كتاب أولمبياد الرياضيات PDF

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https://sites.google.com/site/stitmath
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1
x
x2 y 2 z 2
+ + x+ y+z
y
z
x
2
:
BA = AD
BA = BC
) ( AD ) ( BC
+ ADB
BAC
3
EFG
EFG
) ( FG
PB + PC + PA = ED
4
x
x y z
= =
y z w
x 5 + y 2 z 2 + x3 z 2
x
=
4
4
2
2
y z + w + y zw
w
%
1
:
x 2 2 xy + y 2 0
x2
+ y 2x
y
)(x y
x 2 + y 2 2 xy
x 2 + y 2 2 xy
y
y
y2
+ z 2y
z
z2
+ x 2z
x
(
3
x2
y2
z2
1 2 3 + y + + z + + x 2 x + 2 y + 2 z :
y
z
x
2
x
y2 z2
)+ + + ( x + y + z) ( x + y + z) 2( x + y + z) ( x + y + z
y
z
x
x2 y 2 z 2
+ + x+ y+z
y
z
x
BA = BC
BA = AD
ABC
ABD
= BCA
BAC
= ADB
ABD
BAF
AFC
BFD
+ BDA
= 90
FBD
+ ABC
= 90
BAF
+ ACB
= 90
FAC
+ ACB
+ BAF
+ ABC
+ FBD
+ BDA
= 90 + 90 + 90
FAC
+ BAF
) + ACB
+ ( ABC
+ FBD
) + BDA
= 90 + 90 + 90
( FAC
= ABC
+ FBD
ABD
= FAC
+ BAF
BAC
= BCA
BAC
+ ACB
+ ABD
+ BDA
= 90 + 90 + 90
BAC
= ADB
ABD
+ 2BDA
= 270
2 BAC
+ BDA
= 270
2 BAC
+ BDA
= 135
BAC
:
(
EFG
S EFG =
ED FG
2
:
:
:
S EFG = S PEG + S PFG + S PEF

PB EG PC FG PA EF
+
+
2
2
2
PB EG + PC FG + PA EF
=
2
=
FG = EG = EF
8
PB FG + PC FG + PA FG
:
2
FG ( PB + PC + PA )
( 2 )
S EFG =
:
2
FG ( PB + PC + PA ) ED FG
=
: 2 1
2
2
2 FG ( PB + PC + PA )
2 ED FG
:
FG
2
FG
2
=
S EFG
PB + PC + PA = ED
4
x y z
= = =k
y z w
y = zk
z = kw
y = ( kw ) k
z = kw
z = kw
x = yk
x = yk
x = ( wk 2 ) k = k 3 w
y = wk 2
x5 + y 2 z 2 + x3 z 2
x
=0
4
4
2
2
y z + w + y zw
w
5
2 2
( k w) + ( wk ) ( kw) + ( k w) ( kw)
( wk ) ( kw) + w + ( wk ) ( kw) w
3
x5 + y 2 z 2 + x 3 z 2
x
=
4
4
2
2
y z + w + y zw
w
2 4
2 2
k 15 w5 + k 4 w2 k 2 w2 + k 9 w3 k 2 w2
k3
8 4
4
4 2
2
k w kw + w + k w kww
k 15 w5 + k 6 w4 + k 11w5
k3
k 9 w5 + w4 + k 5 w5
k 6 w4 k 9 w + 1 + k 5 w
=
w
( k w +1+ k w )
9
= k6 k3 =
3 2
(k )
) k
wk 3
w
k3 = k3 k3 = 0
x 5 + y 2 z 2 + x3 z 2
x
=
4
4
2
2
y z + w + y zw
w

1
x
x+ y+ z =3
y
x
z
3
+
+
y+ z x+ z x+ y 2
2
EFG
] [ FG
] [ FD ] [ EG

:
) ( EF ) ( EG
FD = AB + AC
3
x
1
1
1
= y+ = z+
y
z
x
x+
xyz = 1
4
ECDB
) (
:
EC DB + DC EB = BC ED
10
%
1
2
x 1 0
:
:
( )
(x 2
( )
x 20
x x 2 x + 2x + 4 x x 2 0
x x + 3 x 2 0
x (3 x ) 2
1
1
x (3 x ) 2
( x ) 12
2
x
x
y+z 2
) x (3 x
x 1 x 2 0 x 2
x +1 x 2 0
:
:
3 x = y + z > 0
)( x
(
y
y
x+z 2
z
z
x+ y 2
)
)
(
(
y
x
z
x y z
+
+
+ +
y+ z x+ z x+ y 2 2 2
y
x
z
x+ y+ z
+
+
y+ z x+ z x+ y
2
y
x
z
3
+
+
y+ z x+ z x+ y 2
11
S EFG = S EFA + S EAG
( EAG : S EAG
EFG
EFA
S EFA
EFG
EG FD AB EF AC EG
=
+
2
2
2
EG FD AB EF + AC EG
=
2
2
EG FD AB EG + AC EG
EF = EG )
=
2
2
EG FD EG ( AB + AC )
=
2
2
EG ( AB + AC )
2
EG FD
2
EG
2
EG
2
FD = AB + AC
:
S EFG )
:
:
:
:
:
:
3
1
1
= y + :
y
z
1 1
x y =
:
z y
x( y z)
xyz =
:
x y
1
1
y + = z + :
z
x
1 1
y z = :
x z
x+
zy =
yz
x y
x y =
yz
zy
:
(
xz =
12
zx
yz
yz =
zx
xz
)y ( z x
= xyz
yz
1
1
x + = z + :
y
x
z x = 1 1 :
y x
( 3 ) xy = x y :
zx

) xy ( z x
x y
x>0
x y
zx
y>0
x y
xy
) ( xyz
zx
=1
x y
=zx
yz
x y
x y
)( z x
zx
=
x y
2
)) y ( z x
x yz
= ) ( xyz ) ( xyz
) ( xyz
) ( xyz
z>0
xyz > 0
xyz = 1
DBF
] [ BC :
DEC
= DEC
DBF
= BDF
CDE
CED
DBF
13
+ EDF
= BDF
+ EDF
CDE
DFC
DB CE + DC BE = BF DE + CF DE
DEB
DCF
:
:
DC BE = CF DE
: 3
= DEB
DCF
DB CE + DC BE = DE ( BF + CF )
EC DB + DC EB = BC ED
14
= EDB
CDF
DC CF
=
DE BE
DB BF
=
DE CE
= BDF
CDE
DBE
DB CE = BF DE

1
x
xy xz yz
+ +
x+ y+z
z
y
x
2
AHB
= 120
ABH
) [ BC

C [ HA] ) ABH
) ( CB ) ( AB
1
1
1
+
=
BH AB CB
3
x
= x2 + y 2 + z 2
)(x + y + z
1 1 1
+ + =0
x y z
4
ABC
] [ BC
) ( AE ] [ BC

) E ( BC
) ( AD
CG = BF
15
%
1
c = xz
b = yz
a = xy
:
(c a)
a 2 2ab + b 2 + b 2 2bc + c 2 + c 2 2ac + a 2 0

2 ( a 2 + a 2 + a 2 ) 2 ( ab + bc + ac )
( b c )2 ( a b )2 0 :
: ( a b )2 + ( b c )2 + ( c a )2 0 :
2a 2 + 2b 2 + 2c 2 2ab 2bc 2ac 0
2 ( a2 + b2 + c2 )
2 ( ab + bc + ac )
2 abc
b2
c2
ab
bc
ac
+
+
+
+
abc
abc
abc
abc
abc
abc
2 abc
a2
a2
b2
c2
a 2b 2
b2c 2
a 2c 2
+
+
+
+
abc
abc
abc
abc
abc
abc
a2
abc
x2 y 2
x2 y2 z2
y2 z2
x2 y2 z 2
b2
c2
abc
abc
x2 z 2
x2 y2 z 2
:
:
:
ab
bc
ac
+
+
c
a
b
xy 2 z
+
xz
yz 2 x
x 2 yz
+
xy
yz
x2 y 2 y 2 z 2 x2 z 2
+
+
y 2 + z 2 + x 2 :
xyz
xyz
xyz
xy yz xz
+ + y + z + x :
z
x
y
ABH
16
[ BC )
= HBC
= ABH = 120 = 60
ABC
2
2
= HBD
+ ABH
DBA
= DBA
ABH
=180 120 = 60
HBD
( HB ) ( HD ) ( CB )
(
= HBC
= 60
BHD
+ DHB
+ HBD
= 180 :
HDB
= 180 DHB
+ HBD
HDB
= 180 ( 60 + 60 ) = 180 120 = 60

HDB
HDB
HD = HB = DB
( HD ) / / ( CB )
AH AD DH
=
=
AC AB CB
AD = AB + BD
AD DH
:
=
AB CB
AB + BD BH
:
HD = HB = DB )
=
AB
CB
AB + BH
1
:
=
AB BH CB
AB
BH
1
:
=
+
AB BH AB BH CB
1
1
1
:
+
=
BH AB CB
3
(x + y + z)
= x2 + y 2 + z 2
+ 2 ( x + y ) z + z 2 = x2 + y2 + z 2
x 2 + 2 xy + y 2 + 2 ( x + y ) z + z 2 = x 2 + y 2 + z 2
( x + y)
2 ( xy + xz + yz ) = 0
xy
xz
yz
+
+
=0
xyz xyz xyz
17
2 xy + 2 ( x + y ) z = 0 :
1
1
2 ( xy + xz + yz ) = 0
2 xyz
2 xyz
1 1 1
+ + =0
x y z
ABD
ACD
:
:
)
S ABD
AE BD
2
= S ABD
AE CD
2
ABD
= S ACD
S ACD
ACD
BD = CD
S ABD = S ACD
:
:
AD BF
2
S ABD = S ACD
= S ABD
AD CG
2
= S ACD
AD BF AD CG
:
=
2
2
2
AD BF
2
AD CG
:
AD
2
AD
2
BF = CG
18

1
x
x
y
1
+ 4
2
2
x +y
y +x
xy
2
ABC
] [ BC ] [ AC ][ AB
:
AB + AC + BC
< AD + CE + BF < AB + AC + BC
2
3
EFG
EF 4 + EG 4 < FG 4 :
4
:
1 3 5
2012 2014
1
...
<
2 4 6
2013 2015
2016
19
%
1
:
:
+ y) 0
(x
x4 2x2 y + y 2 0
x
1
2
x +y
2 xy
:
)
x4 + y 2 2x2 y
:
2
y
1
2
y +x
2 yx
1
1
2
2
x +y
2x y
x
x
2
2
x +y
2x y
4
x
y
2
+ 4
2
2
x +y
y +x
2 xy
x
y
1
1
+ 4
+
2
2
x +y
y +x
2 xy 2 yx
(
4
x
y
1
+ 4
2
2
x +y
y +x
xy
4
] [ BC
20
AM < AC + CM
ADC
AB < AD + DB
ADB
AC + AB < AD + DC + AD + DB
BC = BD + DC
AC + AB BC < 2 AD
AC < AD + DC
:
3
] ( [ AM
AC + AB < 2 AD + BC
2 AD < AC + AB
AM < AC + AB
AM = 2 AD
ACM
AB = CM
AC + AB BC < 2 AD < AC + AB
AC + BC AB < 2CE < AC + BC
AB + BC AC < 2 BF < AB + BC
AC + AB BC + AC + BC AB + AB + BC AC < 2 AD + 2CE + 2 BF < AC + AB + AC + BC + AB + BC
:
AC + AB BC + AC + BC AB + AB + BC AC < 2 ( AD + CE + BF ) < 2 AC + 2 AB + 2 BC
1
1
1
( AB + AC + BC ) < 2 ( AD + CE + BF ) < 2 ( AC + AB + BC ) :
2
2
2
AB + AC + BC
< AD + CE + BF < AB + AC + BC :
2
3
EFG E
21
EF 2 + EG 2 = FG 2 :
: ( EF 4 + EG 4 ) FG 4
2
FG 4 EF 4 EG 4 = ( FG 2 ) EF 4 EG 4 = ( EF 2 + EG 2 ) EF 4 EG 4
2
= ( EF 2 ) + 2 EF 2 EG 2 + ( EG 2 ) EF 4 EG 4
= EF 4 + 2EF 2 EG 2 + EG 4 EF 4 EG 4
= 2 EF 2 EG 2 > 0
EF 4 + EG 4 < FG 4 :
4
2 4 6
2013 2015
Y = ...
3 5 7
2014 2016
1 3 5
2012 2014
X = ...
2 4 6
2013 2015
:
:
1 2
<
2 3
3 4
<
4 5
M
2012 2013
<
2013 2014
2014 2015
<
2015 2016
1 3 5
2012 2014 2 4 6
2013 2015
...
< ...
2 4 6
2013 2015 3 5 7
2014 2016
X <Y
X 2 < XY
X2 = X <
:
XY =
XY
XY
1 2 3 4 5 6
2012 2013 2014 2015
1
...
=
2013 2014 2015 2016 2016
2 3 4 5 6 7
1
1
:
=
2016
2016
1 3 5
2012 2014
1
:
X = ...
< XY =
2 4 6
2013 2015
2016
XY =
22

