PHYS1221/1231 - Formula Sheet

This information will be provided to students in all examinations in the course.

The symbols in formulae have their conventional meaning.
Constant acceleration:
x = x0 + vx0 t + 12 ax t2
v = vx0 + ax t
2 + 2a (x x )
vx2 = vx0
x
0

Circular motion:
v = r
Springs:

ac =

U = 12 kx2

F = kx
F = qE
q
E=
40 r2
H
qin
E = E dA =
0
RB
V = A E ds
V =

q
40 r

C=

Q
V

C=

0 A
d

E = Blv
EL = L
L=

N B
I

1
U = LI 2
2

F = IL B
R
B = B dA
B=

0 I
2r

B = 0 nI
H
B ds = 0 I

C = C0
U = p E

dB =

I
E ds

n1 sin 1 = n2 sin 2
i = r
n2
sin c =
n1
c
n=
v
d sin
)

1
2nt = (m + ) or 2nt = m
2

0 ds
r
I
2
4
r

optical path length = nL

a sin = m
I = Imax (

sin(/2) 2
2a sin
) where =
/2

sin min = 1.22/D

d sin = m
I = Imax cos2 (

dI
dt

F = qv B

1
U = CV 2
2

dB
E =
=
dt

v2
r

h
(1 cos )
mc

tan P = n

P = AeT 4
max T = 2.898 103 mK
I = Imax cos2
KEmax = hf
=

h
p

E = hf =
=

c
f

k=

= 2f =

I = nevd A

Et

2
T

Emax = cBmax

~
xpx
2

I = Sav =

~
2

2
2
Emax
cBmax
=
20 c
20

I = Sav = cuav

1
mv 2 = EF
2 F

P =

3
1
mvT2 h = kB T
2
2

En =

m =

hc

0
n

2I
c
n2 h2
8me L2

En = (

y = ym cos(kx t)
visible = 400 nm - 700 nm

me4 Z 2
Z2
=
13.6eV
)
n2
820 h2 n2

~2 d2
+ U = E
2m dx2

Trigonometric identities
AB
sin A sin B = 2 sin( AB
2 ) cos( 2 )
A+B
cos A + cos B = 2 cos( 2 ) cos( AB
2 )

cos A cos B =

AB
2 sin( A+B
2 ) sin( 2 )

a2 = b2 + c2 2bc cos A
sin(A B) = sin A cos B cos A sin B
cos(A B) = cos A cos B sin A sin B

sin2 + cos2 = 1

Standard Integrals
Z

1
dx = ln(x) + C
Z x
sin 2x
1
sin2 xdx = (x
)+C
2
2

1
sin 2x
cos2 xdx = (x +
)+C
2
2
Z
1
sin x cos xdx = cos2 x + C
2