technology /
Internet-Based Technology
70
71
Family: Information Technology / Internet-Based

Technology (IT)
Function: Spanning (ITZ)
IT Manager II
Reference Level: 19
Manages and coordinates company's IT function across sub-functions such as
application development, infrastructure development, operations and user
support, data management and security to meet companys business
requirements. Has thorough knowledge of hardware, software, data
communications, and user applications areas. This is the top IT position for a
specific location but is governed by policies and frameworks established by the
larger corporation.

proposes and implements IT strategies, guidelines and procedures within
broad principles and policies set by the organization to meet IT
requirements supporting short and long-term business needs.
Ensures the design, selection, development and maintenance of business

application systems are successfully integrated and operated within the
companys business environment.
Oversees the design and implementation of an assigned technology as well

as the integration and performance of all local area networks for the
organization.
Coordinates the use of internal technical support personnel and vendor

support to provide higher levels of troubleshooting, maintenance, and an
efficient end-user support.
Leads the management, monitoring, and improvement of both existing and

new IT processes like change management, release management and
incident management.
Manages and motivates subordinate staff of IT professionals; reviews and

assesses performance, builds employee capacity, supports their
professional development and enables employees to optimize their
contribution to the department.
Scope Variants
Reference Level
20
Reference Level 19
72
Reference Level 18
Companys
revenue
>150 million USD
50 - 150 million
USD
< 50 million USD
Size of team:
Team of more than

30 professional
staff members
including sub-team
leaders or
supervisors is
common.
Team of 10 to 30
professional staff
members is
common.
Team of up to 10
professional staff
members is
common.
73

Technology (IT)
Function: Spanning (ITZ)
IT Manager I
Reference Level: 17
Manages and coordinates company's IT function including application
development, infrastructure development, user support, and data management
to meet companys business requirements. Has thorough knowledge of
hardware, software, and user applications areas. This is the top IT position for a
specific location but is governed by policies and frameworks established by the
larger corporation.
Manages IT-based operations and services to meet IT requirements

supporting short and long-term business needs.
Ensures the development and maintenance of business application systems

are successfully integrated and operated within the companys business
environment.
Oversees the implementation of an assigned technology as well as the

integration and performance of all local area networks for the
organization.

support to ensure troubleshooting, maintenance, and an efficient end-user
support.
Manages, motivates and assesses performance of a small team of IT

professionals.
74
75
Application Development
76
77

Technology (IT)
Function: Application Development (ITA)
Architecture Manager
Reference Level: 20
Also may be called: Head of Strategy, Technical Director, Head of
Architecture, Strategy Consultant
This job takes a leading role in identifying the strategies required to support the
long-term objectives of a major IT function.
The key requirements of this job are breadth of business and technical
understanding, gained over long exposure (over 10 years at least) to a wide
variety of infrastructure and application projects, and the interpersonal skills to
influence decisions taken at a very senior level.
Operates in a large (several billion dollars turnover) business that employees
over 250 people in IT and has a budget of around $100 million or more.
Typically will report to the Director of IT, although in the very largest
businesses (> $1 billion IT budget) may not report directly to the Director of
IT.
Understands the long-term business needs and identifies the relevant

technical platforms and application architectures requires to meet these
needs
Identifies sourcing strategy and strategic partnerships required to support

the strategic objectives.
Provides guidance and assistance to Directors, senior managers and

technical staff on technical and strategic issues.
Provides leadership to an internal strategy and architecture team.
78

Technology (IT)
Application Development Manager

Reference Level: 19
Accountable for the development and maintenance of applications systems for
assigned functional areas or locations of the organization. May be a team
leader or manager, with responsibility for systems analysis, applications
software, and programming. Has thorough knowledge of hardware, software,
data communications, and user applications areas. Typically requires a relevant
degree and seven to ten years of progressive experience with applications
systems.
Ensures the development and maintenance of applications systems for

assigned functional areas or locations of the organization.
Sets a framework for the provision and support of solutions covering areas
such as resourcing, program and project management, and development
standards.
Manages a team of engineers in the field of systems analysis, applications

software, and programming.
Scope Variants
Reference Level 20
Reference Level 19
Principal
work
involved:
Principal work is
development of
advanced
control/decision tools
and commercial
strength applications
systems.
Principal work is
application
development and
maintenance for
varied complex types
of applications
systems.
Principal work is
adaptation and
maintenance of
application systems.
Size of
support
team:
Team of more than

30 professional staff
including sub-team
leaders or supervisors
is common.
Team of 15 to 30
professional staff
members is common.
Team of up to 15
professional staff
members is common.
79
Reference Level 18

Technology (IT)
Application Architect
Reference Level: 18
Works at the highest systems level to provide expert advice and counsel to user
management and IT project teams for systems of the most complex nature.
Recognized as technical expert within the department and organization in
systems design and analysis. Typically requires a relevant degree and eight to
ten years of progressive IT experience.
Evaluates new technologies and develops departmental standard practices.
Provides expert advice and counsel to user management and IT project

teams for systems of the most complex nature, which typically cross
functional/location lines.
Works under broad management direction.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to substantial differences in complexity of systems developed
and maintained by the unit. Compensation differences may also depend on
whether the environment is mainframe only, client server/linked
microcomputer only or a blend of both environments.
Principal
work
involved:
Reference Level 19
Reference Level 18
Reference Level
17
Principal work of unit

is development of
advanced
control/decision tools
and commercial
strength applications
systems.
Principal work of
unit is application
development and
maintenance for
varied complex
types of applications
systems.
Principal work of
unit is adaptation
and maintenance
of PC and
application
systems.
80

Technology (IT)
Application Designer
Reference Level: 16
May also be called: Senior Analyst Programmer, System Designer,
Development Team Leader, Project Leader. Undertakes a technical leadership
(high level business analysis and application design) and coordination on
projects, and/or system maintenance activities. Any designs for particularly
critical parts of systems are often submitted to an overall design authority.
Likely to have direct control over a small team, but may also formally report
into a project manager. Typically requires five to ten years of extensive design
experience and excellent analysis capability.
Leads the process of detailed technical planning.
Undertakes complex systems designs and leads the development process,

using allocated colleagues as necessary for detailed analysis and coding
activities.
Sets priorities and manages systems maintenance activities.
Leads (from a technical perspective) and coaches a small team of IT

professionals.
May make a significant contribution to defining development standards

for the development function, or lead internal projects.
81

Technology (IT)
Application Developer II
Reference Level: 15
May also be called: Senior Software Engineer, Senior Analyst, Senior Systems
Analyst, System Designer, Project Leader. Carries out mainstream application
development and provides a support resource. Operates autonomously and
without close supervision within a team structure. Capable of designing
significantly more complex parts of a system, but work is checked by more
experienced colleagues. Likely to have direct control over analyst
programmers from time to time, but the programmers may formally report into
someone else. Typically requires over five years of extensive development
experience.
Undertakes systems analysis, design, and systems building activities,

delegating some systems building tasks to less experienced colleagues
where necessary.
Manages and progresses a program of system maintenance activities,

ensuring change requests and small enhancements are progressed.
May lead small, lower-risk projects, such as stand-alone systems or

functionality enhancements for existing systems.
82
Family: Information Technology / Internet-Based Technology (IT)
Application Developer I
Reference Level: 14
May also be called: Software Engineer, Senior Analyst, Business Analyst,
Programmer. Carries out mainstream application development and provides a
support resource. Capable of operating autonomously and without close
supervision on many programming and maintenance activities. Self sufficiency
is an essential requirement of this role. Typically requires two to three years of
development experience, and a range of coding and analysis experience.
Assists with development by gathering information, performing analysis,

and eliciting the details of user requirements in discussion with users.
Undertakes programming, analysis, and testing tasks, working within a

team.
Supports application software by fixing problems and making

enhancements.
83
Analyst Programmer II
Reference Level: 13
May also be called: Programmer, Application Programmer. Carries out
application maintenance and enhancements. Capable of operating
autonomously and without close supervision on many programming and
maintenance activities. Typically requires one year of development experience
and a good working knowledge of the relevant environment and toolset.
Conducts coding and systems maintenance activities, with available help

and guidance particularly on analysis.
Assists needs analysis by information gathering and performing analysis.
Undertakes allocated programming and testing tasks, typically at the unit

level, working within a team.
Supports application software by fixing problems and making

enhancements.
84

Technology (IT)
Analyst Programmer I
Reference Level: 12
May also be called: Junior Programmer, Trainee Analyst Programmer, Junior
Application Programmer. Work tends to be task-based and closely supervised.
This is a trainee development role, typically requiring only a few months of
experience.
Performs simple programming tasks, working under close supervision.
May also undertake testing and documentation tasks.
85

Technology (IT)
Implementation Engineer
Reference Level: 15
Responsible for implementation of complex applications. Provides support to
the end-user to install, tune, and use the application. Typically involved with
applications such as SAP, Oracle Financials, etc. where the application is a
toolbox, with strong emphasis on freedom for the end-user to adjust the
application to departmental working processes and circumstances.
Involved in analyzing, customizing, and modifying applications.
Defines implementation plan with developers and end-users.
Organizes new working processes and counsels and coaches the end-users.
Organizes and provides training programs.
Identifies structural weaknesses in the use of the application and prepares

changes in design or tuning.
86

Technology (IT)
Test Developer
Reference Level: 15
Ensures quality standards, project procedures, and deadlines are adhered to.
This is the formal team lead level who is the main reference point for problem
escalation and is expected to plan and monitor the work of the team. Familiar
with relevant programming languages, localization tools, and technologies, in
addition to being an authority on the testing process and application
functionality. Typically requires strong project management, organizational,
and people leadership skills.
Plans and leads the work of a team, ensuring delivery of the product
within quality standards.
Ensures that product testing is carried out within budget and established
procedures.
Provides feedback and development input into quality assurance processes

and strategy.
Designs testing scripts and adapts testing scripts from source

manufacturers.
Provides testing support to vendors.
Works and communicates with other departments and vendors to ensure

an effective quality assurance process is maintained and developed in the
organization.
87

Technology (IT)
Tester II
Reference Level: 14
Responsible for testing, but also has an informal team lead role based on
experience and expert knowledge of program functionality and testing
procedures. Designs test scripts and provides overall project guidance and
planning support. Expected to be familiar with relevant programming
languages, localization tools, and technology. This is an experienced tester
who has built up an authority of the testing process, applications, and
software/technology behind the product.
Tests more complex (versus standard) software functionality.
Provides informal guidance and mentoring to less experienced staff.
Coordinates the work of the team and follows through on problem

identification and resolution to ensure overall quality assurance of the
product.
Writes test scripts for own work and for others.
Assists in planning projects and resources.
Provides input into evaluation and enhancement of quality assurance

processes and methodologies.
88

Technology (IT)
Tester I
Reference Level: 13
Tests localized software according to prescribed procedures. While still
working under supervision, expected to move into more functional testing,
understanding, and interpretation of the code behind the application. Has a
strong knowledge of a specific product application, the wider functionality of
the product(s), and how their piece of the product fits in. May suggest
recommendations for bug/problem resolution, but generally expected to
escalate identified and potential problems. This is an experienced tester, while
still at a relatively low level. Typically requires one to two years of testing
experience in a localization environment.
Identifies problems and bugs in the localized software according to

prescribed test scripts and testing procedures.
May provide recommendations for solutions, from experience and strong

knowledge of the product.
Checks fixes and closes bugs; completes the quality testing cycle.
Escalates potential problems both in terms of specific bugs but also wider
functionality issues.
89
Infrastructure Development
90
91

Technology (IT)
Function: Infrastructure Development (ITB)
Network Integrator
Reference Level: 19
Accountable for the integration and coordination of all local area and wide area
networks for the organization. Responsible for the technical architecture.
Typically requires a relevant degree and eight to ten years of progressive IT
experience with emphasis on multi-platform client server operating
environments.
Carries out planning, design, installation, and management of hardware,

software, and telecommunications systems.
Recommends acquisition of new hardware, software, and/or

telecommunications systems, as well as network security and access
procedures.
92

Technology (IT)
Network Architect
Reference Level: 18
Senior technical expert responsible for the design and implementation of an
assigned technology. Typically requires a relevant degree and five to seven
years of experience.
Produces documented frameworks, or architectures, which describe and

are used to manage the implementation of a technical environment.
Researches development in assigned technology, determines business

requirements, proposes changes, and develops migration and
implementation plans.
Provides input into the technology plan for the organization, and ensures
that plans for their assigned technology integrate effectively with other
aspects of the technical infrastructure.
Sets and administers standards for overall organization's relational

database structure/architecture.
Advises management on technology purchases and on future projects or

environment upgrades/modifications.
May provide consulting services to project teams on areas of expertise.
93

Technology (IT)
Network Designer III

Reference Level: 16
Designs complex network solutions to support the companys needs. This
position can support both internal and external hardware and software
application needs.
Designs complex networks.
Analyzes and interprets needs and then delivers detailed solutions.
Works on complex needs where team working is essential. This can be

with both international partners, who may include other telecom
companies, and suppliers of both equipment and solutions.
Keeps abreast of the latest technologies and understands the commercial

drivers for his work.
May produce an Internet network, a mobile network that can offer voice
and data services.
Provides enhancements to existing products, networks that enable valueadded services, such as multi-media or charge card services.
Coaches less experienced colleagues.
Jobholder is a technical specialist in the field, who will design complex,

hardware and/or software.
94
Network Designer II
Reference Level: 15
Designs network solutions to support the companys needs. This position can
support both internal and external hardware and software application needs.
Designs networks using various supplier products.
Analyses and interprets customer needs and then delivers detailed

solutions.
Keeps abreast of the latest technologies and understands the commercial

drivers for his work.
May produce an Internet network, a mobile network that can offer voice
and data services.
Provides enhancements to existing products, networks that enable valueadded services, such as multi-media or charge card services.
95

Technology (IT)
Network Designer I
Reference Level: 13
Provides assistance in network design activities. This position can support both
internal and external hardware and software application needs.
Assists in designing the network.
Analyses and interprets customer needs.
Keeps abreast of the latest technologies.
Assists to produce an Internet network, a mobile network that can offer

voice and data services.
Is involved in enhancements to existing products, networks that enable

value-added services, such as multi-media or charge card services.
The jobholder is technically proficient on one part of the network or

specific suppliers.
Jobholder works under supervision of more experienced colleagues.
96
97
Technical Operations and End User
Support
98
99

Technology (IT)
Function: Technical Operations and End User Support
(ITC)
Network Operations Manager

Reference Level: 18
Leads a team of network administrators who provide continuous monitoring,
troubleshooting, and first level maintenance of the various networks (LAN or
LAN/WAN) and workstations, across all shifts. Typically requires a relevant
degree and eight to ten years of IT experience with emphasis on network
administration and on software and applications systems and programming.
Supervises and provides functional direction to the network administration

team.

support to provide higher levels of troubleshooting and maintenance.
Monitors overall performance of network(s) and recommends

restructuring of, or additions to basic configuration, although not usually
substantially involved in network technical design.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to complexity of the user organization as indicated by total
current annualized information technology and service expenses of the unit(s)
served. Compensation differences may also depend on the number of platforms
and LAN and/or WAN in the configuration of the environment.
Total Current Annualized

Operating Expenses of the Client
Unit(s) Served
($ Million):
Reference
Level 19
Reference
Level 18
Reference
Level 17
> $200
$35 - $200
< $35
100

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Network Administrator II
Reference Level: 16
Working within the framework of established operating procedures and in close
cooperation with internal and external support personnel, provides
troubleshooting and maintenance of data servers, user devices, and
communications links, as necessary, to assure operational availability. Focuses
on both hardware and software aspects of network operations across a multiple
platform LAN/WAN configuration. Typically requires a relevant degree and
three to five years of IT experience, including operations and moderately
complex systems and programming.
Monitors use, capacity, and performance of network systems.
Makes recommendations for changes and may implement agreed

enhancements.
Ensures installation and implementation of new equipment/software as

required.
Maintains effective security/backup and disaster recovery processes and

systems.
Coordinates support, providing hands-on support where necessary.
Maintains effective relationships with external suppliers to ensure

appropriate levels of support.
101

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Network Administrator I
Reference Level: 14
Working within the framework of established operating procedures and in close
cooperation with internal and external support personnel, provides
troubleshooting and maintenance of data servers, user devices, and
communications links, as necessary, to assure operational availability. Focuses
on both hardware and software aspects of network operations in a LAN
environment. Typically requires a relevant degree and up to one year of IT
and/or high usage end-user experience.
Collects data to support the monitoring of use, capacity, and performance

of network systems.
Carries out agreed enhancements.
Installs and implements new equipment/software as required.
Performs activities related to maintaining effective security/backup and

disaster recovery processes and systems.
Provides hands-on support.
102

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Systems Administrator
Reference Level: 13
May also be called: Application Administrator, Network Administrator.
Provides troubleshooting and non-standard maintenance of data servers, user
devices, systems, applications, and communications links, as necessary, to
assure operational availability.
Provides non-standard technical support to network users in response to

specific requests.
Troubleshoots non-standard hardware and/or software problems.
Provides training on hardware and/or software use.
Provides feedback on commonly encountered problems and

misunderstandings to enhance user documentation and/or training
programs.
Works within the framework of established operating procedures and in

close cooperation with internal and external support personnel.
103

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Network Management Analyst

Reference Level: 12
Manages client networks and takes the correct counter measures in case of
emergencies. Activities mainly involve network alarms, login-accidents,
network analysis, and configuration design, as well as keeping the relevant
parties up to date about the progress and general domestic tasks. Deals with a
number of affairs to ensure that problems are solved, or that progress is being
made in finding a solution, while established service levels are met. Works in
accordance with established guidelines and procedures. Typically requires
relevant technical education on an intermediate vocational level and at least
two years of relevant experience in a similar company/environment, broad
knowledge of data communication, and relevant tool sets for network
administration.
Detects network alarms and failures accurately.
Gives support with network planning, architecture engineering, and

development of technical standards and interface applications.
Researches network failures and guarantees effective troubleshooting.
Cooperates with the relevant parties to keep gaining progress in finding a

solution.
Quickly implements escalation procedures to guarantee the correct level of

management and technical awareness.
Reports, processes, and terminates incidents correctly in the relevant

continuation systems.
Detects and implements network applications, movements, and changes as

reported.
Executes acceptance tests for new elements in client networks.
Drafts and distributes maintenance statements for planned and unexpected

maintenance.
Updates and changes client documentation and work procedures if

necessary, in accordance with the quality guidelines of the enterprise.
104

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
IT Operations Manager
Reference Level: 18
May also be called Operations Manager. Directs the delivery of the complete
range of computer and network services required by a major business.
Typically requires significant experience in managing the delivery of technical
services, together with project management experience in technical
infrastructure areas. Typically this position will report to a Director of IT or
Head of IT.
Identifies requirements for IT-based services that exist across the business,
to provide a satisfactory basis for a service and infrastructure plan.
Identifies and implements the technical and resourcing approaches that are
needed to deliver the necessary services effectively and efficiently.
Delivers and manages all IT services in a way that meets business

requirements.
Ensures that design and selection of business application systems is

informed by operational realities, and that new applications systems are
successfully integrated and operated within the operational environment.
Works with other senior managers to ensure that the IT strategy

recognizes operational and technical best practice.
Leads and manages a large team of IT professionals.
Scope Variants
Reference Level 18
Reference Level 19
Staff:
> 25 50
> 50
Budget responsibility ($Million/year):
> 10
> 25
105

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Operations Team Leader II

Reference Level: 16
Responsible for the satisfactory management and completion of an allocated
shift, as well as occasional important roles on internal projects, within a large
data center. Data center serves multiple business units, whose minute-by
minute operations are critically dependant on systems operations, and is at the
extreme end of the size/complexity scale. Often leads a team of four to fifteen
people, including very experienced operators who are able to accept
responsibility for major areas of shift operations. Typically requires a wide
breadth of operations experience involving data centers and networks at the
high end of the size/complexity scale, clear team leadership capability, ability
to instill confidence in senior customers, and some experience at the shift
leader level. Reports to a service or operations manager within a data center.
Ensures that system and network conditions are monitored and that any
service-affecting issues are promptly addressed.
Confirms that all necessary services are available and that workloads are
run in line with required service levels, delegating tasks to members of the
team and ensuring effective handover to the incoming shift leader.
Ensures customer calls are dealt with effectively by the team.
Manages the problem resolution process for significant systems problems,

involving communicating with technical and senior business colleagues.
Plans and progresses assigned projects involving changes to the

infrastructure, application systems or procedures.
Influences and shapes proposed initiatives to improve their effectiveness.
106

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Operations Team Leader I

Reference Level: 14
Responsible for the satisfactory management and completion of an allocated
shift, within a data center. Data center may operate a limited shift pattern and
serve one or two business units. Provides leadership to a small team, typically
one or two other operations staff. Typically requires a wide breadth of
operations experience involving data centers and networks gained over several
years, together with some leadership capability. Reports to a service or
operations or manager.
Ensures that system and network conditions are monitored and that any
service-affecting issues are promptly addressed.
Confirms that all necessary services are available and that workloads are
run in line with required service levels, delegating tasks to members of the
team.
Ensures that customer calls are dealt with effectively by the team.
Progresses assigned tasks involving changes to the infrastructure,

application systems or procedures.
Manages the problem resolution process for significant systems problems,

involving technical colleagues and communicating with the business.
107

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Computer Operator II
Reference Level: 12
Operates and monitors computer equipment using established programs and
programs under development. Corrects operating problems at a basic level.
This is normally the fully trained computer operator. Supervision is relatively
close and technical assistance is close at hand.
Selects the proper disks/databases/programs and manipulates controls on

the console.
Observes operating processes in progress and reports any deviation from

standards.
Detects the nature of minor operating problems or failures and makes

console adjustments where possible.
Solves operating problems within well defined procedures and using

standardized tools.
Maintains operating records, such as performance and production reports.
108

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Computer Operator I
Reference Level: 11
Assists more experienced computer operators on assigned shift. Works from
well-defined, detailed instructions. Incumbent expects to progress to the next
level of operator.
Initializes CPU and performs memory maintenance functions following

non-complex start-up procedures.
Executes processing flow in accordance with routine operating

procedures.
Monitors control console to check for deviations from standards and status
of operations.
Executes routine queries for machine malfunctions and reports findings to

more senior-level operators for disposition.
Maintains computer operating records, such as machine performance and

production reports.
Loads data-storage devices.
109

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Assistant Computer Operator

Reference Level: 10
Assists higher classification operator(s) in operating computer and peripheral
equipment, following well-defined detailed instructions. This is an
entry/trainee position, in which the incumbent is learning under close
supervision.
Loads and manipulates disks, databases, and programs as directed.
Observes performance on console, reporting any deviations from

standards.
Operates peripheral EDP equipment as required.
110

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Help Desk Manager

Reference Level: 18
Immediate manager or team leader of a group of analysts and specialists who
provide end-user computing support services. Has technical expertise in enduser computing activities and in-depth knowledge of hardware, software, and
user requirements, and managerial skills to supervise technical personnel in a
service-oriented environment. Typically requires a relevant degree and seven
to ten years of progressive experience.
Responsible for providing end-user IT support including portfolio of

software and hardware products.
Manages evaluation of new products, equipment ordering, and installation.
Increases efficiency and effectiveness of information flows.
Keeps the infrastructure available: computers, networks,

telecommunications.
Takes measures for the security of infrastructure and plans fallback/recovery options.
Conducts start-up training and ongoing user assistance.
Works closely with users, IT management, and vendors to assure the

availability and compatibility of services.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to complexity of user applications and locations, and to size of
user population, which may require a substantially larger or smaller support
team with noticeably more or less specialization. Compensation differences
may also depend on whether the environment is centralized or distributed and
whether it is mainframe only, client server/linked microcomputer only or a
blend of both environments.
Support
Complexity:
Reference Level 19
Reference Level 18
Reference Level 17
High, due to
multiple complex
user applications,
Typical due to
moderate
complexity of user
Limited, due to
routine nature of
user applications,
111
large number of
user locations and
configurations, and/
or very large user
population
(professional staff
of fifteen or more is
common).
applications,
number of user
locations and
configurations, and
size of user
population
(professional staff
of three to fifteen is
common).
112
relatively few user

locations and
configurations, and
relatively limited
user population
(professional staff
of three or less is
common).
Family: Information Technology / Internet-based

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Help Desk Specialist

Reference Level: 14
Provides specialized technical support services in an area of IT services related
to hardware, infrastructure, software, databases, networks or servers in order to
ensure effective and efficient availability, deployment and maintenance of all
IT assets.
Identifies, researches, analyzes, and resolves information systems

problems.
Records and documents hardware/software problems, system crashes,

actions and solutions on the technical database in the problem
management system in order to facilitate the monitoring of trends,
recurring issues and service delivery.
Provides second level support by troubleshooting and repairing

hardware (computers, servers and equipment), infrastructure
(networks) or software (web-based applications, databases, word
processing programs) and implementing corrective action to ensure
timely resolution of users IT issues.
Provides specialized advice and training to users on the optimal use

of computer equipment and software to increase effective and
efficient use by clients.
Manages well defined projects within their own work unit or

department which have minimal financial and operational risk to
ensure the efficient and effective implementation of upgrades.
Assists in selection and evaluation of hardware and software to add

value to the IT function and the organization.
113

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Support Assistant
Reference Level: 12
Provides standard end-user support and troubleshooting.
Contributes to the development and modification of the network/system

and its various components.
Installs and updates software.
Maintains and executes security procedures.
Collects data, performs analysis, and suggests improvements on usage,

disruptions, and problems.
Solves disruptions/problems.
114

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Help Desk Analyst

Reference Level: 11
Provides technical support to clients by analyzing, identifying, and resolving
client issues. Issues can vary from simple questions to more complicated
matters. Handles many requests in a short amount of time and is responsible
for client satisfaction. Typically requires relevant technical education at an
intermediate vocational level and six months to one year of working experience
in a technical help desk environment.
Answers calls within time guidelines.
Analyzes and interprets client questions to determine the problem and

solve it.
Offers fitting and creative solutions for client issues which meet all
previously fixed quality standards.
Escalates calls within the given time guidelines.
Answers client questions and gives information, advice or instructions to

clients.
Responsible for client satisfaction with regard to all performed activities.
Answers and registers client questions in the available system.
Cooperates internally to answer client questions and solve issues.
115

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Systems Specialist III

Reference Level: 17
May also be called: Lead Systems Programmer, Systems Programming Team
Leader. Provides highly skilled and experienced systems software expertise,
working largely autonomously on a range of projects and tasks, typically
ranging from several days' to several months' work. Leads mainframe technical
strategy on a small site, or plays a leading role in one major area of mainframe
technology on a very large site. Typically requires at least eight years of
experience in systems software work, including high design content.
Evaluates relevance of vendors' products and services, often leading the

evaluation process.
Assesses performance of the mainframe systems, identifying and

evaluating the suitability of adjustments that will improve performance.
Supervises production of new systems software modules, and adaptation

or re-configuration of existing system software products.
May personally develop systems software and implement changes to the

software environment.
Provides technical support to operations staff and application developers

during resolution of production problems.
Advises and assists on high level design of new applications or

implementation of packages, to ensure effective operation within the
systems environment.
116

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Systems Specialist II
Reference Level: 14
Provides technical support to personal computer and PC network users in
response to specific requests. Typically requires an associate or bachelors
degree in another field and one to two years of end-user experience; any
relevant IT experience may be through this assignment.
Troubleshoots non-complex hardware and/or software problems.
Provides basic training on hardware and/or software use.
Manages day-to-day aspects of networks and servers.
By supervising others, installs PC and server software, hardware, and

cabling, including non-standard configurations, providing connectivity
where necessary.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to job content level in determining the appropriate job match.
Larger variant is similar to Information Center Analyst. Smaller job content
level works with more routine and clear requests and simpler hardware and
software problems. Compensation differences may also relate to whether the
environment is centralized or distributed and whether it is mainframe only,
client server/linked micro-computer only or a blend of both environments.
Reference Level 15
Support
Complexity:
See Information
Center Analyst.
Reference Level
14
Reference Level 13
Typical because technical

support is provided to
network users in response
to specific requests.
Troubleshooting is for
non-complex hardware
and software problems.
Limited because
technical support of
a routine nature is
provided in
response to clearly
framed requests.
Trouble shooting is
for simple hardware
and software
problems.
117

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Systems Specialist I
Reference Level: 13
May also be called: PC Technician, Desktop Support Analyst, LAN Analyst,
Network Technician. Provides a range of technical assistance to users of
distributed systems. Often knowledgeable about a particular infrastructure,
rather than a full range of experience. Typically requires at least two years of
operational experience of standard office applications, operating systems, and
networking.
Installs PC software, hardware, and cabling, including non-standard

configurations, providing connectivity where necessary.
Manages some day-to-day aspects of networks and servers under the

direction of more experienced colleagues.
Resolves less common problems or queries, received directly by users or

via a help desk.
Provides some one-on-one training for users.
118

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Technical Support Specialist

Reference Level: 14
May also be called: Senior LAN Analyst, Senior Network Technician.
Provides a wide range of technical assistance to users of distributed systems.
May be responsible for the satisfactory performance of a number of servers or
networks. Thoroughly conversant with relevant LAN operating systems,
networking protocols, and standard application suites, and may also be
knowledgeable in some mainframe access methods. Involvement extends to all
elements included in supporting end-to-end service; servers, networks,
workstations, mainframes. Typically requires at least five years of IT
operational experience, covering standard office applications, operating
systems, and networking.
Either personally or by supervising others, installs PC and server software,

hardware, and cabling, including non-standard configurations, providing
connectivity where necessary.
Manages most day-to-day aspects of networks and servers.
Resolves less common problems or queries, received directly by users or

via a help desk.
Provides some one-on-one training for users.
119

Technology (IT)
(ITC)
Field Service Engineer

Reference Level: 11
Responsible for unrolling, maintaining, and repairing IT products, such as PCs,
working stations, printers, terminals, and corresponding hardware. May be
involved in upgrading existing systems and providing routine maintenance. All
tasks are expected to be executed in accordance with quality standards and
technical procedures, leading to a high degree of client satisfaction. Typically
requires relevant technical education on an intermediate vocational level and
six months to one year of relevant experience.
Prioritizes and schedules work; works autonomously.
Executes failure diagnoses, simple troubleshooting, and effective repair of

desktop products.
Escalates calls within the given time guidelines.
Installs and tests desktop products.
Installs, tests, and controls basic software for operating systems (DOS,
Windows) and standard applications.
Executes back-ups and repairs PCs.
Performs upgrades and conversions, including the replacement of

hardware such as keyboards, screens, disks, etc.
Takes care of a strict check of the present inventory by a swift

replacement of spare parts.
Performs standard reporting.
Installs and configures desktop products in network environments.
Detects and eliminates PC viruses with standard software tools.
Solves configuration problems.
120
121
Data Management and Security
122
123

Technology (IT)
Function: Data Management and Security (ITD)
Database Manager
Reference Level: 18
Manages a small group or team to design, maintain, and implement database
management systems, which provide the organization with orderly methods of
data storage and controlled access to data. Demonstrates technical expertise in
applications software, computer hardware, data communications, programming
and systems analysis techniques, and continuous operation planning and
management. Typically requires a relevant degree and eight to ten years of
experience with database management systems.
Leads the design of new databases or enhancements to existing databases

in line with end-user and application requirements.
Leads implementation of appropriate database management systems.
Monitors database performance and takes appropriate action to maintain

its availability, accuracy, and efficiency.
Identifies and implements access controls in line with organizational

policies and requirements of the application.
Provides guidance and advice to database team.
Liaises with computer operations staff to ensure adequate backup and

recovery procedures are in place.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to complexity of the user organization as indicated by total
current annualized information technology and service expenses of the unit(s)
served.
Total Current Annualized IT &

Service Expenses of the Unit(s)
Served ($ Million):
Reference
Level 19
Reference
Level 18
Reference
Level 17
>$200
$35 - $200
< $35
124

Technology (IT)
Database Architect
Reference Level: 17
Accountable for developing and maintaining the organization data model. Has
a broad understanding of all systems, applications, and uses of data, as well as
knowledge of existing and emerging data modeling approaches and tools. Has
high degree of technical proficiency in design of database applications and
knowledge of operating interrelationships between databases and the
organization's other systems. Typically requires a relevant degree and seven to
ten years of experience.
Monitors and identifies trends in data usage and opportunities to reduce

data redundancy.
Maintains technical knowledge and understands emerging data concepts.
Designs, develops, and installs database management systems

applications.
Monitors database usage and takes action/makes recommendations to

ensure effective capacity.
Ensures appropriate linkages to existing database applications and to other

data processing systems.
May provides technical guidance, work leadership, and direction to less

experienced database analysts.
125

Technology (IT)
Database Administrator
Reference Level: 16
Responsible for ensuring the control, integrity, and accessibility of the database
file structure of one or more databases with multiple concurrent users.
Typically requires a relevant degree and three to five years of IT experience.
Approves database specifications.
Installs and tests databases and associated products.
Provides fault isolation and resolution.
Designs the distribution of database resources.
Provides physical modeling and design services.
Tunes database applications for optimum performance.
Implements disaster recovery and contingency plans.
126

Technology (IT)
Database Analyst
Reference Level: 15
Contributes to the effective management of assigned databases and associated
applications. Works under close direction of a more experienced database
analyst to learn the system's disciplines, languages, procedures, and controls.
Typically requires a relevant degree and one to three years of IT experience
with database management emphasis.
Participates in the design of databases.
Contributes to the maintenance of the data dictionary.
Supports the making of a detailed conceptual data model and the

translation into outline designs.
Assists in testing and carries out basic modifications to database

management systems applications.
Migrates databases into training and operational environments,

safeguarding existing systems from adverse effects.
Gathers data to contribute to monitoring database usage.
127