1
x
1 1 1
+ + 9
x y z
( x + y + z)
2
EFGH
] [ EG ] [ FH

: P
:
EFGH
1
P < EG + FH < P
2
1
1
1
1
+
+
+ .... +
1 2 3 4 5 6
99 100
1
1
1
1
1
+
+
+ ... +
+
51 100 52 99 53 98
99 52 100 51
10
) (
23
%
1
: ( x + y + z ) 1 + 1 + 1 9
x
:
1 1 1
x x x y y y z z z
+ + 9 = + + + + + + + + 9
x y z x y z x y z
x y z
(x + y + z)
x x y
y z z
+ + +1+ + + +1 9
y z x
z x y
x x y y z z
= + + + + + 6
y z x z x y
x y
y z
z x
= + 2+ + 2+ + 2
y x
z y
x z
= 1+
x 2 + y 2 2 xy y 2 + z 2 2 zy x 2 + z 2 2 xz
+
+
xy
zy
xz
( x y)
=
xy
( z y)
+
zy
(z y)
xz > 0
zy > 0
(x z)
+
xz
xy > 0
( x y )2 0 ( x z )2 0
:
z>0
y>0
x>0
1 1 1
( x y ) + ( z y ) + ( x z ) 0 :
(x + y + z) + + 9 =
xy
zy
xz
x y z
1 1 1
( x + y + z ) + + 9 :
x y z
2
:
EFGH
P = EF + FG + GH + HE
EG < EH + HG
EG < EF + FG
EG + EG < EF + FG + EH + HG
EHG
EFG
:
2 EG < P
24
FH < GF + HG
FH < EF + EH
FH + FH < EF + EH + GF + HG
HGF
:
P
2
EG <
EHF
:
:
2FH < P
(
(
:
EG + FH < P
P
2
FH <
EOH
HGO
FOG
EFO
EH < OH + OE
HG < OG + OH
FG < OF + OG
EF < EO + OF
EF + FG + HG + EH < EO + OF + OF + OG + OG + OH + OH + OE :
P < 2 EG + 2 FH
P < 2 ( EO + OG ) + 2 ( OF + OH )
P
< EG + FH :
2
1
P < EG + FH < P
2
P < 2 ( EG + FH )
3
1
1
1
1
:
+
+
+ ... +
1 2 3 4 5 6
99 100
1
1
1
1
1
Y=
+
+
+ ... +
+
51100 52 99 53 98
99 52 100 51
1
1
1
1
:
X=
+
+
+ ... +
1 2 3 4 5 6
99 100
1
1 1 1 1 1
1
X = 1 + + + ... +
:
2 3 4 5 6
99 100
1
1 1 1
1 1 1
1
1 1
1
X = 1 + 2 + + 2 + + 2 + ... + +
2
:
2 3 4
4 5 6
6
100
2
99 100
X=
1
1 1 1 1
1
1 1 1 1 1
X = 1 + + + + + ... + +
2 + + ... +
99 100 2 4 6
100
2 3 4 5 6
1
1 1 1
1
1 1 1 1 1
X = 1 + + + + + ... + +
1 + + ... +
99 100 2 3
50
2 3 4 5 6
1 1
1
1
1
X = + + ... + +
51 52 53
99 100
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

X + X = + + ... + +
+ + + ... + +
99 100 51 52 53
99 100
51 52 53
25
:
:
:
:
1 1
1 1
1
1 1
1
1
1
2X = +
+
+ + + + + ... + + +
51 100 52 99 53 98
99 52 100 51
151
151
151
151
151
= 2X
+
+
+ ... +
+
51100 52 99 53 98
99 52 100 51
1
1
1
1
1
+
+
+ ... +
+
2 X = 151
99 52 100 51
51100 52 99 53 98
2 X = 151Y
X 151
=
Y
2
4
:

ABC
AB = BC = 1
:
AC 2 = AB 2 + BC 2
AC 2 = 12 + 12 = 1 + 1 = 2
AC = 2
:

C
ADC
DC = 2
:
:
+ 22 = 2 + 4 = 6
)( 2
= AD 2
AD 2 = AC 2 + DC 2
AD = 6
'A
' ADA
:
2
= 4 + 6 = 10
AA ' = 10
)( 6
DA ' = 2
AA '2 = DA '2 + AD 2
AA '2 = 2 2 +
26

1
x
-1
-2
)x >0
y>0
z>0
x y
+ 2
y x
x+ y y+ z x+ z
+
+
6 :
z
x
y
2
x
x 7 y + 8z = 4
8 x + 4 y z = 7
x2 y 2 + z 2 = 1
3
:
) ( AC ) / / ( BD
BD = 4
AC = 8
) ( BC ) ( AD
] [ AB ) ( EF ) / / ( BD
EF
4
x
:
:
xyz = 1
1
2
2 xm
2 ym
2 zm
+
+
=1
xy + x + 1 yz + y + 1 xz + z + 1
=m
27
%
1
2
- 1 :
x y
x2 + y 2
) x 2 2 xy + y 2 ( x y
=+ 2
=2
=
0
y x
xy
xy
xy
) ( x y )2 0
x y
+ 2
y x
-2

:
:
xy > 0
x y
+ 2 :
y x
y z
+ 2 :
z y
x z
+ 2
z x
x y y z x z
+ + + + + 2+2+2
y x z y z x
x+ y y+ z x+ z
+
+
2+2+2
z
x
y
x+ y y+ z x+ z
+
+
6
z
x
y
2
:
)(1
)( 2
x 7 y + 8 z = 4
8 x + 4 y z = 7
) (1
:
) ( 2
) (2
:
)(1
x 7 y + 8 z = 4
8 x + 4 y z = 7
2 x 14 y + 16 z = 8
8 x + 4 y z = 7
2 x 14 y + 16 z + 8 x + 4 y z = 8 + 7
28
10 x 10 y + 15 z = 15
) 10 ( x y ) = 15 (1 z
15
3
) (1 z ) = (1 z
10
2
= x y
) )( ( 1
) (2
x 7 y + 8 z = 4
8 x + 4 y z = 7
x + 7 y 8 z = 4
16 x + 8 y 2 z = 14
:
:
15 x + 15 y 10 z = 10
) 15 ( x + y ) = 10 (1 + z
10
2
) (1 + z ) = (1 + z
15
3
= x+ y
x + 7 y 8 z + 16 x + 8 y 2 z = 4 + 14
3
2
( x y ) ( x + y ) = (1 z ) (1 + z ) :
3
x2 y 2 = 1 z 2
x2 y 2 + z 2 = 1
3
: ABC
BF BE EF
=
=
BA BC AC
BF EF
=
BA AC
: ADB
AF EF
AF AE EF
=
=
=
AB DB
AB AD DB

:
:
BF AF EF EF
+
=
+
BA AB AC DB
1 BF + AF AB
1
EF
+
=
=1
=
AB
AB
AC DB
1
1
1
+
=
AC DB EF
29
1
1 1 4 + 8 12
= + =
=
EF 8 4
32
32
32 8
=
EF =
12 3
4
1
yz = 1 : xyz = 1 :
y
x
2 xm
2 ym
2 zm
+
+
= 1 :
xy + x + 1 yz + y + 1 xz + z + 1
2 xm
2 ym
2 zm
+
+
= 1 :
xy + x + 1 1 + y + 1 1 + z + 1
x
y
2 xm
2 ym
2 zm
+
+
= 1 :
xy + x + 1 1 + xy + x 1 + yz + y
x
y
2 xm
2 xym
2 yzm
+
+
= 1 :
xy + x + 1 1 + xy + x 1 + yz + y
2 xm
2 xym
2 yxm
+
+
= 1 :
xy + x + 1 1 + xy + x 1 + 1 + y
x
2 xm
2 xym
2 yzm
+
+
= 1 :
xy + x + 1 1 + xy + x 1 + xy + x
x
2 xm
2 xym
2 xyzm
+
+
= 1 :
xy + x + 1 1 + xy + x 1 + xy + x
2 xm + 2 xym + 2 1 m
= 1 :
xy + x + 1
xz =
) =1
2m = 1
2m x + xy + 1
xy + x + 1
m=
30
1
2

1
x
-1
-2
1 1
4
+
:
x y x+ y
1
1
1
1
1
1
+
+
+
+
:
2x 2 y 2z x + y y + z z + x
S [ PM ] :
] R [ NM
) ( AR ) / / ( NS ) ( PR ) / / ( BS
MA MB
=
MP MN
3
ABC C
BC K > AB k + AC K :
) ( K >2
4
x
'x
'y
'z
( x + y + z )( x '+ y '+ z ') :
x
y
z
= = =m
'x' y' z
= ' xx ' + yy ' + zz
31
%
1
2
x + y ) 4 xy x 2 2 xy + y 2
(
( x y) 0
1 1
4
y+x
4
+
=
=
=
=
x y x+ y
xy
x+ y
xy ( x + y )
xy ( x + y )
xy ( x + y )
xy ( x + y ) 0
y>0
x>0
: -1
( x y )2 0 : )
1 1
4
+
x y x+ y
1 1
4
+
x y x+ y
1 1
4
+
y z y+z
1 1
4
+
x z x+ z
1 1 1 1 1 1
4
4
4
+ + + + +
+
+
x y y z x z x+ y y+z x+z
: -2
:
1
2 2 2
1
1
+ + 4
+
+
x y z
x+ y y+ z x+ z
1 1 1 1 1 1
1
1
2 + + 4
+
+
:
4 x y z 4 x+ y y+z x+z
11 1 1
1
1
1
+
+
:
+ +
2 x y z x+ y y+ z x+ z
1
1
1
1
1
1
+
+
+
+
:
2x 2 y 2z x + y y + z z + x
2
( AR ) / / ( NS ) :
MA MR
=
MS MN
MA MR AR
=
=
MS MN SN
MS MR = MA MN
( PR ) / / ( BS ) :
MB MS BS
=
=
MR MP PR
MRP
:
(
32
:
(
MB MS
=
MR MP
MSN
MS MR = MB MP
MA MN = MB MP
MA MB
=
MP MN
3
C
ABC
:
:
BC 2 = AB 2 + AC 2
BC 2 BC K 2 = AB 2 BC K 2 + AC 2 BC K 2
(
BC K 2 > AC K 2
:
1
BC K 2 > AB K 2
BC K = AB 2 BC K 2 + AC 2 BC K 2
BC K 2 AC 2 > AC K 2 AC 2
BC K 2
BC > AB
BC K 2 AB 2 > AB K 2 AB 2
BC K 2 AC 2 > AC K
BC > AC
BC K 2 AB 2 > AB k
BC K > AB k + AC K
4
z = mz '
x
y
z
= = =m
x' y' z'
y = my '
x = mx '
:
xx ' + yy ' + zz ' = mx ' x ' + my ' y ' + mz ' z '
= mx '2 + my '2 + mz '2
= x' m + y' m + z' m
= m ( x '+ y '+ z ')
( x + y + z )( x '+ y '+ z ') = ( mx '+ my '+ mz ')( x '+ y '+ z ')

= m ( x '+ y '+ z ')( x '+ y '+ z ')
= m ( x '+ y '+ z ')
xx ' + yy ' + zz ' =
33
( x + y + z )( x '+ y '+ z ') :

