Ps English PAPER 2 Writing | PAPER 5 Listening PAPER 4 Speaking For questions 1 fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) Cor D) best ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Example Ginter’ ciyiees 1c D spot ola Be D Rssontiol tips Part 1 ofthe Reading and Use ‘of English paper tats your ‘awareness of vocabulary. > Road the whole toxt to got 2 > Ther i only one correct answer for each questi ‘nd it must itn tha sor fad slso the meaning of tho ‘whole text > The gapped word may be part ‘aff collocation two words that aa frequently combined ~ €., make progress, a phrasal Verb or an expression, or it may just be the only suitable Word forthe specific context. > Look carefully tthe words before and after ech gap. For | ‘example, sometimes only one ‘option is correct because of ' repostion that follows the 2p. ‘Question 2: Al four options fitthe gap in trms of thot ‘meaning but only one option is {followed by the preposition on ‘Question 4: This i an example ‘of collocation. Only ane option ‘900s with forbidden. ‘Question 5: Which of those phrasal verbs means to cause Something new to happen”? ‘Question 8: This is an examp of an item where the enswer Sepends on the grammatical ftreture that comes ater. nly one ofthe options can be followed by an infinitive ~f0 have lst In this santance, A Stone-Age restaurant AL frst (0) eateries. But look closely and you'll discover that it offers an unusual experience (1) Paleolithic (or Stone-Age} food. Berlin's Sauvage restaurant looks much like many other fashionable Diners sit at candle-lit tables and eat meals (2) ......on the dietary habits of our prehistoric (2)... who lived between two million and 200,000 years ago. The food includes unprocessed fruit, vegetables, meat, fish, eggs, nuts and seeds, but sugar, bread, rice and dairy products are (4) ..... forbidden, as they were unavailable to Stone Age hunter-gatherers. ‘The restaurant's owners insist that the ‘Paleo diet’ (6) ...... greater energy levels, increased muscle mass and clearer skin. ‘Many people think this diet is just a passing fashion, but its a world-wide (6) ....»" says one. itis probably strongest in the USA where thousands of people have apparently gone ‘Paleo’. One of the best-known people t0 (7) nn the caveman cuisine ig the veteran pop singer, Tom Jones, who (8) sun to have lost more than ten kilos after switching to it, 1 Acconsisting —_B starring © highlighting —_D featuring 2A based B linked © derived D inspired 3 A founders ——B originators «ancestors —_—D pioneers 4A tightly B precisely extremely strictly 5 A brings about B sets up © pulls out D follows with 6 A situation B phenomenon _€ circumstance ineident 7A enter B adopt © assume D exert 8 A assens B maintains © claims D states 12 cambridge English: Advances Test-1¥> PAPER 1 Reading and Use of English >> PartSL C284 «4 UsnbuR Jo 96n pue BuIpeEY L ABdYE «4 L35@L pe2UENDY \Us}0U9 adpLIAWED {y eicoo ‘1 uopisodeid # pau no, “210496 o, URAL YoIyn asoA4d BuAUH 8s} SAL EL HOREOM 229! 14) S9010K9 6} paauiaucn 46) sy plo¥ YDIUyy TYBL sem 8BeUEW OY) ‘enaeq tou sop ie}BojoyoKEd 24, "yaosBexed pucdes 24: Jo 2jouN BY) 8 YO] “ZL uoNEEND {Suogsonb ut mouy soo} uayo om YUAN cyInN 4) Buyers) @uoIWIOS Jou 10 ~ mou ‘an uno suonsenb oy Jo ved sie Auera;yed pur ‘eousIuasejouse ay e009 4 UoRs—ND, uo}soded « moi} ueD BuO YoI4py 284 papesu s: UNOLOAE anne Y ig HoNsOND 18s Soyeuse 311998 0 4 sjoyM oun peas “YS ou BoI4UI09 nok vous 0g 104M 8 se x9} ay Jo BuILEOU Bi ISM BsoOYD NOA PuGM GUL 4 "9u0 as0049 ten ‘vnsue ‘uo vow av0u J UNA UBD NOA ALO yuOp ‘05 ‘00) elyssod Ueyo o1B pinoa pu 2yBuu ojissod 51 Ae 1 '9)6usex9 104 2]IS800 6 MASUR BLO Ue BOW SLNOWIOS 4 ‘29 pines @ney 10 4014 40 ays ang ‘peddeB 99 10u pinom uanouy ‘ueou ancy syBiur ays eseiy aun ‘cuexe 104 prom 201 © au YOU AGE i eB O44 “(o} opto wy) sosesye 40 sued ou 300) ‘yBnop 300) squen jeseayd Jo se}EG ‘sm 246I4)} sq!2n jepow "\u90q aq) 8419 jo sed 0s ‘pue} suonunluoa ‘you ‘oysn| sunouosd eneyes {wooya 1 ‘haut SunoU0sd au) saRN8 (u)J0 6) svOH|sode1d‘apnjul pines asauL. ‘specu deB pee puom Jo 2dAt yol4m ap}09q sprom [eUIUIEIB pseu SAB 2yNjO WON ¢ ‘tgs ou Jo eop 210408 @ 128 01 Yt BaYM ON PEOY 4 -Ajpau09 spiow asous osn ox Ayige snok pue 'suorsseidxe uoww0o uuu Jo ss2ualeme JNOA ssa) Jaded Ys}BU3 Jo 967 ul BuIpeay oy }0 Z Wed sduy jeyuossg row anoge yin a1 126401 3.us80p AjeIUY=p sBeNBLUe} APoG Aww os ‘AayN6 Bur}oo] WEIS} ‘doys © u ow Buryoiem pren Ayinoes e 29s | eynuius ayy “Ajeuosieg, “IMB ~~" (QL) ‘uonoees payoouys 104 syeidLeIU! 