Technology (IT)
Assistant Database Analyst

Reference Level: 13
Contributes to the effective management of assigned databases and associated
applications. Works under supervision of more experienced colleagues,
assisting them as needed. This is the junior level in data management.
Typically requires a bachelor's degree in an IT related field.
Assists in identifying how to design a database and maintain the data

dictionary.
Supports the making of a detailed conceptual data model and the

translation into outline designs.
Assists in designing, testing, and modifying database management systems

applications and controls.
Helps to migrate databases into training and operational environments,

safeguarding existing systems from adverse effects.
128

Technology (IT)
Authorization Officer
Reference Level: 12
Contributes to the effective management of the authorization process for
databases and applications, in order to control the risk of unauthorized access
and to comply with internal and external regulations. Works within specific
working instructions and guidelines regarding the authorization process. This
is an administrative job in the field of data management and security. Typically
requires a vocational degree with three to five years of working experience.
Needs good knowledge of the organization and IT systems in order to assess
requests for authorization.
Analyzes authorization requests from end-users and management, gathers

all information needed to validate an authorization request
Coordinates the authorization process
Creates awareness with management regarding the risks of unauthorized

access
Provides support in optimizing the authorization process including the

development of request forms.
129

Technology (IT)
Data Entry Operator II

Reference Level: 10
Codes and transcribes data into computer equipment from a variety of source
documents, using data-entry devices. This is a seasoned operator, responsible
for high levels of output in a production environment.
Locates the items to be entered on the source document and deciphers

illegible documents.
Codes items using prepared reference materials.
Extracts information from several documents in accordance with job

directions.
Proofs work of others through manual check or by using verifying devices.
Prepares summarization of time logs for charging.
Checks data controls to assure quality of input.
Participates in scheduling the flow of work for the unit.
130

Technology (IT)
Data Entry Operator I

Reference Level: 9
Transcribes data from source documents using data entry devices and following
standardized procedures. Additionally applies coding and application skills to
make some determinations, due to exceptions and special instructions, often
requiring judgmental decisions in coding.
Operates alphabetical, numerical or a combination of data entry systems.
Locates the items to be entered on the source document, sometimes having

to decipher illegible documents, and assists in preparing new ones.
Extracts information from several documents.
Searches for and interprets information on the documents to determine

information to be entered.
Verifies work of self and others using various devices and procedures.
131

Technology (IT)
IT Security Specialist II
Reference Level: 17
Ensures the safety and security of all information systems assets. This is an
individual contributor with significant breadth and depth of expertise in the
data access/security arena. Typically requires a relevant degree and more than
eight years of experience in varied IT, database management, and high
exposure end-user situations.
Final responsibility for IT security on strategic, tactical and operational level in
a middle sized company.
Designs and implements procedures and controls necessary to ensure and

protect information systems assets.
Ensures prevention of intentional or inadvertent access, modification,

disclosure or destruction.
Provides guidance and direction both within IT and among users for the
physical protection of information systems assets, corporate information,
and intellectual property assets.
132

Technology (IT)
IT Security Specialist I
Reference Level: 15
Supporting in ensuring the safety and security of all information systems
assets. Typically requires a relevant degree and three years of experience in
varied IT, database management, and high exposure end-user situations.
Reports to a higher level IT security specialist or IT Security Manager.
Controls and monitors IT and telecommunication security within given

authority.
Identifies and analyzes the operational risks for IT systems security.
Analyzes business needs in the information security area and recommends

and gives opinions on technical security implementations and solutions.
Supports in the design and implementation of IT security solutions.
133
Service Level and Process Management
134
135

Technology (IT)
Function: Service Level and Process Management (ITE)
Vendor Manager
Reference Level: 19
Provides IT Management with purchasing services, contract and supplier
management and ensure best value for products and services from vendors.
This job covers vendor selection, procurement and contract management
processes as well as relationship management with relevant market parties.
Has comprehensive knowledge of market intelligence and international
sourcing and had broad experience in vendor management processes. Is
recognized as a source of staff expertise for all vendor management activities.
Works independently or as a team leader on activities of high risk and
complexity.
This is a strategic function reporting to senior IT Management. For this level,
the total amount of outsourced contracts is more than $50 million.
Contributes to the outsourcing strategy of a large IT organization (total IT

budget amounts more than $100 million).
Responsible for the development and implementation of outsourcing

processes and contract management processes.
Analysis of requirements for IT products and services and selection of

vendors.
Negotiates large contracts with vendors in cooperation with procurement

and with mandate from IT management.
Monitors vendor performance and takes corrective action if necessary.
136

Technology (IT)
Service Level Manager II, I

Position Number: 1788, 1789
Reference Level: 17, 15
Also may be called: Contract Manager, Service Manager, Third Parties
Manager
Responsible for development, management, and monitoring of one or multiple
contracts and service level agreements for a broad range of IT products and
services. Supports the (commercial or IT) organization by handling standard
and extra-service contracts, maintains relations with (internal or external)
clients
Typically requires a relevant bachelor education and at least 5 years of relevant
working experience, with some managerial/supervisory experience.
Typically reports to a Vendor Manager, Manager Client Services or Manager
Service (Level) Management.
Interprets and defines terms and conditions required for the contract or
service level agreement.
Contracts and negotiates contract amendments with suppliers or with

internal customers and provides guidance on contractual matters.
Manage contractual performance with (internal or external) suppliers or

commercial clients and takes corrective actions if necessary
Provides expertise to the business on investigation, solution and renegotiation of the contract or alternative sourcing solutions.
Researches developments in the management area, advises, and supports,

with respect to methods, techniques, and tools.
Manages the total contract environment from the process point of view,
such as directing subcontractors.
Advises clients concerning possible changing processes.
Scope Variants
Reference Level 17
Reference Level 15
137
Scope
Focus on end-to-end
management of
contracts and/or service
level agreements for a
broad range of IT
services and/or
products, including
management of
subcontractors
Focus on monitoring
performance of existing
contracts and service levels
for a specific set of IT
services and/or products
Size of
contracts
Manages contracts of >

$25 million
Manages contracts of > $2

million
138

Technology (IT)
ERP Implementation / IT Process

Manager II, I
Leads the management, monitoring, and improvement of both existing and new
ERP/IT processes like change management, release management and incident
management. This is accomplished by acquiring a thorough understanding of
ERP/IT processes, products, services and its contractual commitments, by
monitoring the existing processes and by advising on line management
improvements of ERP/ IT processes.
Documentation, maturity assessments, and quality assessments may be
performed on processes to meet contractual requirements and cost savings.
Analyzes and documents existing processes, formats and supporting

systems within the IT organization and makes improvements if necessary.
Continuous monitoring of process performance (e.g. throughput time

incidents) and reports performance to responsible management.
Coordinates workload within appointed process(es).
Identifies best practices and applies these to meet efficiency and cost
objectives and measurements are applied to demonstrate results.
Identifies goals that have been established for process performance;

identifies contractual commitments that relate to process development
and/or deployment.
Scope Variants
Responsibility
Reference Level 16
Reference Level 14
Focus on monitoring, less

focus on direct
improvement. Responsible
for the monitoring and
improvement of a company
wide, complex and critical
process.
Responsible for the

management of a
small, less complex
process or processes
in a part of the
organization.
139
140

Technology (IT)
Planner
Reference Level: 12
Schedules activities in the data center in accordance with internal clients,
regulated operations procedures, and available system capacity. Typically
requires intermediate vocational education and at least five years of relevant
working experience.
Intakes new assignments, discusses terms, possibilities, and time

agreements, and schedules activities in such a way that optimal systems
productivity is guaranteed.
Schedules maintenance activities
Maintains the schedule and initiates adjusting actions if necessary.
Guards system performance and detects capacity problems, in a timely

manner.
Coordinates contacts with internal clients, management, and internal

and/or external suppliers.
Executes all occurring administrative tasks within the department,

including documentation.
141
142
IT Consultancy
143
144

Technology (IT)
Function: IT Consultancy (ITF)
Managing Consultant
Reference Level: 20
Also may be called: Senior Business Consultant, Principal Consultant, Head of
Business Analysis, Team Leader Business Consultancy
Takes a leadership role in identifying how a major, complex organization can
become more effective, typically by radically re-engineering core processes,
and restructuring. Translates client and/or business needs into strategic change
proposals and IT programs.
This job requires extensive knowledge of company and competitor business
operations, unusually high personal credibility among senior managers, and a
thorough understanding of the system development and implementation
process, gained on a variety of significant business change projects.
At this level the individual is likely to lead the analysis for projects of many
millions of dollars, involving a project team of dozens of people, several of
whom will report directly in. In a commercial environment, this job will have
significant commercial impact, which is translated in a high sales target.
Identifies and exposes the business opportunities and implications of reengineering projects.
Leads a team of business analysts in progressing the detail of reengineering processes and projects.
Works with business systems colleagues to analyze the high-level

information requirements and information flows required to support better
processes, and supports business system colleagues through the
development process.
Takes the lead in setting the system testing strategy and in planning
implementation, and ensures a team is in place for the testing and
implementation phases.
Persuades senior managers of the benefits of change in situations where

there is significant resistance, and likely disruption to business.
In a commercial environment: identifies sales leads and generates revenue

by managing existing clients
Scope Variants
145
Reference Level 19
Reference Level 20
Expertise
Has specific expertise and leads

knowledge development within a
specific discipline or industry.
Stakeholders are on highest IT
Management level and senior
business management.
Recognized as an expert in a
broad field of business and IT
Management, gives general
direction to IT department,
stakeholders are on executive
level.
Scope
Gives advice on tactical matters.

Translates strategy and policies
into improved/changed processes,
(new) guidelines, standards and
models.
Gives advice on strategic

matters. Designs new processes
and models which will
contribute to new insights with
regard to strategic IT decisions.
146

Technology (IT)
Business Consultant
Reference Level: 17
Takes an important role in operational, tactical or strategic analysis of a
company's total business in relation to used technology. They identify strategic
capabilities needed to create and sustain one or more sources of competitive
advantage. These capabilities may come in the form of process, information
technology, organization enablement, or knowledge.
They identify best practices and client performance gaps, if any. They use tools
to identify, align, and change the factors that affect performance, stability, and
teaming. Responsible for understanding and assessing a clients business
operations, identifying issues and opportunities and recommending appropriate
solutions. They ensure proper translation of business requirements into a set of
structured business process, knowledge, technology, and organization
specifications that satisfy the clients strategic and operational objectives.
This job requires extensive knowledge of company business operations,
unusually high analysis capability, and a thorough understanding of the system
development and implementation process, probably gained on more than one
significant business change project.
Identifies and exposes the business opportunities and implications of reengineering projects.
Development of business cases and performs impact analysis, thereby

engaging a wide range of stakeholders within business and IT
Persuades senior managers of the benefits of change in situation where

there is significant resistance, and likely disruption to business.
Leads a small team of business analysts in progressing the detail of reengineering projects.
Works with business system colleagues to analyze the high-level

information requirements and information flows required to support better
processes, and supports business system colleagues through the
development process.
Scope Variants
Reference Level 16
Reference Level 17
147
Reference Level 18
Expertise
Scope
Working and
thinking level on
Masters level with
3-5 years of
experience in a
specific functional
business
environment and
related IT systems.
More than 5 years of

experience in a
specific functional
business
environment and IT
related systems.
Excellent consulting
skills.
More than 8 years of

experience with
different business
environments and IT
systems. Excellent
consulting and project
management skills, is
familiar with an
international, multicultural environment.
Is appointed to
one or more
business
domains. Focus
on clear
assignments
regarding
business analysis
as well as
implementation
of changes with
regard to
business
processes and
related IT
solutions.
Is appointed to
one complex or
more diverse
business domains.
Focus on
relationship
management,
innovation and
development of
business cases
which have a
large impact on
business
processes;
ensures
realisation of
business cases
after approval.
Is appointed to
more than one
global business
domain. Focus on
strategic
relationship
management,
innovation, expert
advice and project
management.
Develops and
implements
business cases
which have
strategic impact on
(commercial)
business processes.
In a commercial
environment:
generates sales
leads for future
work
148

Technology (IT)
Business Analyst
Reference Level: 14
Responsible for translating business requirements into detailed function
specifications and if necessary, for managing requests for changes to the
specifications. Has sound knowledge of the organization's systems and
processes, expertise in the business area, and current technology advances and
IT capabilities. Works mostly on the parts of the analysis processes of major
projects and may work alone on small scale standard projects.
Assists in determining which business requirements can and should be

automated and how these automated functions are integrated into the rest
of the business and IT processes.
Interviews with the internal and/or external clients to understand business

requirements.
Assures functional specifications are consistent with the technology

roadmap.
Contributes to project definitions, initial cost assessment of projects, and

the integration of various project suppliers and vendors.
Focus is on analyses, gives advice on an incidental basis.
Scope Variants
Reference Level 13
Reference Level 14
Reference Level 15
Entry level
Entry level position

for graduates
Bachelors degree
with more than 3
years of experience
Bachelors degree with

more than 5 years of
experience
Complexity
Works under
close supervision
of more senior
colleagues, assists
in interviews and
reporting
activities.
Analysis of
moderate complex
business
requirements,
processes and IT
systems. Well
defined
assignments.
Company wide,
integral analysis of
business
requirements,
processes and IT
systems. Less
defined assignments.
149

Technology (IT)
Technical Consultant
Reference Level: 17
Provides expert technical advice and counsel in the design and maintenance of
major, complex software systems. Typically requires a relevant degree and
five to ten years of progressive IT experience, with emphasis on high
complexity multi-language programming and multiple platforms. Has
knowledge of the capabilities and limitations of systems, peripheral devices,
and the most sophisticated programming techniques
Investigates technically complex software problems and coordinates

problem resolution with software vendors, hardware manufacturers, and/or
appropriate in-house personnel.
Develops complicated design specifications and provides consultative

guidance to software project teams on their execution.
Provides expert advice and counsel to IT personnel and project teams on

all aspects of applications programming.
Evaluates performance of the software system and recommends changes

to increase operational effectiveness.
Evaluates new technologies and develops departmental standard practices.
Reference Level
16
Reference Level 17
Reference Level 18
Complexity
of Systems:
Principal work of
unit is maintenance
and adaptation of
application
systems.
Principal work of
unit is development
and maintenance
for varied complex
systems.
Principal work of
unit is development
of advanced
control/decision
tools.
Innovation
Contributes to
optimalization of
existing
technologies
Contributes to
technical
innovation, focus
lies on innovation
Leads technical
innovation
150
instead of complete
new technologies
151
Internet-Based Services and Support
152
153

Technology (IT)
Function: Internet-Based Services and Support (ITG)
Web Visionary
Reference Level: 19
Responsible for the overall vision of the online products for the company. This
position is a key role in integrating the company's strategies among marketing,
product management, and product development.
Designs and develops overall vision of companys online business.
Manages the planning and execution of web projects including production

schedules and quality assurance.
Ensures that all web revisions are in-line with the company's overall web
strategy and site format.
154

Technology (IT)
Web Administrator
Reference Level: 16
Designs and builds web sites in support of the organizations web strategy.
Requires proficiency in working with HTML code, browsers, and graphics
applications. Typically requires a relevant degree and progressive experience
with a variety of software applications and tools.
Designs web pages, interface features, and various aspects of the site.
May work with editorial staff to identify content that will motivate users to
access the web site.
May be responsible for managing or performing web site editorial

activities that require technical expertise.
155

Technology (IT)
Web Developer II
Reference Level: 15
Designs and creates software modules for use within web-based applications.
Software may range from client-based, server-based or back-office software.
Typically requires two or more years of relevant web development experience,
with some experience in other IT roles.
Creates advanced web pages (e.g. using Scripting, Java, ASP) through
software such as CGI-based interfaces (e.g. Perl) and back-office systems
and database work, though focus is typically on only one or two of these
areas.
Works with a high degree of autonomy.
Operates in line with overall technical standards.
156

Technology (IT)
Web Developer I
Reference Level: 13
Produces program and/or web pages to specified requirements. Uses a range of
software such as HTML/ DHTML, scripting (e.g. JavaScript, VBScript), and
possibly Java/ C++/ ActiveX code, but will often focus on a subset of these.
Typically requires at least one year of relevant experience.
157

Technology (IT)
Web Editor
Reference Level: 14
Serves as the content specialist for all web products. This position requires
excellent writing and editing skills, in addition to, a current knowledge of web
content development practices.
Sets the editorial style for all web products.
Edits, writes, and enhances the written content on all web products.
Works with software application engineers and website developers to

ensure consistency on the web.
158

Technology (IT)
Search Engine Optimization

Manager
Reference Level: 17
Coordinates strategies and oversees implementation of initiatives to increase
search engine traffic to the company website.
Coordinates research of site traffic, content and architecture and analyzes

and recommends updates to optimize search results.
Identifies opportunities to increase search engine ranking.
Directs search engine performance tracking and analyzes outcomes for

marketing campaigns.
Participates in performance evaluations of junior representatives and

provides training and development to staff as needed.
159

Technology (IT)
Search Engine Optimization Analyst

Reference Level: 15
Implements initiatives to increase search engine traffic to the company website
through search engine optimization techniques such as title and meta tagging,
indexing, link building, keyword ranking and overall site architecture and
content optimization. Typically requires three to five years of experience.
Analyzes the site performance and reviews metrics to prepare solutions to

optimize search results.
Identifies opportunities to increase search engine ranking by evaluating

traffic trends.
Assesses search outcomes for marketing campaigns.
160

Technology (IT)
Web Analytics Manager

Reference Level: 17
Managers the custom experience by developing tools focused on consumer web
behavior patterns. Creates solutions to enhance visitor experience, while
identifying opportunities for potential and existing revenue. Requires
experience in web analytics applications, technical understanding of website
architecture, and strong database skills.
Responsible for providing statistics and market intelligence internally to

help with recommendations and forecasting.
Manages improvement efforts for the company website by using

behavioral analysis.

161

Technology (IT)
Web Analytics Analyst

Reference Level: 15
Analyzes and optimizes business results and user experience while using site
metrics to study website behavior patterns. Typically requires three to five
years of experience in web analytics applications, technical understanding of
website architecture, and strong database skills.
Uses quantitative data gathered with software management tools, traffic

extracts, click streams, and drill-downs to develop an understanding of
consumer behavior, demographics, and lifecycle.
Applies statistics-based market intelligence to business issues and

formulates recommendations.
162

Technology (IT)
Client Satisfaction Researcher

Reference Level: 14
Determines how consumers interact with companys website, with a focus on
consumer satisfaction, advocacy, and loyalty. Responsible for enhancing client
satisfaction measurement program.
Creates studies of consumers to identify trends and insights.
Conducts polls or surveys that provide accurate portrayals of trends.
Maintains a system to respond to questions about client satisfaction and

works with other departments to feed trends and insights.
163
Human Resources
164
165
Family: Human Resources (HR)

Function: Spanning (HRZ)
Human Resources Manager II

Reference Level: 19
Manages and coordinates the company's human resources function across subfunctions such as recruitment, training and development, compensation and
benefits, and employee relations to meet companys business requirements.
This is the top human resources position for a specific location (store, site, unit,
etc.) but is governed by policies and frameworks established by the larger
corporation.

proposes and implements human resources strategies, guidelines and
procedures within broad principles and policies set by the organization to
meet requirements supporting short and long-term business needs.
Develops guidelines and procedures which assist line management in

implementing human resources policy, for example: employee training
and development programs, safety and security programs, salary structure,
performance appraisal and recognition, and compensation and benefit
plans below the senior management level.
Ensures compliance of the organizations practices with applicable labor

legislation and collective labor agreements. Provides advice to managers
and ensures uniform interpretation of Labor laws. Secures professional
legal support from internal or external legal counsel as required.
Assists in the articulation of the values and culture of the organization and
proposes HR management activities which support the organizations
culture.
Works with managers to identify human resources issues/problems and

provides leadership and support in finding solutions. Serves as a
facilitator/mediator to resolve problems, difficulties and grievances which
are presented by individual employees. May recommend appropriate
measures such as training, reassignment, transfer or out-placement.
Organizes and supervises HR/personnel services to ensure that highly

qualified personnel are recruited, developed and motivated to achieve
business objectives.

department.
166
Scope Variants
Reference Level 20
Reference Level 19
Size of employee
population
supported by HR
function
> 1500 employees
500 1500
employees
< 500 employees
Size of HR team:
Team of more than

30 professional
staff members
including sub-team
leaders or
supervisors is
common.
Team of 10 to 30
professional staff
members is
common.
Team of up to 10
professional staff
members is
common.
167
Reference Level
18

Function: Spanning (HRZ)
Human Resources Manager I

Reference Level: 17
Manages and coordinates the company's human resources function including
recruitment, training and development, compensation and benefits, and
employee relations to meet companys business requirements. This is the top
human resources position for a specific location (e.g. store, site) but is
governed by policies and frameworks established by the larger corporation.
Assists line management in implementing established human resources

policies, procedures, and practices to meet requirements supporting short
and long-term business needs.
Manages administration and implementation of recruitment, employee

training and development, salary structure, compensation, benefits,
performance appraisal and recognition plans, safety, health, and security
programs.
Ensures compliance of the organizations practices with applicable labor

legislation and collective labor agreements.
Works with line managers to identify human resources issues/problems

and provides counsel and support in finding solutions.
Manages, motivates and assesses performance of a small team of HR

professionals.
168
169
Human Resources
HR Generalist
170
171

Function: HR Generalist (HRA)
HR Business Partner
Reference Level: 19
Leads and manages people management agenda in a companys business
unit/area, and acts as a facilitator for the companys management team. The
HR Business Partner is highly experienced HR professional with a broad
experience in various HR areas of expertise.
Acts as a single point of contact for the employees and managers in the
business unit / area in people management agenda.
Possesses a deep knowledge of the business unit / area, key employees and
business processes.
Builds a strong business relationship with the business unit / area and
transfers HR requests and solutions to/from the business unit.
Implements best practices and supports the delivery of HR processes at the

business unit / area.
Identifies gaps, proposes and implement changes necessary to cover risks.
Acts as the performance improvement driver and provokes positive

changes in the people management.
Leads the change management projects and manages the HR related

internal and external communication.
172

HR Generalist III
Reference Level: 17
This is a broadly seasoned professional; however, this is not the top human
resources position for a specific location.
Provides a variety of services necessary for the recruitment, selection,
assignment, motivation, training, and development of qualified employees for a
large. Spans more than one area of functional specialization within the human
resources function, such as compensation, benefits, labor relations, etc.
Emphasis is on the implementation of an organization's programs, though some
major human resources functions may be missing. Population served is
typically 200 to 700 employees.
Directs adaptation of broader policies, plans, and programs to meet

accepted objectives.
Directs administration of local hiring, compensation, benefits, training,

safety, health, and security programs.
Participates in local negotiations and administers the labor agreement.
Counsels managers on how to handle personnel problems.
Assures implementation of broader policy and adherence to external

regulations.
173

HR Generalist II
Reference Level: 16
Provides a general personnel service for mostly non-executive levels. This is a
well-seasoned professional who handles most day-to-day problems
independently. Recognizes the potential for significant precedents and refers
these issues to others.
Participates in the recruitment process, discussing staff needs with line

managers, screening applications, and conducting interviews.
Assists in career development issues, discussing career paths with line

managers and recommending suitable candidates for promotion.
Investigates and resolves day-to-day employee relations problems, either

directly or through advice to line management.
Conducts routine salary administration tasks, providing advice to

managers on the wages and salaries of all employees, except senior
management.
Investigates and advises both management and employees on personnel

matters, preparing briefing papers as required.
Supervises the preparation of supporting paperwork and subsequent filing.
174

HR Generalist I
Reference Level: 15
Provides general personnel service for largely non-executive levels. Represents
a well-grounded, middle seasoned level of human resources professional. Acts
with more independence than the entry level position, with work mainly
reviewed when completed. Typically involved in several areas rather than
specializing in just one.
Makes decisions on hiring entry-level clerical and production employees.
Participates in the recruitment process, placing internal and external ads,

narrowing down candidates, and preparing documentation.
Investigates and resolves straightforward benefit claims.
Helps develop and modify training programs.
Advises line managers on personnel procedures and precedents.
Investigates and drafts grievance replies.
175

Human Resources Administrator

Reference Level: 13
Performs administrative functions of the human resources department. Has a
basic understanding of business disciplines and the application of well-defined
techniques and procedures. This is an individual contributor who works in two
or more human resources areas, such as employment, training, compensation,
benefits, and/or labor relations. Typically occupied by a recent graduate with a
degree or equivalent, or a longer-term employee who has risen through the
administrative ranks.
Performs administrative functions requiring some insight and depth of

understanding.
Specific job content may cover activities such as processing and screening
job applicants, presenting "off the shelf" training programs, and
investigating benefits claims and grievances.
Work generally follows established procedures and patterns, with review

in progress and at completion.
176

Human Resources Assistant

Reference Level: 12
Performs a variety of clerical and administrative activities specific to the
human resources function. Duties include checking personnel related
documents for accuracy and completeness, maintaining files and records of a
confidential nature, and preparing periodic standardized reports. Work is
performed under immediate supervision.
177
Human Resources
Training and Development
178
179

Function: Training and Development (HRB)
Training and Development Manager

Reference Level: 19
Provides overall guidance to training and development activities throughout the
organization unit. This is a manager and well-seasoned professional who
diagnoses organizational needs, recommends the appropriate mix and emphasis
to improve organizational effectiveness, and implements the agreed plan.
Identifies training needs and determines project costs/benefits.
Stays aware of external programs and developments.
Oversees design and presentation of programs.
Reviews and evaluates the effectiveness of programs.
May personally conduct selected programs.
Serves as a technical resource for programs that are developed and

presented locally.
180

Training and Development

Specialist III, II
Plans and organizes training and management development programs to
support the organization's initiatives. This is a qualified specialist. Designs
and delivers programs for professional employees and identifies externally
suitable programs.
Identifies training and development needs of staff in conjunction with line

managers.
Initiates, organizes, and undertakes training in the form of courses,

workshops, and seminars.
Prepares training budget, seeks and obtains funding approval, and controls
costs against budget.
Directs planning and organization of all workshops that are offered.
Writes central core training courses and specific workshops.
May design and implement assessment programs to identify training

needs.
Interacts with external training consultants to identify course objectives

and content.
May conduct training.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to the size of the population for determining the appropriate job
match.
Population served:
III
Reference Level 16
II
Reference Level 15
> 1,000
< 1,000
181

Training and Development Specialist

I
Reference Level: 14
Arranges training for individuals or groups within a framework of available
programs. This is the first level of specialist. Typically requires a degree in
education and training or some experience in the organization as a generalist.
Identifies training needs in consultation with line management.
Arranges local and in-house training courses and coordinates

arrangements for external courses and seminars.
Advises employees and management on appropriate training courses,

counseling individuals as necessary.
Makes arrangements for further education and monitors the progress of

attendees.
Supervises the maintenance of accurate training records, monitoring costs

and maintaining budgetary control of all training activities.
182
183
Human Resources
Compensation and Benefits
184
185

Function: Compensation and Benefits (HRC)
Compensation and Benefits Manager

Reference Level: 19
Develops and directs implementation of compensation and benefits programs
that provide a competitive level of pay, motivation, and reward to employees,
as well as protection. Focuses on cash programs (salaries, bonuses), cashequivalent programs (stock options), and benefits programs that cover salaried
and non-union employee populations. This is a manager and well-seasoned
professional who understands the organization's needs, recommends the design
of multifaceted programs, and implements them efficiently and sensitively.
Monitors competitive trends in compensation and benefits and evaluates

alternatives and costs.
Develops and recommends benefits programs, salary policy lines,

administrative procedures, incentives, bonuses, stock options, and other
special payment plans for specific segments of the population.
Monitors the effectiveness of compensation and benefits programs and

recommends modification to reduce costs and improve delivery.
Participates in negotiation of agreements with insurance carriers and

financial institutions for administration of benefits programs and provides
technical backup to union negotiations on benefits matters.
Assures that required records and reports are maintained and issued.
Conducts and participates in surveys.
Assures proper evaluation of jobs through senior levels.
Counsels managers on individual salary treatment for benefits programs,

such as insurance plans, paid time off, bonus pay, and special employersponsored activities.
186

Compensation and Benefits

Specialist II, I
Researches, analyzes, and develops modifications to compensation and benefits
programs to meet identified organization objectives and needs. This is an
experienced specialist. Makes judgments and takes actions that may set
precedents. Evaluates and makes recommendations for major changes in
organizational programs.
Analyzes costs and competitive trends in cash compensation and benefits

programs and identifies the organization's position.
Prepares data and participates in surveys and in reviews of data.
Develops administrative procedures to monitor and reduce costs and

improve delivery of programs.
Oversees administration of programs and maintenance of required records.
Documents and evaluates positions up through middle management.
Advises managers on individual salary treatment and employees on

interpretation of plan provisions.
Participates in development of compensation and benefits policy.
Prepares employee communications materials.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to the different emphases (as described below) as the principal
guide for determining the appropriate job match.
II
Reference Level 16
I
Reference Level 15
Emphasis on policy development and

advice to management.
Emphasis on high-level analysis and

implementation.
187

Compensation and Benefits Analyst

Reference Level: 14
Provides analytical and other professional level support to the compensation
and benefits function. May assist with job documentation, special studies, job
evaluation, salary administration, preparation of communications materials, and
training of administrators. This is the first level of specialist. Typically
requires a degree in employee relations and some experience in the
organization as a generalist.
Conducts and analyzes survey results to assist in comparing compensation

and benefits plans.
Assists in merit budget planning and administration.
Drafts compensation and benefit plan administrative procedures and

communications materials.
Monitors plan costs, identifies problem areas, and reviews changes in

compensation and benefits law.
Trains operating management in the administration of compensation and

benefits programs.
Prepares and maintains position descriptions and participates in evaluation

of positions up through the first level of management.
188
189
Human Resources
Recruitment and Organizational
Development
190
191

Function: Recruitment and Organizational Development
(HRD)
Recruitment and Resourcing

Manager
Reference Level: 19
Develops and manages the implementation of recruitment, selection, and
resourcing activities throughout the organization unit. This is a manager and
well-seasoned professional who diagnoses organizational needs, recommends
the appropriate mix and emphasis to improve organizational effectiveness, and
implements the agreed plan.
Identifies recruitment/selection/resourcing needs to fulfill business

requirements.
Implements plans and programs to recruit, select and resource necessary

human resources in line with companys recruitment strategy.
Ensures that companys recruitment policies, processes and standards are

followed at all levels.
Participates in negotiation of agreements with external recruitment

programs and developments.
Reviews and evaluates the effectiveness of recruitment and resourcing

programs.
Counsels managers on recruitment approach, selection methods, talent

management, outsourcing, etc.
192

(HRD)
Recruitment Manager
Reference Level: 17
Develops and implements programs to recruit and select the human resources
required to meet the organization's business needs. Establishes general hiring
standards for all classes of employment, including design of application forms,
standardization of screening, interviewing, and monitoring of governmental
programs. May oversee the use of search firms and employment agencies, but
is not accountable for executive search and recruiting. This is a manager and
well-seasoned professional who understands the organization's needs, knows
the available resources, and organizes programs to effectively supply the
organization's needs. Typical scope is a population served of about 2,000
people.
Works with managers to identify and define specific new hire

requirements.
Establishes and monitors hiring standards and practices.
Designs and administers recruiting programs.
Recommends candidates for further consideration.
Maintains external contacts to assure access to potential candidates.
Provides functional direction and review of local hiring.
Coordinates special intern programs.
193

(HRD)
Recruitment Officer
Reference Level: 15
Ensures the coordination of all recruitment related activities for non-exempt
and/or non-managerial staff. May initiate recruitment for junior managerial
staff and do pre-screenings of applicants. Works independently in the context
of broadly defined procedures. Typically requires an in-depth knowledge of
the organization, interviewing skills, and recruitment techniques.
Determines future personnel needs with line management.
Defines and implements recruitment programs to meet needs.
Coordinates the placing of internal and/or external ads to find candidates.
Interviews potential candidates and coordinates with line management to

select the best candidate for the job.
Organizes and supervises administrative tasks related to recruitment,

ensuring that all relevant information for new employees is recorded.
194

(HRD)
Recruiter
Reference Level: 13
Accountable for attracting and screening potential employees. Concentration is
primarily on recruitment of unionized and lower level professional employees.
This is a recruitment specialist with a good knowledge of the organization's
requirements and sources.
Works with managers to define candidate qualifications.
Identifies sources and implements recruitment plan.
Conducts screening interviews.
Obtains references in accordance with established organizational

procedure.
Administers appropriate standardized tests to recruits.
Prepares routine documentation appropriate to the recruitment process and

engagement of new employees.
Obtains temporary employees on request.
Assures compliance with regulatory requirements.
195
Human Resources
Employee Relations
196
197

Function: Employee Relations (HRE)
Employee/Labor Relations Manager

Reference Level: 19
Develops and directs implementation of plans, policies, and programs affecting
the organization's relations with organized employees and their representatives.
This is a technical expert in labor agreements. Does not determine overall
policy, but develops and implements plans for the continuing relationship with
bargaining agencies.
Researches current and potential labor relations problems, opportunities,

and issues, and evaluates their impact.
Recommends alternative courses of action.
Develops plans to address specific issues.
Coordinates local level negotiation and/or participates in negotiation of

multi-location agreements with unions.
Advises location human resources managers and line management on how

to handle specific labor relations problems.
Handles grievances and serves as the organization's arbitration

representative.
Assures compliance with contractual agreements.
Maintains informal communications with union leadership on a continuing

basis.
198

Function: Employee Relations (HRE)
Employee/Labor Relations
Representative
Reference Level: 17
Interprets and implements provisions of local labor agreements to resolve
problems and assure compliance by both parties. This is a seasoned specialist,
typically found in large organizations. Operates relatively independently on a
day-to-day basis, exhibiting sensitivity to the potential for precedents. In a
unionized environment, often acts as a team builder and facilitator.
Investigates and answers grievances within the framework of the contract.
Advises managers on how to handle specific situations (e.g., discipline,

work practice changes) and their implications in terms of labor
agreements.
Serves as communication link with bargaining unit representatives

(stewards/committees) and individual employees to anticipate potential
problems and improve understanding of the organizations position.
Interprets the labor organization's viewpoint for management.
Identifies chronic labor relations problem areas and recommends

solutions.
Participates in major contract negotiations.
199
Legal
Paralegal
200
201
Family: Legal (LG)

Function: Paralegal (LGA)
Paralegal Supervisor/Manager
Reference Level: 17
Manages, controls, and monitors work of a group of paralegals/legal
executives/clerks. Has current knowledge of all subjects concerned with the
job. This is a qualified paralegal/legal executive with at least three years of
experience.
Reviews workloads and organizational changes to optimize staff

development and deployment.
Controls department's budget and plans for future development.
Ensures work achieves target performance and is in compliance with

statutory requirements.
Provides legal expertise to enable the organization to operate effectively.
202
Family: Legal (LG)

Paralegal III
Reference Level: 15
May also be called: Articled Clerk, Legal Executive. Provides assistance and
support to legal staff in gathering information, researching the law, and
preparing opinions and legal documents. This is an experienced professional,
who has solid understanding of the organization, is well seasoned, and
functions relatively independently. May serve as lead, providing technical
direction to other less experienced paralegals, or supervise clerical personnel.
Typically requires formal training through a certified program.
Undertakes advanced legal work when gathering factual information and

researching statutes, regulations, and court decisions.
Prepares summaries of findings for attorneys including sound legal

research and analysis of key issues.
Provides non-complex legal advice.
Drafts contracts, patent applications, resolutions, and other legal

documents and tracks litigation.
203
Family: Legal (LG)

Paralegal II
Reference Level: 14
Provides assistance and support to legal staff in gathering information,
researching the law, and preparing opinions and legal documents. This is an
experienced professional. Typically requires formal training and an
understanding of the organization gained through experience.
Gathers factual information relative to legal issues, providing general

assistance to attorneys/solicitors.
Researches statutes, regulations, and court decisions.
Prepares summaries of findings for attorneys/solicitors.
Drafts contracts, patent applications, resolutions, and other legal

documents.
Prepares filings and tracks litigation.
May undertake basic legal work and prepare reports.
Has a thorough understanding of all aspects of the legal department's work

and its context in the organization as a whole.
204
Family: Legal (LG)

Paralegal I
Reference Level: 13
May also be called: Articled Clerk, Legal Executive. Provides assistance and
support to legal staff in gathering information, researching the law, and
preparing opinions and legal documents. Has knowledge of legal
documentation. This is an entry level professional, with new qualifications and
limited experience. Receives frequent direction and supervision from more
experienced paralegals or attorneys/solicitors.
Provides general assistance to attorneys/solicitors involving a variety of

legal work, including the gathering of factual information relative to legal
issues.
Prepares and completes legal documents.
Provides legal advice to other departments in connection with specialist

areas.
Gains a thorough understanding of the legal department's work and its

context in the organization as a whole.
205
Legal
Professional Lawyers
206
207
Family: Legal (LG)

Function: Professional Lawyers (LGB)
Legal Advisor IV
Reference Level: 20
As a recognized specialist in a complex field of law, provides expert legal
services to one or more operating departments as complex legal assignments
are completed. This is a legal advisor who can demonstrate increasing
competence in applying basic legal skills and departmental practices, plus
evidence of maturity and judgment to help analyze and solve legal problems
and deal with clients and outsiders. Typically requires nine or more years of
experience.
Works closely with senior management to evaluate legal impact of major

decisions where applicable law, regulations or facts of the case are
unclear, controversial or conflicting.
Writes legal opinions that sometimes require extensive research of

statutes, regulations or court decisions in complex areas of the law.
Prepares defense positions engaging outside counsel as required.