1
x
x+ y
x
y
+
xy + x + 1 x + 1 y + 1
EFGH
GP 2 + EP 2 = HP 2 + FP 2
3
x
( x y )( 3x 2 y ) = xy :
x+ y
x y
4
:
ABDC
BD = 6cm
) ( C
r = 1cm
34
%
1
:
x>0
:
:
y>0
x+ y x
x
x
x + y +1 x +1
x + y +1 x +1
1
1
1
x + y +1 x +1
y
y
y + x +1 y +1
x
y
x
y
+
+
1 2 :
x + y +1 y + x +1 x +1 y +1
x+ y
x
y
+
:
x + y +1 x +1 y +1
] [ EF
] [ FG
] [GH
35
[ EH ]
:
(
HB = DP
PHB
PCG
AF = PC
AFP
CG = PB
AEP
AE = DP )
EP 2 = AP 2 + AE 2 = AP 2 + DP 2
2
2
2
2
2
PG = PC + CG = PC + PB
2
2
2
2
2
PF = AP + AF = AP + PC
PH 2 = PB 2 + HB 2 = PB 2 + DP 2
:
PG 2 + EP 2 = PC 2 + PB 2 + AP 2 + DP 2
= PB 2 + DP 2 + AP 2 + PC 2
= PH 2 + PF 2
3
3 x 2 2 xy 3 xy + 2 y 2 xy = 0
( x y )( 3x 2 y ) = xy :
2 y2
3 x 2 2 xy +
=0
3
y2
2
x
(
)
=0
3
3 x 2 6 xy + 2 y 2 = 0
2
y2
2
x
2
xy
+
y
= 0 :
3
y
y
x y+
x y
= 0 :
3
3
y
y
x y
=0 x y+
= 0 :
3
3
y
x= y+
x = y y :
3
3
:
y
y
+ y 2y
x+ y
3
3 = 2 3 1 = 1 2 3
=
=
y
x y y y y
1
3
3
y
y
y
y+
+ y 2y +
x+ y
3
3 = 1+ 2 3
=
=
y
y
x y y+
y
3
3
36
4

O
) ( CD
= 90
OHD
) ( DN ) ( C
( DN ) ( ON ) :
:
= 90
DNO
= 360 DNO
OHD
HDN
HON
= 360 90 90 90 = 90 :
HON
= DNO
= OHD
= HDN
= 90
HON
ONDH
OH = ND
CH = CD HD
CH = 6 r
OH
OHC
CO = CM + MO
CO = 6 + r
DO = 6 r
:
:
:
OH 2 = CO 2 CH 2
2
CO 2 = CH 2 + OH 2
2
) OH 2 = ( 6 + r ) ( 6 r
OH 2 = 36 + 12r + r 2 36 + 12r r
ODN
:
:
36 12r + r 2 = r 2 + 24r
24r
OH = 24r
DO = DP PO
= r2 +
OD 2 = ON 2 + DN 2
) DO = 6 r
) (6 r
OH = ND
36r = 36
r =1
37

1
x
x >1
y >1
x2
y2
+
8
y 1 x 1
2
EFG
] [ EF
EF < FG
) ( EG
GN 2 EN 2 = FG 2
3
m

1
2
m
-1
-2
m+
t
1 1 1 1
+ + + 16
x y z t
( x + y + z + t)
4
ABCD
AMD
N
D
] [ BC ] [ AD
) ( AM
CE = CD
38
%
1
:
x >1
y >1
x 1 > 0
y 1 > 0
a = x 1
b = y 1
:
:
x = a +1
y = b +1
)x 2 = ( a + 1
)y 2 = ( b + 1
:
2
)( a + 1) + ( b + 1
x2
y2
+
=
y 1 x 1
b
a
a 2 + 2a + 1 b 2 + 2b + 1
+
b
a
2
2
a +1 b +1 a b
=
+
+ 2 +
b
a
b a
=
a 2 + 2ab + b 2 0
)(a + b
a 2 + b 2 2ab
1
1
) ( a 2 + b2
2 ab :
ab
ab
a b
)(1
2 + 4 :
b a
a 2 2a + 1 0
a b
+ 2
b a
)( a 1
a 2 + 1 2a
b
b
:
)
a 2 + 1 2a
1
1
( a 2 + 1) 2a
b
b
b 2 + 1 2b
a
a
a 2 + 1 b 2 + 1 2a 2b
+
+
b
a
b
a
39
a 2 + 1 b2 + 1
a b
+
2 +
b
a
b a
a 2 + 1 b2 + 1
a b
+
2 + :
b
a
b a
x2
y2
a 2 + 1 b2 + 1 a b
+
=
+
+ 2 + 4 + 4
y 1 x 1
b
a
b a
:
x2
y2
+
8
y 1 x 1
MG 2 = MN 2 + GN 2
ME 2 = MN 2 + EN 2
MNG
MEN
GN 2 = MG 2 MN 2
EN 2 = ME 2 MN 2
GN 2 EN 2 = MG 2 MN 2 ( ME 2 MN 2 ) :
( [ EF ]
GN 2 EN 2 = MG 2 ME 2
GN 2 EN 2 = MG 2 MF 2

MG 2 = MF 2 + FG 2
ME = MF
MGF
:
(
FG 2 = MG 2 MF 2
GN 2 EN 2 = FG 2
3
1
m+ 2
m
1
m2 + 1
m 2 + 1 2m ( m 1)
m+ 2=
2=
=
0
m
m
m
m
: -1
: -2
1 1 1 1
x x x y
y y z z
z t t t
+ + + = 1+ + + + +1+ + + + +1+ + + + +1
y z t x
z t x y
t x y z
x y z t
(x + y + z + t)
x y x z x t
= + + + + + +
y x z x t x
x
x t
x z
+
+ 2
+ 2
t x
z x
y
40
y z y t z t
+ + + + + +4
z y t y t z
y
2 : 1
x

z t
+ 2
t z
y t
+ 2
t y
y z
+ 2
z y
:
1 1 1 1
x x x y
y y z z
z t t t
+ + + = 1+ + + + +1+ + + + +1+ + + + +1
y z t x
z t x y
t x y z
x y z t
(x + y + z + t)
x y x z x t y z y t z t
= + + + + + + + + + + + +4
y x z x t x z y t y t z
2+2+2+2+2+2+4
1 1 1 1
+ + + 16
x y z t
( x + y + z + t)
[ AD ] [ BC ]
ABCD
( MC ) / / ( AN ) :
MC = AN
ANCM
( AM ) / / ( NC ) :
( ( AM ) ( DE ) )
( CN ) / / ( AE ) [ AD ]
)
N
( CN ) ( DE ) :
ADE
( DE ) ( CN )
[ DE ] ( CN )
CE = CD
41

1
x
-1 :
t +1
2
-1 :
x + y + z =1
2x + 1 + 2 y + 1 + 2z +1 4
2
EFG
) ( FG
EF + EG < EM + FG
3
ABCD
( AB ) ( AC ) :
) ( DC ) ( AC
][ BD
) ( AC
2EH = AB + DC
4
:
1
1000 999 + 999 1000
+ ... +
1
3 2 +2 3
1
2 1 +1 2
=S
42
%
1
(
2 t t +1
2 t t 1
t 1 0
: -1
t 1 = t 2 t +1 0
1
1
2 t ( t + 1) :
2
2
t +1
:
t
2
2x + 1
2 y +1
( 2 x + 1) + 1
: 1 -2
2
2
y
+
( 1) + 1
2z + 1
2
( 2 z + 1) + 1
2
( 2 x + 1) + 1 + ( 2 y + 1) + 1 + ( 2 z + 1) + 1
2x +1 + 2 y +1 + 2z +1
2
2
2
2x + 2 y + 2z + 6
2
2( x + y + z) + 6
2x + 1 + 2 y + 1 + 2z +1
2
2 x + 1 + 2 y + 1 + 2 z + 1 2 1 + 6
2
2x +1 + 2 y +1 + 2z +1
2x +1 + 2 y +1 + 2z +1
8
2
:
:
2x + 1 + 2 y + 1 + 2z +1 4
2
:
( EM + FG )
S EFG
(
(
43
= EM 2 + 2 EM FG + FG 2
EM FG
2
= EM 2 + 4
+ FG
2
EM FG EF EG
:
=
=
2
2
EFG
S EFG )
) ( EM + FG )2 = EM 2 + 4S EFG + FG 2 :
:
( EF + EG )
= EF 2 + 2 EF EG + EG 2
EF EG
= EF 2 + EG 2 + 4
EFG
( EF + EG )
:
2
( EF + EG ) ( EM + FG )
FG 2 = EF 2 + EG 2 )
= FG 2 + 4 S EFG
= FG 2 + 4 S ABC ( EM 2 + 4 S ABC + FG 2 )
= FG 2 + 4 S ABC EM 2 4 S ABC FG 2
= EM 2 < 0
( EF + EG )
< ( EM + FG )
EF + EG < EM + FG
BG BE GE
=
=
BC BD CD
: BCD
( [ BD] E )
( GE ) / / ( CD ) [ BD]
GE BE
BE 1
:
=
=
=
CD BD 2 BE 2
( 1 ) GE = 1 CD
2
E BCD
[ BC ]
44
CH CG HG
: ABC
=
=
CA CB AB
HG CG 1
( [ BC ] G )
=
=
AB CB 2
( 2 ) HG = 1 AB :
2
1
1
2 EH = 2 ( HG + GE ) = 2 AB + CD = AB + CD : 2 1
2
2
4
:
x x 1 ( x 1) x
1
1
=
x x 1 + ( x 1) x x x 1 + ( x 1) x x x 1 ( x 1) x
=
x x 1 ( x 1) x
2
x 2 ( x 1) ( x 1) x
x x 1 ( x 1) x
x x 2 x ( x 2 2 x + 1)
3
x x 1 ( x 1) x
x3 x 2 x3 + 2 x 2 x
x x 1 ( x 1) x
x2 x
x x 1 ( x 1) x
=
x ( x 1)
=
x 1 x
x x 1
x ( x 1) x x 1
x 1
x
x 1
x
:
S=
=
1
1
1
+
+ ... +
2 1 +1 2 3 2 + 2 3
1000 999 + 999 1000
1
2
2
3
999
1000
+ ...... +
1
2
2
3
999
1000
= 1
45
1000
10 10
10
= 1
= 1
1000
1000
100

1
:
) ( DE
DE = 8cm
'S
1
= 1287
xyz
1
= 10
y
x+
1
= 11
z
y+
1
= 12
x
z+
xyz +
3
EFG
] [ FG
] [ FD ] [ EG

:
) ( EF ) ( EG
FD = AB + AC
4
x

)+ 1)( y 2 + 1) x ( y 2 + 1) + y ( x 2 + 1
(x
46
%
1
'O
O 'E = O ' D = R
) ( O ' G ] [ DE

] [ DE
GE = GD = 4cm
O ' GE
:
:
O ' E 2 = O ' G 2 + GE 2
R 2 = r 2 + 16
)'S
( r 2 + 16 ) r 2
2
16
r2
2
R2
2
='S
2
= 8
47
2
z+
x+ y+ z+
1
= 12
x
1 1 1
+ + = 33
x y z
y+
1
= 11
z
x+
1
= 10
y
1
1
1
x + y + z + = 1320 :
y
z
x
x
1
1
xy + + 1 + z + = 1320 :
z
yz
x
1
1 1
1
xyz + y + x + + z + + +
= 1320 :
z
x y xyz
1
1 1 1
xyz +
+ x + y + z + + + = 1320 :
xyz
x y z
1
xyz +
+ 33 = 1320
xyz
1
xyz +
= 1287 :
xyz
S EFG = S EFA + S EAG
( EAG : S EAG
48
EFA
S EFA
EFG
:
S EFG )
EFG
EG FD AB EF AC EG
=
+
2
2
2
EG FD AB EF + AC EG
=
2
2
EG FD AB EG + AC EG
EF = EG )
=
2
2
EG FD EG ( AB + AC )
=
2
2
EG ( AB + AC )
2
EG FD
2
EG
2
EG
2
FD = AB + AC
:
:
:
:
:
:
4
( y 1)
= y2 2 y +1 0
( x 1)2 = x 2 2 x + 1 0 :
x2 + 1 2x
y2 +1
x2 + 1
y
x
2
2
( x2 + 1) y 2 + 1 x y 2 + 1
( ) ( )
2
y2 +1 2 y
(y
+ 1)
(x
+ 1)
(y
+ 1) +
(x
+ 1) y ( x 2 + 1)
y2 +1 2
x + 1) x ( y 2 + 1) + y ( x 2 + 1) :
(
2
2 ( x 2 + 1)
( y 2 + 1) x ( y 2 + 1) + y ( x 2 + 1) :
2
(x
49
+ 1) ( y 2 + 1) x ( y 2 + 1) + y ( x 2 + 1)