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For questions 37-40, choose from the contributions A-D. ‘The contributions may be chosen more than once. PAPER 3 Listening . ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. PAPER 4 Speaking a Should entry to museums be free of charge? The views of four speakers at a conference on museum funding are summarised here. A In the late 1990s, the then UK government decided to end admission charges to a number of leading museums ‘and art galleries in the country, and within a few years visitor numbers to these institutions had almost doubled; ‘One report estimated an increase from 27 to 42 million visitors within a year. This is the clearest possible evidence for the popularity of free museum admission, with both local citizens and tourists. It is no coincidence that the UK saw an impressive growth in tourism to the country in the same period, and there is no need to go into detail here about the implications of this for employment and general prosperity. Add to this the contribution that museums make in communicating culture, knowledge and inspiration to visitors, particularly younger ones, ‘and it becomes obvious that the state investment required to fund free entry to museums pays off handsomely. It is hardly surprising that surveys show most people favour free museum admission. Why would anyone spurn a free chance to see a collection of beautiful paintings or some fascinating historical objects? The fact is, however, that although visitor numbers generally go up when admission is free, more detailed analysis of the figures reveals some complex issues. For example, itis far from certain that free museum access automatically brings in the tourists. Most market research indicates that they want quality and will pay for it if necessary. Moreover, the evidence suggests that people who run museums which rely on the state for their funding have little incentive to make their collections more exciting and imaginatively displayed in order to boost visitor numbers; the fee, or absence of one, does their work for them. The need to attract paying customers, on the other hand, tends to concentrate the minds of museum and gallery directors. c Free admission to museums and galleries usually causes attendance to rise and, with effective marketing, stimulates growth in the tourist industry. However, studies have also found that, by and large, increased entries. are accounted for by tourists, who do not pay local income taxes, and more frequent visits by local people who already go to museums, rather than a wider spread of the population. In other words, all taxpayers subsidise museum access for tourists and a limited local largely middle-class demographic who could afford to pay for museum admission. Therefore, the claim that free museums make the wider population more knowledgeable and cultured is questionable at best. The fact is, the majority have little interest in museums and are resentful when they learn how much they are paying for them. They would be even more perturbed to hear that state- funded museums, free of the need to compete to survive, tend to be complacent and unenterprising. D Museums have a crucial role to play in preserving and transmitting a nation’s history and heritage, and in broadening intellectual and cultural horizons, among the younger generation in particular. Opinion polls show that most people understand this and, for this reason, favour free access. They also show people understand that free museum admission requires state funding, which in turn depends on taxation. While most of us dislike paying taxes, we know what they are for, People can also appreciate that government funding gives those who Tun museums a certain level of security which allows them to plan for the longer-term. This tends to lift the quality of museum collections and the way they are displayed and explained to visitors. Great museums which have free access also help to boost tourism, which is so central to the economic well-being of many countries nowadays. 418 cambricige English: Advanced Test 1 >> PAPER 1 Reading and Use of English >> Part 6J6L 92064 << usnGUa yo asp pue BuIpeey L aBd¥a «4 L 3S01 po2ueADY -Ys)6uU3 26PLUGWeD “a pu 9 six ua seec0rd aures au Sno. 08 ‘mon ay Ut pesserdxe matn at WOH {U9:0} 0 Jo] Sut 5 'ssuney ou Wl 86uug AjeaneworNe seoaoe wnosnus oe ey) ies 0s) 9) 81 81g 86140 ‘ued werajes au "ws1uN03 peseesou! 