Litigations usually involve complex or difficult issues that require a high
degree of original and constructive legal effort as they are resolved.
Recommends that cases be tried or settled.
Has increasing contact with clients to receive work that can be handled
without supervision.
Continues usual lawyer's functions of research, preparing legal documents,

negotiating with outside parties, rendering opinions, consulting with and
advising clients, and representing the company in dealing with others.
May recruit lawyers and law clerks at law schools.
Explains problems, ideas, and concepts to junior attorneys that are to be

incorporated into work assignments.
208
Family: Legal (LG)

Legal Advisor III

Reference Level: 19
Provides full legal services to one or more departments or operating units. Has
an ongoing relationship and accountability for the unit being served. This is an
operational specialist, but not usually a top legal expert in the organization.
Work assignments consist of major legal tasks involving problems of
recognized complexity and facts that are occasionally in question, for which
considerable legal judgment, experience, and independent reasoning are
needed. Typically requires five to eight years of experience and the ability to
demonstrate competence in applying basic legal skills consistent with
departmental practices.
Counsels management whenever legally unsound decisions or plans are

being made or when changes in the law occur.
Supervises preparation of the defense in litigation; works with outside

counsel to develop the defense, briefs and guides them, and supervises
their work.
Assists in court trials and recommends whether a case should be tried or

settled.
Provides research, factual information, counsel, and guidance on legal

questions or issues.
Prepares memoranda, initial drafts, and final drafts of legal documents.
Maintains client contact to receive work, render opinions, and consult and
advise; some work handled without supervision or consultation.
209
Family: Legal (LG)

Legal Advisor II
Reference Level: 18
Provides legal service to one or more assigned departments or units of the
organization. Work involves facts usually not in question, that can be defined
or established within the clear definition of the law. Problems are characterized
by clear and specific objectives. Matters in question typically have measurable
impact on the assigned department or unit. Incumbent receives general
supervision from a more senior legal advisor. Follows precedents and works
independently on a daily basis. Assignments require some discretion as to their
scope. Key points of work are reviewed with alternative courses of action, and
unusual situations are presented to the superior for review. Typically requires
three to five years of experience and the ability to demonstrate knowledge of
basic legal skills and departmental practices.
Provides research, factual information, counsel, and guidance on basic

legal questions or issues, usually in support of more senior attorneys.
Assists in analysis of issues to identify legal problems.
Prepares memoranda and initial drafts of legal documents. Examines

documents for legal sufficiency.
Receives assignments from more senior legal advisors.
May be in the initial phase of specialization in one area of law.
Negotiates and drafts documentation for various company transactions.
Provides research, factual information, counsel, and guidance on legal

questions or issues.
Assists in the preparation of cases for litigation, reviewing complex

documents relating to transactions in which the company is to participate.
Provides legal advice to several commercial sections of the company and

in administrative matters relating to personnel, property leases, etc.
210
Family: Legal (LG)

Legal Advisor I
Reference Level: 16
Investigates facts that are well-established and not in question. Handles
situations where directly applicable precedents exist, and where the matter in
question typically does not have a major impact on the organization. Closely
supervised by a more senior legal advisor, with well-described assignments,
and thorough work reviews. Typically requires little or no prior legal
experience and is newly-qualified, so competence has yet to be demonstrated.
Provides research, factual information, counsel, and guidance on basic

legal questions or issues, usually in support of more senior legal advisors.
Assists in analysis of issues to identify legal problems.
Prepares memoranda and initial drafts of legal documents. Examines

documents for legal sufficiency.
Receives assignments from senior legal advisors.
May be in the initial phase of specialization in one area of law.
211
Corporate Affairs
Government Relations
212
213
Family: Corporate Affairs (CA)

Function: Government Relations (CAA)
Government Relations
Representative/Lobbyist
Reference Level: 19
Protects, maintains, and enhances the organizations reputation amongst
government stakeholders and influencers by providing a regular interface and
communicator for the organization with various government personnel. This is
a seasoned professional who interacts with elected and career officials to
exchange information about the organization and its interests and concerns.
Although not a policy maker, contributes to the definition of issues and
preparation of action plans to protect, maintain, and enhance the organizations
reputation.
Advises on communications implications for the organizations plans and

actions to ensure government opinion and other factors which could affect
the organization are taken into account.
Monitors and analyzes pending legislation and regulations which may

impact the organization's operations and alerts management.
Analyzes alternatives and recommends appropriate action.
Plans and coordinates an appropriate contact program between

government representatives and senior representatives of the organization.
Prepares position papers and news releases.
Advocates organization's position with government representatives.
Maintains communication links.
214

Function: Government Relations (CAA)
Government Relations Professional

Reference Level: 16
Provides professional support to senior staff in the area of government
relations.
Has knowledge of government policies affecting the companys business area,
and ability to interpret government affairs in light of companys operations.
Prepares materials for meetings and other events involving government

representatives.
Responds to enquiries from government representatives in accordance

with companys confidentiality standards.
Monitors, analyzes and interprets existing and proposed government

legislation and its impact on the companys activities.
May interface directly with mid level government authority professionals.
Coordinates various events and participates in programs to promote and

improve the company's image.
215
Corporate Affairs
Regulatory and Registration
216
217

Function: Regulatory and Registration (CAB)
Regulatory Affairs Manager

Reference Level: 19
Manages regulatory affairs activities and ensures regulatory compliance in all
companys business transactions.
Ensures that companys regulatory affairs activities are conducted

according to relevant regulations, laws, and standards.
Oversees the companys regulatory application process to obtain all

necessary permits, licenses, certificates, authorizations, etc.
Establishes and maintains good relationship with regulatory authorities.
Liaises with senior level regulatory authorities and participates in industry

forums to influence regulatory policies.
Interfaces with functional managers and understands their business needs

(e.g. introducing a new product, entering a new market) for acquiring
necessary regulatory permits.
Provides advisory to companys management on emerging regulations and

developments in industry.
Manages a team of regulatory affairs professionals.
218

Regulatory Affairs Professional II

Reference Level: 16
Responsible for administering and processing regulatory function needs.
Ensures that regulatory frameworks translated into regulatory policies are
implemented.
Has knowledge of regulatory policies and regulations affecting the companys
business area, and ability to interpret regulations in light of operations.
Prepares applications for the permits, licenses, certificates, authorizations,

and other approvals to conduct companys business activities.
Coordinates the regulatory application processes.
Communicates with other company departments to ensure registration

component needs and timing.
May interface directly with mid level regulatory authority professionals.
Ensures monitoring and analysis of pending legislation and regulations

that may impact the companys operations, and alerts superior.
Provides complex analytical and technical support to Regulatory function.
219

Regulatory Affairs Professional I

Reference Level: 14
Provides day-to-day support to superiors and senior staff to ensure compliance
with existing regulatory policies.
Assists in the processes of product qualification and certification with

regulatory agencies.
Documents and maintains product dossiers, certifications, licenses, etc.

required to operate.
Provides support to superiors in the development of position papers.
Is in the learning process of understanding of the existing regulatory

policies.
Provides monitoring and analytical support to ensure internal compliance

with regulatory policies.
220
221
Corporate Affairs
Public Relations and Communications
222
223

Function: Public Relations and Communications (CAC)
Communications Director
Reference Level: 19
Defines and implements external and internal communications strategy to meet
business objectives. Champions importance and best practice of
communications to raise companys profile and generate greater involvement in
day-to-day affairs.
Plans and implements the companys communication strategy.
Initiates, designs and manages events with press, public, associations

according to the communication strategy.
Facilitates discussions on communications approach or sensitive business

initiatives with business heads.
Supports business heads in case of communication to media with the

purpose to match the business plan objectives.
Works with business heads incorporate core values into meaningful

language.
Acts as spokesman of the company and oversees companys speech

writing.
Manages a small team of communications support, typically five

employees or less.
224

Communications Manager
Reference Level: 17
Ensures communication programs are implemented in line with budgets and
overall organizational policies. Typically requires a marketing degree and at
least five years experience in communication area.
Oversees research and planning and provides final edits of

communications documentation.
Manages planning and execution of communication projects.
Implements internal and external communication programs in conjugation

with related areas of the organization to ensure desired outcomes within
budgets and organizational policies.
Oversees the development and maintenance of intranet and companys

web site.
Acts as liaison with department managers in order to implement internal

communication programs.
Monitors and tracks information relevant to the company published on

press, checks their coherence, and recommends / takes appropriate actions
as needed.
Manages a small team of communications support, typically three

employees or less.
225

Communications Specialist
Reference Level: 15
Responsible for communications content that is delivered within and beyond an
organization. Typically requires a marketing degree and a couple years
experience in communications area.
Creates communications content and executes communication programs in

line with established policies.
Follows communication plans and shares company information through a

combination of methods such as an internal / external company website,
electronic and print newsletters, brochures, posters, flyers, etc.
Promotes communication guidelines for all employees to use.
Edits all communications written by company executives.
Measures and presents results of communications efforts.
226

Corporate Social Responsibility

Manager
Reference Level: 18
Leads the corporate social responsibility effort to build companys ongoing
commitment in becoming a more sustainable, environmentally-friendly and
socially responsible company.
Develops and leads corporate responsibility and sustainability strategy,

communication and programs.
Advises, guides and works with brand teams, sales leaders and other
functions to integrate business responsibility and environmental
sustainability into brand and sales planning.
Identifies new growth opportunities through commercializing

responsibility and sustainability within the company.
Advocates corporate responsibility to various audiences, internally and

externally, conveying key company/brand actions and efforts.
Leads the development of business cases, including return on investment

assessments to make go/no go decisions for marketing- and corporate
responsibility-related initiatives.
227

Corporate Social Responsibility

Specialist
Reference Level: 15
Provides professional support to the corporate social responsibility team to
build companys ongoing commitment in becoming a more sustainable,
environmentally-friendly and socially responsible company.
Ensures that the corporate social responsibility (CSR) companys program

is kept current for all regulations and market trends.
Studies, researches and reports on CSR trends, policy and competitive best
practices in order to identify program gaps and business or legislative
trends that could shape the program.
Works with various companys functions and coordinates the CSR

reporting process.
Coordinates CSR companys internal communication.
Works with compliance managers to ensure policies and best practices are
in place.
228

Public Relations Representative II, I

Coordinates and supervises public relations activities that facilitate
communication of the organization's message to internal and external publics.
This is a seasoned individual contributor who can carry out a project with only
limited review after the general framework has been agreed upon.
Generates and evaluates new ideas for articles, press releases, events, etc.
and ensures coordination and consistency with desired organizational
image. Presents ideas to management.
Delegates activities/projects among less experienced assistants, monitors

progress, and provides guidance as appropriate, to ensure timely results.
Serves as liaison with PR agencies, news agencies, event organizers, etc.

to ensure project goals are met and timetable/budget parameters are kept.
Writes/edits significant internal and external communications pieces,

including management speeches and parts of annual reports.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to the number of employees that work with the organization as
the principal guide for determining the appropriate job match.
Number of employees:
II
Reference Level 17
I
Reference Level 16
> 1,000
< 1,000
229

Public Relations Assistant

Reference Level: 14
Carries out public relations activities that facilitate communication of the
organization's message to internal and external publics. This is an individual
contributor with limited experience who carries out projects with specific
direction and periodic review of progress and results.
Researches and gathers information for articles, press releases, events, etc.
Assists in planning projects.
Writes/edits internal and external communications, including management

speeches and parts of annual reports, as outlined by others.

to monitor compliance with timetable/budget parameters.
230

Investor Relations Specialist

Reference Level: 16
Contributes to the management of the relationship with investors by preparing
the relevant documents in order to guarantee updated and clear information on
company business strategies, performance and financial results.
Provides analyses and reports on companys stock performance, market

positioning against competitors and financial analysts studies.
Prepares fund factsheets, reports on company strategies, business

performance and financial results and other marketing material for the
public financial communication.
Develops and maintains relationships with securities analysts, institutional

and retail investors, retail brokers, fund managers, financial journalists,
vendors and contractors.
Monitors the accuracy and inclusion of public corporate information that

can impact the company stock performance.
Researches current issues and trends in investor relations.
231

Social Media Specialist

Reference Level: 15
Conducts the communication of the corporate image through social media
networks and tools.
Typically requires two to three years of relevant experience.
Monitors company online communities and presence.
Makes initial responses to inquiries, complaints, comments, and other

contacts generated through social media and coordinates escalations or
further communications.
Pushes the company message to online communities, media, analysts and

the general public.
Creates marketing opportunities to drive favorable coverage by building

relationships with social network influencers.
Maintains the social network page, blog and micro-blogging content for
internal and external communications.
232
233
Marketing
234
235
Family: Marketing (MK)

Function: Spanning (MKZ)
Marketing Manager II
Reference Level: 19
Manages and coordinates company's marketing function across sub-functions
such as market research, brand/product management, trade management, and
promotions to meet companys business requirements. This is the top
marketing position for a specific location but is governed by policies and
frameworks established by the larger corporation.

proposes and implements marketing strategies, guidelines and procedures
within broad principles and policies set by the organization to meet
marketing requirements supporting short and long-term business needs.
Oversees market research and monitors competitor activity to identify

opportunities and trends within existing and new market segments and to
ensure that appropriate response strategies are formulated and
communicated.
Oversees the development of marketing plans for companys

products/brands, including pricing strategies, sales plans, and
implementation of product strategies.
Develops and attains key performance indicators for implemented

marketing strategies.
Oversees brand/product introductions, marketing/sales campaigns,

promotion activities, and advertising and assesses their success against the
plan.
Ensures connection between marketing and sales functions and supervises

their joint work with distribution channels.
Contributes to the development of new products and services and

coordinates with sales, engineering, and manufacturing functions on
design, product specifications and product enhancements/changes as
needed.

department.
Scope Variants
236
Reference Level 20
Reference Level 19
Reference Level 18

revenue
< 50 million USD
Size of
team:
Team of 10 to 30
professional staff
members is common.
Team of up to 10
professional staff
members is common.
Team of more than 30

professional staff members
including sub-team leaders
or supervisors is common.
237

Function: Spanning (MKZ)
Marketing Manager I
Reference Level: 17
Manages and coordinates company's marketing function including market
research, brand/product management, and promotions to meet companys
business requirements. This is the top marketing position for a specific location
but is governed by policies and frameworks established by the larger
corporation.
Implements established marketing policies, procedures, and practices to

meet requirements supporting short and long-term business needs.
Conducts market research and monitors competitor activity to identify

opportunities and trends within existing and new market segments.
Develops marketing plans for companys products/brands, including

pricing strategies, sales plans, and implements product strategies.
Develops and attains key performance indicators for implemented

Manages brand/product introductions, marketing/sales campaigns,

promotion activities, and advertising and assesses their success against the
plan.
Ensures connection between marketing and sales functions and supervises


marketing professionals.
238
239
Marketing
Market Research
240
241

Function: Market Research (MKA)
Market Research Manager

Reference Level: 18
Supervises the data collection and analysis of customer needs/reaction to
products and services to assist in the development of marketing and sales
strategies. This is a manager with expertise in study design and interpretation,
as well as a broad understanding of the organization's products, services, and
markets. Typical context of this position is a sales turnover of around $25
million.
Provides marketing and sales management with sound market and product
assessment data for planning new products, revitalizing older products,
and integrating products and services.
Works with marketing and business management to identify information

needs.
Supervises the design, implementation, and reporting of all market

research projects by outside agencies, to ensure adherence to budget and
compliance with project specifications.
Supervises a team of market research analysts through recruitment,

performance evaluation, and motivation.
Interprets research findings and compiles recommendations for marketing

and sales management.
242

Market Analyst III

Reference Level: 17
Monitors and evaluates market trends and activities in order to identify areas in
the market where business can be developed and to propose marketing
strategies which will improve the trading position and profitability of the
organization.
Monitors sales volume and contribution potential of all brands/products to

ensure that marketing plans are soundly based and promotional funds are
allocated accordingly.
Develops and maintains relations with the organization's retail customers

to monitor their business developments and recommend corrective action
to marketing plans where necessary.
Identifies trade and/or market segments where the trading position could
be improved. Makes relevant proposals to ensure that all opportunities are
exploited short-term, and relationships are developed longer-term.
Provides results and information to the sales teams and updates individual
account strategies.
Develops promotional activities for trade/retail in order to maintain

margins and reinforce product/brand image.
Conducts market research to identify new business developments and

trends, as well as competitor activity.
243

Market Analyst II
Reference Level: 16
Analyzes and reports on customer segments and trends to identify product and
market opportunities where business can be developed. This is a well-seasoned
individual contributor, market research analyst. Has a sound knowledge of
techniques and a good understanding of the organization's products, services,
and markets.
Monitors and evaluates the success of the organization's marketing

programs and segmentation strategies through analysis of customer and
sales data, and reports on patterns and trends.
Participates in the design of special internal or external studies to provide

focused data.
Conducts or oversees contract studies.
Interprets the results of special studies.
Contributes to the development or revision of marketing strategies.
244

Market Analyst I
Reference Level: 15
Monitors and assesses sales and market data and produces reports which will
assist management in identifying areas in the market where business can be
developed and in strategy formulation.
Monitors and assesses all market related and customer information and
feedback where appropriate, to ensure that the organization maintains an
edge over competitors.
Monitors and assesses sales volume and contribution potential for the
organization's brands in all trade sectors and in all retail accounts, to
certify that relevant information is used in developing appropriate
Builds and maintains close working relationships with sales and marketing
and ensures that trade and market intelligence is provided.
Assists in the development of custom-made trade promotions which will

assure that margins are maintained, while reinforcing brand and customer
image.
Liaises with the press and relevant PR contacts.
Monitors and controls project budgets and forecasts for forthcoming

promotions expenditures.
245

Marketing Research Analyst II

Reference Level: 14
Performs analyses of market conditions, trends, and forecasts under the
direction of more senior analysts/officers or management.
Performs specific components of a larger project directed by a senior

professional.
Gathers information on market trends and activities, enabling marketing

research management to monitor and evaluate market trends and activities
in order to propose marketing strategies.
Analyzes and reports on customer segments and trends to allow marketing

research management to identify product and market opportunities.
246

Marketing Research Analyst I

Reference Level: 13
Accountable for performing analyses of market conditions, trends, and
forecasts under the direction of more senior analysts/officers or management.
This is an entry level position. Typically requires secondary (high school, nondegree) education only.
Performs analyses of market conditions, trends, and forecasts and prepares

reports for more senior analysts/officers or management.
Gathers information on market trends and activities, enabling marketing

research management to monitor and evaluate market trends and activities
in order to propose marketing strategies.
247
Marketing
Brand/Product Management
248
249

Function: Brand/Product Management (MKB)
Brand/Product Manager IV
Reference Level: 19
Develops overall plans/programs for specific product lines/markets through the
assignment of specific project tasks to project team members. Size and/or
complexity of this market is such that more than one professional is usually
required to integrate all of the related activities.
Directs team members to develop business and marketing plans for

assigned products/brands, including pricing strategies, sales plans, and
implementation strategies.
Oversees market research and analysis, promotions, public relations, and

advertising associated with assigned brands or products, and assesses their
success against the plan. Responsible for budgetary compliance and profit
volume.
Coordinates regularly with sales, engineering, and manufacturing

functions on design, distribution, and product specifications/changes as
needed.
Participates in training for junior brand managers and field and customer
service personnel on brand/product introductions, enhancements, and new
marketing/sales campaigns.
250

Brand/Product Manager III

Reference Level: 18
Develops the overall plans/programs for a discrete product, brand or significant
business segment. Assists in the development of new/existing products and
markets in order to effectively contribute to the achievement of the
organization's business and marketing objectives. Typically requires
significant sales experience to understand this product and its markets, as well
as training in planning and market research techniques.
Develops business and marketing plans for assigned products/brands,

including pricing strategies, sales plans, and implementation strategies.
Participates in and evaluates market research and analysis, promotions,

public relations, and advertising associated with assigned brands or
products, and assesses their success against the plan.
Works closely with sales, engineering, and manufacturing functions on

design, distribution, and product specifications/changes as needed.
Participates in training for field and customer service personnel on

brand/product introductions or enhancements, as well as new
marketing/sales campaigns.
Liaises with specialist departments to ensure the effective operation and

production of new/revised products.
Negotiates with other internal departments, in order to agree on new

product opportunities or developments within set time-scales and budgets.
May supervise one or two assistants.
251

Brand/Product Manager II
Reference Level: 17
Proposes, implements, and monitors brand/product marketing plans to achieve
sales and profit objectives for allocated brands/products.
Controls expenditure within budget for new product development and

promotions.
Prepares brand/product marketing plans and discontinuation plans to

ensure that the product range is in tune with market opportunities.
Prepares sales and profit estimates and project manages production and
distribution for promotions, etc.
Liaises with internal departments and external agencies to ensure full

communication and success of marketing plans.
Contributes to creativity of product packaging, presentation, and

promotional activities.
Constantly monitors performance of managed brands/products to ensure it

meets organization objectives.
Ensures effective administration of brands/products through marketing

proposals, product briefs, brand plans, etc.
Identifies new business opportunities for new products, re-launches,

packaging changes, and range extensions, and proposes initial plans to
exploit these opportunities.
252

Brand/Product Manager I
Reference Level: 16
Administers tactical programs of an assigned brand/product line and assists in
the development of overall plans and programs. Focuses on a specific, discrete
brand or product, primarily as an implementer rather than a developer.
Typically requires prior sales experience or marketing training.
Tracks and analyzes brand/product performance and trends in terms of

volume and profitability.
Maintains close contact with sales, manufacturing, and distribution

functions to sense business conditions and trends.
Administers pricing and inventory programs on a daily basis.
Coordinates and/or conducts special studies and promotional projects.
Contributes to business and marketing plan development and

modification.
253

Assistant Brand/Product Manager

Reference Level: 15
Assists in the initiation, development, coordination, and monitoring of assigned
marketing activities for relevant products/brands and/or development programs.
This is an entry-level position.
Contributes to the development of short- and long-term business and

marketing plans for assigned products/brands.
Contributes to the planning, monitoring, execution, and evaluation of

advertising media, consumer and trade promotions, price, quality,
packaging, and PR programs.
Contributes to development and implementation of brand/product

development plans and monitors progress of specific projects.
Liaises with sales and marketing services in analyzing and evaluating

general market and sales data on assigned brands/products, to monitor
volume/business trends versus plan.
Reviews new product development and product analysis in order to

maintain awareness of trends and activities.
Monitors advertising and promotion expenditure on assigned

products/brands to control budgets.
Prepares and presents assigned product/brand business reviews and

forecasts.
254

Innovation Manager
Reference Level: 19
Exploits ideas, identifies innovation opportunities, and translates ideas into
actionable and profitable business.
Defines business innovation objectives while understanding existing

market needs and business gaps.
Gathers ideas to grow the business using various resources such as

market information, consumer insight, personal networks, people that
might not otherwise interact, etc.
Provides constructive coaching to stimulate and research unusual

ideas with high potential business impact.
Combines creativity and feasibility to establish innovation plans

supported by financial estimates of the business opportunity.
Engages key stakeholders across the business to ensure successful

implementation of innovation projects.
Leads multi-disciplinary project teams to develop and refine product

prototypes into solutions that best fit the companys business.
255
Marketing
Trade Marketing
256
257

Function: Trade Marketing (MKC)
Trade Marketing Manager

Reference Level: 18
Contributes to implementation and management of trading policies defined for
the company/division. Identifies, suggests, and implements the annual plan for
promotions and merchandising activities aimed at consolidating and developing
the companys presence in the relevant market, in line with guidelines received
and company marketing policies. Ensures connection between marketing and
sales departments, gathering, interpreting, and sorting information to be
exchanged between the two functions and supervising their joint work with
distribution channels. May report to either to a functional marketing or sales
head.
Develops and submits the annual plan of promotional activities by brand,

customer, period, and price, in cooperation with the sales department and
on the basis of analyses, market evaluations, historical trends, and
indications provided by the manager, in compliance with marketing
policies defined by the company.
Ensures implementation of the trade marketing plan, performing the

relevant checks and corrective actions in case of deviations and on the
basis of market evolutions.
Defines and submits merchandising policies and assures implementation

through management and control of the relevant external structure.
Keeps updated and has full knowledge of the market, from both the supply
and the demand point of view, through ongoing monitoring of trends and
evolutions.
Contributes to the development of analyses to support the sales function,

and provides timely information for other departments and management.
258

Assistant Trade Marketing Manager

Reference Level: 15
Assists with implementation and management of trading policies defined for
the company/division. Supports management in identifying, suggesting, and
implementing the annual plan for promotions and merchandising activities
aimed at consolidating and developing the companys presence in the relevant
market, in line with guidelines received and company marketing policies.
Contributes to the connection between marketing and sales departments,
gathering, interpreting, and sorting information to be exchanged between the
two functions and assisting management in supervising their joint work with
distribution channels. This is an entry level position.
Contributes to the development and submission of the annual plan of

promotional activities by brand, customer, period, and price, in
cooperation with the sales department and on the basis of analyses, market
evaluations, analyses of historical trends, and indications provided by the
management, in compliance with marketing policies defined by the
company.
Contributes to the implementation of the trade marketing plan, performing

the relevant checks and recommending corrective actions, in case of
deviations and on the basis of market evolutions.
Contributes to the development, submission, and implementation of

merchandising policies through monitoring and making recommendations
for management and control of the relevant external structure.
Keeps updated and has full knowledge of the market, from both the supply
and the demand point of view, through ongoing monitoring of trends and
evolutions.
Contributes to the development of analyses to support the sales function,

and provides timely information for other departments and management.
259

Pricing Manager
Reference Level: 18
Responsible for developing and defining pricing for company products.
Requires a seasoned professional, typically with seven years of relevant
experience.
Works closely with various functional areas across the organization

including sales, marketing, and finance.
Develops pricing policies for companys products in line with companys

pricing strategy.
Prepares reports and pricing models for management.
Evaluates risk, develops, and recommends price points for both new and
existing product business lines.
Researches and resolves pricing issues and analyzes market demands for
competitive pricing.
Ensures pricing strategy is aligned with business goals.
260

Pricing Analyst
Reference Level: 15
Provides analytical support to a pricing manager by generating, evaluating, and
recommending pricing scenarios for company products and services. The
position requires a professional, typically with three to five years of relevant
experience.
Researches, collects, analyzes statistical pricing information, and prepares

reports based on actual costs, competitive market dynamics, company
policies, government regulations and business objectives.
Conducts detailed pricing estimates, develops pricing models, and

recommends pricing scenarios.
Seeks input from various functional areas across company including

manufacturing, sales, marketing, product development and finance.
Stays current on pricing trends and product offerings and collaborate with
vendors to understand which factors influence prices.
Explores new marketing opportunities and risks.
261
Marketing
Promotions and Advertising
262
263

Function: Promotions and Advertising (MKD)
Market Communications Manager

Reference Level: 17
Coordinates and supervises promotion activities that raise customer awareness
of product offerings. This is a seasoned individual contributor who can carry
out a project with only limited review after the general framework has been
agreed upon.
Generates and evaluates new ideas for promotions, articles, press releases,
publicity, etc. and ensures coordination and consistency with internal
marketing/advertising/sales professionals. Presents ideas to management
as appropriate.
Delegates activities/projects among junior representatives, monitors

progress, and provides guidance as appropriate, to ensure timely results.

to ensure project goals are met and timetable/budget parameters are kept.