1
x
xz + yz + xy = 0
x+ y y+ z z+ x
+
+
=0
xy
yz
xc
2
ABC
ABC
) AB 4 AC 4 = BC 2 ( AB 2 AC 2
AB AC
3
x
x< y+z
x
y
z
<
+
1+ x 1+ y 1+ z
A + D + B + E + C = 180
50
%
1
:
x+ y y+ z z+ x z x+ y x y+ z y z+ x
+
+
=
+
+
xy
yz
xc
z
xy
x
yz
y
xz
xz + yz xy + xz yz + xy
=
+
+
xyz
xyz
xyz
=
xz + yz + xy + xz + yz + xy
xyz
2 xz + 2 yz + 2 xy
xyz
=
=
2 ( xz + yz + xy )
xyz
2 0
=0
xyz
x+ y y+ z z+ x
+
+
=0
xy
yz
xc
2
AB 4 AC 4 = BC 2 ( AB 2 AC 2 ) :
( AB
AB 4 AC 4 = BC 2 AB 2 BC 2 AC 2
AB 4 AC 4 BC 2 AB 2 + BC 2 AC 2 = 0
AC 2 )( AB 2 + AC 2 ) BC 2 ( AB 2 AC 2 ) = 0
( AB
AC 2 )( AB 2 + AC 2 BC 2 ) = 0
AB 2 + AC 2 BC 2 = 0
AB 2 + AC 2 = BC 2
AB 2 + AC 2 = BC 2
51
ABC
AB 2 AC 2 = 0
AB 2 + AC 2 = BC 2
AB 2 = AC 2
AB = AC
AB AC

3
y
x
z
x
y
z
=
1+ x 1+ y 1+ z 1+ x 1+ y 1+ z
=
=
=
x (1 + y )(1 + z ) y (1 + x )(1 + z ) z (1 + x )(1 + y )

(1 + x )(1 + y )(1 + z )
x + xz + xy + xyz y yz xy xyz z yz xz xyz
(1 + x )(1 + y )(1 + z )
x y z 2 yz xyz
(1 + x )(1 + y )(1 + z )
x< y+z
x yz <0
z>0
2 yz xyz < 0
y>0
x>0
( 1 + x )(1 + y )(1 + z ) > 0
x y z 2 yz xyz
<0
(1 + x )(1 + y )(1 + z )
x
y
z
<
+
1+ x 1+ y 1+ z
4
( EB ) ( AD )
( EB ) ( AC )
= 180 AIF
CIE
= 180 AFI
)
BFD
= 180 AFI
BFD
+ E + C = 180
CIE
= 180 AIF
)
CIE
+ AIF
= 180
A + AFI
A + D + B + E + C = 180
52
= D + B
AFI
CEI
= E + C
AIF
:
:
AFI
:
:
+ E + C = 180
180 AIF
(
(
DFB
+ D + B = 180
180 AFI
(
(
+ D + B = 180
BFD
+ BFD
= 180
AFI
+ CIE
= 180
AIF
:
:
3 2 1

1
x
x y
( :
x + 2 y = 3 xy
x
y
ABC
] [ BC
3
x
-1
-2
xy
x+ y

x+ y
4
xy
xz
zy
x+ y+ z
+
+

x+ y x+ z z+ y
2
4
EFG
EF + FG 2 EG
53
%
1
:
x + 2 y = 3 xy
x + 2 y 3 xy
=
y
y
xy
x
+2=3
y
y2
x
xy
+2=3 2
y
y
x
x
+2=3
y
y
x
x
3
+2=0
y
y
x
x
2
y
y

x x
2
y y

x
x
1 = 0
y
x
+2=0
y
x
2 = 0 :
y
x
1 = 0 :
y
x
2=0
y
x
=1
y
x
=2
y
= 1
y
x
= 1
y
x
1
y
:
:
2
= 2
x
=4 :
y
x
y
x
=4
y
54
] [ BC
) ( ) ( D
) ( D ) (
ABC
) ( PE
) ( AC ) = ( D

] [ AC
ABC
)
P
] [ BC ) ( D ) = ( AC
] [ AB
) ( CF
2
ABC
) ( PF
) ( = ) ( AB

) ( BE
] [ BC ) ( ) = ( AB
ABC
(
ABC
) ( PG ] [ BC
3
55
: -1
2
xy
x + y 4 xy ( x + y )
4 xy x 2 2 xy y 2 2 xy x 2 y 2 ( x y )
=
=
=
=
0
4
4( x + y)
4( x + y)
4( x + y)
4( x + y)
x+ y
xy
x+ y
x+ y
4
x+ y
xy
x+ y 4
z+ y
xy
xz
zy
x+ y x+ z z+ y
zy
+
+
+
+
:
: 1 -2
z
+
y
4
x+ y x+ z z+ y
4
4
4
xz
x+ z
4
x+ z
2( x + y + z)
xy
xz
zy
xy
xz
zy
2x + 2 y + 2z
+
+
:
+
+
:
x+ y x+ z z+ y
4
x+ y x+ z z+ y
4
xy
xz
zy
x+ y+ z
:
+
+
x+ y x+ z z+ y
2
4
F
EG 2 = EF 2 + FG 2
2 EG
: ( EF + FG )2 (
( EF + FG )
EFG
2 EG
= EF 2 + FG 2 + 2 EF FG 2 EG 2
= EF 2 + FG 2 + 2 EF FG 2 EG 2
= EF 2 + FG 2 + 2 EF FG 2 ( EF 2 + FG 2 )
= EF 2 + FG 2 + 2 EF FG 2 EF 2 2 FG 2
= 2 EF FGG EF 2 FG 2
= ( EF 2 2 EF FG + FG 2 )
2
= ( EF FG ) 0
( EF + FG )
2 EG
EF + FG 2 EG
56
:
:

1
3
x y .
x3 + y 3
x+ y
2
2
2
:

'O
) ( OA ) ( OB

]' [ NO
3
x
xy + yz + zx = 0
x+ y y+ z x+ z
+
+
= 3
z
x
y
57
%
1
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
) x + y ) x3 + y 3 ( x + y ) ( x + y ) 4 ( x + y
(
x+ y x + y
=

2
23
2
23
4 2
2
3
2
2
3
x + 3 x y + 3 xy + y 4 x3 + 4 y 3
=
8
8
3
2
2
3
3 x + 3 x y + 3 xy 3 y
=
8
3
2
) 3 ( x x y xy 2 + y 3
=
8
2
) ) 3 ( x ( x y ) y 2 ( x y
=
8
2
) 3 ( x y ) ( x y 2
=
8
) 3 ( x y )( x y )( x + y
=
8
2
) ( x y )2 0
) 3 ( x y ) ( x + y
x+ y 0
:
) ( D ) ( OB ) ( OA
:
58
'O
) ( O 'M ) ( OB
) ( D
O 'ON
]' [ NO

]' [OO ) ( ON
]' [ NO
3
) x + y y + z z + x xy ( x + y ) + yz ( y + z ) + xz ( z + x
+
+
=
z
x
y
xyz
xy ( x + y ) + xyz xyz + yz ( y + z ) + xyz xyz + xz ( z + x ) + xyz xyz
xyz
xy ( x + y + z ) xyz + yz ( y + z + x ) xyz + xz ( z + x + y ) xyz
=
=
xyz
xy 0 xyz + yz 0 xyz + xz 0 xyz
=
xyz
xyz xyz xyz
=
xyz
3 xyz
xyz
= 3
ACE
:
:
:
AE 2 = AC 2 + CE 2
AE 2 = 22 + 12 = 4 + 1 = 5
AE = 5
AC = DC
CE = DF

ACE = FDC
ACE
FDC
59
= FCD
CAE
+ HEC
+ HEC
= 180 90 = 90
= CAE
= 180 ACE
HCE
AE = CF = 5
+ HEC
= 180 HCE
= 180 90 = 90
CHE
H
S)
FHE
S=
FH
AHC
AH CH EH FH
+
2
2
EH
CH
AH
= CE = CH :
sin CAE
AE AC
= CA = AH
cos CAE
AE AC
FD
EH
=
sin FCD
=
FC EC
1 CH
:
=
2
5
2
AH
=
2
5
1
EH
=
1
5
2
CH =
:
5
4
AH =
5
1
EH =
5
2
3
FH = FC CH = 5
=
:
5
5
:
4
2
1
3
5+ 5
5
S= 5
2
2
4 3
= +
5 10
11
=
10
60

1
x
1 1 1
2
2
2
+ +
+
+
x y z x+ y y+ z x+ z
2
ABC
r
p
2

ABC
) S ABC
= S ABC
ABC
ABC
3
x
2 ( z 2 y 2 ) = 3x 2
4
ABC
P
F
P
] [ AB ] [ BC
] [CA .
6
ABC
61
%
1
x 2 xy + y 0
x+ y
x + y 2 xy
1
1
+
0
y
x
1
1 1
2
+ 0
x
xy y
(
1 1
1
+ 2 xy 2
xy
x y
( x + y)
1 1
1
+ 2
x y
xy
1 1
1
+ 2 2 xy
xy
x y
1 1 1 1 1 1
4
4
4
+ + + + +
+
+
x y y z x z x+ y y+z x+z
1 1
4
+
x z x+ z
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
+ +
+
+
1 1 1
2
2
2
2 + + 2
+
+
x y z
x+ y y+z x+z
62
1 1
1
1
x + y + 4
:
x+ y
x+ y
x y
( 3 ) 1 + 1 4 :
x y x+ y
1 1
4
+
:
y z y+z
( x + y)
:
:
1 1 1 1
2
1
2
2
2 + + 2
+
+
2
x y z 2
x+ y y+ z x+ z
1 1 1
2
2
2
+ +
+
+
:
r
[ AC ] [ AB ] [ BC ]
ABC
O
OF = OE = OD = r
:
:
S ABC = S AOC + S ABO + SOBC

AC OF AB OE BC OD
+
+
2
2
2
AC r AB r BC r
=
+
+
2
2
2
r
= ( AC + AB + BC )
2
=
p = AC + AB + BC
ABC
S ABC =
r
r
( AC + AB + BC ) = p
2
2
3
2 ( z 2 y 2 ) = 3x 2 0
z2 y2
63
z2 y2 0
:
:
y0
z0
x0
zy
2z 2 2 y2 = 2x2 + x2
2z 2 2x2 = 2 ( z 2 x2 ) = 2 y 2 + x2 0
z 2 x2
z0
z 2 x2 0
(
z
zx
2
:
:
1
4
AF 2 + CE 2 + BD 2
FC 2 + BE 2 + DA2
: : -
AF 2 + CE 2 + BD 2 = FC 2 + BE 2 + DA2
PAF
PBD
PCE
PBE
PCF
APD
PA2 = AD 2 + PD 2
2
2
2
PC = CF + PF
PB 2 = BE 2 + PE 2
2
2
2
PC = EC + PE
PB 2 = DB 2 + PD 2
PA2 = FA2 + PF 2
AD 2 = PA2 PD 2
2
2
2
CF = PC PF
BE 2 = PB 2 PE 2
2
2
2
EC = PC PE
DB 2 = PB 2 PD 2
FA2 = PA2 PF 2
:
FA2 + EC 2 + DB 2 = PA2 PF 2 + PC 2 PE 2 + PB 2 PD 2
= PA2 PD 2 + PC 2 PF 2 + PB 2 PE 2
= AD 2 + CF 2 + BE 2
64