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You are going to read @ magazine article about the ancient Maya civilisation in Central America, Six paragraphs have been removed from the article. Choose from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (41-46). Ther paragraph which you do not need to use. The rise and fall of the ancient Maya civilisation No civilisation has fallen quite like the Maya, seemingly swallowed by the jungle after centuries of urban, cultural and agricultural evolution. What went wrong? Recent discoveries point not to a cataclysmic eruption, earthquake or plague but rather to climate change. But first came the boom years, roughly AD30O to 660. At the beginning of the so-called Classic Maya period, some 60 Maya cities sprang up across much of modern-day Guatemala, Belize and Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula ieee But then came the bust, a decline that lasted at least, two centuries. By 1100, the residents of once thriving Maya cities seem to have just disappeared. In the nineteenth century, when explorers began discovering the overgrown ruins of ‘lost cities’, theorists imagined ‘an immense volcanic eruption or earthquake — or maybe an empire-wide pandemic One study of stalagmites in a cavern in Belize links swings in weather patterns to both the rise and fall of the empire. Formed by water and minerals dripping from above, stalagmites grow more quickly in rainier years, giving scientists a reliable record of historical rainfall trends. ‘The early Classic Maya period was unusuelly wet,’ according to lead researcher Douglas Kennett. And during this, time, he says, ‘the population proliferated, aided by ‘surge in agriculture, x zl But the long wet spell turned out to be an anomaly. When the climate pendulum swung back, hard times followed. ‘Mayan ‘systems were founded on those high rainfall patterns,” Kennett said. “They could not support themselves when patterns. changed.’ 20 ‘The following centuries were characterised by repeated and, at times extreme, drought. Agriculture deciined and, not coincidentally, social conflict rose. Bess eto ee] But times would get even harder. The stalagmite record suggests that between 1020 and 1100 the region suffered its longest dry spell ofthe last 2,000 years. With, it, the study suggests, came crop failure, famine, mass ‘migration and death. By the time Spanish conquistadors arrived in the sixteenth century, inland Maya populations had decreased by 90 per cent, and urban centres and farms had been abandoned and reclaimed by forest. Giessen] ‘According to climate scientist, Benjamin Cook, this ‘widespread deforestation reduced the flow of moisture from the ground to the atmosphere, interrupting the natural rain cycle and in turn reducing rainfall. Computer simulations that Cook ran for one study show that localised drying decreased atmospheric, ‘moisture by five to 18 per cent annually. ‘Even a ten, per cent decrease is considered an environmental catastrophe,’ he says. eT But, according to Professor of Environment and Society. BL. Turner, ‘that's the kind of oversimplification we're, trying to get away from, The Mayan situation is not applicable today — our society is just so radically different’ In his own study, Turner concludes that the, natural environment recovered rather quickly after the dry centuries. What happened to the Maya, he suggests, is that in order to escape starvation and, wars inland, many moved to coastal areas where life was comparatively easier. 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Read the relevent art ofthe text carefully {or each question will Certainly not use the same words Instead, it wil express the Idea in 8 diferont may. > Allthe taxts are about the sme topic, so similar points {Question with text, make Sure i rflects exactly what is in that tox. ‘Question 47: The word expert express a similar idea, Then ‘check thatthe part ofthe text {You find also expresses the idea ‘of acknowledging the value of taking sdvee. ‘may be chosen more than once, Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet, Which student acknowledges the value of taking expert advice? is unconcerned about the possibilty of failure? is surprised at the lack of competition for her business? hhas established a precedent in her university? ‘accepts that her business may have had a negative impact on her studies? has created a business which has exceeded her expectations? believes her personality has changed through working on her business? regrets missing out on certain aspects of student life? thinks that entrepreneurs like her should follow their instinets? 3 to have benefited from ski ‘acquired while taking part in an unrelated activity? ‘Question 48: Think of othor ‘words or phrases that express the ame idea as Tallur’. 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