264

Promotions Manager
Reference Level: 16
Markets the organization's products or services using point of sale materials,
promotional activities, and media, within agreed budgets, in order to maximize
sales and achieve organization objectives.
Devises and implements promotional activities, such a customer

incentives, to maximize sales.
Advises the buying department on competitors pricing and promotional

campaigns.
Continually monitors product/brand performance and liaises with the sales

department to formulate action plans.
Controls the placement of organization advertising and liaises with

advertising agencies to develop ideas and campaigns.
Communicates campaigns/promotions and plans to outlets and other

internal management departments.
Generates marketing ideas and plans in line with organization image and
objectives.
265

Promotions Assistant
Reference Level: 13
Assists with creation and implementation of promotional programs, in order to
generate maximum awareness.
Monitors promotions activity and provides information during all stages of

development.
Generates and evaluates ideas for new promotions in order to ensure

consistency with brand/product image.
Assists the promotions managers in liaising with the sales department in

order to provide support for day-to-day problems.
Coordinates all aspects of promotional activity.
Communicates with internal marketing functions and external agencies to

monitor time table and progress.
Acts as events manager in coordinating with organizers and the sales

department.
Liaises with press and PR agencies or internal departments to monitor

progress and exchange information.
Assists with monitoring project budgets.
266
267
Marketing
E-Commerce
268
269

Function: E-Commerce (MKE)
E-Commerce Manager
Reference Level: 18
Also known as Online Marketing Manager.
Implements online marketing strategy using consumer research and analytics to
best reach the target consumer and achieve optimal efficiency and
effectiveness. This is an expert in the needs and behaviors of the targeted
online consumer. Typically requires eight years of marketing experience and
an in-depth understanding of e-commerce.
Develops strategies and plans for implementing new features, tools, and
processes for online customers.
Assists in developing and maintaining the annual marketing calendar.
Manages effectiveness and analysis of marketing campaigns in order to

make adjustments.
Ensures training and development of e-commerce product managers.
May be responsible for an e-commerce sub-function such as e-mail

campaigns, paid search marketing, customer relationships or website
promotions.
Must remain up-to-date on current and emerging e-commerce trends.
270

E-Commerce Product Manager

Reference Level: 16
Accountable for the selection, design, and specification of a standalone ecommerce product. Typically requires five years of marketing experience and
a sound understanding of e-commerce.
Investigates and selects profitable product lines within guidelines outlined

in the marketing strategy.
Plans product concepts and specifications and may investigate and

recommend suitable sources.
Monitors performance of products/product lines.
Works with cross-functional teams and key business partners to define and
envision new product features.
Understands which products sell effectively and profitably through the

web and pursues potential e-commerce product lines.
271

E-Commerce Analyst
Reference Level: 14
Also known as Online Marketing Specialist or Measurement Solutions Analyst.
Responsible for collecting, analyzing, and reporting data to measure the impact
of online marketing vehicles and online features and services. Typically
requires two to three years of market research experience and a good
background of e-commerce.
Conducts analyses on data, including site traffic, click navigations, page

performance, shopping behavior, and purchase conversion.
Creates regular reports on companys e-commerce performance, trends,

and market specifics.
May write online content with the goal of attracting customers and
increasing sales.
Assists e-commerce staff in developing promotional content.
272
273
Category Management
Category Management
274
275
Family: Category Management (CM)

Function: Category Management (CMA)
Category Manager IV
Reference Level: 20
Develops the category strategy/strategies and achieves sales, profitability,
waste, and market share targets within company policies, principles, and
specific objectives.
Uses trends analysis to develop and deliver category business plans and
performance targets.
Provides coaching and leadership, ensuring the development of necessary

skills in a team based environment.
Monitors and achieves targeted objectives for market performance,

efficiency, and financial performance as specified.
Monitors category team activities and performance such as range

planning, pricing, promotions, merchandising, and stock management.
Develops and manages strategies and partnerships to sustain business

performance.
276

Category Manager III, II, I

Position Number: 1111, 1112, 1113
Reference Level: 19, 18, 17
Develops the sales plan for category/categories to achieve turnover and
profitability within set waste and market share targets, company policies,
principles, and specific objectives.
Defines and develops the product, price, place, and promotion for the
category/categories.
Keeps up-to-date with concerns from other departments, especially

marketing and sales.
Deepens understanding of practices in the category.
Perfects methods and tools that permit the conception of new in-store
categories/product groupings.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to turnover as the principal guide for determining the
appropriate job match.
III
Reference Level
19
II
Reference Level
18
I
Reference Level
17
Turnover
($Million)
100 to 300
< 100
< 30
Category
size
Major
category/categories
Major category
Minor
sub-category /
sub-categories
277

Category Analyst
Reference Level: 15
Analyzes data to provide customer driven product ranges for development and
achievement of specific category sales plans. Typically requires two to three
years of experience in marketing, finance or logistics, and numerical, PC, and
analytical skills, and commercial awareness.
Analyzes financial trends involving sales, wastage, profit margins, pricing,

and promotion trends.
Analyzes customer trends such as customer segmentation, demographics,

and market share.
Analyzes product and market trends.
Keeps abreast of competitor trends on all of the above.
Based on trends analysis, makes recommendations to category team.
278

Category Assistant
Reference Level: 13
Assists in the provision and analysis of product and customer data under the
direction of more senior category analysts and managers. This is an entry level
position. Typically requires strong numerical and analytical skills, along with
commercial awareness.
Assists in the analysis of financial trends involving sales, wastage, profit

margins, pricing, and promotion trends.
Assists in the analysis of customer trends such as customer segmentation,

demographics, and market share.
Assists in the analysis of product and market trends.
Keeps abreast of competitor trends on all of the above.
279
280
Sales
281
282
Family: Sales (SL)

Function: Spanning (SLZ)
Sales Manager II
Reference Level: 19
Manages and coordinates the company's sales function across sub-functions
such as sales support and training, territory sales, and key account sales to meet
companys business requirements. This is the top sales position for a specific
location but is governed by policies and frameworks established by the larger
corporation.

proposes and implements sales strategies, guidelines and procedures
within broad principles and policies set by the organization to meet sales
Oversees marketing strategies aimed at strengthening the company's sales

position and profitability.
Oversees development and implementation of territory and national/key

account sales strategies, identification of business opportunities, and
pinpointing problem areas.
Ensures that territory and national/key account sales goals are achieved
through the effective placement and motivation of regional sales
managers, national/key sales staff, sales representatives and support
professionals.
Maintains coordination with integral organization functions and directs the

flow of information for sales activities and transactions, including leads,
contracts, global agreements, etc.

department.
Scope Variants
Reference Level 20
Sales
revenue
>150 million USD
Reference Level 19
283
Reference Level 18
< 50 million USD
Size of
team:

professional staff
Team of 10 to 30
professional staff
members is common.
284
Team of up to 10
professional staff
members is common.
Family: Sales (SL)

Function: Spanning (SLZ)
Sales Manager I
Reference Level: 17
Manages and coordinates the company's sales function including sales support
and training, territory sales, and key account sales to meet companys business
requirements. This is the top sales position for a specific location but is
Implements established sales policies, procedures, and practices to meet

Develops and implements territory and key account sales strategies aimed
at strengthening the company's market position and profitability; identifies
business opportunities, and pinpoints problem areas.
Develops and attains key performance indicators for implemented sales

strategies.
Ensures that territory and key account sales goals are achieved through the
effective placement and motivation of sales representatives, key account
sales staff, and support professionals.
Ensures connection between sales and marketing functions and supervises

Manages, motivates and assesses performance of a small team of sales

professionals.
285
286
Sales
Support, Training and Sales Effectiveness
287
288
Family: Sales (SL)

Function: Support, Training and Sales Effectiveness (SLA)
Sales Plans and Programs Manager

Reference Level: 18
Monitors and assesses market situations and trends in order to propose
marketing strategies aimed at strengthening the company's sales position and
profitability.
Checks sales volumes and potential contributions of all products/brands, to

ensure that marketing plans have a strong basis and promotional funds are
allocated accordingly.
Develops and maintains relationships with company

customers/distributors to monitor activities, suggesting corrective actions
to marketing policies if required.
Identifies market segments and/or niches where the company's position

can be strengthened. Suggests particular actions ensuring that all
opportunities are seized in the short-term.
Reports results and information to the sales team and updates individual
turnover targets.
Develops promotional activities for wholesale/retail distribution, aimed at

complying with operational budget and strengthening product/brand
image.
Carries out market research aimed at identifying new business

developments, trends, and developments in competitors' activities.
289
Family: Sales (SL)

Sales Plans and Programs Specialist

Reference Level: 16
Monitors and assesses market and sales data and provides information helping
sales and marketing executives formulate strategies.
Checks and assesses all information concerning markets and customers, to

ensure that the company keeps competitive edge over competitors.
Checks and assesses sales volumes and potential contribution provided by

company brands in all market sectors and in the network, to ensure
development of proper marketing strategies.
Develops and keeps close working relationships with sales and marketing
departments, ensuring maintenance of market share and allowing the
company to seize all opportunities as they arise.
Takes part in the development of customized promotional initiatives able

to provide set margins while strengthening company brand and image
among customers.
Responsible for relationships with the press and carries out simple public
relations activities.
Checks projects, budgets, and forecasts related to forthcoming promotions.
290
Family: Sales (SL)

Sales Effectiveness Manager

Reference Level: 18
Develops and leads the sales and marketing effectiveness strategy to enable
sales professionals to succeed at each stage of the customers buying process
and ultimately earn the business on the right terms in the right timeframe.
Builds strong collaborative relationship between sales, marketing,

customer service and other functions.
Assesses and evaluates the effectiveness of sales force practice.
Initiates reviews of customer relationship management systems, sales

processes and incentive programs.
Develops and leads the delivery of sales and marketing and operational
excellence programs.
Implements standardized selling model and activity metrics.
Identifies performance improvement opportunities.
Assesses structure and organizational design to ensure that resources are

appropriately deployed behind key business drives.
291
Family: Sales (SL)

Sales Effectiveness Analyst

Reference Level: 15
Provides analytical support to the sales effectiveness team and supports the
team in improving sales processes, systems and driving sales force efficiency.
Provides and manages the design, development and implementation of

complex sales analyses and comparative reports.
Monitors, analyzes and evaluates the effectiveness of sales force practice

and provides insight into sales representatives productivity and market
penetration.
Works with IT function and sales reporting team to ensure consistency,

completeness and integrity in data reporting while utilizing digitalized
metrics and dashboards.
Participates in reviews of customer relationship management systems,

sales processes and incentive programs.
Provides support during implementation of sales and marketing

operational excellence programs, standardized selling model, activity
metrics.
Develops ad hoc sales reports and performs trend analysis identifying

leading/lagging indicators.
Leads training efforts associated with the reports, dashboards and or sales
technologies.
292
Family: Sales (SL)

Sales Training Manager

Reference Level: 17
Develops and implements sales training programs to monitor and improve
standards of performance of the sales force. Responsible for a team of sales
trainers. Typically requires a business degree and four to six years of
experience.
Identifies training needs of the sales force.
Develops training methods to provide appropriate courses to improve sales

performance of sales force.
Liaises with sales managers to identify future training and business

requirements.
Organizes training activities and monitors quality of training programs in

order to ensure that training needs are met and sales performance is
enhanced.
Recruits, trains, leads, and motivates an effective sales training team.
293
Family: Sales (SL)

Sales Trainer
Reference Level: 14
Provides sales force training and monitors resulting performance. Typically
requires sales support or commercial experience. May have subordinates.
Develops and runs training courses to maintain and improve sales staff
performance.
Identifies and provides sales force aids and carries out specific projects to
improve sales effectiveness.
Monitors the performance of sales representatives and establishes future

training requirements.
294
Sales
Territory Sales
295
296
Family: Sales (SL)

Function: Territory Sales (SLB)
Regional Sales Manager

Reference Level: 19
Directs efforts to achieve sales goals in multiple areas/offices that constitute a
region, in accordance with regional marketing/sales plans. Frequently
consolidates support functions for the region to provide efficiencies of scale.
This is the second level of sales management.
Ensures regional sales goals are achieved through the effective placement
and motivation of sales and support professionals.
Assesses data provided by sales staff, implements regional sales strategies,

identifies business opportunities, and pinpoints problem areas.
Actively calls on key accounts and assists sales force where appropriate.
297
Family: Sales (SL)

Indirect Sales Manager / Channel

Manager
Reference Level: 18
Manages and drives sales of companys products or service through an indirect
revenue stream / reseller by maximizing market penetration and customer
retention.
Increases market coverage by recruiting new resellers, building and

maintaining long-term relationships with new and existing resellers /
agents.
Arranges re-sellers contracts, sets up price management, and all

cooperation related processes.
Trains, coaches, develops, and motivates resellers sales representatives by

delivering on-going sales training, products training and demonstrations,
setting quotas, sharing information on discounts, promotional events, etc.
Drives indirect channel sales performance and meets sales targets by

managing and utilizing resellers sales representatives, resolving conflicts
and offering continuous support to resellers.
Monitors customers satisfaction, sales data and conducts reporting

analysis on sales and forecast.
Develops sales business plan for indirect sales channel(s).
298
Family: Sales (SL)

Area/District Sales Manager

Reference Level: 17
Strives to achieve assigned district/area sales goals through the effective
management of sales representatives. This is the first level of sales
management and may personally have a few selected accounts. Major
emphasis is on management with a largely tactical focus. Support staff may be
limited.
Provides day-to-day supervision of activities including training, manpower

planning, motivation, and performance evaluation of sales representatives
and support personnel.
Directs the flow of information for sales activities and transactions,

including leads, billings, orders, contracts, etc., and evaluates data to
ensure district/area goals are met.
Ensures sales objectives are met within organization strategies and

maintains coordination with integral organization functions.
299
Family: Sales (SL)

Sales Representative V
Reference Level: 17
Focuses on a few large or very complex customers within a designated
geographic territory or market. Products are typically critical or complex,
requiring a high level of client relationship skills to maintain competitive
positioning. This is a very seasoned sales professional with extensive product
and market knowledge, but who is not likely to move into a managerial role.
Plans how to establish and maintain account relationships and meet

personal sales targets. Develops business plan for each account.
Coordinates use of other company resources (e.g., technical, advertising)

to provide value added services to accounts.
Develops strong client relationships over time that provide significant

input to planning company product, price, and service strategies.
Supports supervisor and other sales professionals in developing new

market opportunities in the designated territory or market.
300
Family: Sales (SL)

Sales Representative IV
Reference Level: 16
Contacts assigned customer accounts or prospects to sell the organization's
products within a designated geographic territory or by nature of customers.
Focuses on personal sales targets, new business development, and
troubleshooting on problem or key markets. May have special
markets/complex product lines assigned that require significant client
relationship skills. This is a seasoned sales professional with extensive product
and market knowledge.
Meets personal sales targets as established, incorporating the full range of

products/services within identified markets or geography. Typical
accounts are highly challenging, complex, and diverse customers who
require ongoing client relationship support.
Accompanies junior sales professionals on calls where appropriate, and

contributes to training of less experienced sales representatives. Provides
technical advice to sales group as needed.
Independently prepares sales presentations, contracts, and proposals to

ensure successful outcome of transactions.
May participate in special projects/programs as assigned, such as training

or communications sessions within or outside of the company.
301
Family: Sales (SL)

Sales Representative III, II

Contacts assigned customer accounts or prospects to sell company products
within a designated geographic territory or by nature of customers. Focuses on
personal sales targets, new business development, maintaining customer
relationships, and troubleshooting specific customer problems. This is an
intermediate-level sales professional with developing product and market
knowledge.
Meets personal sales targets as established, focusing on small to moderate

accounts, which are stable in nature, within identified markets or
geography. Product range, complexity, and challenge may be somewhat
limited.
Receives periodic coaching from supervisor or more experienced

professionals.
Prepares sales presentations, contracts, and proposals subject to review by

supervisor.
Participates in special projects such as major promotions, new product

launches, and new marketing initiatives.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to the dollar volume of annual sales and the complexity of
products/solutions sold as principle guides determining the appropriate job
match.
III
Reference Level 15
Complexity of
products sold and
importance of clients:
Products of moderate
technical complexity or
standard solutions.
Moderate accounts
302
II
Reference Level 14
Products of moderate technical
complexity and small accounts
OR
Products of very low technical
complexity and moderate
accounts.
Family: Sales (SL)

Sales Representative I
Reference Level: 13
Sells and stimulates demand for a series of products with existing and new
customers in a given geographic area, in order to achieve volume and daily
objectives in line with defined policies. Has a basic knowledge of products,
their characteristics, and market. Training is often provided in-house.
Organizes own work routine, but guidance is provided by the superior and the
marketing unit. Typically requires a good general education and experience in
the sales area, good interpersonal skills, and possibly knowledge of several
languages.
Plans daily activity, including customer visits and quantitative/qualitative

objectives to achieve. Creates a time efficient plan and discusses it with
superior.
Searches for, identifies, and develops leads from lists, publications, and
given information to increase market share in the territory.
Identifies and analyzes customer needs and develops commercial

arguments.
Organizes demonstrations for existing and potential customers, advises

customers on the presentation of the products and promotional materials,
and participates in trade events.
Follows market and competition evolution and transmits information to

superior.
Establishes daily visit reports for superior.
Participates in sales meetings to obtain information on sales objectives,

promotional actions, new products, field problems, etc.
303
Family: Sales (SL)

Technical Pre-sales Representative /

Sales Engineer
Reference Level: 16
Supports sales activities through specialized technical or scientific
knowledge/product applications from conceptual stages, through pre-sales,
sales, trials and training. Serves as a lead in solving technical problems and in
discussions with customers.
As technical resource to sales professionals, contributes to sales meetings

by providing deeper understanding of product workings or applications, as
well as of product limitations and nontraditional product usage.
Prepares technical presentations and demonstrates how a product meets

client needs.
Documents customer requirements and provides technical guidance

related to sales strategy and proposals.
Participates in training for internal sales professionals and on-site

technical training for customers.
May help other organization functions, such as engineering,

manufacturing or quality control, to identify user and/or design problems.
Supports the feasibility of standard, customized, partnerships alternatives

of new approaches for offered products and services, viewing its
optimization and improvement.
May serve as technical troubleshooter to customers after sales are closed

and while products are being tested or installed.
May also accompany account manager during service visits or while

exploring application problems.
304
Family: Sales (SL)

Merchandiser
Reference Level: 10
Ensures a good presentation of the products in the stores in a given geographic
area. Works closely with the sales team but must be able to plan activities
independently. Typically requires basic product knowledge, good interpersonal
skills, and possibly the use of several languages.
Ensures that all the organization's products are properly displayed in the
assigned stores.
Takes orders or has orders placed to ensure that the allocated space for the
products is fully used.
Sells certain promotional quantities to obtain additional space.
Takes particular care in the display of promotional items in the stores.
Plans daily activities according to visits to make sure instructions were

received.
Communicates daily with supervisor through an activity and field

information report.
May participate in sponsoring events.
305
306
Sales
Key Account Sales
307
308
Family: Sales (SL)

Function: Key Account Sales (SLC)
Key Accounts General Manager

Reference Level: 20
Strives to achieve assigned national / global accounts' sales goals through
effective management of subordinate team of national / global key account
sales staff. This is the first level of sales management. Incumbent does not
have any personal accounts, but periodically meets with key decision makers to
demonstrate the organization's commitment to its largest and most critical
customers.
Provides day-to-day supervision of activities including training, manpower

planning, motivation, and performance evaluation of assigned sales staff.
Directs the flow of information for sales activities and transactions,

including leads, billings, orders, contracts, global agreements, etc., and
evaluates data to ensure sales goals are met.
Ensures sales goals are met within organization strategies and maintains
coordination with integral organization functions.
309
Family: Sales (SL)

Key Accounts Manager II, I

Plans and implements sales to specific, major accounts where cultivating
relationships, identifying opportunities, and account management skills are
critical. Accounts frequently have multiple buying locations (internationally in
case of global Key Accounts), making establishing and maintaining broad
customer relationships essential. Typically requires demonstrated proficiency
in sales and full knowledge of the product line and its applications.
Plans how to establish and maintain major account relationships and meet
personal sales targets within the full line of products or combination of
products.
Establishes and builds strong client relationships over time that allow for
continuity and ongoing representation reinforced by sales support/delivery
programs, and communications to other relevant organizational
functions/divisions.
Participates with other key account managers and sales management to

develop sales strategies for national/global accounts and helps identify
target accounts and opportunities within the framework of the
organization-wide strategy.
Monitors competitive activity in each account and ensures that appropriate

response strategies are formulated and communicated.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to the dollar volume of annual sales and the complexity of
products/solutions sold as principle guides determining the appropriate job
match.
Annual sales ($):
II
Reference Level 18
I
Reference Level 17
4m to 40m
400,000 to 4m
Complexity of
products/solutions
sold:
Sells a combination of
products and solutions of
high technical complexity.
Sells products or a combination

of different products of
medium technical complexity.
Type and strategic

importance of clients:
National/global and highly

strategic key accounts.
Key accounts of medium to

high strategic importance.
310
Family: Sales (SL)

Key Accounts Associate

Reference Level: 15
Assists in planning and implementing sales to specific major accounts where
cultivating relationships, identifying opportunities, and account management
skills are critical. This is a transitional role, focusing on learning and practicing
relationship and account management skills. Typically requires significant
experience in territory sales and full knowledge of the product line and its
applications.
Assists in the planning, establishment, and maintenance of account

relationships within assigned named/key accounts.
Meets personal sales targets across the full line of products and/or services
within assigned accounts.
Monitors competitor activity in each account and participates in the

development and implementation of appropriate response strategies.
Under guidance of more experienced account managers, learns how to

build and cement strong client relationships that support long-term sales
objectives.
311
Family: Sales (SL)

Business Development Manager

Reference Level: 19
Administers, develops, and grows companys business activities and revenue
from new and existing market segments and channels. Typically requires a
bachelors degree and eight years of broad experience, with experience in
product management.
Develops business development strategies and creates annual

business development plans for relevant area to reach required
business objectives and revenue.
Works closely with account managers to understands business

requirements and market needs.
Recognizes new market segments and opportunities for business

development, makes a calculation of returns and investment, and
gains agreement for the investment, resources, and actions required
for the developments.
Prioritizes market segment development activities and sets revenue

targets.
312
Family: Sales (SL)

Business Developer II
Reference Level: 17
Administers, develops, and grows companys business activities and revenue
from new and existing market segments and channels. Typically requires a
marketing degree and eight years of broad experience, with at least five years in
the sales and/or marketing area of expertise.
Develops business development strategies and creates annual business

development plans for relevant area to reach required business objectives
and revenue.
Works closely with account managers to understand business requirements

and market needs.

development, makes a calculation of returns and investment, and gains
agreement for the investment, resources, and actions required for the
developments.
Prioritizes market segment development activities and sets revenue

targets.
Monitors all market development activities to ensure that they are in line
with company business aims.
Authorizes any promotions associated with market development activity.
Measures performance against agreed objectives and undertakes remedial

action where appropriate.
Sets and measures overall performance standards for market segments and
provides leadership to ensure targets are met.
Works with other business developers to optimize market segment

opportunities.
May manage and maintain client relations, while realizing renewals and
new business with existing clients and acquiring new clients.
May or may not complete actual sales; opportunities may be taken on by

Account Managers once interest is secured.
313
Family: Sales (SL)

Business Developer I
Reference Level: 15
Contributes to the development and growth of companys business activities
and revenue from new and existing market segments and channels. Typically
requires a marketing degree and five years of broad experience, with at least
two years in the sales and/or marketing area of expertise.
Contributes to business development strategies and provides input into

annual business development plans for relevant area, to reach required
business objectives and revenue.
Works closely with account managers to understand business requirements

and market needs.

development, and makes a calculation of returns and investment.
Monitors relevant market development activities to ensure that they are in

line with company business aims.
Measures performance against agreed objectives and undertakes remedial

action where appropriate.
Works with other business developers to optimize market segment

opportunities.
May manage and maintain client relations, while realizing renewals and
new business with existing clients and acquiring new clients.
May or may not complete actual sales; opportunities may be taken on by

Account Managers once interest is secured.
314
Family: Sales (SL)

Bid and Proposal Manager

Reference Level: 18
Manages the preparation, production and presentation of organizations bidding
and proposal activities.
Contributes to formulating bidding and execution strategies.
Identifies suitable projects to bid on.
Responsible for the organization, production and timely delivery of

responsive bids/proposals.
Provides post-bid submissions, organizes the response to requests for

clarification.
Manages client presentations and takes part in negotiations.
Manages pre-qualification work.
Collaborates with management to develop schedules, procedures, and

systems to enable timely and informative accumulation, adjustment, and
reporting of financial data.
315
316
Customer Service
Technical
317
318
Family: Customer Service (CS)

Function: Technical (CSA)
Technical Customer Service

Manager
Reference Level: 19
Manages activities of a team of technical customer service representatives,
ensuring effective delivery of service to all levels of internal and external
customers. Typically requires eight to ten years of experience, mentoring,
coaching, and leadership skills as well as in-depth knowledge of the company
business, especially logistics and manufacturing.
Serves as the primary liaison between sales, supply chain/logistics, and

manufacturing staff on the effective delivery of customer service.
Ensures planning of technical customer service activities and checks that

they are properly carried out, in line with the relevant times and costs.
Takes make-or-buy decisions, selecting possible partners and assessing the

cost-effectiveness of external resources.
Ensures proper training of internal resources, external partners and

customers concerning products use and maintenance.
Maintains proper relationships with the sales force to understand their

requirements and priorities.
Ensures departments budget on the basis of operational needs, identifying

the resources required to meet such needs.
319


Team Leader
Reference Level: 17
Oversees the efforts of a team of technical service representatives, applying
specialized technical or scientific knowledge/product applications. Maintains
ongoing relationships with key customers and interfaces with sales staff on a
regular basis. Typically requires at least three years of experience, mentoring
skills, and completion of technical product training.
Coordinates activities of technical service representatives, suggesting

alternative products and services and providing support in resolution of
complaints and issues, as needed.
Participates in the hiring of new representatives.
320


Representative IV, III
Receives and processes highly complex customer orders, inquiries, and/or
complaints covering items or products ordered, and supports customers through
specialized technical or scientific knowledge/product applications. Proactively
maintains an ongoing relationship with selected customers and sales staff,
particularly those focused on technical applications of the product or service.
May handle multiple product markets. This is the most senior level technical
customer service representative. Typically requires at least two years of
experience, completion of technical product training, and demonstration of high
level product and process knowledge of a technical nature.
Records and processes highly complex orders and/or inquiries received by

mail, telephone, and/or through personal customer contact.
Provides pricing, availability, and schedule information within established

guidelines.
Suggests additional and/or alternative products or services to meet

customer needs.
Checks and approves credit within established limitations, and confirms

orders.
Researches and obtains resolution of a variety of customer complaints and

issues.
Serves as link between customers and sales staff to assure responsiveness.
Tracks order activity and alerts appropriate staff of any potential delivery
problems. Expedites delivery of selected orders.
Resolves technical difficulties and issues with the customer.
Provides guidance and assistance to new or less experienced staff.
May conduct training for entry-level technical customer service

representatives.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to interface with sales, logistics/supply chain, and
manufacturing (i.e., production and engineering) functions as the primary
determinant of the job match.
321
IV
Reference Level 16
Interface:
III
Reference Level 15
Serves as liaison between sales,

supply chain/logistics, and
manufacturing staff, and
customers; communication with
customers on activities in these
areas is integral to the delivery
of customer service.
322
Interacts with sales staff on a

regular, defined basis;
communicates with supply
chain/logistics staff as needed.


Representative II, I
Receives and processes moderately complex customer orders, inquiries, and/or
complaints covering items or products ordered, and supports customers through
specialized technical or scientific knowledge/product applications. Maintains
an ongoing relationship with selected customers and sales staff, particularly
those focused on technical applications of the product or service. Uses
technical knowledge of products, product availability, sales territories, and
individual customers to provide a key communications link to the customer.
May handle multiple product markets. Typically requires at least one year of
experience, completion of technical product training, and demonstration of high
level product and process knowledge of a technical nature.
Records and processes moderately complex orders and/or inquiries

received by mail, telephone, and/or through personal customer contact.

guidelines.

customer needs.

orders.

issues.
Serves as link between customers and sales staff to assure responsiveness.
Tracks order activity and alerts appropriate staff of any potential delivery
problems. Expedites the delivery of selected orders.
Resolves technical difficulties and issues with the customer.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to interface with the sales, supply chain/logistics, and
determinant of job match.
323
II
Reference Level 14
Interface:
I
Reference Level 13
Interacts with sales staff on a

regular, defined basis;
324
Interacts with sales staff only for

clarification of issues; does not
interact with supply chain/logistics
or manufacturing staff.
Customer Service
Non Technical
325
326

Function: Non Technical (CSB)
Customer Service Manager

Reference Level: 19
Manages activities of a team of customer service representatives, ensuring
effective delivery of service to all levels of internal and external customers.
Typically requires at least three years of experience, along with mentoring,
coaching, and leadership skills.
Serves as the primary liaison between sales, supply chain/logistics, and

manufacturing staff on the effective delivery of customer service.
Develops and implements communication and order tracking programs in

support of the organization's service objectives.
327

Customer Service Team Leader

Reference Level: 15
Oversees the efforts of a team of customer service representatives. Maintains
ongoing relationships with key customers and interfaces with sales staff on a
regular basis. Typically requires at least three years of experience, along with
mentoring skills.
Coordinates the activities of customer service representatives, suggesting

alternative products and services and providing support in the resolution of
complaints and issues, as needed.
Participates in the hiring of new customer service representatives.
328

Customer Service Representative

IV, III
Receives and processes highly complex customer orders, inquiries, and/or
complaints covering items or products ordered. Proactively maintains an
ongoing relationship with key customers and sales staff. May handle multiple
product markets. This is the most senior level customer service representative.
Typically requires at least two years of experience, and demonstration of high
level product and process knowledge.
Records and processes highly complex orders and/or inquiries received by

mail, telephone, and/or through personal customer contact.

guidelines.

customer needs.

orders.
Researches and obtains resolution of a variety of highly complex customer

complaints and issues.
Serves as communication link between customers and sales staff to assure

responsiveness.
Tracks order activity, and alerts appropriate staff of any potential delivery
Provides guidance and assistance to new or less experienced staff.
May conduct training for entry-level representatives.
Scope Variants
determinant of the appropriate job match.
329
IV
Reference Level 14
Interface:
Serves as liaison between sales, supply

chain/logistics, and manufacturing
staffs, and customers; communication
with customers on activities in these
areas is integral to the delivery of
customer service.
330
III
Reference Level 13
Interacts with sales staff on
a regular, defined basis;
chain/logistics staff as
needed.

Customer Service Representative II

Reference Level: 12
Receives and processes moderately complex customer orders, inquiries and/or
complaints covering items or products ordered. Maintains an ongoing
relationship with selected customers and sales staff. Uses knowledge of
products, product availability, sales territories, and individual customers to
provide a key communications link to the customer. Exercises judgment and
discretion, and functions independently within authorized limits. Typically
requires analysis, judgment, and sensitivity to customer needs.
Records and processes moderately complex orders and/or inquiries

received by mail, telephone, and/or through personal customer contact.

guidelines.

customer needs.

orders.

issues.
Serves as communication link between customers and sales staff to assure

responsiveness.
Scope Variants
Interacts with sales staff on a regular, defined basis; communicates with supply
331

Customer Service Representative I

Reference Level: 11
Receives and processes routine customer orders, inquiries, and/or complaints
covering items or products ordered. Maintains an ongoing relationship with
selected customers and sales staff. Uses knowledge of products and product
availability to provide a communications link to the customer.
Records and processes routine orders and/or inquiries received by mail,

telephone, and/or through customer personal contact.

guidelines.
Suggests alternative products or services to meet customer needs.

orders.
Obtains resolution of routine customer complaints and issues.
problems.
Scope Variants
Interacts with sales staff only for clarification of issues; does not interact with
supply chain/logistics or manufacturing staff.
332
Call Center
Inbound and Outbound
333
334
Family: Call Center (CC)

Function: Inbound and Outbound (CCH)
Call Center Manager

Reference Level: 19
Manages a call center while providing retail customer services, maintenance,
specialized services to merchants, product support, and telemarketing.
Accountable for quality of service, integration of new technology, and
supporting marketing promotions. This is a highly experienced manager who is
responsible for determining the call center strategy and procedures. Typically
reports directly to the Board of a large organization.
Manages ongoing operations of a call center with multiple shifts.
Develops policies and procedures.
Oversees several inbound and outbound team managers.
Typically covers a wide range and complexity of call purposes and

products, with integration of multiple channels (on-line/telephone, etc.)
and with substantial sales targets.
Scale is typically large (e.g. major bank).
335

Call Center Supervisor

Reference Level: 16
Responsible for supervising a team within a large commercial call center or
responsible for the call center in a small or medium company. Manages a team
with a high level of technical know-how, derived either through formal
qualification or extensive vocational experience. Alternatively, the team may
be multi-disciplinary with diverse management requirements.
Ensures developments in the professional area are researched and fully

understood and that changes are effectively communicated to the team.
Provides a high level of coaching and encouragement, ensuring high

standards are set and maintained, and that professional career development
meets corporate and individual needs.
Plans, directs, and coordinates the provision of all resources to optimize

team performance in the short- and long-term.
Act as the last level of escalation for complex, non-routine requests.
Sets procedures for inbound and/or outbound calls.
Manages team performance by concentrating on service delivery to the

customer and fully understanding team behaviors required to provide high
levels of customer service.
Creates an environment of continuous improvement by acting on

opportunities to improve processes, products, and systems.
336

Call Center Specialist

Reference Level: 14
Responsible for providing service to a portfolio of large and/or key customers
that are mostly inbound.
Has a permanent, long-term relationship with a group of clients.
Develops and maintains extensive understanding of all products, services,

systems, and processes in order to deal with a variety of questions.
Provides efficient and effective telephone service to customers, ensuring

all internal targets are monitored and met and that performance
measurement criteria are appropriate.
Undertakes handling of complaints and difficult calls.
Provides on-the-job training to less experienced employees.
337

Operator III
Reference Level: 12
Operates in a relatively complex environment and has an extended sales
process. Proactively selects potential clients and enters into long-term
negotiations to provide full products and services. Has good understanding of a
specified range of products, processes, and services, awareness of the
organizations products and services, and thorough knowledge of computer
systems used to record information and respond to queries.
Develops strong relationships with customers by telephone, to fully

understand their needs and select the most appropriate product/service.
Ascertains when face-to-face contact may be necessary to pursue sales

potential or when costs of pursuing the sale would outweigh the potential
benefits.
Develops and maintains a very high level of knowledge of the

product/service and the appropriate industry/sector to fully understand the
position of existing and potential customers.
Undertakes all actions required by system and updates database

continually.
Gathers feedback of customer issues and concerns about procedures and

products to optimize marketing intelligence.
Exploits all opportunities to strengthen client relationships, particularly by

developing major clients or larger client portfolios according to agreed
strategy.
Acts as a second level of support for less experienced employees.
338

Operator II
Reference Level: 10
Provides fully acceptable service to inbound callers, generally without
assistance from colleagues or the team leader. Alternatively, responsible for
marketing products and services by telephone, proactively calling potential
customers, existing leads or new database contacts. Achieves sales targets and
maintains long-term customer satisfaction. Typically requires full familiarity
with the IT/telephone system and thorough knowledge of the product/service.
Handles inbound requests concerning a single product to private/small

business customers.
Undertakes all actions required by system and updates database

continually.
Gathers feedback of customer issues and concerns about procedures and

products to optimize marketing intelligence.
Provides fulfillment of all calls to conclusion or assesses when a call

requires referral to an expert.
For sales roles, closes sales by matching customer requirements to

product/services on offer to meet short-term sales targets and provide
long-term customer satisfaction.
Ensures warm leads are updated in the system, in order to close sales.
Completes sale by securing all payment details and ensuring that all
information required for dispatch is entered into the system.
339

Operator I
Reference Level: 9
Executes routine outbound call center activities concerning mostly one product,
using a standard script and established guidelines and under supervision.
Handles routine queries or closes simple sales. Understands when to seek help
and/or escalate to a more senior role. Development within this role would be
continual and provided through formal training and on-the-job experience.
Ascertains nature of call and assesses whether further assistance is

required.
Provides caller with appropriate standard information requested.
Derives all necessary information from caller to update database.
Prioritizes and carries out work within guidelines.
Projects required company image.
Undertakes training as required to progress to a fully competent grade

within a specified time scale.
Develops and maintains knowledge of products, services, and systems as

required.
340
Project Management
Project Management
341
342
Family: Project Management (PM)

Function: Project Management (PMA)
Projects Department Manager

Reference Level: 20
Leads the development and coordination of a group of highly technical projects
and/or contracts in line with organizational policies, principles, and objectives.
Typically requires eight to ten years of significant specialist project
management experience, and relevant qualifications in industry-standard
project management techniques.
Interacts at an international level for the coordination of a group of

projects.
Leads strategic projects related to business development.
Makes recommendations on organizational policy and on means to be

affected.
Develops policies, standards, core processes, and evaluation principles for

project management for the organization.
Leads the development of knowledge management processes and systems

to capture and disseminate learning.
Identifies and/or provides development advice/training for project

management staff.
Manages an operational team of project leaders/managers.
Leads medium to long-term planning and prioritization processes and

contributes to decisions on commissioning projects/programs.
May coordinate project activities of government regulatory or other

agencies.
Manages significant project/program budgets (> $1m) over the long-term

(three to five years).
343

Project Leader
Reference Level: 19
Leads the specification and implementation of a long-term technical
project/program (around three years) in line with organizational project
management standards, policies, and principles. Responsible for meeting
project/program objectives within quality, time, and budget targets, and for
managing associated risks. Contributes to the design and negotiation of
external contracts and acts as the senior point of contact for the project.
Typically requires five to eight years of specialist project management
experience, and relevant qualifications in industry-standard project
management techniques.
Analyzes requirements with the project sponsor/customer, determines the

strategy for the proposal, and evaluates the feasibility.
Leads development of the project proposal or plan to determine

timeframe, funding limitations, procedures for accomplishing the project,
staffing requirements, and allotment of available resources to various
phases of the project.
Contributes to developing/improving policies, standards, core processes,

and evaluation principles.
Oversees technical and organizational management and financial aspects

of the project.
Acts as the senior interface between the project sponsor/customer and the
services involved.
Reports progress to the project sponsor/client at significant project

milestones.
Negotiates significant changes in project specification or scope with the

project sponsor/client.
Manages a large team, typically consisting of 10 to 20 specialists
May negotiate and manage contracts with external suppliers.
Manages a budget of about $0.5m to $1m.
344