1
x y z :
) x (1 x ) y (1 y ) z (1 z
+
+
6 :
xz
xy
x + y + z =1
yz
2

:
ABDC :
BD = R
) ( C
r = R 32 2
3
:
=8
x+2+ x
x + x2
4
x

x
y 1 1
+ 2 +
2
y
x
x y
65
%
1
( x y)
(
(
(
x 2 + y 2 2 xy
z ( x 2 + y 2 ) z 2 xy
x ( y 2 + z 2 ) 2 xyz
x 2 2 xy + y 2 0
z ( x 2 + y 2 ) 2 xyz
y ( x 2 + z 2 ) 2 xyz
z ( x 2 + y 2 ) + y ( x 2 + z 2 ) + x ( y 2 + z 2 ) 2 xyz + 2 xyz + 2 xyz
y + z = 1 x
x + z = 1 y
zx 2 + zy 2 + yx 2 + yz 2 + xy 2 + xz 2 6 xyz
x 2 ( y + z ) + y 2 ( x + z ) + z 2 ( y + x ) 6 xyz
x + y = 1 z
x + y + z =1
x 2 ( y + z ) + y 2 ( x + z ) + z 2 ( y + x ) = x 2 (1 x ) + y 2 (1 y ) + z 2 (1 z ) 6 xyz
1
1
( x 2 (1 x ) + y 2 (1 y ) + z 2 (1 z ) )
6 xyz
xyz
xyz
x 2 (1 x ) y 2 (1 y ) z 2 (1 z )
+
+
6 :
xyz
xyz
xyz
x (1 x ) y (1 y ) z (1 z )
+
+
6 :
yz
xz
xy
66
2
) ( AM ) ( AP ) ( C
( AM ) ( OM ) : ) ( AP ) ( OP
= APO
= 90
AMO
= 360 AMO
APO
MAP
POM
= 360 90 90 90 = 90
POM
= AMO
= 90
= APO
= MAP
POM
AO
AMOP
:
AMO
:
:
AO 2 = AM 2 + MO 2
AO 2 = r 2 + r 2 = 2r 2
AO = r 2 2 = r 2
AD
:
ABD
:
:
OP = OM
AD 2 = AB 2 + BD 2
AD 2 = R 2 + R 2 = 2 R 2
AD = R 2 2 = R 2
AD = AO + ON + ND
R 2 =r 2+r+R
R 2R =r 2+r
:
:
)
)2 1
2 +1
2 +1
( )
(R
=r
2 1 = r
67
:
R
r=
2 +1
R
2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1
2
( 2 ) 1
R ( 2 2 2 + 1)
=
2
= R 3 2 2
r = R 3 2 2
3
1
x + x2
1
x + x2
1
=8
x+2+ x
x x2
1
x+2 x
+
=8
x x2
x+2 + x
x+2 x
x x2
x+2 x
+
=8
x ( x 2)
x+2 x
x x2
x+2 x
+
=8
2
2
x x2 + x+2
2
(
x 2 2
=8
x2 + x+2 =8
x2 + x+2
= 82
( x 2 )( x + 2 ) + x + 2 = 64 :
2 x 2 x 2 4 = 64
2 x x 2 4 = 64
x x 2 4 = 32
x 2 4 = 32 x
68
x2 4
= ( 32 x )
x 2 4 = 1024 64x + x 2
x=
64 x = 4 + 1024
64 x = 1028
1028 257
=
64
16
4
:
x
y 1 1 x2 + y 2 y + x
+
+ = 2 2
y2 x2 x y
y x
xy
3
3
x +y
xy y + x
= 2 2
y x
xy
xy
x 3 + y 3 xy 2 + x 2 y
= 2 2
y x
x2 y2
=
x 3 + y 3 xy 2 x 2 y
x2 y 2
x2 ( x y ) y2 ( x y )
x2 y 2
=
=
( x y ) ( x2 y 2 )
x2 y 2
( x y )( x y )( x + y )
x2 y 2
2
( x y) ( x + y) 0
=
x2 y 2
y>0
x >0)
x2 y 2 > 0
( x + y ) > 0 ( x y )2 0
x
y 1 1
+ 2 +
2
y
x
x y
69

1
x
y>x
) x 2 + y 2 + ( xy ) = ( x 2 + y
2
x
x >1
y >1
y x 1 + x y 1 xy
) (
4
DGFE
:
A
DG = 8cm
] [ DE ] [ EF

70
%
1

y>x
y = x +1
:
2
)x 2 + y 2 + ( xy ) = x 2 + y 2 + ( x ( x + 1) ) = x 2 + y 2 + x 2 ( x + 1
)= x 2 + y 2 + x 2 ( x 2 + 2 x + 1
= x2 + y 2 + x4 + 2 x3 + x2
= x 4 + y 2 + 2 x 2 + 2 x3
) = x 4 + y 2 + 2 x 2 (1 + x
2
= ( x2 ) + y 2 + 2 x2 y
+ y ) = ( x2 ) + y 2 + 2 x2 y
(x
) x 2 + y 2 + ( xy ) = ( x 2 + y
2

:
:
:
:
x >1
2
x 1 > 0
x 1 1 0
(
2
x 1 2 x 1 +1 0
2 x 1 x
xy
2
y x 1
1
1
) 2 x 1 ( x
2
2
xy
2
x
2
x 1
y >1
x y 1
2
x 1 2 x 1 + 1 0
2 xy
2
y x 1 + x y 1
y x 1 + x y 1 xy
3
71
- ) ( C1
OA
- ) ( C2
OA
) ( C1 ) ( C2 - ) ( C3
CB
) ( C3 ) ( C1 ) ( C2

H
F
O
A
S ADC
ADC
72
DEB
DGA
DG = DE
AD = EB

ADG = DEB
= DBE
DAG
DEB
( DC ) ( AG )
DAC
DGA
S ADC =
DA DG
2 AG 2
S ADC
S ADC =
64 4
2 (16 + 64 )
S ADC =
= DEB
= 90
DCA
DC AG = DA DG
DA2
AG
DC =
S ADC =
43 8
2 ( 4 2 + 82 )
S ADC =
S DAG S DBG = S DAC + S DCG S BCG S DCG
DC AC
2
ADG
DA3 DG
2 ( AD 2 + DG 2 )
512
= 3.2
160
S BCG
S DAG = S DAC + S DCG
S BCG = S DAC + S DBG S DAG
DA DG
AG
BCG
S DBG = S BCG + S DCG
88 48
2
2
S ADC =
S BCG = 5 +
DA2 = AC AG
DA DG DA2
AG
AG
=
2
AG 2 = AD 2 + DG 2
AC =
3
= DAC
= DBE
DAG
= EDB
ADC
DAC
S DAG S DBG = S DAC S BCG
DE DG DA DG
2
2
S BCG = 5 +
S BCG = 21
S BCG = 5 + 32 16
:
BCG
+ ADC
S ADC + S BCG = 3.2 + 21 = 24.2
73

1
x
y z
=
x y
x2 y2 + z 2
= y4
x 2 y 2 z 2
2
:
EFG
EF = 8cm EG = 6cm
FG = 10cm
) ( C1 ) ( C2 ) ( C3
EFG
-1 ) ( C2
-2 ) ( C1
3
x
x
z
y
3
+
+
y+z x+ y x+z 2
4
x
y2 +1 = 1
)( y +
x2 + 1
(x +
x+ y =0
74
%
1
z = yt
y = xt
y z
= = t :
x y
y z
= = t :
x y
z = xt 2
y = xt
:
:
x 2 ( xt ) + ( xt 2 )
x2 y 2 + z 2
=
x 2 y 2 z 2 x 2 ( xt )2 ( xt 2 )2
x 2 x 2t 2 + x 2t 4
= 2
x x 2 t 2 x 2 t 4
x 2 (1 t 2 + t 4 )
= 2
x (1 t 2 t 4 )
1 t2 + t4
1 1
1 2 4
t t
4
2
t t +1
= x4 4 2
t t +1
t4
4
2
4 4 t t +1
=xt 4 2
t t +1
= x2 x2
= ( xt ) = y 4
x2 y2 + z 2
= y4
2
2
2
x y z
2
: ( C2 ) -1
D
( C2 ) ( EF )
( EF ) ( DN )
D
75
DNF
FN 2 = FD 2 + DN 2
FD 2 = FN 2 DN 2
) ( GF ) ( C2
) ( GF ) ( IN
INF
FN 2 = FI 2 + IN 2
FI 2 = FN 2 IN 2
DN = IN
2
FD 2 = FI 2
FI = FD
FI = 8 DE
:
:
(
)
GI = 6 EK
FG 2 = 102 = 100
EF 2 + EG 2 = 82 + 6 2 = 64 + 36 = 100
= E = EDN
= EKN
= 90
DNK
DE = EK
GI = 6 DE
:
7
2 DE + 14 = 10
2 DE = 4
DN = IN
DNKE
FG = FI + GI = 5
EFG
E = 90
= 360 EDN
EKN
E = 360 90 90 90 = 90
DNK
FI + GI = 8 DE + 6 DE = 10
76
:
4
=2
2
= DE
-2 ) : ( C1

FND
:
:
FN 2 = ( FE DE ) + DN 2
FN 2 = ( 8 2 ) + 2 2
FN 2 = 36 + 4 = 40
FN = 2 10
FN 2 = DF 2 + DN 2
= 360 90 90 90 = 90
= 360 MJD
JDC
DCM
CMJ
= 90
= MJD
= JDC
= DCM
CMJ
CM = JD
NJ = DN DJ = 2 CM

:
:
:
:
9
FDN
MN = CM + 2
+ FDN
+ FND
= 180
DFN
= 180 90 FND
= 90 FND
DFN
MNJ
+ MJN
+ MNJ
= 180
NMJ
= 180 MJN
MNJ
NMJ
= 180 90 FND
= 90 FND
NMJ
10
10
= NMJ
DFN
= sin NMJ
sin DFN
DN
NJ
=
FN NM
2
2 CM
=
2 10 CM + 2
2CM + 4 = 4 10 2 10CM
CMJD
= 180 FDN
FND
DFN
) ( DN
77
2CM + 2 10CM = 4 10 4
) (
2CM 1 + 10 = 2 2 10 2
CM =
2 10 2
1 + 10
:
:
:
3
2
x+ y
1 0
y+z
: x + y 2 x + y + 1 0
y+z
y+z
x + y 2
1
1
x+ y
+ 1
2
x + y y + z
x+ y
y+z
y+z
y+z
x+ y
1
1
x+ y
2
+
y+ z x+ y
y+z
x+ y
y+z
y+z
x+ y
x+ y
+1 2
y+z
y+z
(
(
)
3
x+ y y+ z
+
2
y+ z x+ y
x+z y+z
+
2 :
y+z x+z
x+ y x+ z
+
2
x+ z x+ y
x+ y y+ z x+ z y+ z x+ y x+ z
+
+
+
+
+
2+2+2
y+ z x+ y y+ z x+ z x+ z x+ y
x+ y x+ z y+ z x+ z y+ z x+ y
+
+
+
+
+
2 + 2 + 2 :
y+ z y+ z x+ y x+ y x+ z x+ z
2x + y + z 2z + x + y 2 y + x + z
+
+
6 :
y+z
x+ y
x+z
2x
y+z
2z
x + y 2y
x+ z
+
+
+
+
+
6 :
y+ z y+ z x+ y x+ y x+ z x+ z
2x
2z
2y
2x
2z
2y
+
+
+ 3 6 :
+1+
+1+
+ 1 6 :
y+z x+ y x+z
y+z
x+ y
x+z
x
1 x
z
y 1
z
y
2
+
+
+
+
3 : 2
6 3 :
2 y+ z x+ y x+ z 2
y+z x+ y x+z
x
z
y
3
+
+
:
y+ z x+ y x+ z 2
78
( x + x + 1)( y +
x +1
( x + x + 1 )( y +
x +1
x ( x + 1)
( y +
x x +1
2
x
x
) :
+ 1 ) = 1 :
y2 +1 = 1
y2
x2 x2 1
2
x x +1
y2 + 1 = 1
(
( y +
) :
+1)
= 1 :
y + y2 +1 = 1
y2
x x2 + 1
y y2 + 1 = x x2 + 1
(x +
)(
)( y +
y
+1)
y
x2 + 1
x + x2 + 1 y + y 2
(x +
y2
x2 + 1
y2 +1 = 1
y2 +1
=1
=1
=1
y2 +1
y2 +1
y y2 +1
x + x2 + 1
y2 y2 1
y y2 +1
x + x2 + 1
y y2 +1
) = 1 :
x x2 + 1 = y y 2 + 1
(
2( x + y) =
x2 + 1
y2 +1 +
y2 +1
x2 + 1
x + y = x2 + 1 y 2 + 1
y2 + 1 x2 + 1
x+ y =
2( x + y) = 0
x+ y =0
79
:
:

