-

charkopl.blogspot.gr

15-3-15

. 1 & 5

A1. 1836
,
mp, me De Broglie p , e , :
. mp=1836/me
. mp=me/1836
. e=1836 p
. e=1836/p
( 5)
2. :
CH3
H
CH3 H CH3 H
. - C - C - C - C - C - C - ..
H
H H H
H
H
:
. CH2=CHCH3
. CH2=CH2
CH3
. CH2=C-CH3
CH3
. CH2=C - CH=CH2

( 5)

A3. To 4
2 .
:
. 1
. 2
. 3
. 4

( 5)

4.
; : =1, =7, =8, S=16, Cl=17.
. 3
. SO2
. ClO
. ClO2
( 5)

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15-3-15

A5. :
CH2=CH2 + Br2 CH2Br-CH2Br.
. .
. C sp sp3
.
. CH2=CH2
.
. C-Br CH2=CH2.
( 5)

1. HCN .
.
1,3- Buna N.
. .. , .
( 3)
. .. 2
.
. HCN:
i) Lewis
.
( 3)
ii) HCN .
: H=1, C=6, N=7
( 3)
2. .

.
. : 1s2 2s1 2px2 2py1
Hund .
. 11Na
19K.

12g

. s p 1
sp3.
. 27 .
. () H3 3
sp2.
( 5)

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B3. :

15-3-15

)
.. . .. ,
...
.
) 3 , ,

. = .
) O 25n2+
, e m
=+1 :..
) 3d .
) e , ,
. e 90-99%
() x. e 9
e n=
= m
= ms=
( 11)

I + Grignard (K)

+H2O
+ SOCl2
R (A)

+KCN
+H2O
+Na
+B

C7H14O2 ()

Cu/

( )

+22

1.
, , , , , , , ,
, .
( 15)
2. 6 g ( ) 4,6 g a.
25C
2L, pH . 2: w=10-14.
(r): C=12, H=1, O=16, Na=23.
( 5)

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15-3-15

3. :
: 2/aOH,
: KMnO4/2SO4,
: Fehling
: a,
: a2CO3.
2, ,
CH3CH=O, CH3CH2OH CH3COOH 2
:
CH3COCH3, CH3CH2CH2OH, CH3CH(OH)CH3.
.
( 5)

1. 2 Ni
. 170C 2SO4
. Cl Mg
Grignard E.
, Z
.

Z , .. , , , , ,
.
( 12)
2. C4H10O (X)
C4H8O () . 1
nO4.To 2o 2/aOH 78,8 g
. 3 a .
.. .
( 6)
3.
NaOH 10,4 g .
a ,
8,96 L STP. .. ,
.
( 7)
(r): C=12, =1, O=16, I=127, Cl=35,5

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15-3-15

1.

A2.

3.

(. =22 28 32 34)

4.

(: , : S 1, : --Cl Cl 3, : Cl 2)

5.

(. =h/p)

B1.
.

A: HC CH
: CH2=CHCN
: (-CH2-CH-)
CN

. CH2=CH-C N + 3H2 CH3CH2CH2NH2

i. -C N :

4 1 e.

ii. To C 2 sp s
H p .

-C-N 180 CN .

2.

.
. (, )
. ( 4)
. ()
.

3.

) , , .
) 13 (. 3s2 3px1 .
: =16)
) 25n2+: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5
: 5 ( 3d ), e
m
=+1: 5 ( 2e 2px + 2e 3px + 1e 3d )
) 2 ( 3d 10)
) n= 3
=1 m
= +1

ms=+1/2

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15-3-15

1. A: C B: C : +1 C E: +1 C Z: +1 C + : C => : 7C
:
CH3CH2CH2OH + SOCl2 CH3CH2CH2Cl + SO2 + HCl
CH3CH2CH2Cl + KCN CH3CH2CH2CN + KCl