Project Manager IV, III, II

Position Number: 1187, 1188, 1189
Reference Level: 18, 17, 16
Specifies and coordinates the implementation of a project. Responsible for
meeting project objectives within quality, time, and budget targets, and for
managing associated risks. Typically requires strong technical skills, proven
project management experience, and an understanding of the business issues.
Contributes to and reviews the project proposal or plan to determine

timeframe, funding limitations, procedures for accomplishing the project,
staffing requirements, and allotment of available resources to various
phases of the project.
Defines/designs activities, starting from existing solutions.
Coordinates a small team of specialists to implement project tasks.
Provides the interface and maintains a confident relationship with other

contributors to the project.
Contributes to setting project evaluation parameters.
May negotiate minor changes to project scope or specification with the

project sponsor/client.
May contact the project sponsor/client at a tactical level.
Regularly reports project progress to senior management and/or the

sponsor/client.
Contributes to improving/developing systems.
May manage relationships with external suppliers at a tactical level.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to the size (budget), complexity, and/or timescale of the project
along with project team composition as principal guides for determining the
appropriate job match.
Project
budget
managed ($):
IV
Reference Level 18
III
Reference Level
17
II
Reference Level
16
250k to 500k
100k to 250k
50k to 100k
345
Complexity:
Timescale:
Project team:
Multi-stream, multisite/international
Multi-stream
Single, technical
work-stream
> 2 years
1 to 2 years
< 1 year
> 10
5 to 10
<5
346

Project Manager I
Reference Level: 15
Coordinates the implementation of a defined, short-term project or sub-set of
projects (less than one year) within set organizational procedures and standards.
Responsible for meeting sub-set objectives within quality, time, and budget
targets, and for managing associated risks. This is an entry-level position.
Typically requires knowledge and experience of the technical area being
managed and an awareness of the business issues.
Analyzes requirements with the project sponsor/customer or senior

colleagues, designs the implementation proposal, and evaluates the
feasibility.
Responsible for technical and organizational management and financial

aspects of the activities.
Regularly reports progress and any issues to more senior management.
Coordinates activities of one or two lower-level team members.
347

Project Analyst II
Reference Level: 14
Supports the project team by monitoring project progress according to agreed
measures and within set organizational procedures. Typically requires
experience in project work and an understanding of metrics, data collection
methods, and data analysis, along with business awareness and ability to
develop relationships across the project team to facilitate collection of data and
implementation of data collection methods.
Contributes to identifying appropriate progress measures.
Identifies systems and methods to collect project progress measures.
Collects and collates data on progress measures.
Analyzes data and presents conclusions.
Provides regular reports with narrative for project team and project
sponsor/customer.
Recommends corrective action where necessary.
348

Project Analyst I
Reference Level: 13
Supports the project team in the monitoring of project progress according to
agreed measures and within set organizational procedures. Typically requires
business awareness and ability to develop relationships across the project team
to facilitate collection of data and implementation of data collection methods.
Implements defined systems and methods to collect project progress

measures.
Collects and collates data on progress measures.
Contributes to regular progress reports for the project team and project
sponsor/customer.
May carry out project-related administration, such as scheduling tasks and

producing/filing general documentation.
349
350
Product Development
Product Development
351
352
Family: Product Development (PV)

Function: Product Development (PVA)
Product Development Manager

Reference Level: 19
Manages the product development function and executes the commercialization
and engineering of new products to meet design vision, merchant requirements
and companys financial goals.
This is a seasoned specialist in product development area with strong working
relations with other relevant disciplines. Typically requires seven to ten years
of experience.
Determines strategic policy with regard to product development in

cooperation with other relevant disciplines and negotiates internal needs
for product development.
Manages a multidisciplinary team of product designers, product engineers,

marketing professionals and drives the development of new products.
Acts as main representative for the company to stakeholders regarding

product development.
Detects the market needs and opportunities based on market analyses and
strategy.
Oversees individual phases of a new product development: design, testing,

creation, marketing and introducing to market.
Defines materials, processes and quality standards for products under

development.
Defines cooperation with external service providers.
Supervises all product development staff.
353

Packaging Manager
Reference Level: 17
Manages and coordinates development of consumer packaging and/or labelling
providing consistent brand identity, creative program development, and
promotions delivery.
Assists in providing direction and leadership for the development of

creative packaging and/or labeling for brands to ensure marketing and
brand objectives and strategies are met.
Works with Product Development, Engineering, and Marketing to ensure

an effective coordination, development of cost efficient packaging and
consistency of brand packaging delivery.
May maintain working relationships and manage program development

with outside creative resources such as design agencies, freelance
designers, photo studios, color separators, and packaging suppliers.
354

Product Development Specialist II

Reference Level: 16
Contributes to the development of new/existing products while working in
multidisciplinary project teams with responsibility for the end results.
This is a seasoned specialist, typically requires five years of experience in the
field of product development and has specific product and industry knowledge.
Maintains close working relationships with specialists in the field and key
parties of interest in the company to assess and analyze market demands
and market trends.
Ensures correct translation of market demands in products and services

with the research department and other disciplines.
Provides input into one or more phases of new product development:

design, testing, creation, marketing and introducing to market.
Liaises with product/brand management to ensure effective planning and

co-ordination of advertising/public-relations and promotions for new
products.
Liaises with specialist departments to ensure the effective operation and

production of new/revised products.
Is aware of market developments, and suggests changes to range in order

to maximize opportunity.
May supervise and coach a team of junior product development staff.
355

Product Development Analyst

Reference Level: 16
Ensures that production development plans and processes are established
working in conjunction with other manufacturing teams who are involved in
product development projects.
Typically a seasoned specialist with five years of experience in technical
aspects of product development.
Prepares plans and processes.
Monitors products under development.
Writes product specifications for orderly testing.
Develops and generates the pilot batches for the products under
development.
Conducts studies to define and plan product schedules.
356

Packaging Analyst
Reference Level: 15
Assists packaging development, engineering, and testing functions for
packaging projects.
Provides sourcing assistance for new products, contacts vendors,

troubleshoots production/delivery problems, develops/implements
specifications for individual components and finished goods, develops
specifications consistent with manufacturing capabilities and
requirements.
Participates in the graphic arts implementation and consults with various

merchant groups on package design.
Develops quality standards for suppliers and compliance with

environmental requirements.
Tests new materials and conducts evaluations.
357

Product Development Specialist I

Reference Level: 14
Provides professional support, analyses and documentation to product
development function. Typically requires two to three years of experience in
product development field, analytical skills, commercial awareness, thorough
knowledge of companys products and market sector where the company
operates.
Collects data, performs analyses, and creates reports on products

competitiveness and product development trends.
Provides documentation on new products and on upgraded existing

products.
Provides support in implementation of new products.
Communicates with other departments to ensure product development

components testing and delivery.
Assists senior staff in testing, designing, creation, marketing and

introducing new products to market.
Keeps abreast of competitor product development trends.
358
Research and Development

359
360
Family: Research and Development (RD)

Function: Research and Development (RDA)
Research and Development Manager

Reference Level: 20
Ensures research, development, and pre-industrialization of products.
Contributes to the defining of intervention policies and operational strategies in
the different technological areas, ensuring planning and monitoring of activities
in line with technological progress of the external environment,
company/division policies, and existing contracts and orders. May be the
research and development manager of a medium-sized company or the head of
a research and development division in a multi-business company. Supervises
a team of about 30 to 40 employees and has assigned budget of over 3.5 million
USD. Typically requires a degree in engineering or in another technical field,
over ten years of experience in the sector, and significant managerial skills.
Provides all information needed to define the divisions multi-year plan,

through identification of research and development goals in assigned
sectors, in line with the markets technological development and
company/division product policies.
Plans research, development, and pre-industrialization activities, in line

with plans, market technological development, and financial resources
available.
Oversees research and development in assigned sectors, ensuring

development of research projects and execution of internal/external orders,
in line with plans and market technological developments, to achieve
industrial exploitation of results.
Ensures pre-industrialization of products, in compliance with cost, time,

and quality standards, and contractual terms envisaged in orders.
Maintains proper relations with experts and national/international

authorities in assigned fields, to monitor the markets technological
development.
Ensures effective internal organization of managed processes and

structures.
361


Supervisor
Reference Level: 18
Responsible for planning and directing research projects or components of a
project while managing identified resources and staff. This is an experienced
scientist/engineer and is the first level of management/supervision.
Understands the scientific/engineering discipline, manages junior staff
members, and works with senior scientists/researchers.
Supervises and provides technical leadership to a group of

scientists/engineers and is responsible for the recruitment, training, and
motivation of subordinates.
Applies intensive and diverse knowledge of principles and practices to

areas of assignment and related fields.
Independently makes decisions on problems and methodology issues and

secures necessary resources.
May represent the organization in forums and conferences within an area

of expertise or to address an issue currently being discussed within the
work group.
362

Scientist/Researcher VII
Reference Level: 20
Conducts research that is recognized as having a substantial impact on the
current state of scientific knowledge and understanding in the areas of
specialization. This position is the recognized authority within an intensely
specialized field.
May be highest formalized level of individual contributor in the organization.
Advanced study and long experience are typical. However, individual
accomplishment more than maturity is the measure for this position. Represents
less than 2% of the population.
Selects problems that support the thrust and mission of the R&D function;
conceives and plans investigations that have substantial novelty and
importance and for which precedents or theories are lacking or inadequate.
Initiates and maintains extensive contact with other significant

contributors to the field; is consulted by associates and others with a high
degree of reliance placed on the incumbent's scientific interpretations and
advice.
Contributes noteworthy inventions, scientific postulates, and new

concepts/theories which are regarded as major advances in the field and
recognized by awards.
As an individual researcher, demonstrates creativity, foresight, and mature

judgments in conducting research programs, developing new technologies,
and developing standards and methods for others to follow.
May be assisted by scientists and engineers, but the focus of the job is
clearly technical rather that managerial.
363

Scientist/Researcher VI
Reference Level: 19
Plans, organizes, and executes investigations involving unique problems and
complex issues which may impact multiple areas of specialization. This is a
senior investigator/staff specialist, recognized outside the organization as a
thought leader in the field of specialism. Regularly presents at international
forums and conferences as an expert. Typically requires advanced study and
lengthy experience, however individual accomplishment is measured over
maturity.
Identifies and defines problems that are of major importance to the

organization.
Conceives, plans, and conducts investigations involving unique problems

and complex issues.
Plans and reviews related projects assigned to others and integrates

findings.
Acts as an advisor to others as an expert in the field.
May be assisted by scientists or engineers, but focus is technical rather

than managerial.
364

Scientist/Researcher V
Reference Level: 18
Independently applies intensive and diversified knowledge of scientific
research or engineering principles to broad areas of assignments and related
fields. This is a principal investigator/staff specialist. May present at
international forums and conferences as an expert.
Independently conceives, plans, and conducts research, which could have

considerable influence on scientific knowledge or technological
developments.
Acts as staff advisor/consultant relative to a scientific or technical

specialism.
Develops and evaluates plans and criteria for a variety of projects and
activities to be carried out by others. As project leader, reviews results of
individual members and of project team overall.
Assesses feasibility and soundness of proposed experimental approaches,

techniques or equipment when necessary data are insufficient or
confirmation by testing is advisable.
As an individual researcher, carries out complex or new assignments

requiring the development of new or improved techniques and procedures.
May be assisted by scientists or engineers, but focus is technical rather

than managerial.
365

Scientist/Researcher IV
Reference Level: 17
Independently evaluates, selects, and applies broad engineering/scientific
techniques, processes, and criteria, using judgment in making adaptations and
modifications. This is a fully competent scientist/researcher in all conventional
aspects of the subject matter. Typically requires a doctorate degree and
significant experience.
Conducts work requiring independent judgment in the evaluation,

selection, adaptation, and modification of standard techniques, processes,
and criteria. Refers to knowledge of precedents in the relevant specialty
and principles and practice in related specialties.
Devises new approaches to problems encountered, working within

conventional practices, but incorporating complex features. Receives
technical guidance on unusual or complex problems.
Plans, schedules, conducts or coordinates detailed phases of work for part

of a major project or for an entire project of moderate scope.
May supervise less qualified and/or experienced professionals, technicians

or aides who assist in specific assignments.
366

Scientist/Researcher III
Reference Level: 16
Independently evaluates, selects, and applies standard engineering/scientific
techniques, processes, and criteria, using judgment in making minor
adaptations and modifications. Typically requires a degree and a minimum of
5 years of experience.
Investigates a limited number of variables to achieve clear and specific

project results within a narrow focus area.
Performs work that involves conventional types of plans, surveys,

structures, etc., with relatively few complex features for which there are
no precedents.
Receives instruction on specific assignment objectives, technical

assistance on complex features, and possible solutions. Work is reviewed
by seasoned professionals for technical quality.
May supervise or coordinate the work of drafters, technicians or aides who

assist in specific assignments.
367

Scientist/Researcher II
Reference Level: 15
Performs varied assignments requiring application of standard practices.
Typically requires a degree and a minimum of 3 years of experience.
Performs work in areas of readily available data resources and repetitive

tasks.
Applies standard methods and techniques, which require the use of

judgment in selecting alternatives.
Performs specific research components of a larger project directed by a

senior professional.
May delegate work to technicians or aides.
368

Scientist/Researcher I
Reference Level: 14
Performs assignments designed to demonstrate professional work knowledge
and abilities. This is an entry-level position. Typically requires a degree and
up to one year of experience, or five to seven years of experience following a
non-degree technical qualification.
Performs a variety of specific tasks under close supervision, which involve

a series of detailed steps.
Collects and evaluates data.
Provides straightforward solutions to problems using readily available

clear and direct references.
Assists scientists/researchers on projects.
369

Technician Supervisor
Reference Level: 15
Has administrative responsibility for staff of technicians that may work in a
pilot plant, analytical laboratory, drafting room or other support location. This
is the first level of supervision.
Supervises a small staff of nonprofessionals to accomplish specific tasks.
Creates work assignments and schedules, and reviews work in progress.

recommendations.
Assures adequate documentation and reporting of procedures and test

results.
May work as an individual contributor technician part of the time.
370

Researcher/Technician
Reference Level: 13
Performs assignments designed to develop professional work knowledge and
abilities. This is an entry-level position. Typically requires a degree with no
relevant experience, or has three to five years of experience following a nondegree technical qualification.
Performs a variety of routine tasks under close supervision, which provide

experience and familiarization with methods, practices, and programs.
Participates in formal and informal training as appropriate.
Assists scientists/researchers/technologists as needed.
371

Laboratory Manager
Reference Level: 18
Ensures performance of research/testing activities in the laboratory, on the
basis of agreed programs, through optimum management of human and
technical resources. Supervises a professional structure involving different
experience levels, engineers, and workers to complete tests. Performs both
technical and managerial tasks. Typically requires a degree and four to seven
years of experience, preferably with a specialization in managed sectors.
Typically reports to a research and development manager.
Ensures drafting and proposal of assigned laboratory budget, in terms of

human resources, equipment, and materials, to meet assigned research
objectives.
Keeps updated on technological progress, involving laboratory equipment

and testing methodologies.
Ensures planning of tests, research, and allocation of resources to

individual programs.
Performs ongoing supervision of compliance with costs, time, and quality

standards and implements corrective actions if required.
Ensures development of research and test documentation and its

distribution to internal users for further research phases and after-sales
service.
Takes part in the definition of new research programs, within the

framework of competencies.
Keeps constant relations with other internal and external laboratories to

carry out the necessary interactions and benchmark for technological
innovations.
Ensures awareness of and compliance with safety regulations.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to number of employees and available expenditure budget as the
principle guides in determining the match level.
372
Headcount:
Available budget
($ million):
Reference Level
19
Reference Level
18
Reference Level
19
>40
20 to 40
<20
>$6m
$3 to 6m
<$3m
373

Laboratory Technician
Reference Level: 12
Carries out complex or specialized analytical tests.
Uses a range of methods from standard and well-established routines to

specially adapted processes.
Plans own work within the constraints of a research program or test

schedule.
Liaises with maintenance staff on repair of faults and modifications.
Works on specific projects under guidance of a technical specialist, e.g.

chemist.
Records data, observations, and conclusions.
374
Engineering
General Engineers
375
376
Family: Engineering (EG)

Function: General Engineers (EGA)
Engineering Manager
Reference Level: 20
Provides management review and control over multiple units of engineering
work, including development of projects, structures or processes as part of a
major engineering program. Integrates several specialized areas of engineering
to serve a particular business segment, or directs a single specialization serving
several business units.
Manages one discipline over a range of products or processes, or a diverse

range of engineering disciplines within subordinate units.
Focuses on managerial concerns of the project such as cost, completion

date, and resource allocation. Provides expert resolution of issues and
monitors integration of work.
Reviews technical concepts of major projects.
Personally participates in solving difficult technical problems.
Responsible for recruitment, performance reviews, and training needs.
377

Process Engineering Manager

Reference Level: 20
Accountable for all process engineering activities in support of manufacturing
operations. Acts as technical staff resource for the location in designing
processes and equipment to produce products.
Manages the process engineering discipline.
Focuses on managerial concerns of the project such as cost, completion

date, and resource allocation. Provides expert resolution of issues and
monitors integration of work.
Reviews technical concepts of major projects and details equipment

specification.
Personally participates in solving difficult technical problems.
Responsible for recruitment, performance reviews, and training needs.
378

Engineering Supervisor
Reference Level: 18
Provides day-to-day administrative and technical supervision of a staff of
engineers and technicians within a unit of an engineering department. This is
the first level of supervision that includes both administrative and technical
responsibility for staff. Tends to specialize either professionally, in areas of
competence (electrical, mechanical, etc.), or functionally, according to type of
product or process. Has full technical responsibility for the results of the unit's
efforts and for the effectiveness of its overall integration with other units.
Typically leads a staff of five to ten professionals.
Plans and supervises the work of a staff of professional engineers and

technicians to accomplish specific engineering projects.
Directs work assignments, scheduling, and reviews of work in progress.
Handles personnel actions including performance reviews, salary

recommendations, and coordination of training and development.
Reviews technical feasibility of proposed solutions to engineering

problems.
Personally helps solve difficult technical problems.
379

Engineer VII
Reference Level: 20
Makes decisions and recommendations recognized as authoritative and have
important impact on extensive engineering activities. Demonstrates creativity,
foresight, and mature engineering judgment in anticipating and solving
unprecedented engineering problems, determining program objectives and
requirements, organizing programs and projects, and developing standards and
guides for diverse engineering activities. This is an individual researcher and
consultant who is a recognized leader and authority in the company in a broad
area of specialization, or in a narrow but intensely specialized field. Represents
the highest level on the engineering ladder and reached by less than 2% of all
of the organization's engineers.
Selects research problems to further the company's objectives.
Conceives and plans investigations of broad areas of considerable novelty

and importance to the overall engineering program for which engineering
precedents are currently lacking.
Consults extensively with associates and others, with a high degree of

reliance placed on scientific interpretation and advice.
Contributes to inventions, new designs or techniques that are regarded as

major advances in the field.
Initiates and maintains extensive contacts with key engineers and officials
of other organizations and companies, requiring skilled persuasion and
negotiation of critical issues.
380

Engineer VI
Reference Level: 19
Conceives, develops and evaluates plans and criteria for solving a variety of
unique and complex engineering problems. Assesses feasibility and soundness
of proposed engineering solutions. This is a senior staff specialist who is
recognized as an expert in theories and principles of the professional field, as
demonstrated by significant accomplishments and contributions.
Responsible for ensuring products, equipment, materials, etc. are designed

and developed to the highest standard.
Defines and establishes design constraints.
Conceives and plans engineering development and feasibility studies.
Collaborates with management to define technical needs.
Coordinates and integrates efforts of other units of the company, including

engineering, manufacturing, marketing, etc.
Serves as an advisor to other technical personnel.
381

Engineer V
Reference Level: 18
Develops and evaluates plans and criteria for a variety of projects and activities
that are to be carried out by others. Assesses feasibility and soundness of
proposed engineering evaluation tests, products or equipment when necessary
data are insufficient or confirmation by testing is advisable. This is a staff
specialist who is recognized as a technical expert within the department or
division of the company. Possesses a thorough knowledge of general principles
and theories in a professional field, and contributes significantly to the solution
of applied problems. Typically requires a relevant degree and nine or more
years of experience.
Develops design solutions according to requirements, to deliver products,

equipment, materials, etc. of the highest standard.
Participates in establishing design constraints.
Prepares engineering development proposals and feasibility studies.
Helps management set technical objectives.
Coordinates efforts at all levels with other units of the company, including
engineering, manufacturing, marketing, etc.
May develop new or modified components, products, manufacturing

processes, materials, and equipment.
382

Engineer IV
Reference Level: 17
Performs complex assignments often requiring development of new or
improved products, processes or techniques. Assesses feasibility and
soundness of proposed engineering tests, products, and equipment.
Coordinates planning, organization, and implementation of engineering
projects within constraints of specific objectives and target dates as specified
by management. This is a journey level position and may represent transition
from individual contributor to the managerial level. May or may not have
ongoing responsibilities for people management. Typically requires the ability
to broadly interpret principles, theories, and concepts of an engineering
specialty.
Contributes to successful project completion by participating in the

resolution of issues such as conflicting design requirements, unsuitability
of standard materials, and complex coordination requirements.
Coordinates project activities with other operating or engineering units to

facilitate participation of appropriate staff in project completion.
Coordinates implementation of design engineering solutions.
Reviews project-related documentation to ensure accuracy.
Participates in professional organizations to maintain current knowledge

of technical innovations.
Assists in determining project objectives to contribute to the development

of a comprehensive project design.
Outlines project requirements, assigns tasks, and supervises progress to

ensure that objectives are being met.
Provides technical direction to project team members.
383

Engineer III
Reference Level: 16
Performs standard engineering assignments, usually representing a significant
portion of a larger project. Selects engineering techniques to solve problems
and makes design recommendations. This is the second career progression for
an engineer. Typically requires a degree in engineering and three or more years
of experience.
Participates as a team member in a specific phase of a broad engineering

assignment.
Directs preparation of appropriate documentation for assigned projects.
Provides technical leadership to a small group of temporarily assigned

engineers and technicians.
Ensures successful completion of the assigned project phase within the

budgeted time and cost constraints.
Participates in defining engineering approaches, and in planning and

scheduling work.
384

Engineer II
Reference Level: 15
Performs conventional, less complex engineering assignments that may involve
equipment or product design, testing of materials, preparation of specifications,
process studies or research investigations. This is the novice level and is the
first career progression for an engineer. Instructions are provided on task
specifications and design constraints, and new designs or applications are
closely reviewed. Typically requires one to two years of experience.
Applies standard techniques involving only minor innovations of

methodology to provide solutions to problems with a limited number of
variables.
Normally focuses on existing products or processes.
Participates with drafters, technicians, and others to contribute to project

completion.
Coordinates work with other engineers and operating groups to facilitate

participation of various organizational units.
385

Engineer I
Reference Level: 14
Performs limited assignments of specific engineering tasks, such as
contributing to a minor phase of a larger project or testing new products.
Emphasis is on documentation, monitoring, and testing. This is an entry-level
professional with limited experience. Typically requires a degree in
engineering or equivalent.
Performs a variety of routine tasks that are planned to provide experience

and familiarization with the engineering staff and the methods, practices,
and programs of the company.
Provides straightforward solutions to problems using readily available,

clear, and direct references.
Collects and evaluates data, and develops plans for assignments that may
involve design application.
386
Engineering
Engineering Technicians and Drafters
387
388

Function: Engineering Technicians and Drafters (EGB)
Engineering Technician Supervisor

Reference Level: 15
Provides administrative supervision of staff. This is the first level of
administrative supervision. May oversee equipment testing, product service, a
drafting room or other support activity.
Supervises small staff of nonprofessionals to accomplish specific tasks.
Makes work assignments and schedules and reviews work in progress.

recommendations.
Assures adequate documentation and reporting of procedures and test

results.
May also work as an individual contributor technician as needed.
389

Technologist/Technician VI
Reference Level: 15
Responsible for complex assignments, demonstrating technical leadership and a
peer level understanding with professionals of engineering concepts and
principles in the assigned area of activity. May perform parts of standard
engineering assignments. Selects technologist/engineering techniques to solve
problems and make design recommendations. This is a senior specialist
working as a team member with professional staff. Typically requires at least
eight years of experience and comprehensive knowledge of theories and
principles of relevant disciplines, and the concepts and methods employed by
the professional staff.
Develops product specifications and designs test procedures and

standards.
Recommends/develops product or process changes to improve system

performance or to better meet customer or other user needs.
Works with professional staff in defining technical approaches and in

diagnosing causes of system, equipment or material failures.
Designs and develops appropriate procedures, equipment (moulds, dies,

jigs, and fixtures), and standards to satisfy the intent of the project.
Responsible for testing and calibration of testing equipment.
Prepares project specifications, cost and material estimates, project

schedules, reports, contacts or tender documents.
Evaluates sources of materials and coordinates with suppliers to ensure

materials meet specifications and appropriate quality and safety standards.
Undertakes field inspections and surveys.
Develops engineering drawings and specifications from preliminary

specifications.
May provide project/technical leadership to a small group of

technologists/technicians involved with design, testing, fieldwork, pilot
plant, etc.
390

Technologist/Technician V
Reference Level: 14
Responsible for complex technical assignments as a significant part of an
ongoing engineering program, in support of activities such as design,
diagnostics, testing, production, operation of equipment, and systems.
Recommends product or process modification. Assists in diagnosing and
finding answers to technical or research problems. This is a seasoned specialist
with a thorough knowledge of theories and principles of the relevant discipline
and a sound understanding of design concepts and studies of professional team
members. Typically requires completion of a two- or three-year degree
program in engineering technology (i.e., mechanical, electrical, civil), at least
seven years of experience, and five years of practical work.
May perform some or all of the following services:
Translates product specifications in designing test procedures and

standards.
Recommends product or process changes to improve system performance

or to better meet customer or other user needs.
Works with professional staff in diagnosing causes of system, equipment

or material failures using advanced testing methods and equipment.
Selects and uses appropriate procedures, equipment, and standards to

satisfy the intent of professional staff.
Prepares cost and material estimates, project schedules, and reports.
Prepares contract and tender documents.
Designs moulds, tools, dies, jigs, and fixtures.
May assist with evaluating sources of materials and coordinating with

suppliers to ensure materials meet specifications and appropriate quality
and safety standards.
Participates in field inspections and surveys.
Develops engineering drawings and specifications from preliminary

specifications.
Provides technical direction to lower level technologists/technicians.
391

Technologist/Technician IV
Reference Level: 13
Responsible for moderately complex technical assignments as a significant part
of an ongoing engineering program, in support of activities such as design,
testing, production, operation of equipment, and systems. Assists in the design,
operation and maintenance of equipment, tools, methods, and services and in
diagnosing and correcting technical problems. This is a journey-level
professional with a thorough knowledge of principles of the relevant discipline
and a sound understanding of the objectives of professional staff. Typically
requires completion of a two- or three-year degree in engineering technology,
plus at least five years of practical work experience.
Develops test standards and procedures under general direction from

professional staff.
Assists professional staff in diagnosing causes of system, equipment or

material failures using advanced testing methods and equipment.
Provides technical opinions and information for use in product or process

modifications and in interpretation of results.
Selects and uses appropriate procedures, equipment, and standards to

produce required data and assists with interpretation.
Sets up, tests, and calibrates testing equipment.
Undertakes projects involving costing, material estimates, scheduling, etc.
Prepares routine engineering drawings and specifications from sketches

and verbal instructions.
Provides advice and technical direction to lower level

technologists/technicians.
392

Technologist/Technician III
Reference Level: 12
Responsible for standard technical assignments as a significant part of an
ongoing engineering program, in support of activities such as design, testing,
production, operation of equipment, and systems. This is the first-level of
professional, with a sound knowledge of principles of the relevant discipline
applied to practical situations. Works within an engineering program where
direction and assistance are provided by professional or more senior
technologist/technician staff. Typically requires completion of a two- or threeyear degree in engineering technology (i.e., mechanical, electrical, civil), and
three years of supervised work experience.
Under direction, selects and uses appropriate procedures, equipment, and

standards to produce requested results.
Understands the basic purpose for tests/projects in order to make

appropriate observations, adjust procedures, and note anomalies.
Recommends modifications to design and test procedures, equipment, and

standards, and contributes to development of new methods.
Under general direction, tests and calibrates test equipment.
Assists in locating and correcting operating problems.
Contributes to projects involving costing, material estimates, scheduling,

etc.
Takes part in preparing routine engineering drawings and specifications.
Counsels and/or assigns simple tasks to junior staff.
393

Technologist/Technician II
Reference Level: 11
Performs conventional assignments as part of an ongoing engineering program,
in support of activities such as design, testing, production, operation of
equipment, and systems. This position represents the first progression for
someone who has completed secondary technical education.
Under supervision, selects and conducts tests and analyses of materials,

equipment, and processes of moderate complexity using standard and
established procedures. Some judgment is required to obtain results
including reporting additional information of potential importance.
Makes minor modifications of procedures within guidelines, recording

both requested results and observed anomalies.
Assists in making modification to test procedures and equipment, and in

testing and calibrating test equipment.
Contributes to projects involving costing, material estimates, scheduling,

etc., under supervision.
Assists in preparing routine engineering drawings and specifications,

under close supervision.
Assists in field surveys and inspections.
394

Technologist/Technician I
Reference Level: 10
Performs limited assignments as part of an ongoing engineering program, in
support of activities such as design, testing, production, operation of
equipment, and systems. Uses a variety of materials and/or equipment, some of
which require precise calibration and readings. Works within structured
routines using reference materials and readily available assistance from more
senior staff. This is an entry-level position for someone who is either nearing
completion, or has recently completed a two- or three-year degree in
engineering technology or closely related discipline.
Conducts a variety of standard tests and analytical procedures assigned

through verbal or written instructions, requiring some judgment on
occasion to obtain results.
Assists in setting up tests, using a variety of test materials and equipment,

and records results to facilitate comparison with defined standards. Notes
unusual occurrences which may have significance.
Collects and evaluates data and develops plans for assignments that may
involve design application.
395

Design Drafter
Reference Level: 13
Produces working designs from engineering specifications where only
conceptual features have been identified. Projects are based in an engineering
sub-sector, e.g. civil, electrical, oil and gas, etc. Knowledge is specialized and
mainly gained through extensive on-the-job experience.
Produces schematic layouts of mechanical mechanisms, electrical systems

or structures.
Calculates and defines key features to meet required functional

specifications using standard reference books or procedures.
Uses computer programs for detailed design, generating parts lists and
specifications; turns research ideas into technical plans using CAD/CAE
software.
Selects proprietary items in achieving design requirements.
May contribute to design standards and system and engineering

specifications.
May act as team leader on major projects coordinating work of other

draftsmen.
396

Drafter
Reference Level: 12
Produces working drawings from layouts or sketches, with reference made to
standard drawing procedures. Projects are based in an engineering sub-sector,
e.g. civil, electrical, oil and gas, etc. Knowledge is specialized and mainly
gained through on-the-job experience.
Draws general assembly, illustrating key features of design and notes of

reference or instruction as appropriate.
Able to conceptualize and produce comprehensive design solutions, with

high quality work using CAD/CAE.
Prepares parts lists and material schedules.
Allocates subsidiary drawing reference numbers for sub-assemblies.
Obtains dimensional and other features of specified proprietary items to

incorporate in design.
Ensures dimensional suitability by reference to known standards and

allocates tolerances as appropriate.
Make calculations in specifying dimensional features.
May use specialized nomenclature for hydraulic or pneumatic schematics.
397

Electronic Technician II
Reference Level: 12
Performs a variety of electronic, mechanical, and electromechanical tests on
electronic systems, sub-assemblies, and parts to ensure unit functions according
to specifications or to determine cause of unit failure. Typically requires
knowledge of the principles of electronics, electricity, and possibly mechanics,
along with several years of experience in troubleshooting malfunctions on subassemblies prior to working on electronic systems.
Reads test schedules, work orders, test manuals, performance

specifications, wiring diagrams, and schematics to ascertain testing
procedures and equipment to be used.
Performs functional tests of systems, sub-assemblies or parts under

specified environmental conditions, such as temperature changes,
vibrations, pressure, and humidity, using devices such as temperature
cabinets, shake-test machines, and centrifuges.
Traces circuits of defective units using diagnostic programs and replaces

or rectifies defective components.
Calibrates test instruments according to specifications.
Reads dials that indicate electronic characteristics such as voltage,

frequency distortion, inductance, and capacitance.
Compares results with specifications and records test data or plots test
results on graphs.
398

Electronic Technician I
Reference Level: 11
Tests the electronic functions of assemblies, components, and parts using
standard test equipment and procedures. Typically requires a basic
understanding of principles of electronics and electricity, acquired through
either formal technical training or several years of practical experience.
Connects unit to test instruments such as ohmmeter, voltmeter, ammeter or

oscilloscope.
Reads instrument dials or scopes that indicate resistance, capacitance,

continuity or wave pattern.
Compares instrument readings with standards and investigates routine

defects.
Records type and quantity of defects.
Examines assembly or components for visual defects such as short leads,

bent plates or cracked seals.
Adjusts circuits in electronic appliances for maximum signal response.
Verifies dimensions of parts, using standard gauges.
Operates equipment, which subjects unit to stress prior to testing.
399
400
Logistics/Supply Chain
401
402
Family: Logistics/Supply Chain (LS)

Function: Spanning (LSZ)
Logistics and Supply Chain Manager

II
Reference Level: 19
Manages and coordinates the company's logistic and supply chain function
across sub-functions such as acquisition, warehousing, material management,
and distribution/transportation to meet companys business requirements. This
is the top logistic and supply chain position for a specific location but is

proposes and implements logistic and supply chain strategies, guidelines
and procedures within broad principles and policies set by the organization
to meet requirements supporting short and long-term business needs.
Oversees the purchasing of materials and equipment to ensure an

uninterrupted supply at optimum cost.
Develops, implements, and monitors all logistics management activities

required for the timely and efficient transportation and warehousing of
incoming and outgoing materials and distribution of products.
Ensures the integration of sales forecasts, purchasing, production control,

traffic, and warehousing to support a manufacturing operation and
optimize costs.