1
x
3 9 4
+
+ 13
x 2y z
x + 2 y + 3 z 20
x+ y+ z+
EGDF
S = 10cm 2
P = 2 41cm
.
) ( C1
) ( C1
3
x
= y 2 + x2 + z 2
1 1 1
+ + =0
x y z
)( y + x + z
4
x
x y
x 2 = 2016 + y
y 2 = 2016 + x
xy
80
%
1
:
x+ y+ z+
3 9 4 4x 2 y 4z 3 9 4
+
+ =
+
+
+ +
+
x 2y z 4
2
4 x 2y z
3x + x y + y 3z + z 3 9 4
=
+
+
+ +
+
4
2
4
x 2y z
3x x y y 3 z z 3 9 4
=
+ + + + + + +
+
4 4 2 2 4 4 x 2y z
x+ y+ z+
3 9 4 3x 3 y 9 z 4 x + 2 y + 3z
+
+ = + + +
+ + +
4
x 2y z 4 x 2 2y 4 z
3x
3
+
0
4
x
3x
3x
3 3
+2
+ 0
4
4
x x
3x 3
3x
3
+ 2
:
4 x
4
x
y 9
y
9
:
+
2
2 2y
2
2y
3x
3x
3 3
+ 2
0
4
x x
4
z 4
z
4
+ 2
4 z
4
z
4 3
y
3x
3
9
3z
4
3x 3 y 9 z 4
+2
+2
+ + 2
+ + +
4
x
2
2y
4
z
4 x 2 2y 4 z
=2
y
3x 3
9
z 4
+2
+2
4
2 2y
x
4 z
3
3
= 2 + 2 + 2
2
2
( 5 ) 3x + 3 + y + 9 + z + 4 8
4 x 2 2y 4 z
81
x + 2 y + 3 z 20
3 9 4 3x 3 y 9 z 4 x y 3z
20
+
+ = + + +
+ + + + + 8+
x 2y z 4 x 2 2y 4 z 4 2 4
4
3 9 4
x+ y+ z+ +
+ 13 :
x 2y z
x+ y+ z+
2
:
P = 4 EG = 2 41
2 41
41
=
4
2
:
)
S EGDF
= EG
1
S EGDF = ED FG = 10
2
EGDF
ED FG = 10 2 = 20
) ( C1
) ( EF
( EF ) ( AH ) :
[ AH ] :
EAF
AH EF = AE AF
AE AF
EF
ED FG
2 41
) (
= AH
= AH
) : ( C1
ED FG
2
AH = 2
EF
ED FG
= AH
41
4
2
20
2 41
= AH
10
41 10 41
=
41
41
41
= AH
S( C1 ) = AH 2
10 41
2
= 3.14
= 7.65cm
41
) S( C1
3
82
xyz xyz xyz

+
+
=0
x
y
z
1 1 1
+ + = 0 :
x y z
1 1 1
xyz + + = xyz 0 :
x y z
yz + xz = xy
xy
+z
z
( y + x + z)
y+x=
xy
z
xy
=
+ z
z
( y + x + z)
2
xy xy
= = ( y + x)
z z
xy
= 2 xy + z 2
z
:
:
= ( y + x ) 2 xy + z 2
= y 2 + 2 xy + x 2 2 xy + z 2
( y + x + z)
( y + x + z)
yz + xz + xy = 0
z ( y + x ) = xy
y+ x+ z =
( y + x + z)
= y 2 + x2 + z 2
4
x 2 = 2016 + y
x 2 y 2 = 2016 + y 2016 x
y 2 = 2016 + x
( x y )( x + y ) = ( x y ) :
( x y)
x+ y =
= 1 :
( x y)
x y
( x + y)
= ( 1)
x 2 + 2 xy + y 2 = 1
y + 2016 + 2 xy + x + 2016 = 1
( x + y ) + 2032 + 2 xy = 1 :
x + y = 1
1 + 2032 + 2 xy = 1
2 xy = 2030
xy = 2015
83

1
x
x+ y+ z =3
y
3
x
z
+
+
y+z x+z x+ y 2
2
1
99 + 100
+
99
1
98 +
+ LL +
4
1
3+
1
+
2+ 3
+
2
1+
=A
3
u- 1
) 3 ( u 2 + v 2 + w2
-2
)( u + v + w
6x +1 + 6 y +1 + 6z +1 3 3
x + y + z =1
4
ABC
BC = 15cm
AB = 13cm
AC = 14cm
ABC
84
%
1
2
x 1 0
:
:
( )
)
x + 1) ( x 2 ) 0
( )
(x 2
x x + 3 x 2 0
x (3 x ) 2
(
(
x 1 x 2 0 x 2
( ) 12
2
) x (3 x
) (
x
y
y
x+ z 2
z
z
x+ y 2
x x 2 x + 2x + 4 x x 2 0
x 20
1
1
x (3 x ) 2
:
x
x
y+z 2
y
x
z
x y z
+
+
+ +
y+ z x+ z x+ y 2 2 2
y
x
z
x+ y+ z
+
+
y+ z x+ z x+ y
2
y
x
z
3
+
+
y+ z x+ z x+ y 2
2

1
1
1
1
1
+
+
+LL+
+
1+ 2 2 + 3 3 + 4
98 + 99 99 + 100
1 1 2
1
2 3
1
3 4
1
98 99
1
99 100
+LL+
1+ 2 1 2 2 + 3 2 3 3 + 4 3 34
98 + 99 98 99 99 + 100 99 100
=A
=
1 2 2 3 3 4
98 99 99 100
+
+
+LL+
+
1 2
2 3
3 4
9899
99 100
1 2 2 3 3 4
98 99 99 100
=
LL
1
1
1
1
1
=1+ 2 2 + 3 3 + 4 LL 98 + 99 99 + 100
=1+ 100 =1+10 = 9
85
3
3 ( u 2 + v 2 + w2 ) ( u + v + w )
: -1

:
2
3 ( u 2 + v 2 + w2 ) ( u + v + w ) = 3u 2 + 3v 2 + 3w2 ( ( u + v ) + w )
= 3u 2 + 3v 2 + 3w2 ( u + v ) 2 ( u + v ) w w2
= 3u 2 + 3v 2 + 3w2 u 2 2uv v 2 2uw 2vw w2
= 2u 2 + 2v 2 + 2w2 2uv 2uw 2vw
= u 2 2uv + v 2 + u 2 2uw + w2 + v 2 2vw + w2
2
= ( u v ) + (u w) + ( v w) 0
( u + v + w)
w = 6z + 1
6x +1 + 6 y +1 + 6z +1
(
(
x + y + z =1
v = 6 y +1
2
3 ( u 2 + v 2 + w2 )
u = 6x +1
3 ( 6 x + 1 + 6 y + 1 + 6 z + 1)
6x +1 + 6 y +1 + 6z +1
: -2
: 1
3 ( 6 ( x + y + z ) + 3)
6x +1 + 6 y +1 + 6z +1
3 ( 6 1 + 3) = 27
6x +1 + 6 y + 1 + 6z +1
27
6x + 1 + 6 y +1 + 6z +1 3 3
:
:
:
86
ADB
:
:
AD 2 = AB 2 DB 2
ADC
AB 2 = AD 2 + DB 2
:
:
AD 2 = AC 2 DC 2
AC 2 = AD 2 + DC 2
AD 2 = AB 2 DB 2 = AC 2 DC 2
( DB DC )( DB + DC ) = AB 2 AC 2 :
DB 2 DC 2 = AB 2 AC 2
( DB DC ) AC = AB 2 AC 2 : ( DB DC ) 15 = 132 142 :
169 196
15
= DB DC
BD + DC = 15
BD + ( DB + 1,8 ) = 15
AD 2 = AB 2 DB 2
AD = 11, 2
S ABC = S AOB + SOBC + S AOC
13 R 15 R 14 R
+
+
2
2
2
DB DC = 1,8
2 BD = 15 1,8
AD 2 = 132 6.62
= 84
DC = DB + 1,8
BD = 6, 6
AD = 169 43,56
13 15 14
84 = R + +
2 2 2
84 = R 21
R = 4cm
ABC
:
1
1
AD BC R 2 = 11, 2 15 3,14 42
2
2
= 84 50, 24
= 33, 76cm 2
33, 76cm 2
87
%
1
x
x >1
y >1
z >1
1 1 1
1
xyz + + + > y + x + z +
z x y
xyz
2
:
)( ( D) / /
A + B + D = 360
3
x
< 4 xz
)( x + z y
4
x
1
x
1
=7
x2
x2 +
x+
88
% %
1
y < 1
y >1
1
> 1
y
1
> 1
y
1
x >0
y
1
x + > 1 + ( 1)
y
x >1
(
(
1
>0
z
1
z >0
x
y
1
1
1
x y z > 0 : 3 2 1
y
z
x
x
1
1
1
1 1
1
xyz y x + z + +
> 0 : xy 1 + z > 0 :
z
x y xyz
z
yz
x
1 1 1
xyz + + + y + x + z +
z x y
1 1 1
xyz + + + > y + x + z +
z x y
1
> 0 :
xyz
1
:
xyz
89
) ( ( D ) / / ) ( K
'S = A
S = A ' = 180 A
B ' = 180 B
D ' = 180 D
180
S+ B '+ D ' = 180

180 A + 180 B + 180 D = 180 :
A + B + D = 180 + 180 + 180 180
A + B + D = 360
3
: ( x + z y )2 4 xz
2
4 xz = ( ( x + z ) y ) 4 xz
)( x + z y
= ( x + z ) 2 ( x + z ) y + y 2 4 xz
= x 2 + 2 xz + z 2 2 xy + 2 yz + y 2 4 xz
) = x 2 + z 2 + y 2 2 ( xy + yz + xz
x+ y > z
z ( x + y) > z z
) (
xz + yz > z 2
)
(
yz + xy > y 2
z>0
xy + xz > x 2
)
)
:
xz + yz + yz + xy + xy + xz > z 2 + y 2 + x 2
2 ( xy + yz + xz ) > x 2 + y 2 + z 2
90
4 xz = x 2 + z 2 + y 2 2 ( xy + yz + xz ) 0
< 4 xz
)( x + z y
)(x + z y
4
:
1
x
1
1
y = x+
= x+2+ x
x
1
y2 2 = x +
x
2
2
1
2
y
2
=
x
+
(
) x
2
( y 2 2 ) = x 2 + 2 + x12 = 7 + 2 = 9
y= x+
2
:
:
:
( y 2 ) 9 = 0 :
( y 2 + 3)( y 2 3) = 0 :
( y + 1)( y 5 ) = 0 :
2
y2 + 1 = 0
y 2 = 1
y2 5 = 0
( y 5 )( y + 5 ) = 0
y 5 =0
y= 5
1
>0
x
y+ 5 =0
y= 5
y= x+
1
= 5
x
y= x+
91

1
x
x >1
2x2 + 2
20
=x
14 x + 1 = x 2
2
:
CDEF
2cm
)' ( C
1cm
) ( C
'O
r = 3 2 2
3
x
x+ y+z 0
x2
y2
z2
+
+
=0
y+ z x+ z x+ y
x
y
z
+
+
=1
y+z x+z x+ y
4
EFG E
EF 3 + EG 3 < FG 3 :
92
%
1
x
(
=
2 x2 + 2
202
200 x 2 = x 4 + 2 x 2 + 1
x2 =
2x2 + 2
x =
20
2 ( x 4 + 2 x 2 + 1)
2
2x2 + 2
20
2x4 + 4x2 + 2
400
196 x 2 + 4 x 2 = x 4 + 2 x 2 + 1
2 200
196 x 2 = x 4 2 x 2 + 1
14 x = x 2 1
x=
x2 =
: ( 14 x )2 = ( x 2 1) :
2
14 x + 1 = x 2
2
x2
y2
z2
+
+
=0
y+ z x+ z x+ y
x2
y2
z2
+
+
+ ( x + y + z) = 0 + ( x + y + z)
y+z x+z x+ y
x2
y2
z2
+
x
+
+
y
+ z = ( x + y + z)

+
y+z
x+ z
x+ y
2
2
2
x + x ( y + z) y + y ( x + z) z + z ( x + y)
+
+
= (x + y + z)
y+z
x+z
x + yz
x( x + y + z) y( x + y + z) z ( x + y + z)
+
+
= ( x + y + z)
y+z
x+ z
x+ y
x
y
z
+
+
( x + y + z)
= (x + y + z)
y+ z x+ z x+ y
x
1
y
z
1
x+ y+z
+
+
x+ y+ z
=
x+ y+ z
y+z x+z x+ y x+ y+z
x
y
z
+
+
=1 :
y+z x+z x+ y
:
:
:
:
3
OO ' = OL + LO '
KO ' = JD r
OK = 1 r
93
OK = OJ KJ
OO ' = 1 + r
KO ' = 1 r
OKO '
:
OO '2 = OK 2 + O'K 2
(1 + r )
= (1 r ) + (1 r )
(1 + r )
= 2 (1 r )
1 + r = 2 (1 r )
r 1+ 2 = 2 1
1 + r = 2 (1 r )
r + 2r = 2 1
:
r=
2 1 1 2 2 1
=
1 2
1+ 2 1 2
r = 2 2 2 +1 = 3 2 2
2 1
4
E EFG
EF 2 + EG 2 = FG 2 :
EF 3 + EG 3 FG 3 < 0 :
EF 3 + EG 3 FG 3 = EF 2 EF + EG 2 EG FG 2 FG
= EF 2 EF + EG 2 EG ( EF 2 + EG 2 ) FG
= EF 2 EF + EG 2 EG EF 2 FG EG 2 FG
= EF 2 ( EF FG ) + EG 2 ( EG FG ) < 0
( EG < FG EF < FG )
EF 3 + EG 3 < FG 3 :
94