+1+=7 =3

CH3CH2CH2CN + 2H2O H
CH3CH2CH2COOH + NH3
CH3CH2CH2COOH + Na CH3CH2CH2COONa + H2
CH3CH2CH2COONa + CH3CH2CH2Cl CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH2CH3 + NaCl
CH3CH2CH2CN + 2H2 CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2

CH3CH2CH=O + H2
CH3CH2CH2OH Cu/
CH3CH2MgX + CH2=O CH3CH2CH2OMgX
CH3CH2CH2OMgX + H2O CH3CH2CH2OH + Mg(OH)X
+

: CH3CH2CH2OH
: CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2
H: CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH2CH3
K: CH3CH2MgX

B: CH3CH2CH2Cl
E: CH3CH2CH2COOH
: CH3CH2CH=O

: CH3CH2CH2CN
Z: CH3CH2CH2COONa
I: CH2=O

2.

6/60=0,1 mol A 4,6/23=0,2 mol

(mol) CH3CH2CH2OH + Na CH3CH2CH2ONa + H2
.
0,1
0,2
-
-0,1
-0,1
0,1
0,05
.
0,1
0,1
0,05
a + H2O NaOH + H2
0,1 mol
;=0,1 mol
CH3CH2CH2ONa + H2O CH3CH2CH2OH + NaOH
0,1 mol
;=0,1 mol
0,1+0,1=0,2 mol NaOH
C=0,2/2 =0,1M
NaOH Na+ + OH0,1M 0,1M
[3+]=0,1 pH=13

3.
CH3CH=O
CH3CH2OH
CH3COOH

A (2/aOH)

+
+
-

B(KnO4/H2SO4)

+
+
-

(Fehling)

+
-

(a)

+
+

(a2CO3)

:
- - - - - -

CH3COCH3,
CH3CH2CH2OH
CH3CH(OH)CH3

A (2/aOH)

+
+

B(KnO4/H2SO4)

+
+

(Fehling)

-

(a)

+
+

(a2CO3)

: -B -
-.
. 2/NaOH a.

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15-3-15

1.
(A)

(B)

C2+1CH=O + H2 C2+1CH2OH
Ni

.2 SO 4 /170o C

C2+1CH2OH

()

C2 + 2

=+1

()
C2 + HCl C2+1Cl
(E)
C2+1Cl + Mg C2+1 MgCl
+ 2 O

(Z)

C2+1 MgCl + C2+1CH=O C2+1-CH- C2+1 C2+1-CH- C2+1 + g(OH)Cl

gCl
OH
:
=1 ( : 2)
=1
: : CH3CH=O
E: CH3CH2MgCl

2.

B: CH3CH2OH
: CH2=CH2
Z: CH3-CH-CH2CH3
OH

: CH3CH2Cl

x mol C4H10O(), x mol C4H8O ()

1o (x/3 mol , x/3 mol )
nO4 => : 3
: CH3CH2COCH3
2o (x/3 mol , x/3 mol )
CH3CH2COCH3 + 3I2 + 4NaOH CH3CH2COONa + CHI3 + 3NaI + 3H2O
x/3 mol
;=x/3 mol x/3=78,8/394 x=0,6 mol
3o (x/3 mol , x/3 mol )
: :
CH3
CH3-C-CH3
OH
mo = 0,674 + 0,672 = 87,6 g

3.

C2-2 C.
x mol C2Cl2 x mol C2Cl2
C2Cl2 + 2NaOH (.) C2-2 + 2aCl + 2H2O
x mol
;=x mol
10,4
C2Cl2 + 2NaOH (.) C2-2 + 2aCl + 2H2O
: 2x=
(1)
14 - 2
x mol
;=x mol
C2-2 + Na C2-3Na + H 2
2x mol
;=x mol : x=8,96/22,4 x=0,4 (1) =1,07
: C2-2 + 2Na C2-4a2 + H2
2x mol
;=2x mol : 2x=8,96/22,4 x=0,2
: C CH : 0,2 mol CH2-CH2
Cl Cl
m= 0,299 + 0,299 = 39,6 g

(1) =2
Cl
0,2 mol CH3-CH
Cl