department.
Scope Variants
Reference Level 20
Reference Level 19
Reference Level 18

revenue
< 50 million USD
Size of
team:
Team of 10 to 30
professional staff
members is common.
Team of up to 10
professional staff
members is common.

professional staff
members including subteam leaders or
supervisors is common.
403

Function: Spanning (LSZ)
Logistics and Supply Chain Manager

I
Reference Level: 17
Manages and coordinates the company's logistic and supply chain function
including acquisition, warehousing, material management, and
distribution/transportation to meet companys business requirements. This is
the top logistic and supply chain position for a specific location but is governed
by policies and frameworks established by the larger corporation.
Implements established logistic and supply chain policies, procedures, and

practices to meet requirements supporting short and long-term business
needs.
Manages purchasing of materials and equipment to ensure an

uninterrupted supply at optimum cost.
Manages logistic activities required for the timely and efficient

transportation and warehousing of incoming and outgoing materials and
distribution of products.
Ensures connection between sales, purchasing, production control, traffic,

and warehousing to support a manufacturing operation and optimize costs.

professionals.
404
Business Planning
405
406

Function: Business Planning (LSD)
Demand and Supply Planning

Director
Reference Level: 19
Oversees the demand / supply planning function to enable business planning
and enhance profitability.
Develops and implements core demand / supply planning processes, plans
and business routines to support business objectives.
Oversees development of demand / supply plans for companys senior

management review and approval.
Establishes all forecast parameters required to generate statistical forecast.
Monitors results and identifies trends impacting demand forecast

accuracy. Develops and oversees implementation of corrective action
plans as necessary.
Manages consensus forecast translation processes to provide actionable

information to Marketing, Product Management and Supply Chain.
Facilitates cross-functional (Supply Chain, Sales & Marketing, Customer

Service, Production, Finance, and IT) meetings to improve and adopt
demand / supply planning best practice forecasting techniques, methods,
and approaches.
407

Demand and Supply Planning

Manager
Reference Level: 17
Manages a team of Demand / Supply Planners and oversees forecast and
inventory planning process to optimize inventory stocking levels and to meet
customer service objectives.
Evolves and maintains documentation and standard operating procedures
for demand/supply planning processes and systems and ensures that these
are being followed by the staff.
Establishes and improves forecasting techniques, methods (statistical

models and software tools) in creating forecasts and respective inventory
targets.
Ensures that inventory targets (including safety stock levels) approved by

management are maintained.
Leads forecast and inventory planning meetings with marketing, sales, and
supply chain managers, reviewing recommended sales forecasts and
inventory goals.
Prepares and communicates forecast and inventory measurements to

management (forecast accuracy, inventory plan vs. targets).
Monitors stock-keeping unit levels and recommends stock-keeping unit

rationalization initiatives in the future.
408

Demand Planner
Reference Level: 15
Plans and manages allocated supply chain resources and demand processes to
ensure the business meets agreed customer service targets at minimum
operating cost and optimum stock levels.
Establishes robust demand forecasts by utilizing relevant statistical tools

and using market and sales information including planned sales orders,
customer contracts, intercompany standing orders, promotional activity,
seasonality, brand changes, etc.
Cooperates with sales, marketing, customer service personnel to deliver an

accurate demand driven forecast plans.
Conducts analysis of sales forecasts together with marketing and finance

insight.
Reports on forecast accuracy.
Coordinates forecast updates and manages demand changes from key

areas within business.
May also have responsibility for customer collaboration in key customers.
409

Supply Planner
Reference Level: 15
Manages finished goods inventory assortment, levels, and replenishment to
ensure on time performance and fill rates across distribution network.
Reviews stock-keeping units coverage profiles and takes corrective

actions.
Manages safety stocks and stock-keeping units selection process.
Identifies potential capacity restrictions which impact goals and develop

plans to alleviate restrictions.
May manages medium and long term capacity tradeoffs with plants.
Monitors customer and inventory trends, and recommends short term

forecast adjustments.
Assists with the adjustment of the inventory optimization plan to ensure

maximization of gross margin return on investment and minimize
inventory carrying costs.
Communicates decisions and supply impacts to all stakeholders in the

planning process.
410
411
Purchasing/Procurement
412
413

Function: Purchasing/Procurement (LSA)
Purchasing Manager
Reference Level: 18
Directs the purchasing function for a major group of materials and equipment
to ensure an uninterrupted supply at optimum cost, and within the policies and
guidelines established by management. May be primarily an individual
contributor purchasing a large volume of a limited range of critical materials or
a managerial position purchasing a wide range of items through a group of
subordinates.
Establishes and implements procedures for procuring materials and

services.
Consolidates major purchases to secure the best possible pricing by

leverage.
Negotiates long-term contracts to ensure optimum costs and reliable

supply.
Maintains relationships with vendors and contractors to ensure good,

reliable sources of supply and information.
Ensures thorough and complete purchase and inventory records to provide

accurate accounting of all purchased goods and services.
Processes to conclusion all disputed purchases of goods and services for

the protection of the company and with fairness to the supplier.
414

Purchasing Agent
Reference Level: 16
Purchases complex items, with detailed specifications. This is a seasoned
professional involved in developing specifications and performing analysis to
balance the value of competing bids.
Negotiates service contracts and approves extra work claims.
Analyzes and evaluates bids to determine optimum value.
Selects suppliers and issues purchase orders; follows-up and expedites as

necessary.
Reviews and approves purchase requisitions.
Identifies potential suppliers and issues requests for quotations.
Investigates and qualifies suppliers.
Monitors market trends and conditions.
415

Buyer II
Reference Level: 14
Purchases materials, parts, supplies, and equipment following established
purchasing policies and procedures and optimizes price, delivery, and terms.
This is an intermediate level position who typically purchases $3.5 to $5
million per year. Not heavily involved in development of specifications, but
work is more complex than buying off-the-shelf items.
Reviews and approves purchase requisitions.
Analyzes and selects suppliers and issues purchase orders; follows-up and
expedites as necessary.
Investigates and qualifies suppliers.
Monitors market trends and conditions.
416

Buyer I
Reference Level: 13
Purchases materials, parts, supplies, and equipment following established
purchasing policies and procedures and optimizes price, delivery, and terms.
This is the first-level professional who typically purchases less than $3.5
million per year. Not involved in development of specifications and primarily
buys off-the-shelf items.
Reviews purchase requisitions for proper authorization.
Analyzes and selects suppliers and issues purchase orders; follows-up and
expedites as necessary.
May monitor storeroom stocks and initiate orders within established

guidelines.
Assists in studies of market trends.
417
Warehousing/Material Management
418
419

Function: Warehousing/Material Management (LSB)
Materials Manager
Reference Level: 19
Integrates the functions of purchasing, production control, traffic, and
warehousing to support a manufacturing operation. This is an operational-level
position designed to pull together the logistics-related functions. Typically
requires managerial experience in one or more of the functional areas.
Using shipping forecasts and commitments, develops production plans and

schedules.
Identifies material requirements and timing.
Directs acquisition of materials, components, and supplies to support

production schedules.
Coordinates transportation and warehousing of incoming and outgoing

materials.
Coordinates inventory and production schedules to optimize costs.
420

Material Coordinator
Reference Level: 17
Manages the accurate and timely flow of material and supplies that supports effective and
cost-efficient businesses requirements.
Coordinates the process of material management just in time delivery,

storage, handling, and control in line with companys policies.
Compiles and maintains material inventory records, in-process production

reports, and status, and location of materials.
Reviews material inventory records on regular/daily basis, manages inventory

control policies (minimum inventory, point of order, economic batch), and
places orders with parts and material suppliers to ensure required material.
Coordinates and expedites flow of materials, parts, and assemblies according

to production and shipping schedules or department priorities.
Examines material delivered to production departments to verify conformance

to specifications.
May arranges in-plant transfer of materials to meet production schedules.
Coordinates and supervises a small team of material administrators.
421

Warehouse Manager
Reference Level: 16
Staffs, organizes, and directs operations within a warehouse to effectively
manage receipt, storage, selection, packaging, loading, and shipping of
products to customers. This is a first- or second-level supervisory position
covering more than one shift or area.
Controls costs through productivity of personnel, efficient usage of storage

space, and proper protection of stored materials.
Maintains records of inventories and location for production control and

cost accounting.
Recommends warehouse/material handling equipment needs and

replacement.
Responsible for enforcing organization policies of conduct and safety and

initiates disciplinary action.
Identifies the causes of product losses and takes corrective action.
422

Warehouse Supervisor
Reference Level: 13
Supervises warehouse operations to ensure that orders are selected, packaged,
loaded, and dispatched safely, timely, and efficiently, and proper records are
maintained. Typically accountable for a single warehouse department on a
shift. This is a first-level supervisor who typically reports to a warehouse
manager.
Promotes productivity and safety through effective training and constant

feedback to employees.
Maintains records of employee attendance and performance.
Anticipates staff needs, schedules personnel, and assigns work.
Maintains daily objectives and ensures work goals are met in a timely and
effective manner.
Initiates personnel actions for approval by management.
423

Stock Clerk
Reference Level: 8
Responsible for the receipt, recording, and disbursement of a wide variety of
tools, materials, and supplies from a shop supply room. Must be sufficiently
knowledgeable about products and locations to service requisitions with
minimum delay. Uses a manual or terminal based inventory system.
Issues requisitioned products, ensuring proper authorization and

maintaining appropriate needs.
Assists in receiving, checking, documenting, and storing incoming

products.
Assists in conducting physical inventories.
May recommend locations, stock rotations, and other procedures for

greater efficiency.
Uses a ladder, hand truck, and dolly.
May suggest substitutes for simple out-of-stock items.
424

Forklift Operator
Reference Level: 7
Operates a manually controlled, rider-type powered truck with forks or other
lifting devices (e.g., clamps, barrel lifters, customized devices) to transport
materials of all kinds around a warehouse or plant. Materials to be moved,
location, and destination are clearly indicated. May use a stock-locator system
in a warehouse and may be required to search for missing lots.
Moves a paletted, large single item or unit loads; withdraws or positions

loads in racks.
May perform routine equipment servicing, such as attaching a battery

charger, replenishing fuel, and checking for safety of operations.
425
Distribution/Transportation
426
427

Function: Distribution/Transportation (LSC)
Transportation and Distribution

Manager
Reference Level: 19
Develops, implements, and monitors all logistics management activities
required for the timely and efficient transportation and distribution of products.
Participates in the development of the strategies of the business and
understands the need for an effective transportation and distribution function to
support them. This is a well-seasoned, senior-level professional who typically
reports directly to a functional head of transportation and distribution.
Manages a team of logistics specialists accountable for product tracking,

route analysis, and re-routing recommendations.
Manages the organization's vehicle facilities and operations.
Participates in the implementation of the organization's strategy for

efficient product distribution.
Supports the organization's strategy by providing data and

recommendations on costing and usage alternatives.
428

Logistics Specialist
Reference Level: 16
Coordinates all day-to-day logistics activities required for the transportation of
products, via all available modes. This is an individual contributor, career-level
position. Typically requires a technical or business-related degree.
Monitors, analyzes, and modifies transportation methods, to maximize

asset utilization.
Expedites the transportation of products by trouble-shooting immediately

when problems arise.
Assesses equipment requirements.
Interfaces regularly with product management, production operations, IT,

and overseas sales office staffs, carriers, and customers, to discuss and
improve how logistics are managed.
Supports the transportation negotiation function by providing cost and

route analyses, and route alternatives.
429

Traffic Manager
Reference Level: 16
Arranges and schedules transportation of products from the plant to distribution
centers, warehouses, and customers to optimize service and cost.
Responsibilities do not normally include coordination of an organizationowned truck fleet.
Makes all necessary arrangements to transport finished products from the

plant, using common carriers.
Determines the most effective mode of transportation, negotiating

arrangements with carriers, scheduling individual shipments, and
arranging export documentation.
Monitors service and negotiates settlement of damage claims.
Serves as a resource on regulations, such as hazardous material packaging

and shipping.
430

Import/Export Manager
Reference Level: 18
Ensures that the movement of products, equipment, materials in and/or out of
the country is conducted in line with companys import/export policy which
supports business objectives.
Ensures that import/export activities comply with companys policy as

well as with local, country and international law and processes.
Manages the necessary documentation for efficient, cost-effective and

lawful execution of all import/export activities.
Manages financial and currency processes and transactions in accordance

with policy and law.
Communicates with import/export and relates authorities, customers,

suppliers in all relevant territories and countries to support import/export
business requirements.
Plans and implements import/export strategy and activities consistent with

overall companys goals and requirements.
Liaise with other companys departments in order to establish and

maintain efficient import/export activities in relation to sales, purchasing,
materials management, production and overall operational function.
431

Import/Export Supervisor
Reference Level: 15
Provides day-to-day supervision of a small group of import/export personnel.
This is the first level of supervision where the incumbent has administrative
responsibility for staff. The business area will tend to cover all transport lines,
such as air, sea, road, and railways. Typically requires thorough knowledge of
importing/exporting processes and policies, and a minimum of five years of
experience in the import/export business area.
Performs the most complex importing/exporting processes and activities

(troubleshooting).
Typically responsible for multiple lines of transport (air, sea, road,

railways), or multiple types of goods (groceries, pharmaceuticals).
Ensures that import/export activities are performed according to

legislation.
Has thorough knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, custom

policies, and available means of transportation.
Distributes work assignments, schedules, and reviews work in progress.

recommendations.
Improves and/or modifies standard procedures.
432

Import/Export Specialist
Reference Level: 12
Ensures that shipment or receipt of goods to or from an international location is
accomplished. Typically requires sound knowledge of importing/exporting
processes and policies, and a minimum of two years experience in the
import/export business area.
Performs non-standard and complex activities for importing/exporting of

goods.
Typically operates in one or two lines of transport (air, sea, road, railways)
or in limited types of goods (groceries, pharmaceuticals).
Verifies correctness of shipping invoices.
Assesses duty and tariff amounts for shipments.
Has sound knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, custom policies,

and available means of transportation.
433

Import/Export Clerk
Reference Level: 10
Performs clerical tasks for shipment or receipt of goods to or from an
international location. This is an entry-level position with well-defined and
standardized work.
Prepares and processes documents for the importing/exporting of goods.
Verifies correctness of shipping invoices.
Assesses duty and tariff amounts for shipments.
Has knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, and available means of

transportation.
434

Dispatcher
Reference Level: 12
Responsible for receiving and transmitting messages relating to tracking and
activating services, for a specified location or territory.
Receives and relays information to coordinate operations.
Checks and tracks schedules, keeping aware of the availability of services

at any given time.
Plans and prioritizes requests, when limited resources are available.
May monitor, document, and record communication.
435

Truck Driver
Reference Level: 9
Drives a small to medium truck or van that is typically less than five tons to
make regular deliveries and pickups. Vehicle may include a trailer. Requires a
driver's license appropriate to the vehicle being driven.
Plans own routing for most effective utilization within schedule

constraints.
Ensures delivery or pick-up documentation is complete.
Does routine servicing and may perform minor truck maintenance such as
fueling, checking lights, oil levels, tires, brakes etc.
May record information such as distance traveled, fuel consumption, etc.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to the degree of autonomy as the principle guide to determining
the appropriate job match.
Reference Level 9
Degree of
autonomy:
Oversees all functions of vehicle,

including loading and unloading,
condition of equipment, safety,
and security. May alter routes
because of traffic patterns or
special deliveries to ensure the
most efficient and economical
trip.
436
Reference Level 8
Works from written or verbal
instructions and/or follows
regularly scheduled routine,
maintains trip records, and
checks materials against
instructions. Has others assist
with loading and unloading
vehicle.
437
Production
Production
438
439
Family: Production (PR)

Function: Production (PRA)
Plant Manager
Reference Level: 19
Plans, directs, and coordinates all manufacturing activities of a small plant of
about 100 employees, including production, materials, quality control, and
manufacturing engineering, to produce products in the most cost effective way,
while meeting shipping requirements and sales commitments. Operations are
characterized by standard products, with very narrow focus and limited range
of technology. Plant may be a stand-alone facility or a relatively independent
unit within a larger site. Typically requires a broad background in
manufacturing technology, line management experience, and an understanding
of related administrative areas.
Directs production and ensures cost effectiveness and consistency with

prescribed quality, accuracy, and performance standards.
Maintains plant property and equipment to ensure compliance with

governmental regulations and to ensure effective and economical
operations.
Prepares and submits operating reports to management to inform them of

current production status and to make recommendations to improve
efficiency and effectiveness.
Assures effective customer service and relations through timely delivery

of quality products.
Selects, trains, develops, and motivates manufacturing staff to maintain

plant operations.
Assures compliance of all plant operations with company policy and

federal, state, and local regulations.
440

Superintendent/Production Manager
Reference Level: 19
Manages production operations within a production department on multiple
shifts, or across several departments on a single shift, to assure cost effective,
timely manufacture of quality products. Typically requires a solid background
in manufacturing with experience in manufacturing management, a thorough
knowledge of regulations concerning material standards, safety, and control,
and good communications skills.
Integrates production operation or processes, or related processes over

multiple shifts.
Establishes short-term activities directed toward production continuity and

balance, such as creating shift schedules, ensuring requisition of materials,
machine loading, grievance resolution, and equipment maintenance.
Coordinates and integrates with other plant function areas to ensure

support in attaining output, productivity, and quality.
Selects, organizes, trains, and motivates the production labor force to

ensure consistent attainment of production schedules at optimum
productivity and cost levels.
Recommends improvements in production flow or methods.
441

General Supervisor II, I

Supervises activities of unit supervisors within a single production or service
department on multiple shifts to ensure the effective, timely manufacture of
quality products.
Coordinates production operations within a single department that uses

common production equipment, methods, and standards over multiple
shifts.
Directs unit supervisors in establishing and maintaining production

schedules within established procedures and budgets.
Monitors established performance indicators, including variance reports,

production reports, quality reports, and injury reports.
Ensures compliance with safety rules and regulations to minimize

industrial injuries and meet regulatory requirements.
Guides unit supervisors on union contract interpretation, compliance with

organization policies, and adherence to quality control standards.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to the complexity of the position and/or size of the unit to
determine the appropriate job match.
II
Reference Level 17
I
Reference Level 16
Size of unit:
May coordinate activities of

five to eight unit supervisors
representing a number of
separate manufacturing
departments or areas with up to
200 employees. Capital
intensive operations may have
less staff members.
This is a second level

supervisor, with three or
more supervisory and 90
unionized employees.
Complexity of
position:
Manufacturing operations are

more complex in nature (e.g.,
electronics assembly yard
testing of machines) and require
skilled production employees.
Requires unskilled to semiskilled personnel.
442

Unit Supervisor IV
Reference Level: 16
Supervises maintenance or skilled employees on an assigned shift to perform
service functions within established timing, quality, and cost standards.
Emphasis is on highly skilled operations, such as precision machining, tool and
die production, complex assembly, and testing, quality assurance, and
troubleshooting. Supervises activities requiring highly skilled employees in
tasks with several sequential or unrelated operations and is accountable for
work quality. Subordinates may have more than one distinct craft. Typically
requires a high level of technical knowledge to assist subordinates with
troubleshooting and problem resolution. May have up to 30 subordinates.
Supervises production activities to ensure manufactured products meet or

exceed all established quality requirements, including product integrity
and production order documentation.
Directs all related personnel actions, including final selection, training,

performance appraisal, discipline, safety, and grievance procedures in
unionized environments.
Determines manufacturing priorities based on established weekly

production schedules and makes daily assignments.
Interprets specifications and makes judgments about the acceptability of

production that is in process.
Implements departmental safety programs to ensure safety of employees

working in the area.
Assures product quality.
Directs routine equipment maintenance and set-up.
Assists subordinates in problem solving and exercises considerable

judgment.
443

Production Control Manager

Reference Level: 18
Generates the extended production plan for an entire plant or an important
product line. Responsible for the integration of sales forecasts, budgets, raw
materials required in the production process, finished goods inventories,
equipment capacities and staffing. This is an experienced level position,
requiring a thorough understanding of organization operations, sales
environment, and cost structures. Typically, has professional subordinates.
Analyzes sales forecasts to determine short- and medium-term

requirements for production resources (people, materials, equipment,
subcontractors, etc.).
Establishes guidelines for delivery time commitments.
Coordinates preparation of production schedules and material orders.
Monitors and adjusts schedules to respond to market/production

requirements and optimizes costs.
444

Production Planner
Reference Level: 15
Provides master schedules for plant production operations to meet production
requirements. Typically requires knowledge of plant capacities, equipment,
staffing, and processes, and an understanding of their interaction.
Maintains running accounts of orders received, work completed, and

inventory.
Matches workload, manning, and production capacity to existing

inventory.
Prepares and monitors master schedules containing details of the materials

and production equipment in use, quantity and cost of materials, staffing,
the time required, and the quality standards to be met.
Works with supply chain / logistics, production, and maintenance

personnel to coordinate activities.
Communicates status and changes to customer service or directly to

customers.
445

Unit Supervisor III

Reference Level: 15
Supervises employees on an assigned shift to ensure manufacture of products,
parts, components or assemblies, or to perform service functions within
established timing, quality, and cost standards. Has greater emphasis than Unit
Supervisors I and II on skilled operations, such as machining, continuous
process operations, assembly, and testing, quality assurance, and
troubleshooting. Typically requires a high level of technical skill to assist
operators with troubleshooting and problem resolution. May have up to 30
subordinates.





Assures product quality.
Assists operators in problem solving and exercises considerable judgment.
Directs routine equipment maintenance and set-up.
446

Unit Supervisor II
Reference Level: 14
parts, components or assemblies, or to perform service functions within
established timing, quality, and cost standards. Operations are of a routine
nature, normally requiring simple machine set-ups in areas such as stamping,
extruding, spot welding or assembly of small units. Typically requires
technical proficiency and troubleshooting ability to supervise the production
process. May have up to 30 semi-skilled subordinates.





Arranges for the maintenance of machines, equipment, and facilities.
447

Unit Supervisor I
Reference Level: 13
parts, components or assemblies, or to perform other routine tasks, such as
janitorial work, within established timing, quality, and cost standards. This is
the first level of supervision. Work is characterized by conveyor assembly
lines and manual work methods requiring very limited training. May have up
to 30 unskilled subordinates.





448

Production Control Manager

Reference Level: 18
Generates the extended production plan for an entire plant or an important
product line. Responsible for the integration of sales forecasts, budgets, raw
materials required in the production process, finished goods inventories,
equipment capacities and staffing. This is an experienced level position,
requiring a thorough understanding of organization operations, sales
environment, and cost structures. Typically, has professional subordinates.
Analyzes sales forecasts to determine short- and medium-term

requirements for production resources (people, materials, equipment,
subcontractors, etc.).
Establishes guidelines for delivery time commitments.
Coordinates preparation of production schedules and material orders.
Monitors and adjusts schedules to respond to market/production

requirements and optimizes costs.
449

Production Planner
Reference Level: 15
Provides master schedules for plant production operations to meet production
requirements. Typically requires knowledge of plant capacities, equipment,
staffing, and processes, and an understanding of their interaction.
Maintains running accounts of orders received, work completed, and

inventory.
Matches workload, manning, and production capacity to existing

inventory.
Prepares and monitors master schedules containing details of the materials

and production equipment in use, quantity and cost of materials, staffing,
the time required, and the quality standards to be met.
Works with supply chain / logistics, production, and maintenance

personnel to coordinate activities.
Communicates status and changes to customer service or directly to

customers.
450

Operator V / Control Panel Operator

Reference Level: 13
Analyzes specifications and controls continuous operation of processing units
(e.g. refinery). Operates control panel to regulate temperature, pressure, rate of
flow according to process schedules.
Reads and analyzes specifications, schedules, logs, and test results to

determine changes to equipment controls required to produce specified
product.
Observes instruments, gauges, and meters to verify conformance to

specified quality and quantity of product.
Moves and adjusts dials, switches, valves, and levers on control panel to
regulate and coordinate process variables, such as flows, temperatures,
pressures, vacuum, time, catalyst, and chemicals as specified.
Inspects equipment and listens for automated warning signals to determine

location and nature of malfunction, such as leaks and breakage.
Repairs, lubricates, and maintains equipment or reports malfunctioning

equipment to supervisor to schedule needed repairs.
Compiles and records operating data, instrument readings, documents, and

results of laboratory analyses.
Cleans interior of processing units by circulating chemicals and solvents

within unit.
451

Operator IV
Reference Level: 12
Sets up and operates a computer numerical controlled (CNC) machine used in
the production of parts in an industrial plant. Has the equivalent of a four-year
journeyman apprentice in the operation of machine equipment, plus aptitude for
elementary computer programming associated with machine tools.
Selects tools required to produce parts and sets up the machine.
Loads parts onto fixtures and performs machining operation.
Checks finished part against blueprint, debugs, and submits for approval.
Operates assigned (CNC) machine, or may work a related group of (CNC)

machines of similar complexity.
Understands working properties of common metals, reads blueprints, and

understands use of coolants and lubricants.
452

Process Operator III

Reference Level: 11
Controls machine time, materials, and possibly other operators in other key
processes. Operates within general work instructions and intermittent
supervisory checks.
Controls operations of a number of inter-related, specialized machine

processes, which involves considerable judgment to attain the required
output features.
453

Process Operator II
Reference Level: 9
Controls work pace and progress on equipment, requiring awareness of links
with other process areas. Operates within established work routines and
occasional supervisory checks.
Operates machines or equipment, which involves setting up and making

adjustments to regulate factors such as temperature, pressure, flow, and
reaction of materials.
454

Process Operator I
Reference Level: 8
Coordinates a series of operations or task areas with median cycle time under
explicit instruction and close supervision.
Operates machines or equipment, which requires guiding by means of a

series of inter-related controls, in order to fabricate, process or produce
required output.
455
Production
Maintenance/Skilled Manual
456
457

Function: Maintenance/Skilled Manual (PRB)
Plant/Site Engineering and/or

Maintenance Manager
Reference Level: 20
Directs installation, maintenance, servicing, and repair of all equipment,
buildings, and grounds necessary for continuity of manufacturing operations
and safety of plant personnel. Staff includes engineers, other support
personnel, and contractors.
Prepares designs and specifications and estimates costs for internal or

contracted renovations, modifications, expansions or installation of plant
facilities and utilities.
Establishes preventive maintenance and service programs, procedures, and

record systems in order to audit the performance of services.
Develops and maintains a program for efficient production and use of

power, water, and gas, and provides instructions and procedures to ensure
the program's continued usefulness.
Provides engineering and cost advice about plant facilities related to the
short- and long-term needs of the business.
Assures compliance with national, regional, and local insurance

ordinances, regulations, and codes.
458

Maintenance Superintendent II, I

Directs the first or second level supervisors engaged in repair, maintenance,
and installation of machines, tools, and equipment, and in maintenance of
buildings, grounds, and utility systems or mill, industrial plant or other
establishment to assure cost effective, timely provision of maintenance
services. This position is found in a setting where services are diverse and
require ongoing coordination to meet changing priorities of units served.
Reviews required maintenance activities to determine work priorities.
Schedules repair, maintenance, and installation of machines, tools, and

equipment to ensure continuous production operations.
Coordinates activities of workers fabricating or modifying machines, tools

or equipment to manufacture new products or improve existing products.
Directs maintenance activities on utility systems to provide continuous

supply of heat, steam, electric power, gas or air required for operations.
Develops preventive maintenance program in conjunction with

engineering and maintenance staff.
Reviews production, quality control, and maintenance reports and

statistics to plan and modify maintenance activities.
Inspects operating machines and equipment for conformance with

operational standards.
Plans, develops, and implements new methods and procedures designed to

improve operations, minimize operating costs, and effect greater
utilization of labor and materials.
Reviews new product plans and discusses equipment needs and

modifications with design engineers.
Requisitions tools, equipment, and supplies required for maintenance

operations.
Confers with management, engineering, and quality control personnel to

resolve maintenance problems and recommend measures to improve
operations and conditions of machines and equipment.
May prepare department budget and monitor expenditure of funds in

budget.
Selects, organizes, trains, and motivates labor force to ensure consistent

attainment of schedules at optimum productivity and cost levels.
459
Scope Variants
Variants relate to size of staff and complexity as the principal guides for
determining the appropriate job match.
No. of staff:
Complexity:
II
Reference Level 19
I
Reference Level 18
> 150
< 150
Adds multiple service

departments to a multiple shift
assignment or support functions
such as scheduling or technical
resource.
460
Single service
department on multiple
shifts or across several
departments on a
single shift.

General Maintenance
Supervisor II, I
Supervises activities of maintenance unit supervisors within a single service
department on multiple shifts to ensure the effective, timely provisions of
quality services.
Coordinates maintenance activities within a single department that uses

common production equipment, methods, and standards over a multiple
shift period.
Directs supervisors in establishing and maintaining maintenance schedules

within established procedures and budgets.
Monitors established performance indicators including quality and injury

reports.
Ensures compliance with safety rules and regulations to minimize

industrial injuries and meet regulatory requirements.
Guides supervisors on union contract interpretation, compliance with

organizational policies, and adherence to quality control standards.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to functional complexity and/or number of subordinates as the
principal guide for determining the appropriate job match.
II
Reference Level 17
I
Reference Level 16
No. of
subordinates:
May coordinate activities of five to

eight unit supervisors representing a
number of separate service
departments or areas with up to 200
employees of low skill.
Generally, oversees three

or more supervisory and
up to 90 hourly/nonexempt employees.
Complexity:
Involved in service functions that are

more complex in nature and require
skilled employees, e.g., machining or
electrical repair...
Requires unskilled to
semi-skilled personnel.
461

Maintenance Unit Supervisor IV

Reference Level: 16
Supervises maintenance or skilled employees on an assigned shift to perform
service functions within established timing, quality, and cost standards.
Emphasis is on highly skilled operations, such as precision machining, tool and
die production, complex assembly, and testing, quality assurance, and
troubleshooting. Assists subordinates in problem solving and exercises
considerable judgment. Subordinates may have more than one distinct craft.
Typically requires a high level of technical knowledge to assist subordinates
with troubleshooting and problem resolution. May have up to 30 subordinates.
Supervises maintenance activities to ensure that disruption to production is

minimized.

Determines maintenance priorities based on established plans and makes

daily assignments.
Interprets functional specifications and problem reports.
Monitors quality of maintenance work.
Monitors working practices and adherence to safety procedures to ensure

safety of employees working in the area.
Establishes short-term activities directed toward work continuity and

balance, such as creating shift schedules, job priorities, material
availability, preventive inspections, and grievance resolutions.

support.

quality of work.
Recommends improvements in equipment or methods.
Exercises considerable judgment in establishing job priorities for

breakdown repairs.
462

Maintenance Unit Supervisor III

Reference Level: 15
Supervises employees on an assigned shift to perform maintenance or service
functions within established timing, quality, and cost standards. Emphasis is on
skilled crafts such as machinists or electricians. Involved in troubleshooting of
breakdown repairs and skilled fabrications. Typically requires a high level of
technical skill to assist subordinates with troubleshooting and problem
resolution. May have up to 30 subordinates.
Supervises maintenance activities to ensure that disruption to production is

minimized.


daily assignments.
Interprets functional specifications and problem reports.

Establishes short-term activities directed toward work continuity and

balance, such as shift schedules, job priorities, material availability,
preventive inspections, and grievance resolutions.

support.

quality of work.
Recommends improvements in equipment or methods.
Exercises considerable judgment in establishing job priorities for

breakdown repairs.
463

Maintenance Unit Supervisor II

Reference Level: 14
Supervises employees on an assigned shift to perform maintenance or service
functions within established timing, quality, and cost standards. Activities are
of routine or repetitive nature, normally requiring simple machine set-ups or
repetitive manual tasks. Work may include fabrication, installations or
replacement with limited emphasis on the diagnostic elements of breakdown
repair. Typically requires technical proficiency to supervise the work. May
have up to 30 semi-skilled subordinates, such as carpenters, painters or
plumbers.
Supervises maintenance activities to ensure that disruption to production

activities are minimized.


daily assignments.
Interprets problem reports.

Performs routine troubleshooting.
464

Maintenance Unit Supervisor I

Reference Level: 13
Supervises employees on an assigned shift to perform routine tasks such as
janitorial, caretaker or manual maintenance work within established timing,
quality, and cost standards. This is the first level of supervision. Work is
characterized by manual work methods requiring very limited training. May
have up to 30 unskilled subordinates.
Supervises maintenance activities to ensure that disruption to production

activities are minimized.