1
x
x0
( :
x
1
=
x +1 3
2
x3
1
=
6
5
4
3
2
x + x + x + x + x + x + 1 29
2
a
-1
-2 :

a
b
c
+
+
<2
b+c c+a a+b
a+bc + b+ca 2 b
-3 :
a +bc + b+c a + a +c b a + b + c
3
x
xyz
2
= xy + yz + zx
1
1
1
1
+
+
<
2+ x 2+ y 2+ z 2
4
x
x 2 xy + y 2 1
=
x 2 + xy + y 2 3
x
y
95
%
1
:
x3
=
x 6 + x 5 + x 4 + x3 + x 2 + x + 1
x3
1 1 1
x3 x 3 + x 2 + x + 1 + + 2 + 3
x x
x
1
=
1
1
1
1 + x + + x 2 + 2 + x3 + 3
x
x
x
:
1
1
x+
x
1
3
x
1
x x+
x
1
3
x+
1
x
x
1
=
x +1 3
1
=3
x
x+
:
1
x +2+ 2 = 9
x
2
2
x+ =3
x
1

x2
1
x + = 3 :
x
1
x 2 + 2 = 7 :
x
x2 +
1

x3
1
1
2
x + 1
x + 2 = 3 7 x + = 3 :
x
x
x
1
1
x3 + 3 = 18 : x3 + 3 + 3 = 21 :
x
x
1
1
x3 + + x + 3 = 21
x
x
x3 +
:
96
x3
=
x 6 + x 5 + x 4 + x3 + x 2 + x + 1
1
1
1
1 + x + + x2 + 2 + x3 + 3
x
x
x
1
=
1 + 3 + 7 + 18
x3
1
=
6
5
4
3
2
x + x + x + x + x + x + 1 29
2
: -1
a
b
c
2a
2b
2c
+
+
=
+
+
b + c c + a a + b 2 (b + c ) 2 ( c + a ) 2 ( a + b )
=
2a
2b
2c
+
+
(b + c ) + (b + c ) ( c + a ) + ( c + a ) ( a + b ) + ( a + b)

b + c + (b + c ) > a + b + c
b+c > a
c+a >b
c + a + (c + a) > b + c + a
a + b + ( a + b) > c + a + b
a+b > c
1
1
<
b + c + (b + c) a + b + c
1
1
<
c + a + (c + a) b + c + a
1
1
<
a + b + ( a + b) c + a + b
2a
2a
<
b + c + (b + c) a + b + c
2b
2b
<
c + a + (c + a) b + c + a
2c
2c
<
a + b + ( a + b) c + a + b
:
:
a
b
c
2a
2b
2c
+
+
=
+
+
b + c c + a a + b (b + c ) + (b + c ) ( c + a ) + (c + a ) ( a + b ) + ( a + b )
<
b+ca > 0
c+ a b > 0
2 a+b+c
2a
2b
2c
+
+
=
=2
a+b+c b+c+a c+a+b
a+b+c
a+bc > 0
z =b+ca >0
b+c > a
c+a >b
y = c + a b > 0
y + z = 2c
x+ z = 2 b
: -2
a+b > c
x = a+bc > 0
x + z = 2b
x + y = 2a
a+bc + b+ca = x + z
x + z 2 x+z
2( x + z)
97
x+ z
= 2x + 2z x 2 x z z = x 2 x z + z =
x z
:
:
:
)
)z
x+ z
x+
(
(
)2( x + z
)2(x + z
x + z 2 x+z
a+bc + b+ca 2 b
-3 :
:
a+bc + b+ca 2 b
b+c a + c + ab 2 c
c +a b + a +bc 2 a
2 a+bc +2 b+ca +2 c +a b 2 b + 2 c + 2 a
b+ c+ a
( )
a +bc + b+c a + c+a b 2
a + b c + b + c a + a + c b a + b + c :
3
:
:
:
:
xyz
2
xy + yz + zx 1
=
xyz
2
xy
yz
zx 1
+
+
=
xyz xyz xyz 2
1 1 1 1
= + +
) 1
z x y 2
= xy + yz + zx
2>0
2> xx
2+ x > x
1
1
<
2+ x x
(
1
1
( 3 ) 1 <1
<
2+ z z
2+ y y
1
1
1
1 1 1
+
+
< + +
4 :
2+ x 2+ y 2+ z x y z
98

1
1
1
1
+
+
<
2+ x 2+ y 2+ z 2
4
x 2 xy + y 2 1
= :
x 2 + xy + y 2 3
x
y
xy 1 +
x 1
y
= :
x
y 3
xy + 1 +
x
y
x
y
1+
y
x 1
= :
x
y 3
+1+
y
x
x
k=
:
y
1
k 1+
k = 1 :
1 3
k +1+
k
2
k k +1
1
k
= :
2
k + k +1 3
k
2
k k +1
k
1
2
= :
k + k +1 3
k
k2 k +1 1
=
k 2 + k +1 3
k 2 + k + 1 = 3k 2 3k + 3
2k 2 4k + 2 = 0
k 2 2k + 1 = 0
k 1 = 0
2 ( k 2 2k + 1) = 0
( k 1)
:
:
=0
k =1
x
=1
y
99
3k 2 3k + 3 k 2 k 1 = 0

1
x
x + y + z = 1
2
2
2
x + y + z = 3
x3 + y3 + z 3 = 5
1
= xyz
3
2
X = 12 22 + 32 42 + ..... + 992 100 2
Y = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ...... + 99 + 100
X +Y = 0
3
:
) C1 ( M , a
) ( :
) C2 ( N , c
) C3 ( P, b
1
1
1
=
+
c
b
a
4
a
. ( a + b c )( a + c b )( b + c a ) abc
100
%
1
x + y + z =1
(x + y + z)
= 13
2
( x + y + z ) ( x + y + z ) = 1 :
+ y 2 + z 2 + 2 xy + 2 xz + 2 yz ) ( x + y + z ) = 1
x3 + y 3 + z 3 + 3 x 2 y + 3 x 2 z + 3 y 2 x + 3 y 2 z + 3 z 2 x + 3 z 2 y + 6 xyz = 1
x3 + y 3 + z 3 + 3 x 2 ( y + z ) + 3 y 2 ( x + z ) + 3z 2 ( x + y ) + 6 xyz = 1
(x
x + z = 1 y
y + z = 1 x
x + y = 1 z
x + y + z =1
x3 + y 3 + z 3 + 3x 2 (1 x ) + 3 y 2 (1 y ) + 3z 2 (1 z ) + 6 xyz = 1
x3 + y 3 + z 3 + 3 x 2 + 3 y 2 + 3 z 2 3 x 3 3 y 3 3 z 3 + 6 xyz = 1
x 3 + y 3 + z 3 + 3 ( x 2 + y 2 + z 2 ) 3 ( x 3 + y 3 + z 3 ) + 6 xyz = 1
x3 + y 3 + z 3 = 5
x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 3
5 + 3 3 3 5 + 6 xyz = 1
1 + 6 xyz = 1
xyz =
2 1
=
6 3
2
X + Y = (12 22 + 32 42 + ..... + 992 1002 ) + (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ...... + 99 + 100 )
= (1 + 1) + ( 2 22 ) + ( 3 + 32 ) + ( 4 42 ) + ... + ( 99 + 992 ) + (100 1002 )
= 2 + ( 2 (1 2 ) ) + ( 3 (1 + 3) ) + ( 4 (1 4 ) ) + ... + ( 99 (1 + 99 ) ) + (100 (1 100 ) )
= 2 + ( 2 ( 1) ) + ( 3 ( 4 ) ) + ( 4 ( 3) ) + ... + ( 99 (100 ) ) + (100 ( 99 ) )
= 2 2 + 12 12 + ... + 9900 9900
=0
101
MAN
:
:
AN 2 = MN 2 MA2
2
2
( a + c ) ( a c ) :
) AN 2 = ( a + c ) ( a c
= AN
AN = 4ac = 2 ac
NDP
2
2
( c + b ) ( b c ) :
MFP
NP 2 = ND 2 + DP 2
2
) ND 2 = ( c + b ) ( b c
= ND
ND = 4cb = 2 cb
a 2 + 2ac + c 2 a 2 + 2ac c 2
= AN
:
ND 2 = NP 2 DP 2
MN 2 = MA2 + AN 2
c 2 + 2cb + b 2 c 2 + 2cb b 2
= ND
:
MP 2 = MF 2 + PF 2
102
MF 2 = ( a + b ) ( b a )
MF =
a 2 + 2ab + b 2 b 2 + 2ab a 2
(
(
2 ab = 2 ac + 2 cb
MF 2 = MP 2 PF 2
2
2
( a + b ) ( b a ) :
MF =
MF = 4ab = 2 ab
MF = AD = AN + ND
1
1
2 ab =
2 ac + 2 cb :
2 abc
2 abc
1
1
1
:
=
+
c
b
a
4

b+c > a
b+ca > 0
z = c + a b > 0
2 xy x + y
c+a >b
c+ ab > 0
a+bc > 0
x 2 xy + y 0
x+ y x+z y+z
:
2
2
2
x+ y x+z y+z
:
xyz
2
2
2
x y
xy
x+ z
:
2
y+z
yz
2
xz
( xyz )
a+b > c
y = b + c a > 0 x = a +b c > 0
xy xz yz
x+ y
2
:
:
x+ y x+ z y+ z
2
2
2
:
:
( a + b c )( b + c a )( a + c b )
a +b c +b+ c a a+ b c +a+ c b b +c a + a +c b
2
2
2
2b 2 a 2c
:
( a + b c )( b + c a )( a + c b )
2
2
2
( a + b c )( b + c a )( a + c b ) abc :
103

1
x y z
( x + y )( x + z )( y + z ) 8 xyz :
2
:
13 + 23 + .... + 143 + 153 = 14400
23 + 43 + 63.... + 283 + 303
3
) ( D ) (

C1
C3
) C1 ( J ,30
C2
) C2 ( H ,18
O
) C3 ( I , r
C2
C3
4
:
2016 2015 2014 2013 + 1 4058209

=
4
2
104
%
1
2
2 x y 0
x + y 2 xy 0
x + y 2 xy
x + z 2 xz
x y
)) = ( x) +( y
y + z 2 yz
xy 2 xz 2 yz
) ) ( z ) ( y
( x + y )( x + z )( y + z ) 2
( ( x + y )( x + z )( y + z ) 8
( x + y )( x + z )( y + z ) 8 xyz :
2
:
23 + 43 + 63.... + 283 + 303
3
23 = ( 2 1) = 23 13
3
43 = ( 2 2 ) = 23 23
3
63 = ( 2 1) = 23 13
M
3
283 = (14 2 ) = 143 23

3
303 = (15 2 ) = 153 23
:
23 + 43 + 63.... + 283 + 303 = 23 13 + 23 23 + 23 33 + .... + 143 23 + 153 23
) = 23 (13 + 23 + .... + 143 + 153
= 8 14400
105
3
( ) ( D )
L
( C3 ) ( C2 ) ( C1 )
E
( IE ) ( ) ( HL ) ( ) ( JA) ( ) :
= sin HOL
= sin JOA
sin IOE
IE HL JA
=
=
OI OH OJ
:
:
r
18
30
=
=
OM + r OM + 2r + 18 OM + 2r + 2 18 + 30
r
18
30
=
=
OM + r OM + 2r + 18 OM + 2r + 66
r
18
: 1
=
OM + r OM + 2r + 18
r OM + 2r 2 + 18r = 18 OM + 18r
2r 2 = 18 OM r OM
2r 2 = OM (18 r )
18
30
=
OM + 2r + 18 OM + 2r + 66
OM =
2r 2
18 r
18 OM + 36r + 1188 = 30 OM + 60r + 540
30 OM 18 OM + 60r 36r = 1188 540
12 OM + 24r = 648
2r 2
12
+ 24r = 648
18 r
106
24r 2 + 432r 24r 2

= 648
18 r
432r = 11664 648r
1080r = 11664
r=
11664
= 10,8
1080
4
x = 2013
2016 2015 2014 2013 + 1
=
4
( x + 3) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 1) x + 1
4
x ( x + 3 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 1) + 1
4
(x
+ 3x ) ( x 2 + 3x + 2 ) + 1
4
t = x2 + 3x
2016 2015 2014 2013 + 1