Determines job priorities based on established schedules and makes daily

assignments.
Interprets problem reports.
Monitors working practices and adherence to safety procedures to

contribute to the safety of employees working in the area.
465

Tool and Die Maker

Reference Level: 13
Performs a full range of tool and die work requiring a high degree of skill and
accuracy. Operates all shop machine tools and hand tools including precision
lathes, drills, jig borer, milling machines, etc. Reads complicated prints, uses
algebra, geometry, etc., and may use computer-based tools. Typically requires
completion of a four year apprenticeship program, or a combination of five
years of work experience and courses in tool and die making taken at the
degree level, followed by several years of seasoning.
Constructs and repairs tools, dies, jigs, gauges or moulds of a complicated

nature, such as combination dies, intricate fixtures with synchronizing
parts, gauges with several interrelated details held to rigid tolerances, and
single cavity and multi-cavity moulds involving difficult internal surfaces,
contours, and interrelationships.
Plans and performs all bench and required machine operations.
May perform test heating or model making.
May be expected to work with designers regarding designs or

modifications.
Analyzes breakdown of dies or moulds, determining the nature of repairs

required.
Tests own work to assure desired results.
466

Maintenance Technician II
Reference Level: 13
Performs all-around maintenance and repair services in several crafts such as
electrical, carpentry, welding, plumbing, sheet metal, painting, and millwrighting at a moderately complex level. Applies journey level skills in a
primary craft and skills in other crafts gained by practical experience.
Typically requires an in-depth understanding of maintenance history of the
building, equipment, and other facilities to be maintained.
Uses expertise for diagnosis and emergency repairs.
Provides preventive and cost-efficient repairs.
Uses all shop machinery and hand tools.
Acts as leader for less-skilled assistants.
Consults with engineers and vendors.
467

Maintenance Technician I
Reference Level: 12
Performs maintenance and repair services in more than one craft such as
electrical, carpentry, welding, plumbing, sheet metal, painting, and millwrighting at a relatively simple level. This position is more common in smaller
facilities where the incumbent has adequate experience to do most of the work
specific to that setting, but is supported by specialists or outside contractors as
needed. Has a sound understanding of maintenance history of the building,
equipment, and other facilities to be maintained. Typically requires
apprenticeship training in one craft, seasoned by practical experience, and some
training in one or more additional craft areas appropriate to the particular
environment.
Works from verbal, written instructions, blueprints, and sketches.
Troubleshoots and diagnoses equipment and systems for emergency

repairs.
Applies skills, experience, and general knowledge to a wide range of tasks

to adjust, repair, disassemble, replace, and reassemble equipment.
Performs preventive maintenance routines and inspections.
Utilizes hand tools and common shop machinery.
Assists specialists in making more complex repairs.
468

Maintenance Assistant
Reference Level: 9
General Characteristic
Performs a range of maintenance support tasks to aid maintenance personnel
covering mechanical, electrical, civil, and other trades.
Generally works from verbal instructions but may receive written

maintenance instructions for routine lubrication or materials assembly.
Assembles and transports materials handling equipment.
Assists with installation, maintenance, and repair of electrical and

mechanical plant and office equipment and appliances.
Carries out site preparations and assists civil trade personnel activities
such as drain cleaning, concrete laying, partition, and shuttering erection.
May be assigned to specific trade area and carry out some of the more
routine aspects of trade activity, e.g. routine lubrication of production
equipment and pulling of electrical wiring.
May use a variety of simple trade tools such as pipe benders, spanners,
and glass cutters.
469

Mechanical Technician II
Reference Level: 11
Carries out mechanical maintenance services of major complexity using diverse
types of machines, engines, and heavy rotating and stationary equipment.
Typically requires at least three years of experience.
Repairs and replaces parts, making adjustments, tuning, and lubricating,

following technical equipment manuals.
Interprets mechanical designs and maintenance manuals, assembling and

dismantling in order to make necessary alignments and adjustments.
Verifies task results and tracks operating equipment to detect possible

problems.
Uses sophisticated instruments of measurement and control to make

adjustments and take measurements of vibration in mechanical equipment.
470

Mechanical Technician I
Reference Level: 10
Carries out mechanical maintenance services of minor complexity using
diverse types of machines, engines, and heavy rotating and stationary
equipment. This is an entry-level position, requiring no experience.
Repairs and replaces parts, making adjustments, tuning, and lubricating,

following technical equipment manuals.
Interprets mechanical designs and maintenance manuals, assembling and

dismantling in order to make necessary alignments and adjustments.
Verifies task results and tracks operating equipment to detect possible

problems.
Uses sophisticated instruments of measurement and control to make

adjustments and take measurements of vibration in mechanical equipment.
471

Mechanical Fitter
Reference Level: 12
Performs a range of mechanical work in an industrial plant covering
installation, maintenance, and repair of production equipment.
Works from engineering drawings and equipment specifications.
Makes calculations using workshop math and selects appropriate size and
grade of components.
Installs mechanical equipment and machinery, which may involve

numerically controlled equipment hydraulics, pneumatic, and electromechanical gears.
Maintains, adjusts, and sets up mechanical production or process

equipment and appliances.
Locates and diagnoses mechanical faults on equipment involving complex

interlocking or inter-related mechanical actions.
Improvises acceptable fixes to get equipment running promptly.
Requisitions materials needed.
Uses a comprehensive range of hand tools, measuring instruments, and

workshop machine tools.
472

Machinist
Reference Level: 12
Performs a full range of machine shop work at the skilled trade level, including
making new or replacement machine parts. Operates all common machine
tools, such as lathe, boring mill, miller, drill press, grinders, etc. Understands
working properties of common metals, reads complicated blueprints, and
understands use of coolants and lubricants. Typically requires the equivalent of
a journeyman's apprenticeship, or four years of work experience supplemented
by degree courses, including classroom work in shop, mathematics, blueprint
reading, spiral gear cutting, shop theory, etc., with some additional seasoning.
Sets up and operates all standard machine tools.
Plans and lays out work
Makes parts to close tolerances.
Determines own speeds and feeds.
May lay out, set up, and cut spiral gears.
473

Electrician II
Reference Level: 12
Performs a wide range of electrical work in an industrial plant covering
installation, maintenance, and repair of generators, distributors, and production
equipment.
Works from wiring diagrams, engineering drawings, and equipment

specifications.
Makes calculations for load requirements for circuits and chooses

appropriate size and grade components.
Installs supply, distribution, and production equipment such as generators,

transformers, switchboards, controls, circuit breakers, motors, heating
units, conduit systems, etc.
Maintains and adjusts electrical supply and production equipment to

maximize operating performance.
Locates and diagnoses faults on electrical equipment or systems, which

may involve complex interlocking or inter-related circuits.
Improvises acceptable fixes to get equipment running promptly.
Works to IEE wiring regulations and company codes.
Uses full range of electrical hand tools and test gear.
Works primarily on voltages up to 440V but may work on equipment up

to 3.3 kV.
474

Electrician I
Reference Level: 11
Performs a range of general electrical work in any commercial or public
establishment, such as offices, hospitals, and schools, or more routine electrical
fitting tasks in industrial plants.
Works from wiring diagrams and other engineering drawings.
Installs lighting fixtures and power equipment.
Maintains and repairs electrical fixtures and equipment.
May remove, dismantle, and overhaul motors or circuit breakers.
Works to IEE wiring regulations and company codes.
May maintain small electrical equipment such as projectors, fans, and

other domestic appliances.
Uses normal range of electrical hand tools including circuit test

equipment.
Works primarily with voltages up to 440V.
475

Electrician Assistant
Reference Level: 9
Assists more senior electricians and acquires skills as part of an apprentice
program. Assigned small projects by more senior electricians who guide and
check work. Reads simple blueprints and may make simple calculations. Uses
hand and power tools and circuit testers.
Removes old wires, straps cables, and assembles conduit to specifications.
Makes minor electrical connections.
Assists in installing switching equipment.
Disconnects, cleans, and re-assembles motors and circuit breakers.
476

Welder
Reference Level: 11
Performs a wide range of fabrication and maintenance welding and cutting in
an industrial plant using a variety of welding techniques.
Works from engineering drawings, sketches, and other specifications, plus

verbal instructions.
Positions and secures parts using jigs and fixtures as appropriate.
Selects appropriate welding equipment, such as gas torches, portable

electric arcs, and semi-automatic and automatic machines, and selects
appropriate electrode for material.
Sets up and adjusts equipment and controls to regulate gas pressure,

voltage or amperage.
Welds predominantly common alloys, such as plate, tube, and rod,

allowing for the effect of heat to produce true warp free joints.
Inspects and assesses quality of weld, taking account of function of joint.
Improvises acceptable assemblies to get production equipment

operational.
Possible welding techniques covered include gas, electric arc, argon,

plasma arc, satellite, vacuum diffusion, and resistance.
477

Plumber/Pipe Fitter
Reference Level: 11
Performs a full range of plumbing and pipe-fitting work in office and plant
areas covering the installation, maintenance, and repair of pipe-work.
Works from engineering drawings, sketches, and other specifications
Makes standard shop calculations relating to pressures, flows, and size of

pipe-work required.
Installs and maintains pipe-work covering a range of materials including

copper, lead, plastic, rubber, and cast iron.
Locates and repairs blocked and leading pipe-work systems.
Improvises acceptable assemblies to get equipment operational.
Selects and requisitions materials and hardware for completion of work.
May work on refrigeration, air conditioning or heating appliances and

systems.
May work on hydraulic components and units.
Uses a comprehensive range of plumbing and pipe fitting tools including

power tools, pressure gauges, and acetylene torches.
478

Carpenter
Reference Level: 11
Performs a full range of carpentry work covering the installation, maintenance,
and repair of office and plant fixtures.
Works from woodworking or other engineering drawings and sketches,

plus verbal instructions.
Installs or erects fixtures such as office or plant partitions, doors, racking,

and cabinets.
Analyzes and determines what is needed to make repairs to existing

building fixtures.
Selects and requisitions materials and hardware for completion of work.
Carries out repairs to plant and office fixtures using wood, laminates,
glass, and other building materials.
Improvises acceptable assemblies to get equipment or area operational.
May carry out internal decorations and minor electrical or plumbing

repairs.
Uses comprehensive range of woodworking machines and hand tools such

as table saws, routers, lathes, and portable power tools.
479

Painter
Reference Level: 10
Prepares surfaces and applies stain, paint or other materials for decorative or
protective purposes to wood, metal or other surfaces of internal or external
structures or equipment. Determines surface peculiarities, use and environment
of surfaces, and types of paint or stain required for different applications.
Conforms to safety and health standards. Typically requires skills acquired
through completion of a two to three year apprenticeship program or equivalent
work experience, and instruction from more experienced painters.
Prepares and cleans surfaces for painting by removing old finish, sanding,
and applying fillers and sealers.
Assembles and erects scaffolding and swing gates.
Selects and mixes paints to obtain desired texture and color.
Measures, cuts, and applies wallpaper or fabric to walls.
Selects, requisitions, and stores materials in appropriate quantities.
May do window glazing.
480
481
Quality Assurance
Quality Assurance
482
483
Family: Quality Assurance (QA)

Function: Quality Assurance (QAA)
Quality Assurance/Quality Control

Manager II
Reference Level: 18
Initiates, plans, and develops processes and projects to define and implement
quality assurance practices within manufacturing operations in line with
organizational policies, standards, and guidelines. Ensures overall quality
control of processes, raw materials, and products in line with regulatory and
industry standards.
Ensures development of quality procedures and standards, certifying

technological processes and procedures, qualifying products, and
supervising tests.
Coordinates with manufacturing and other internal departments to define

and resolve product quality problems.
Plans and leads/coordinates quality related projects.
Leads development and provision of quality promotions and training of

staff.
Ensures issuing of technical documentation for customers, aimed at

certifying organizations products reliability, safety, and guarantee.
Leads negotiation of quality standards with customers.
Ensures development, regular review, and effectiveness of processes to

audit suppliers.
Leads settlement of any formal disputes, usually in close collaboration

with the purchasing department.
Ensures working practices conform to regulatory requirements in order to

support registration, product development, and manufacture.
484


Manager I
Reference Level: 16
Coordinates the implementation of the quality assurance / quality control
policies in line with company guidelines, and with regulatory and industry
standards.
Ensures that the production process runs in predefined conditions.
Proposes improvements and /or development in the area of quality.
Deals with dysfunctions in terms of quality, requires experts analyses,

proposes and evaluates results of corrective actions.
Evaluates the consequences of modifications to the techniques.
Informs all concerned about approaches towards quality.
Validates and follows the quality assurance contracts with partners.
Verifies procedures and specifications and ensures their implementation.
Ensures consistency in used technology and regulations.
485


Supervisor
Reference Level: 14
Supervises activities related to quality including planning and implementation
of the company quality management program within the plant. Supervises
moderately complex quality programs, such as mechanical and operational
testing and inspection, and moderately-skilled employees. This is a first-level
supervisor position who typically reports to the quality assurance/quality
control manager or plant manager.
Organizes and coordinates activities of the quality team around

implementation of quality programs and standards.
Plans and establishes schedules and reviews performance of team

members against objectives.
Recommends new quality policies or procedures to ensure high quality

products, processes or services.
Communicates programs and standards to the quality team and other plant
employees, and coordinates training.
Assembles cost control and statistical data in support of quality objectives,

as needed.
486


Technician III
Reference Level: 12
Works on the most difficult and elusive quality problems, often in collaboration
with an engineer. Typically requires extensive training and experience in
quality control work with a track record of resourceful troubleshooting.
Reads and interprets complicated blueprints and specifications, including

customer and vendor specifications.
Develops and assesses alternative methods to achieve uniform quality

including identifying process variables.
Performs critical first-piece inspections.
Prepares original fixtures or methods for cost-effective minimization of

defects.
Approves vendor material or operations or checks the finished product.
Trains other technicians.
Determines unstated or hidden dimensions from a blueprint, working with

fractions, decimals, and trigonometry.
487


Technician II
Reference Level: 10
Inspects complicated assemblies, subassemblies, and/or pieces requiring
knowledge of functioning and interrelationships. Has knowledge of elementary
statistics, such as control charts and standard deviations. Typically requires
extensive training in quality control, plus extensive on-the-job experience.
Reads and interprets complicated blueprints and specifications.
Performs critical first-piece inspection and authorizes commencement of

production.
Analyzes product or process trends and makes corrective

recommendations.
Applies specified sampling plans.
Identifies causes of rejects and follows them for corrective action.
Uses mechanical and electrical measuring tools.
Mechanically or electrically sets up instruments for inspection.
Determines unstated or hidden dimensions from a blueprint, working with

fractions, decimals, and trigonometry.
Calibrates measuring instruments using standards.
Makes field trips to investigate problems.
488


Technician I
Reference Level: 8
Performs inspection at any stage of operation on a range of work in which close
attention is necessary to detect defects. Typically requires specific training and
experience in inspection procedures and with the product line.
Follows written or verbal instructions and identifies particular

specifications to be applied.
Reads prints, sketches, and specifications.
Uses magnifiers, electronic instruments, micrometers, snap gauges, and

special fixtures and verifies calibration against standards.
Inspects a series of attributes and specifications.
Sorts materials and/or marks defects for repairs.
Inspections may require measurement to close tolerance requiring

sensitive touch or judgment.
Records results and conformance to acceptance plans.
Enters data on control charts and notifies others of out-of-specification

conditions.
489

Process Optimalization / Sigma Belt

Specialist
Reference Level: 17
Leads process improvement projects in different manufacturing production
processes applying Sigma Belt tools and techniques.
Job holder is knowledgeable in sigma belt techniques and has several years of
experience in manufacturing engineering, quality, production process planning,
etc.
Works closely with Operations and Functional Teams to identify process

bottlenecks, conducts root cause analysis and implements process
improvements across the business or organization.
Initiates and leads projects that improve end-to-end processes: setup,

validation, and audit measurement systems to deliver business impact.
Drives productivity and process improvement projects aligned with

business initiatives.
Conducts quality awareness, and Sigma Belt trainings within the

organization
Coaches project teams to fulfill certification requirements, quality and

process improvement objectives.
490
491
Quality Assurance
Compliance/Audit
492
493

Function: Compliance/Audit (QAB)
Compliance Manager
Reference Level: 18
Ensures all external regulatory frameworks are complied with within
reasonable risk and cost parameters. Typically reports to the Board through
company secretarial or general counsel areas, but may report in through a direct
line or through the financial stream in some cases.
In conjunction with top line managers and potentially the Board, agrees
upon compliance policy and processes that adequately meet the needs of
the organization.
Selects and maintains appropriate risk identification and measurement

methodologies.
Encourages appropriate compliance behavior and culture by effective

communication and dissemination of compliance strategy, policy, and
processes.
Integrates organization compliance and insurance strategies by developing

strong line management and other relationships within the organization.
Manages human resource aspects of the compliance team and/or has

significant influence on other compliance appointments around the
organization.
Provides developmental training and activities to compliance staff.
494

Compliance Officer II
Reference Level: 16
Ensures all external regulatory frameworks translated into compliance policies
are implemented. Has knowledge of government laws and regulations
affecting the companys business area, and ability to interpret laws and
regulations in light of operations. Typically reports to the most senior
compliance position, such as the head of group compliance or company
secretarial or general counsel executives, but may report through the financial
stream in some cases.
Works with line managers on designing and executing compliance

processes within reasonable cost and risk parameters to meet the
compliance policy set by the Board and top management.
Implements appropriate risk identification and measurement

methodologies.
Acts as liaison with department managers to communicate compliance

requirements and ensure implementation of related policies, procedures,
and training programs.
Integrates the organization's compliance strategies by developing strong

line management and other relationships within the organization. In
organizations with centralized compliance, this may entail business unit
relationship management.
Serves as the primary information contact for state regulatory agency

examiners.
Ensures timely filing of regulatory reports.
May supervise compliance auditors and provides guidance to other

auditors assigned to compliance-related projects.
495

Compliance Officer I
Reference Level: 14
Assists top compliance officers in assuring regulatory compliance in the
companys operations. Acts as an individual contributor and recommends
change through presentation of facts and/or legislation.
Performs timely review of documentation for compliance with regulation.
Recommends changes to companys policy and procedures to ensure

compliance.
Conducts regulatory compliance training seminars for staff.
Develops and maintains statistical data on the quantity and type of

regulatory violations.
496

Operations Auditor
Reference Level: 15
Conducts quality audits in a relevant area of activities and proposes corrective
actions with respect to rules and regulations. This is a fully qualified,
individual contributor internal auditor. Typically assigned to difficult, complex
audits.
Conducts quality audits of the operating process, including products,

services, methods, processes, and systems.
Follows established auditing practices and procedures.
Performs audit assignment independently or as a team leader.
Identifies internal control problems and departures from financial or

operating procedures and standards.
Prepares appropriate audit work papers and documentation.
Prepares audit reports and conducts or participates in related conferences.
Proposes and implements preventive or corrective actions.
497
Health and Environment
498
499
Family: Health and Environment (HE)

Function: Spanning (HEZ)
Health, Safety and Environmental

Manager II
Reference Level: 19
Manages and coordinates company's health, safety and environmental function
across sub-functions such as environmental health and health and safety to
meet companys business requirements. This is the top health, safety and
environmental position for a specific location but is governed by policies and
frameworks established by the larger corporation.

proposes and implements health, safety and environmental strategies,
guidelines and procedures within broad principles and policies set by the
organization to meet HES requirements supporting short and long-term
business needs.
Advises management on government regulations relating to environment,

health and safety, and recommends necessary action to attain compliance.
Oversees programs for existing and potential environmental, health and

safety concerns and recommends resolution.
Develops programs for environmental remedial action and leads teams for
critical incidents.
Maintains relationships with regulatory and government agency personnel.

department.
Scope Variants
Reference Level 20
Companys
revenue
>150 million USD
Reference Level 19
500
Reference Level 18
< 50 million USD
Size of
team:

professional staff members
Team of 10 to 30
professional staff
members is common.
501
Team of up to 10
professional staff
members is common.

Function: Spanning (HEZ)
Health, Safety and Environmental

Manager I
Reference Level: 17
Manages and coordinates company's health, safety and environmental function
in accordance with corporate policies and procedures to meet companys
business requirements. This is the top health, safety and environmental position
for a specific location but is governed by policies and frameworks established
by the larger corporation.
Implements and administers established health, safety and environmental

policies, procedures, and practices to meet requirements supporting short
and long-term business needs.
Ensures connection between environment, health, and safety functions and

supervises their joint work to assure compliance with organization and
government environment, health and safety standards.
Reviews new products, equipment, and processes for potential hazards and
recommends modifications before introduction.
Collaborates with employees and supervisors to identify and correct

potential environmental, safety and health hazards.
Prepares governmental reports and participates in representation with

outside agencies.
Manages, motivates and assesses performance of a small team of health,

safety and environmental Specialists.
502
503

Environmental Health
504
505

Function: Environmental Health (HEA)
Environmental Manager
Reference Level: 19
Coordinates planning, organization, and implementation of environmental
programs. This is a managerial position, utilizing both permanent and
temporary staff to address problems of a small organization or a segment of a
larger organization. Typically requires demonstrated competence as a
professional, and management skills.
Monitors existing and potential environmental concerns and recommends

priorities for resolution.
Develops programs for remedial action.
Coordinates necessary resources to implement programs.
Leads response teams for critical incidents.
Attends external forums to gather information to inform policy.
Represents the organization at external forums.
506

Environmental Professional IV
Reference Level: 17
Coordinates and conducts field assessments of environmental issues to ensure
all operational activities are consistent with the needs of the organization and
requirements of governmental regulatory agencies. Performs complex
assignments often requiring development of unique solutions to environmental
problems because of the variables involved. Interprets principles, theories, and
concepts of a scientific specialty, and regulatory requirements, on a broad basis.
This represents the third progression in this field. Typically requires a degree
or equivalent in an appropriate scientific discipline and five to eight years of
experience.
Contributes to successful project completion by participating in the

resolution of issues, such as conflicting technical objectives, unsuitability
of standard procedures, and difficult coordination requirements.
Coordinates project activities with operating and other technical units to

facilitate participation of appropriate resources in project completion.
Contributes to environmental impact studies by sampling and testing.
Recommends changes to procedures, standards, and use of equipment.
Studies and recommends unique solutions to specific problem areas.
Assists in determining project objectives to contribute to the development

of a comprehensive program.
Prepares governmental reports and participates in representation with

outside agencies.
Maintains working knowledge of current regulations.
May review work of others.
507

Environmental Professional III

Reference Level: 16
Performs standard assignments such as monitoring compliance and providing
technical support to problem resolution. May assume responsibility for a
specific environmental concern of limited and structured scope (e.g., air quality
at a single site), as well as participate in more comprehensive programs. This is
the first career level and represents the second progression in this field.
Typically requires a degree in an appropriate scientific discipline or equivalent
and three or more years of experience.
Identifies and interprets applicable environmental regulations.
Performs inspections and tests to verify compliance.
Identifies existing and potential environmental problems.
Participates in developing corrective measures.
Develops procedures to assure continuing compliance with regulations and

organization standards.
Contributes to governmental reports and may interface with external

agencies.
Maintains knowledge of laws and regulations affecting the organizations

operations.
May review work of others.
508

Environmental Professional II
Reference Level: 15
Coordinates and conducts field assessments of environmental issues in a small
or small part of an organization to ensure operational activities are consistent
with the needs of the organization and requirements of governmental regulatory
agencies. Performs structured assignments that require some interpretation of
data and regulations, identification of problem sources, and possible remedial
actions. This is the first progression in this field. Typically requires a degree
in an appropriate scientific discipline or equivalent and one to two years of
experience.
Applies standard techniques involving only minor innovations of

methodology to perform well-defined assignments.
Uses judgment in selecting alternatives.
Contributes to recommendations on changes to procedures, standards, and

use of equipment.
Performs specific components of a larger project directed by a senior

professional.
Contributes to governmental reports and may interface with external

agencies.
May delegate routine work to technicians or assistants.
509

Environmental Professional I
Reference Level: 14
After orientation and training, performs limited assignments of specific tasks
focused on maintaining compliance and providing technical support for
problem resolution. This is an entry-level professional. Typically requires a
degree in an appropriate scientific discipline or equivalent and limited
experience.
Performs inspections and tests planned to provide experience and

familiarization with company operations, specific environmental issues
and regulations, and company practices.
Collects, collates, and analyzes data according to established procedures.
Identifies potential problem areas and contributes to developing solutions.
Assists in preparing reports and documentation.
510
511

Health and Safety
512
513

Function: Health and Safety (HEB)
Employee Health and Safety

Manager
Reference Level: 18
Develops, directs, and coordinates planning, organization, and implementation
of environmental, health, and safety programs to assure that management takes
actions needed to raise employee awareness regarding these matters. This is a
manager who uses both permanent and temporary staff to address the problems
of a small organization or a segment of a larger organization. Typically
requires a degree or equivalent in a relevant discipline, six to ten years of
experience, demonstrated competence as a professional, and management
skills.
Advises management on government regulations relating to health and

safety, and recommends necessary action to attain compliance.
Monitors existing and potential environmental concerns and recommends

priorities for resolution.
Identifies common safety/health hazards inherent in the organization's

operations and establishes guidelines for protection from hazards.
Audits programs for compliance with company standards, government

regulations, and adequacy relative to local conditions.
Coordinates necessary resources to implement programs.
Monitors periodic performance reports for trends and conditions and alerts
line management to problems.
Investigates major accidents or problem areas and recommends future

preventive measures.
Develops training programs.
514

Safety Professional IV
Reference Level: 17
Develops and implements programs to prevent injuries or health impairment.
Assignments involve major and/or particularly critical areas of the business.
This is a professional with a very high level of specialization and individual
contribution. Typically requires lengthy experience or formal training and
certification.
Monitors safety and health performance and recommends priorities and

actions for improvement.

potential safety and health hazards.
Develops safe standard work practices with line personnel and monitors
conformance through safety and housekeeping inspections.
Assures compliance with organization and government health and safety

standards.
515

Safety Professional III

Reference Level: 16
Implements programs to prevent injuries or health impairment. May be the
only safety professional in a small organization, or may serve a particular
location or segment of the business in a larger organization. This is a seasoned
safety professional and is the second progression in this field. Typically
requires a degree with additional training or certification and five or more years
of experience.

potential safety and health hazards.
Develops safe standard work practices with line personnel and monitors
conformance through safety and housekeeping inspections.
Assures compliance with organization and government health and safety

standards.
Monitors safety and health performance and recommends actions for

improvement.
516

Safety Professional II
Reference Level: 15
Performs structured assignments requiring analysis and interpretation to
identify probable cause and the most promising opportunities for correction.
This is first progression in this field. Typically requires a degree with
additional training or certification and two to four years of experience.
Pursues well-defined assignments requiring exercise of judgment in

developing recommendations for remedial action.
Collaborates with affected employees to identify problems and

opportunities.
Proposes revisions to practices and equipment.
517

Safety Professional I
Reference Level: 14
After orientation and training, performs limited assignments of specific tasks
focused on monitoring compliance with established practices and analyzing
problem areas of injuries and health impairment. This is an entry level, nontechnical professional. Typically requires a degree or equivalent with
additional training or relevant experience.
Conducts inspections and tests planned to provide familiarity with

company operations, specific safety and health issues, regulations, and
company practices.
Collects and analyzes data.
Identifies problem areas.
Assists more experienced professionals in developing solutions.
518

Industrial Nurse II
Reference Level: 15
Provides emergency medical treatment to employees on company premises and
advice on occupational health issues. Overall standards and guidance are
provided by a physician. This is the technical lead level of professional nurse
and may be the only healthcare professional who is a regular employee at the
location. Typically requires educational, legal, and training requirements
established to practice as a professional nurse.
Administers emergency medical treatment in the case of accident or illness

on company premises and administers ongoing treatments (e.g., dressings,
injections) under direction of a physician.
Prepares accident reports for compensation and other purposes.
Assists in physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and

employees.
Plans and executes programs for health education, accident prevention,

and evaluation of the work environment in accordance with overall
program guidelines.
Maintains safe and healthy work environment by establishing, following,

and enforcing standards and procedures, complying with legal regulations,
and conducting health and safety inspections.
Reduces illness by listening to complaints, diagnosing conditions,

dispensing medications, conferring with, or referring to, physicians, and
advising preventive measures.
Contributes information and opinion on the safety committee.
Provides case management for occupational injuries and illnesses to

ensure employees receive appropriate care to minimize time away from
work.
519

Industrial Nurse I
Reference Level: 13
Provides emergency medical treatment to employees on company premises and
advice on occupational health issues. Overall standards and guidance are
provided by a physician. This is the technical mid-level of professional nurse
and may be the only healthcare professional who is a regular employee at the
location. Typically requires educational, legal, and training requirements
established to practice as a professional nurse.
Administers emergency medical treatment in the case of accident or illness

on company premises and administers ongoing treatments (e.g., dressings,
injections) under direction of a physician.
Prepares accident reports for compensation and other purposes.
Assists in physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and

employees.
Plans and executes programs for health education, accident prevention,

and evaluation of the work environment in accordance with overall
program guidelines.
520
521
Property Management
Real Estate
522
523
Family: Property Management (PT)

Function: Real Estate (PTA)
Real Estate Manager

Reference Level: 20
Manages a portfolio of properties and property-related investments to achieve
risk/return goals for the class of assets in line with organizational objectives
and policies. Assesses acquisition, disposal, and upgrade opportunities, and
potential to improve the portfolios return against market benchmarks and risk
profile. This role may be part of the finance or administrative department in a
large organization, or part of purchasing or a specific business line in charge of
developing property-related activities.
Submits recommendations for major investments/disposals and negotiates

with purchasers/vendors after approval.
Ensures proper and cost-effective management and maintenance of the

organizations property assets, through effective and profitable direction
of purchasing/selling/renting contracts.
Completes regular portfolio valuations and monitors reports on market

prospects and performance.
Monitors developments in the listed property trust sector, participates in

asset allocation strategy, and ensures that investment philosophy is
consistently applied.
Supports marketing and client services activities, typically including

building effective relationships with key clients and business influencers
(e.g. investment consultants).
Typically manages a team comprised of property managers, analysts,

and/or dealers, and influences personnel decisions including hiring and
performance management/development.
Prepares and manages budgets in relation to the property area.
524

Real Estate Supervisor

Reference Level: 17
Coordinates activities related to construction of new buildings, restoration of
existing buildings, property transfers, and adjustments to existing regulations
through effective technical and economic management. This role may be part
of the finance or administrative department in a large organization, or part of
purchasing or a specific business line in charge of developing property-related
activities.
Contributes to development and submission of budgets for property

investments.
Monitors budgets and recommends and implements appropriate corrective

actions.
Contributes to technical and economic management of new building

construction and property transformations. Monitors contracts with
suppliers and contractors in line with set programs and requirements,
ensuring optimum balance of intervention costs and building conditions.
Supports the real estate manager in activities related to property transfers,

by contributing to investment decisions and ensuring compliance with
procedures related to property transfers.
Contributes to selection of outside suppliers and contractors to ensure

compliance with tender specifications and requirements.
Contributes to development of tender specifications to make certain that

appropriate contractual obligations are included and that tender
specifications meet the organizations requirements for the property.
Monitors compliance of the organizations property with existing and new

regulations, making recommendations for appropriate corrective action.
Ensures correct reporting of technical and economic information on

property trends to the real estate manager.
Maintains relationships with the relevant bodies and institutions in order to

obtain authorizations and permits required for building construction and
safety.
525

Real Estate Analyst

Reference Level: 15
Responsible for researching trends and developments in the property market
and recommending asset/investment strategies to outperform general
benchmarks. May also be involved in supporting the real estate supervisor
across a range of activities. This is an entry-level position.
Establishes, maintains, and analyzes appropriate sources/databases of

property information to effectively identify trends.
Prepares research reports and recommendations across the spectrum of

property asset classes.
Supports business development and investment activities as appropriate.
526
527
Property Management
Construction
528
529

Function: Construction (PTC)
Construction Manager
Reference Level: 20
Responsible for one or more functions of construction, renovation, and
remodeling activities affecting new and existing properties. Typically reports
to the Head of Construction.
Supervises field construction for the area of responsibility.
Schedules and coordinates construction/remodeling activities for the area

of responsibility.
Develops cost estimates.
Assists with the selection of contractors/subcontractors.
Assists with construction contract negotiations.
530

Construction Site Manager

Reference Level: 17
Provides construction and engineering services so that construction proceeds in
accordance with design and construction requirements. Typically requires an
engineering degree and five to eight years of industry related experience.
Provides construction and engineering service at the site.
Implements and coordinates construction activities at the site for the area
of responsibility.
Coordinates and reviews construction-work schedules in compliance with

contract documents.
531

Construction Site Foreman

Reference Level: 14
Responsible for daily supervision of works-in-progress at the site to ensure
quality and timeliness, as specified in the contract. Typically requires five to
seven years of relevant experience and advanced technical skills.
Plans and supervises all relevant works at the site.
Liaises and supervises sub-contractors.
Resolves problems with design, manpower, and material delivery to meet

performance, schedule, and cost objectives.
532
533
Property Management
Facilities Management
534
535

Function: Facilities Management (PTB)
Facilities Maintenance Manager II, I

Leads the provision and administration of office facilities for a medium to
large, potentially multi-site organization. Works within established policies
and legal obligations with a certain degree of creativity and flexibility.
Familiar with standard concepts, practices, and procedures within a particular
field. Typically requires five to seven years of extensive experience and
judgment to plan and accomplish goals. Reports to a functional head.
Regularly reviews facilities provision, making recommendations for

improvements and contributes to policy-making.
Leads planning and implementation of major facilities upgrade projects.
Establishes, monitors, and manages office-related contracts with suppliers

and third-party service providers.
Provides information, necessary documentation, etc. for other departments

to assist with office and facilities issues.
Contributes to disaster recovery planning for office facilities.
Contributes to training of new staff to ensure they understand how to use

the office facilities and the relevant health and safety issues.
Monitors facilities budget to ensure variances are accounted for.
May assess health and safety risks, keeps up to date with regulations, and
ensures compliance from external contractors.
May supervise other facilities maintenance and/or administrative staff.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to organization size in terms of numbers of staff housed and/or
sites covered as the principal guides for determining the appropriate job match.
Organization size
(numbers of
staff/sites):
II
Reference level 18
I
Reference level 16
Medium-large, multi-site
organization, total staff: > 400
people.
Medium-large, single-site
or small multi-site
organization, total staff:
200 to 400 people.
536

Facilities Maintenance Supervisor

Reference Level: 14
Supervises staff of facilities maintenance workers who perform maintenance
service and repairs in the areas of plumbing, carpentry, painting, plastering,
machine servicing or electrical servicing to the organization's facilities.
Familiar with standard concepts, practices, and procedures within a particular
field and applies a certain degree of creativity and latitude to a variety of
complex tasks. Typically requires a degree and one to two years of experience,
or five to seven years of practical experience in the field or related area.
Reports to a facilities maintenance manager.
Plans and supervises implementation of general maintenance services and

repairs.
Schedules periodic inspections and tests of equipment to prevent

malfunctions and service interruptions.
Inspects equipment and facilities to determine repair of malfunctioning

units and physical structures.
Trains workers in equipment repair and structural maintenance, using

operating manuals, work orders, and blueprints.
Requisitions materials and supplies.
Keeps records of problem areas and repairs made.
May monitor maintenance-related contracts with suppliers and third-party

service providers.
Keeps up-to-date with regulations and may ensure compliance from

external contractors.
537

Facilities Assistant II
Reference Level: 11
Responsible for managing an element of the facilities or maintenance service of
a medium to large organization. Maintenance may be in the areas of plumbing,
carpentry, painting, plastering, machine servicing or electrical servicing.
Works according to established organizational procedures and standards.
Typically requires two years of experience in the field or related area.
Potentially overlaps with Administration/Support/Service family.
Coordinates and carries out activities such as office maintenance,

switchboard, post-room, office supplies management, etc.
Regularly reviews practices and makes recommendations to more senior

facilities management staff.
Maintains up-to-date procedures, manuals, and checklists.
May coordinate a small team of maintenance or facilities staff.
538