=
4
=
=
=
(x
+ 3x ) ( x 2 + 3x + 2 ) + 1
4
t (t + 2) + 1
4
t 2 + 2t + 1
4
( t + 1)
t +1
2
x 2 + 3x + 1
=
2
20132 + 3 2013 + 1
=
2
4052169 + 6039 + 1 4058209
=
=
2
2
=
107

1
x
x y
x2 y 2
3 + 2 + 2 2 +
y
x
y x
2
a
x y
x ax + by y
y ay + bx x
3
-1
x y = 16 2
xy = 224
x+ y
-2 :
1 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
+ + +
+
+
+
+
+
4 28 70 130 208 304 418 550 700
=S
108
%
1
:
x y x2 y 2
x y
x2 y2
3 + 2 + 2 2 + = 2 + 2 + 2 2 + +1
y
x
x
y x y
y x
2
x y
x y
= + 2 + +1
y x
y x
2
x y
= + 1 0
y x
3+
x y
x2 y2
+ 2 2 +
2
y
x
y x
ay > 0
bx > 0
x y
x2 y2
( ay ) x2 ( ay ) y 2 ( bx ) x 2 ( bx ) y 2 :
bx3 bxy 2
bx3 + ( ax 2 y ) bxy 2 + ( ax 2 y )
ayx 2 ay 3
ayx 2 + ( bxy 2 ) ay 3 + ( bxy 2 )
xy ( ax + by ) y 2 ( ay + bx )
x 2 ( bx + ay ) xy ( by + ax )
1
1
1
1
xy ( ax + by ) 2 y 2 ( ay + bx ) 2 x 2 ( bx + ay ) 2 xy ( by + ax ) :
2
y
y
x
x
x
y
( ax + by ) ( ay + bx ) bx + ay ( by + ax ) :
y
x
y 1
1
1 x 1 :
x ax + by ay + bx
bx + ay y by + ax
y ax + by
ax + by x :
x ay + bx
bx + ay y
x ax + by y
:
y ay + bx x
3
109
x y = 16 2
( x y)
)
(
x 2 2 xy + y 2 + 4 xy = 512 + 896
: -1
= 16 2
x 2 2 xy + y 2 = 256 2 = 512
xy = 224
4 xy = 4 224 = 896
x 2 + 2 xy + y 2 = 1408
( x + y)
= 1408
x + y = 1408 = 2 352
:
:
:
-2
1 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
S= + +
+
+
+
+
+
+
14 47 710 1013 1316 1619 1922 2225 2528
1 41 1 74 1 107 1 1310 1 1613 1 1916 1 2219 1 2522 1 2825
= +
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
3 14 3 47 3 710 3 1013 3 1316 3 1619 3 1922 3 2225 3 2528
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
= 1 + + + + + + + +
3 4 3 4 7 3 7 10 3 10 13 3 13 16 3 16 19 3 19 22 3 22 25 3 25 28
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
= 1 + + + + + + + +
3 4 4 7 7 10 10 13 13 16 16 19 19 22 22 25 25 28
1 1
= 1
3 28
1 27
=
3 28
1 9 3
=
3 28
9
=
28
4
22
4
12
2
110
: -
2
=
2
: 2 12

1 2 1
= 1 2 1
4
4
4
= 1
2
2
=
2
2
: = ) - -
(
2 2

cm 2
=
2
2
2
cm 2
2
111
2
x
1
1
1
1 1 1 1
+ 2
+ 2
+ +
x + yz y + xz z + xy 2 yz xz xy
2
3
ABCD
S = 30cm 2
BD = 65
4
:
BAD
ABC
ACE
D E
DC = BE
112

1
:
S1
S2
: :
V
2
= S1
: :
V
3
V
S1 + S 2
6
h
5
V = S2 3
= S2
: :
V = S1 2
V
6
=V
5V
5V
6
=t
V
V V
+
2 3
V = ( S1 + S2 ) t
=t
=t
1h12 m in
2
2
x 2 2 x yz + yz 0
yz
1
1
x + yz 2 x yz
yz
yz
1
x + yz 2 xyz
yz
(x
:
x 2 + yz 2 x yz
1
1
x + yz 2 x yz
2
1
xz
y + xz 2 xyz
2
113
yz
xy
1
1
1
xz
+ 2
+ 2
+
+
x + yz y + xz z + xy 2 xyz 2 xyz 2 xyz
4
1
1
1
1 yz + xz + xy
+ 2
+ 2

x + yz y + xz z + xy 2
xyz
xy + xz + yz
(
(
x+ y x+ z y+ z
+
+
2
2
2
x+ z
xz
2
y+z
yz
2
1
1
1
1 yz + xz + xy
+
+

x 2 + yz y 2 + xz z 2 + xy 2
xyz
x 2 xy + y 0
x + y 2 xy
x+ y
xy
2
xy + xz + yz
8
x y
xy + xz + yz
xy
1
z + xy 2 xyz
2x + 2 y + 2z
2
2 ( x + y + z)
xy + xz + yz x + y + z
1 x+ y+z
2 xyz
: 8
y
1
1
1
1 x
z
+ 2
+ 2

+
+
x + yz y + xz z + xy 2 x yz x y z xy z
1
1
1
1 1 1 1
+ 2
+ 2
+ + :
2
x + yz y + xz z + xy 2 yz xz xy
2
3
B
AB 2 + AD 2 = BD 2
114
ABD
:
1
AB 2 + AD 2 =
= 65
S = 30cm 2
65
AB AD = 30
2 AB AD = 2 30
2 AB AD = 60
AB 2 + AD 2 + 2 AB AD = 65 + 60 = 125
( AB + AD )
= 125
AB + AD = 125 = 5 5
P = 2 ( AB + AD ) = 2 5 5 = 10 5cm
ACE
BAD
= BAC
+ CAE
= BAC
+ 60
BAE
= 60 )
BAD
= CAB
+ BAD
= CAB
+ 60
CAD
= 60
CAE
= CAD
BAE
CAD
BAE
= CAD
BAE
AE = AC
AB = AD
DC = BE
115
:
:

1
:
) ( C1
) ( C2
( DE ) .
) ( C1 DE = 7cm
2
x
:
1
4
x + y =1
xy
3
x
-1 :

1) xy
-2 :
(y
1) +
xy + yz + xz
2
) 1
(x
2
(z
1) +
(y
1) +
(x
4
-1
:
1
a2
a2 +
-2 :
1
a3
a3 +
1
a6
a6 +
1
=2
a
a+
1
a
a+
5555552 3333332 = 444444
116
%
1
) ( DE ) ( C1
) ( OF ) ( DE
) ( OF ) ( DE
:
DE 7
= = 3cm
2
2
OFE
OE = OD = R
) ( OF ] [ DE
= FD = FE
:
:
R 2 = r 2 + 3,52
R 2 r 2 = 12.25cm
OE 2 = OF 2 + FE 2
( = ) - ( C2 ) ( C1
) S = R2 r 2 = ( R2 r 2
S = ( R 2 r 2 ) = 3,14 12, 25 = 38, 465cm 2
117
2
:
( x + y )2 = 12 : :
x + y =1
x 2 + 2 xy + y 2 4 xy = 1 4 xy
x 2 + 2 xy + y 2 = 1
x 2 2 xy + y 2 = 1 4 xy
= 1 4 xy
)(x y
) ( ( x y )2 0 :
:
1 4 xy 0
1
4
1 4 xy
xy
3
:
1)( y 2 1) + 1 0
( x 1)( y 1) + 1 0 :
( x 1)( y 1) + 1 0 :
( x 1)( y 1) x y :
2
:
:
) x y
2
1) xy
(y
) 1
(y
1) +
(x
1)( y 2 1) + 2
x2 y 2 x2 y 2 + 1 + 2
x2 1 + y2 1 + 2
1) +
2
(x
(x
x2 y 2
1) +
(x
)
( z 1) + ( x 1) + ( z 1) xy + yz + xz
2 ( x 1) + 2 ( y 1) + 2 ( z 1) xy + yz + xz :
( x 1) + ( y 1) + ( z 1) ) 12 ( xy + yz + xz ) :
xy + yz + xz
2
(x
-2 1 ( y 1) xy :
( y 1) + ( z 1) yz :
( x 1) + ( z 1) xz
)( y 2 1
( x2 1) +
) 1
(z
1) +
(y
1) +
(y
1) +
(x
1) +
(y
1) +
1
2
2
(x
4
-1
1
a2
a2 +
118
a+
1
=2
a
2
a + = 2
a
:
:
1 1
a 2 + 2 a + = 4 :
a a
1
a 2 + 2 + 2 = 4 :
a
1
a 2 + 2 = 2 :
a
1
a 3 + 3 a
1 2 1
a + a + 2 = 2 2 :
a
a
1 1
1 1
a a 2 + a 2 + a 2 + 2 = 4 :
a
a
a a
1
1
a 3 + + a + 3 = 4 :
a
a
1
a 3 + 2 + 3 = 4 :
a
1
a 3 + 3 = 2 :
a
1
a 6 + 6 a
1
a 2 + 2 = 2 :
a
2
2 1
2
a + 2 = 2 :
a
( a ) + 2 a a12 + a12 = 4 :
1
a4 + 2 + 4 = 4 :
a
1
a4 + 4 = 2 :
a
4 1 2 1
a + 4 a + 2 = 2 2 :
a
a
1
1
1 1
a4 a2 + a4 2 + 4 a2 + 4 2 = 4 :
a
a
a a
1
1
a6 + 2 + a2 + 6 = 4 :
a
a
2 2
119
1
= 4 :
a6
1
a 6 + 6 = 2 :
a
1
a+
a
a6 + 2 +
:
2
a+
=
a
1 1
a + 2 a
+
a a
1
= a+2+
a
= 2+2
( )
=4
a+
1
=2
a
:
-2
5555552 3333332 = (111111 5 ) (111111 3) = 1111112 52 1111112 32

= 1111112 ( 52 32 )
= 1111112 ( 25 9 )
= 1111112 16
= 1111112 42
2
= (111111 4 ) = 4444442
120
9
abderrahimstit@gmail.com
https://sites.google.com/site/stitmath :
: QR T U
https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100009542156143
121

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S EFG = S PEG + S PFG + S PEF

S EFG = S EFA + S EAG

a 2 2ab + b 2 + b 2 2bc + c 2 + c 2 2ac + a 2 0

2a 2 + 2b 2 + 2c 2 2ab 2bc 2ac 0

= 180 ( 60 + 60 ) = 180 120 = 60

AC + AB BC + AC + BC AB + AB + BC AC < 2 AD + 2CE + 2 BF < AC + AB + AC + BC + AB + BC

( x + y + z )( x '+ y '+ z ') :

= ' xx ' + yy ' + zz

( x + y + z )( x '+ y '+ z ') = ( mx '+ my '+ mz ')( x '+ y '+ z ')

xx ' + yy ' + zz ' =

( x + y + z )( x '+ y '+ z ') :

S EFG = S EFA + S EAG

x (1 + y )(1 + z ) y (1 + x )(1 + z ) z (1 + x )(1 + y )

( 1 + x )(1 + y )(1 + z ) > 0

S ABC = S AOC + S ABO + SOBC

z ( x 2 + y 2 ) + y ( x 2 + z 2 ) + x ( y 2 + z 2 ) 2 xyz + 2 xyz + 2 xyz

S DAG S DBG = S DAC + S DCG S BCG S DCG

S DAG = S DAC + S DCG

S BCG = S DAC + S DBG S DAG

S DBG = S BCG + S DCG

S DAG S DBG = S DAC S BCG

S ADC + S BCG = 3.2 + 21 = 24.2

xyz xyz xyz

S ABC = S AOB + SOBC + S AOC

S+ B '+ D ' = 180

A + B + D = 180 + 180 + 180 180

a +bc + b+c a + c+a b 2

13 + 23 + .... + 143 + 153 = 14400

23 + 43 + 63.... + 283 + 303

2016 2015 2014 2013 + 1 4058209

283 = (14 2 ) = 143 23

303 = (15 2 ) = 153 23

18 OM + 36r + 1188 = 30 OM + 60r + 540

30 OM 18 OM + 60r 36r = 1188 540

24r 2 + 432r 24r 2

432r = 11664 648r

2016 2015 2014 2013 + 1

5555552 3333332 = 444444

S = ( R 2 r 2 ) = 3,14 12, 25 = 38, 465cm 2

5555552 3333332 = (111111 5 ) (111111 3) = 1111112 52 1111112 32

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