Facilities Assistant I
Reference Level: 9
Carries out an element of the facilities or maintenance service of a medium to
large organization. Maintenance may be in the areas of plumbing, carpentry,
painting, plastering, machine servicing or electrical servicing. Works
according to established organizational procedures and standards. Operates
independently on standard activities. Potentially overlaps with
Administration/Support/Service family.
Carries out activities such as office maintenance, switchboard, post-room,

office supplies management, etc.
Works according to procedures, manuals, and checklists.
Assists senior colleagues by carrying out administrative activities.
539
Administration/Support/Service
Clerical Services
540
541
Family: Administration/Support/Service (AS)

Function: Clerical Services (ASA)
Office Manager III

Reference Level: 15
Supervises administrative and secretarial employees to assure effective office
support. Assures that all office services are provided but does not perform
these duties personally. Sometimes designates subordinates to act as work
team leaders of various functional activities. Typically supervises more than 20
employees and reports to the head of the department.
Assures that typing and related administrative and secretarial work is

assigned and reviewed.
Prepares work schedules for team leaders and assures coverage of critical
functions such as reception, telephones, mail preparation and delivery, and
typing.
Monitors expenses and/or budgets. Highlights areas of concern to

department head.
Assures maintenance of inventory of office supplies and interacts with

vendors regarding selection, pricing, and delivery of office supplies,
equipment, and services.
Assures that office services such as coffee and tea, machine repair,
building service, catered luncheons, and temporary employment are
provided as needed.
Contacts employment agencies and recruits and screens candidates for

administrative and team leader positions.
Sets standards for office procedures, organization policies, and employee

pay and benefits.
Monitors work performance and recommends pay increases and

promotions.
Disciplines and terminates employees for poor performance following

organizational policies and procedures.
Assures that time sheets, payroll records, and claims for employee benefits
are processed.
Coordinates the assignment of office space, computers, furniture, and

equipment.
Arranges local hotel and transportation service agreements and

recommends selection of travel agencies.
542

Office Manager II
Reference Level: 14
support. Assures that all office services are provided but does not generally
perform these duties personally. Sometimes designates subordinates to act as
work team leaders of various functional activities. Typically supervises more
than ten employees and reports to the head of the office or department or to an
administrative manager.
Assures that typing and related administrative and secretarial work is

assigned and reviewed.
Prepares work schedules for administrative employees and assures

coverage of critical functions such as reception, telephones, mail
preparation and delivery, and typing.
Maintains inventory of office supplies and interacts with vendors

regarding selection, pricing, and delivery of office supplies, equipment,
and services.
Assures that office services such as coffee and tea, machine repair,
building service, catered luncheons, and temporary employment are
provided as needed.
Recruits and screens candidates for administrative positions.
Provides basic orientation regarding office procedures, organization

policies, and employee pay and benefits.
Monitors work performance and recommends pay increases and

promotions.
Disciplines and terminates employees for poor performance following

organizational policies and procedures.
Assures that time sheets, payroll records, and claims for employee benefits
are processed.
Monitors expenses and/or budgets. Alerts supervisor or responsible

person to problem areas.
Coordinates the assignment of office space, computers, furniture, and

equipment.
Arranges local hotel and transportation service agreements and

recommends selection of travel agencies.
543

Office Manager I
Reference Level: 13
support. Performs most office support duties and may, on occasion, act as a
substitute for absent employees. Coordinates a wide range of services to assure
efficient operation of the office. Typically supervises fewer than ten
administrative and secretarial personnel in an office or department with less
than 50 employees. Typically reports to the head of the office or department or
to an administrative manager.
Assigns and monitors typing and related administrative and secretarial

work.
Prepares work schedules for administrative employees and assures

coverage of critical functions such as reception, telephones, mail
preparation and delivery, and typing.
Maintains inventory of office supplies and orders office supplies,

equipment, and services within prescribed procedures and contractual
agreements.
Coordinates services such as coffee and tea, machine repair, building

service, catered luncheons, and temporary employment.
Recruits and screens candidates for administrative positions.
Provides basic orientation regarding office procedures, organization

policies, and employee pay and benefits.
Monitors work performance and recommends pay increases, promotions,

discipline, and termination of employment.
Processes time sheets, payroll records, and claims for employee benefits.
Maintains records of administrative expenses and petty cash.
544

Administrative Assistant II
Reference Level: 14
Provides general administrative support to a department or group of
professionals. Work is performed under general supervision and requires
incumbents to exercise independence and discretion. Typically requires several
years of relevant experience.
Researches a wide variety of information requests independently.
Prepares and analyzes trends and status reports, drawing data from a
variety of sources within and outside the department.
Composes routine letters and memoranda.
Routes or answers routine correspondence not requiring supervisors

attention.
Maintains confidential department records and files.
Assists in the formulation of the department budget, business planning,

and related planning functions.
Has regular contact with customers, suppliers or employees outside the

immediate work area.
Makes meeting and travel arrangements.
545

Administrative Assistant I
Reference Level: 13
Provides general administrative support to a department or group of
professionals. Work is performed under general supervision and requires
incumbents to exercise some independence.
Collects, assembles, and summarizes statistics and information from

identified sources as directed.
Prepares charts, graphs, and tables for presentations or inclusion in

reports.
Issues regular reports following established procedures.
Routes or answers routine correspondence not requiring supervisor

attention.
Composes routine letters and memoranda.
546

General Clerk V
Reference Level: 12
Operates as a senior clerk personally undertaking the more complex clerical
operations within the department, and typically coordinates work of clerks
engaged in routine work. Typically requires considerable clerical experience,
comprehensive knowledge of department procedures, and a good understanding
of how operations of the department relate to others.
Maintains schedules and administers systems or arrangements for

activities such as purchase, receipt, dispatch, and delivery of goods and/or
services.
Handles more difficult aspects of and/or troubleshoots work performed by

less senior clerks.
Deals with external sources such as customers and suppliers in order to

resolve non-routine queries and problems.
Produces regular and/or ad hoc analyses of information relating to work

processed.
Trains and motivates a group of two to five less senior clerks and oversees
the quality of their work.
May assist in selection of potential new recruits.
547

General Clerk IV
Reference Level: 11
Performs clerical duties such as document processing, record keeping, and
report compilation, requiring independent analysis, exercise of judgment, and
detailed knowledge of procedures. Has minimal supervision in a wellstructured environment. Often represents the top level of knowledge and
specialization.
Receives, classifies, reconciles, interprets, consolidates, and/or

summarizes documents and information.
Maintains records and balance information for control purposes.
Compiles complex reports, drawing data from a variety of sources within

and outside of the department.
Prepares special reports and analyses within prescribed guidelines.
Regularly contacts customers, suppliers or organization employees outside

the immediate work area to exchange information.
548

General Clerk III

Reference Level: 10
Performs clerical duties such as document processing, record keeping, and
report compilation of intermediate difficulty, requiring depth of analysis and
use of individual judgment. Has a sound knowledge of procedures. Typically
requires prior experience and operates under general supervision.
Receives, classifies, reconciles, consolidates, and/or summarizes

documents and information.
Maintains record of documents processed and controls to assure

completion.
Compiles regular and special reports, following established formats and

procedures.
Regularly contacts customers, suppliers or organization employees outside

the immediate work area to exchange information.
549

General Clerk II
Reference Level: 9
Performs clerical office work such as document processing, record keeping,
and report compilation, requiring simple analysis, use of individual judgment,
and working knowledge of procedures. Typically requires limited prior
experience and operates under general supervision.
Receives, classifies, consolidates, and/or summarizes documents and

information.
Maintains records of documents processed.
Compiles various regular reports in accordance with standard operating

procedures.
Occasionally contacts customers, suppliers or organization employees

outside the immediate work area to exchange information.
550

General Clerk I
Reference Level: 8
Performs clerical work such as document processing or record keeping. Has a
general knowledge of procedures. This is an entry-level position in which work
is well-defined and standardized.
Receives, classifies, consolidates, and/or summarizes documents and

information.
Maintains records of documents processed.
Compiles various regular reports in accordance with standard operating

procedures.
May contact customers, suppliers or organization employees outside the

immediate work area to exchange information.
551
Secretarial
552
553

Function: Secretarial (ASB)
Secretary VI
Reference Level: 14
Performs a wide range of administrative and general support duties of a highly
responsible and confidential nature. Frequently communicates with seniorlevel internal and external contacts and is regularly exposed to confidential
data. Has a thorough knowledge of the principal's accountabilities and method
of operation, and a high level of tact and integrity due to the sensitive nature of
information. Works independently with only general guidance on a variety of
special projects. Typically reports to the CEO.
Communicates and/or coordinates principal's instructions and desires with

various individuals and/or departments.
Furnishes and obtains information from other principals or outside

representatives.
Receives and screens telephone calls, letters, and/or visitors, answering

routine questions and obtaining and furnishing information to save
supervisor's time.
Schedules appointments and arranges meetings, conferences, and travel.
Organizes and maintains principal's correspondence and records,

following up on pending matters with limited direction.
Drafts correspondence for principal's final approval.
Prepares special reports, gathering, summarizing, and analyzing data.
Organizes and prepares complex documents requiring the integration of

multiple office technology and software applications. May act as an office
resource for word processing and spreadsheet application.
Organizes and expedites flow of work through supervisor's office and

initiates any follow-up action.
May oversee work of others.
554

Secretary V
Reference Level: 13
Performs a wide range of administrative and general support duties of a highly
responsible and confidential nature. Frequently communicates with seniorlevel internal and external contacts and is regularly exposed to confidential
data. Has a high level of tact and integrity due to the sensitive nature of
information. Typically reports to a very high-level principal, who directs
several different major functions in a medium to large facility, and who
requires a fully seasoned executive secretary.
Communicates and/or coordinates principal's instructions and desires with

various individuals and/or departments.
Furnishes and obtains information from other principals or outside

representatives.

routine questions and obtaining and furnishing information to save
supervisor's time.
Schedules appointments and arranges meetings, conferences, and travel.
Organizes and maintains principal's correspondence and records,

following up on pending matters with limited direction.
Drafts correspondence for principal's final approval.
Prepares special reports, gathering, summarizing, and analyzing data.


May oversee work of others.
555

Secretary IV
Reference Level: 12
Performs full clerical, administrative, and general office duties of a responsible
and confidential nature. Frequently accesses highly confidential information
and files. Communicates with contacts at all levels in the organization,
industry, and community. Has an understanding of the principal's job and
method of operation, in addition to the operations and procedures of the
department and organization. Typically reports to a position responsible for a
major function, such as finance, manufacturing, marketing or personnel, in a
medium to large facility.
Communicates principal's instructions or desires to various individuals

and/or departments, and furnishes and obtains information from other
principals.

routine questions and furnishing information to save supervisor's time.
Schedules appointments and makes arrangements for meetings,

conferences, and travel.
Organizes and maintains files of supervisor's correspondence and records,

following up on pending matters.
Prepares routine letters and memoranda for principal's signature.
Prepares special reports, gathering, and summarizing data.

Prepares complex correspondence, reports, and presentations.

May assign work to others.
556

Secretary III
Reference Level: 11
Performs full clerical, administrative, and general office duties involving,
typing, record and file maintenance, document creation, mail distribution, and
telephone reception. Provides secretarial services to a middle to upper-level
management position. Day-to-day communication is with peers and
subordinates of supervisor, with occasional contact with executive officers and
clients. Has an understanding of the content of the principal's job and method
of operation, in addition to the operations and procedures of the department and
organization. Typically requires significant secretarial experience.
Organizes and maintains files of supervisor's correspondence and records,

following up on pending matters.

routine questions and furnishing information to save supervisor's time.
Schedules appointments and coordinates arrangements for meetings and

conferences.
Prepares routine letters and memoranda for principal's review.
Prepares regular reports, gathering and summarizing data.
Produces a variety of correspondence, reports, and presentations using the

appropriate software for word processing, graphics, and spreadsheets.

557

Secretary II
Reference Level: 10
Performs clerical, administrative, and general office duties involving, typing,
record and file maintenance, document creation, mail distribution, and
telephone reception. Provides secretarial services for one or more persons,
typically at the middle-management level. Has some knowledge of the unit's
operations, organization, and procedures. Typically requires some previous
secretarial experience.
Maintains office files and records in accordance with internal procedures.
Receives and refers visitors and telephone callers.
Responds to routine requests for information and refers more complex

requests to appropriate staff members.
Opens and distributes mail. Responds with form letters to routine

requests.
Drafts and types routine letters and memoranda from specific instructions.
Assembles relevant data and compiles information as directed.
Produces a variety of correspondence and reports.
Maintains appointment calendars.
558

Secretary I
Reference Level: 9
Performs basic clerical, administrative, and general office duties involving,
typing, record and file maintenance, document creation, mail distribution, and
telephone reception. May perform secretarial services for one or more persons
at the supervisory or middle-management level. This is an entry-level position.
Maintains office files and records in accordance with internal procedures.
Receives and refers visitors and telephone callers.
Opens and distributes mail. Responds with form letter to routine requests.
Types routine letters and memoranda from specific instructions.
Assembles relevant data, and compiles information as directed.
Maintains appointment calendars.
559
Support Services
560
561

Function: Support Services (ASC)
Translator II
Reference Level: 14
Translates written material from one language to another, and vice versa.
Material includes technical terminology appropriate to the organization and
industry, and idioms in both languages. Simultaneous verbal translations are
not required. Has a sound understanding of the organization's affairs.
Typically requires a degree or equivalent experience in translation or a related
discipline, including specialization in interpretation, translation, and
terminology, or about seven to ten years of practical experience.
Translates complex material either for internal use or external

communications.
Translates material requiring understanding and correct presentation of

abstractions and colloquial expressions.
Translates technical material requiring accuracy with legal, professional or

public relations ramifications.
Discusses translation nuances to explain or clarify material translated or to

be translated, as required.
May assign and monitor work undertaken by outside agencies.
562

Translator I
Reference Level: 13
Translates written material from one language to another. Material includes
little or no technical terminology, but does include idioms in both languages.
Has some understanding of the organization's affairs as they relate to the
functions serviced. This is typically a trainee position for a recent graduate in
language studies or someone with a natural fluency in at least two languages
gained from family background, combined with a demonstrated proficiency in
composition, grammar, and syntax.
Translates simple to moderately complex material either for internal use

and/or to service routine external communications.
Translates material involving a minor amount of abstractions and

colloquial expressions.
If performed, translations with legal, professional or public relations

ramifications are reviewed by superiors.
May discuss materials translated, or to be translated, with those being

served.
May perform related clerical duties.
563

Security Supervisor
Reference Level: 13
Supervises the guard force of a commercial or industrial establishment and
ensures suitable procedures are in place and operating effectively. Has
knowledge of appropriate statutory or standard procedures for ensuring
effective security and awareness of available mechanical/electronic security
systems. Typically requires security guard experience and ability to coordinate
shifts.
Continuously reviews the effectiveness of security procedures and

mechanisms and recommends suitable changes/improvements where
necessary.
Ensures that security/alarm systems are tested regularly and effectively.
Checks security logs and brings any questionable incidents to the attention
of superiors for appropriate action.
Liaises with police or fire authorities regularly to ensure suitable

procedures and systems are in place.
Maintains log of incidents/occurrences during shift.
Responsible, in conjunction with personnel, for the recruiting, training,

and disciplining of the guard force.
564

Armed Guard
Reference Level: 10
Guards company premises and property from unauthorized entry or theft and
ensures adherence to internal security procedures. Carries a firearm and has
attained proficiency in firearm safety and use.
Patrols assigned areas to observe and enforce safety and security

regulations.
Responds to emergency calls or alarms in accordance with internal

procedures.
Coordinates with external law enforcement agents on security problems.
Operates barriers/gates to control entry to and exit from the site.
Patrols facility to check for questionable events or breaches of perimeter

fences/gates.
Carries out inspections of vehicles and/or property to check for suspicious

items.
Monitors closed circuit TV systems to avoid security breaches.
Checks and issues passes of employees/contractors/visitors.
565

Watchman/Guard
Reference Level: 9
Patrols a site or industrial property and ensures that security violations and
emergencies are reported. Able to learn 90 percent of the job within a few
months. Typically requires a substantial amount of walking, and is an unarmed
position.
Verifies credentials of persons entering property, exercising discretion.
Assures that packages leaving the property are duly authorized.
Makes rounds of the property, checking doors, windows, and gates to

determine security.
Sounds alarm in case of fire or emergency.
Registers at watch stations.
566

Chauffeur
Reference Level: 9
Drives automobiles to transport organizations personnel or visitors to and from
appointments or around facilities on non-routine trips. Typically, no fixed
work patterns exist. Works irregular hours and potentially nights, weekends,
and/or public holidays. May be assigned to a particular senior manager and has
to integrate work patterns with the managers requirements. Has awareness of
safety and security considerations. Typically requires excellent knowledge of
routes within the main area of operation, and high levels of discretion,
flexibility, reliability, and personal organization.
Picks up personnel or visitors from pre-arranged venues.
Conveys personnel, visitors or packages to required destinations.
Ensures cleanliness of vehicles used.
Maintains records and produces necessary travel documentation to

contribute to service administration.
Reports maintenance issues.
May undertake miscellaneous errands such as courier activities, as

directed.
May be expected to lift loads into and out of the car.
567

Receptionist/Switchboard
Operator II, I
Acts both as an operator and receptionist at a single-position telephone
switchboard or console. Duties may include operating a telephone
switchboard, greeting visitors, and determining the nature of visitors' business.
Receives, welcomes, books, and refers visitors to the relevant individual

or department.
Accepts delivery of small parcels and advises addressee.
Maintains reception area in a tidy condition.
Connects callers who may be uncertain of their required contact to the

most appropriate department/contact.
Takes and passes on messages. Determines when an issue is urgent and

expedites a response.
May administer routine parking and taxi arrangements, and issues and
collects security badges for visitors.
As a key point of entry to the organization, acts with tact, discretion, and
courtesy at all times.
May perform basic clerical tasks and/or undertake simple copy typing as
time permits.
Scope Variants
Variants relate to the number of languages spoken as principal guide for
determining the appropriate job match.
No. of languages spoken:
II
Reference Level 9
I
Reference Level 8
>= 3
<3
568

Groundskeeper
Reference Level: 7
Maintains grass and vegetation, including removal of snow and debris.
Understands the use of various types of fertilizers and pesticides and knows
correct level of application, appropriate seasons, and intervals. Uses garden
hand tools, foot and rider power equipment, such as mowers, tractors, snow
blowers, chainsaws, and electric clippers, and liquid and powder applicators.
Receives general direction from supervisor.
Spreads top soil, lays sod, plants flowers, grass, shrubs, and trees, and
assists with the construction of landscape and related structures.
Cuts grass, fertilizes, and waters lawns, weeds gardens, prunes shrubs and
trees, and performs other maintenance duties as directed.
Sprays and dusts trees, shrubs, and lawns to control insects and disease, as
directed.
Performs other duties to clean and maintain landscape, including snow

removal from driveways and paths.
Keeps equipment in operating condition.
569

Housekeeper
Reference Level: 7
Performs basic housekeeping and janitorial services.
570
571
Document Production
572
573

Function: Document Production (ASD)
Desktop Publishing Supervisor

Reference Level: 15
Maintains an assessment of the organization's need for services. Plans and
directs a program of approved projects ensuring they meet the organizations
standards and branding requirements. Supervises a team of desktop publishers,
contracts with external services as needed, and offers technical guidance and
consultation to staff and users of the service. May personally lead
large/complex projects. Typically requires completion of two to three years of
specialist training and seven or more years of practical experience, combined
with additional courses to broaden skills and stay abreast of new systems. May
have completed a degree in design or related studies.
Manages and supervises the graphic communications center, including

supervising personnel and overseeing operations to produce custom
printing, copying, mailing, and products requested by customers.
Meets with management to assess the need for services, making

recommendations for staffing, hardware and software support, and
external services, and prepares appropriate plans and budgets.
Meets with clients/users to plan and scope projects in terms of objectives,

methods, materials, costs, and timing.
Supervises desktop designers in the development and delivery of layouts

and designs (e.g., letters, reports, brochures, graphics, presentations),
including developing alternatives for review.
Ensures that staff is abreast of methods and new technologies, takes

courses to maintain currency of skills, and submits recommendations for
equipment and technical innovation.
Manages procurement, use, and distribution of consumable supplies, along

with the maintenance and utilization of equipment.
Acts as a consultant within the organization on application of desktop

services for information needs.
Contracts with and maintains working liaison with outside services.
574

Desktop Publisher II
Reference Level: 12
Operates desktop publishing systems to complete complex assignments
involving word processing, page layouts, and creation of charts and computer
graphics. Has in-depth knowledge of standard systems and applications, such
as Microsoft PowerPoint. Usually customers are internal. May train and guide
lower level personnel.
Operates electronic equipment using a variety of applications software to

produce designs to a given specification.
Lays out and adds graphics, photographs, charts, and standard library
images such as ClipArt, etc. to business content.
Ensures adherence to company branding, style, and other templates.
575

Desktop Publisher I
Reference Level: 11
Operates desktop publishing systems to complete standard assignments
involving word processing, page layouts, and creation of charts and computer
graphics. Operates under clear instructions with opportunity to manage own
work schedule and exercise initiative.
Operates electronic equipment using a variety of applications software to

produce designs to a given specification.
Lays out and adds graphics, photographs, charts, standard library images
such as ClipArt etc. to business content.
Ensures adherence to house style and other templates.
576

Graphics Artist II
Reference Level: 13
Handles graphic projects from beginning design stages through to final
production within organizational creative guidelines. Uses specialist
equipment and has in-depth knowledge of tools such as Apple Mac
applications. Projects may include signage, advertisements, and presentation
materials. Acts as an authority on methods, systems, and processes. Usually
produces materials for commercial clients.
Develops the conceptual and creative design to meet the clients' outline
brief.
Produces materials to achieve the brief.
Liaises with production experts internally and externally, such as printers.
Sets up printing formats including CMYK and Pantone color breakdowns.
Follows print specifications and understands commercial implications of

print specifications.
Manipulates, converts or adjusts complex images to achieve the desired

effect, such as low/high-end retouching including color balance, color
conversion, composite working, and image extension.
Provides draft output in suitable electronic format for review and

approval.
Develops and monitors production schedules and budgets.
May supervise/mentor less experienced staff members.
577

Graphics Artist I
Reference Level: 12
Operates computer graphics systems in the design and production of
presentations, print copy, and other media from specifications and/or content
provided by others. Usually produces materials for commercial clients. Uses
standard tools such as Microsoft PowerPoint and standard Apple Mac
applications.
Interacts with internal and external clients in the production of media aids.
Takes key content from others and adds graphics, colors, layout, and
pictures.
Uses library images from commercial or free libraries.
Prepares material/collateral into print image format.
Assists in scheduling, delivery, and set-up of graphics products and

equipment.
May liaise with local print companies for small production volumes.
Carries out simple manipulation of digital images, such as cropping,

rotating, red-eye reduction, and cutting out images.
Provides draft output in suitable electronic format for review and

approval.
578

Word Processing Operator III

Reference Level: 10
Sets up and operates automated text-editing equipment to produce typed
documents from supplied information and previously recorded material.
Applies technical knowledge and skill associated with advanced functions of
the text-editing equipment (e.g., creating a document, filing, retrieving, use of
glossaries, utility sort, math pack). Transcribes and/or assembles recorded or
supplied material, documents, reports, statistical/financial summaries, and
correspondence. Responsible for a range of tasks at any one time with scope
for deciding own work sequence within the bounds of delivery expectations.
Typically requires technical training and significant work experience.
Sets up equipment to perform routine functions, requiring in-depth

knowledge of the equipment and software packages used.
May transcribe recorded dictation such as reports and/or correspondence.
Assembles materials and follows general instructions to type documents,

plan layouts, and include complicated graphics, charts, and tables.
Maintains a current filing system of formats and repetitive documents.
May proof read for transcription errors and make recommendations on

style and formatting in accordance with in-house guidelines and branding.
May perform a variety of clerical elements related to typed materials, such

as filing, preparing mailings, photocopying, and/or record keeping.
Material typed tends to be on a production basis and of general business

nature, although large, complex documents with inputs from more than
one source may be included.
Requires keyboarding and complex layout skills, plus specialized

knowledge of the specific equipment and its operation.
May make recommendations on use of grammar, spelling, and

punctuation.
May supervise/train less experienced staff.
579

Word Processing Operator II

Reference Level: 9
Sets up and operates automated text-editing equipment to produce typed
documents from supplied information and previously recorded material.
Applies technical knowledge and skill associated with both basic and
intermediate functions of text-editing equipment (e.g. creating a document,
filing, retrieving, use of glossaries, and utility sort). May transcribe and/or
assemble recorded or supplied material, documents, reports, statistical/financial
summaries, and correspondence. Has a limited number of tasks at any one time
with some scope for deciding own work sequence. Typically requires technical
training and substantial work experience.
Sets up equipment to perform routine functions, requiring comprehensive

knowledge of the equipment and software packages used.
May transcribe recorded dictation such as reports and/or correspondence.
Assembles materials and follows instructions to type documents including

graphics, charts, and tables with some latitude to decide layout.
Maintains a current filing system of formats and repetitive documents.
May proof read for transcription errors and make suggestions on style and
formatting in accordance with company guidelines and branding.
May perform a variety of clerical elements related to typed materials, such

as filing, preparing mailings, photocopying, and/or record keeping.
Material typed tends to be on a production basis and of a general nature

although large, complex documents with inputs from more than one
source may be included.
Requires keyboarding and complex layout skills, plus specialized

knowledge of the specific equipment and its operation.
May make suggestions on use of grammar, spelling, and punctuation.
580

Word Processing Operator I

Reference Level: 8
Operates automated text-editing equipment to transcribe recorded dictation
and/or produce typed documents from supplied information and/or previously
recorded material. Applies basic skill associated with the text-editing
equipment. Has a limited number of tasks at any one time with limited scope
for deciding own work sequence.
Sets up equipment to perform routine functions and basic applications.
May transcribe recorded dictation such as simple correspondence and/or

lists.
Assembles materials and follows standard or supplied instructions to type

documents.
Maintains a current filing system of formats, standard statements, and

repetitive documents.
May proof read for transcription errors.
May perform a variety of simple clerical elements related to typed

materials, such as filing, preparing mailings, photocopying, and/or record
keeping.
Material typed tends to be on a production basis and of general nature.

Equipment may have a limited range of capacity.
Requires basic keyboarding and layout skills, plus specialized knowledge

of the specific equipment and its operation.
Requires proper use of grammar, spelling, and punctuation.
May be supervised by a more experienced operator.
581
Executive Title Descriptions

Chief Executive Officer 0001
Top executive of the entire organization.
Group Head - 0005
Top executive of two or more subsidiary, affiliate or division

operating units.
Division Head - 0006
Top executive of one independent operating unit.
Chief Operating Officer 0002
Executive directing the effective management and profitable

growth of assigned operating businesses, domestic and
worldwide.
Chief Administrative
Officer - 0003
Executive directing the development and implementation of

policies and programs of two or more dissimilar major
corporate functions.
Head of Strategic Planning

- 0004
Executive directing the development of the corporate

business plan, including consolidation of various division and
subsidiary plans.
Chief Financial Officer 0020
Top family executive for all finance and accounting

functions.
Controller - 0022
Subfamily executive overseeing all company-wide

budgeting, financial planning, control, accounting, and
reporting policies and practices.
Head of Internal Audit 0023
Subfamily executive overseeing all reviews and appraisals

for soundness, adequacy, compliance, and cost effectiveness
of operational, financial, and information management
controls.
Head of Treasury - 0021
Subfamily executive overseeing the treasury function of the

company.
Head of Tax - 0024
Subfamily executive directing the establishment and

implementation of corporate tax policy.
582
Chief Information Officer 0040
Top family executive for all information technology

functions.
Head of Information
Technology - 7517
Corporate executive accountable for information system

activities for the entire organization.
Head of Human Resources - Top family executive for all human resource functions.
0060
Head of Training and
Development - 6005
Subfamily corporate executive who develops and implements

programs to improve the competence and effectiveness of all
of the organization's human resources.
Head of Compensation and

Benefits - 0061
Subfamily executive overseeing all development and

implementation of plans and programs of employee
compensation and benefits.
Head of Recruiting - 0062
Subfamily executive overseeing all recruiting functions of

the organization.
Head of Organization
Development - 5993
Subfamily corporate executive providing consultative and

research services, programs, information, and other
assistance in the development of effective organization
structures and processes for the entire organization.
Head of Labor Relations 5944
Subfamily corporate executive who develops and directs

implementation of plans, policies, and programs affecting
company relations with the entire organization's employees
and their representatives.
Head of Law/Legal
Executive - 0080
Top family executive for all legal affairs of the organization.
Head of Corporate Affairs - Top family executive for all communications with the
organization's various publics.
0340
Head of Regulatory Affairs
- 1801
Top executive responsible for regulatory compliance and

communication with regulatory bodies.
Head of Shareholder
Relations - 5732
Subfamily corporate executive responsible for the company's

relationship and communication with shareholders and the
investment community.
Head of Marketing - 0100
Top family executive for all marketing functions (excluding

sales and representation) of the organization.
583
Group Product/Brand
Manager - 6398
Executive managing one or two business categories and two

to four brand groups.
Head of E-Commerce 6396
Subfamily corporate executive accountable for the current

and long-term profitable operation and growth of ecommerce for the entire organization.
Head of Marketing and

Sales - 0140
Top family executive for planning and implementing the

overall marketing and sales functions in the company.
Head of Sales - 0141
Top family executive for all sales functions of the

organization.
Head of Customer Service - Top family executive for all customer service functions.
5392
Head of Research and
Development - 0180
Top family executive for all research and development

activities of the organization.
Head of Engineering - 0200
Top family executive for all engineering functions of the

organization.
Head of Logistics/Supply
Chain - 0220
Top family executive for all logistical and supply chain

functions of the organization.
Head of
Purchasing/Procurement 6320
Subfamily corporate executive assuring the timely,

economical purchase of raw materials, parts, equipment, and
operating supplies required for production of the entire
organization's products.
Head of Materials - 6346
Subfamily corporate executive who assures the timely,

economical purchase of raw materials, parts, equipment, and
operating supplies, along with planning of manufacturing
output, inventory control, warehousing, and shipment to meet
sales forecasts and customer commitments for the entire
organization.
Subfamily corporate executive directing planning and

Head of
Distribution/Transportation implementation of physical distribution of the entire
organization's products to meet customer requirements.
- 7545
Head of Manufacturing 0280
Top family executive for all manufacturing functions of the

organization.
584
Head of Operations (NonManufacturing) - 0281
Top family executive for all non-manufacturing operations of

the organization.
Head of Quality
Assurance/Quality Control
- 0360
Top family executive for all company policies and programs

of quality and control.
Head of Health, Safety and

Environmental Affairs 0380
Top family executive for all matters of personal health and

safety of employees and protection of the environment and
general public.
Head of Property
Development - 0260
Top family executive for all property development, leasing,

design, and construction for the organization.
Head of Real Estate - 6728
Subfamily corporate executive who focuses on leasing and

property development for the entire organization, but
typically is not responsible for design and construction.
Head of Construction - 6730 Subfamily corporate executive responsible for all

construction projects of the entire organization.
Head of Energy and Facility Subfamily corporate executive responsible for the planning,
implementation, and maintenance of the energy and facilities
Management - 6724
maintenance programs and systems for the entire
organization.
585

Hay Group Global Job Model Job Descriptions 2015

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Hay Group Global Job Model Job Descriptions 2015

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

2015 Global Job Model

Standard global job descriptions and executive title

Copyright 2015, Hay Group

Help Desk Specialist ........................................................................... 113

HR Generalist II .................................................................................. 174

Public Relations Assistant ................................................................... 230

Sales Effectiveness Manager ............................................................... 291

Project Leader ..................................................................................... 344

Technologist/Technician III ................................................................ 393

Unit Supervisor II................................................................................ 447

Health and Environment ............................................................................. 498

Secretary IV ........................................................................................ 556

Subfamilies and Codes

Territory Sales .............................................................................. SLB

Secretarial ..................................................................................... ASB

Finance and Accounting

This page left blank intentionally

Family: Finance and Accounting (FA)

Working within corporate strategies and policy frameworks, designs,

Oversees maintenance of the organization's general ledger and related

Oversees all company-wide budgeting, financial planning, control, and

Provides economic analyses, studies, and counsel on all matters of

Ensures compliance of the organizations practices with applicable

Manages and motivates subordinate staff; reviews and assesses

Companys >150 million USD

50 - 150 million USD

< 50 million USD

Team of more than 30 professional

Family: Finance and Accounting (FA)

Implements and administers established accounting and controlling

Ensures maintenance of general accounting, cost accounting, payroll,

Oversees the preparation of budgets and forecasts.

Ensures accurate and timely recording and reporting of operating results.

Provides financial analysis, interpretation of variances from budgets and

Maintains balances at local banks.

Manages, motivates and assesses performance of a small team of

Finance and Accounting

This page left blank intentionally

Family: Finance and Accounting (FA)

General Accounting Manager

Assures that accounting records are prepared and maintained in

Prescribes methods of providing accounting data for various non-standard

Interprets for all decentralized components of the accounting function, the

Directs maintenance of fixed asset records and related depreciation

Collaborates with management to develop schedules, procedures, and

Family: Finance and Accounting (FA)

Makes work assignments, schedules, and reviews work in progress.

Handles personnel actions including performance reviews, salary

Recommends modifications to standard procedures.

Participates in determining the proper accounting treatment of complex or

Assures adequate documentation/support of transactions and reports.

Supervises preparation of and approves reports.

Family: Finance and Accounting (FA)

Makes work assignments, schedules, and reviews work in progress.

Ensures timely consolidation of balance sheets, profit and loss, etc.

Ensures that accounting activities are performed according to legislation.

Handles personnel actions including performance reviews and salary

Improves and/or modifies standard procedures.

Assures adequate documentation/support of transactions and reports.

Family: Finance and Accounting (FA)

Performs advanced or specialized work that requires comprehensive

Develops non-standard reports and statements.

Often provides work direction to others.