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Inthistutorial,wedemonstratehowtouseseveralofharmonicsanalysisfeaturesinEasyPowerSpectrum.Threefeatures
arecoveredinparticular:
Thesummationofallharmonics
Thecurrentlowofindividualharmonics
Thefrequencyscan
HarmonicsFocus
Toperformanarclashanalysis,youmustbeintheHarmonicsfocus.
1.FromtheFilemenu,clickOpenFile.
Tip:IfyouareviewingtheStartPage,youcanclickOpenOnelineinstead.
2.OpentheBigger.dezileinyourSamplesdirectory.
3.Click
4.Click
Maximizeontheonelinewindow,ifneeded,toillthesessionwindowwiththeoneline.
HarmonicsontheHometabtoopentheHarmonicsfocus.
SummationofHarmonics
Click
Summation.Totalharmonicdistortionvaluesaredisplayedontheonelineasshownintheigurebelow.
Figure1:HarmonicDistortionCalculations
Bydefault,
CurrentTotalHarmonicDistortionand
VoltageTotalHarmonicDistortionareselected.Thevertical
andhorizontalnumbersontheonelineindicateITHDandthediagonalnumbersonthebusesindicateVTHD.
Intheexampleabove,theITHDthroughthecapacitoronBUS2is10.692amps.TheVTHDonBUS2is0.427%.(Thecurrent
andvoltageunitscanbemodiiedinthe
CurrentRootSumSquaredand
HarmonicsOptions>OnelineOutputtab.)
VoltageRootSumSquareddisplayIRSSandVRSSvaluesontheoneline.These
currentsandvoltages,whichincludefundamentalandharmonics,areequivalenttoIRMSandVRMS.IntheHarmonics
focus,thefundamentalvoltageateachbusisassumedtobe1perunit.(ThiscanbemodiiedinHarmonicsOptions>
Control.)Thefundamentalcurrentsforeachequipmentitemareassumedtobeeitherthefullloadcurrentratingofthe
equipmentorthecalculatedcurrentat1perunitvoltage.
Additionalsummationinformationisalsoavailableforonelinedisplay:
ITProductand
kVTProductindicateinterferencethatcouldoccuronanearbytelephonecircuit.
VoltageSumdeterminespeakvoltageforcomparisonwithequipment(forexample,capacitor)peakvoltage
capability.
Lossesindicatesthesumoffundamentalandharmoniclossesonindividualequipment.
TransformerKfactorand
TransformerDeratingshowderatingvaluesbasedonANSIC57.110.
ConductorDeratingdeterminesthemaximumfundamentalloadthatcanbesuppliedtoaconductorwith
harmonicspresent.
FrequencyScan
1.DoubleclickonBUS2ontheoneline.Afrequencyscansimilartotheonebelowisdisplayed.Dragthesplitterbarto
therighttoviewthevaluesforeachcalculatedharmonic.
Figure2:FrequencyScan
Thisfrequencyscan,bydefault,isbasedona1.0perunitcurrentinjectiononBUS2.ThescandisplaystheBUS2
perunitvoltagewithrespecttotheharmonicfrequencyofthisinjectedcurrent.Thisperunitvoltagecanalsobe
consideredaperunitimpedanceaslongasthecurrentinjectionremains1.0perunit.
2.Doubleclickintheplotareatocustomizethefrequencyscanwindow.Forexample,doubleclickingonthecurve
enablesyoutospecifyadifferentstyle,color,andweightforthecurve.Youcanrightclickintheplotwindowtoview
alltheavailableplotformatoptions.
3.Clickthelower
line.
Closebuttononthetoprightofthewindowtoclosetheplotwindow.Thisreturnsyoutotheone
SummationBarChart
1.Ontheoneline,selectabusand/orbranch.
2.Click
SummationBarChartontheHarmonicstab.
Thisopensabarchartthatdisplaysthedifferentharmonicspresentinthebuses(voltage)orbranches(current).
Figure3:HarmonicsBarChartExample
HarmonicCurrentFlow
Therearetwodistinctmethodsforharmoniccurrentlowsolutions:
TheSingleSourceCurrentFlow
TheAllSourceCurrentFlow
SingleSourceCurrentFlow
1.Ifyouarecurrentlyviewingthebarchart,closeittoviewtheonelinewindow.
2.SelectBUS2(sothatitturnsgreen).
3.Click
SinglePt(SinglePointCurrentFlow).Youronelineshoulddisplaythevaluesshowninigurebelow.
TheSingleSourceCurrentFlowdisplayscurrentsandvoltagesthroughoutthesystembasedonasingleharmonic
currentinjectionatabus.Inthecaseabove,1.0perunit(or481amps)of5thharmoniccurrentareinjectedinto
BUS2.Theresultant5thharmoniccurrent(inamps)andvoltage(insystemperunit)aredisplayedontheoneline.
(TheunitsandinjectioncurrentcanbemodiiedintheHarmonicsOptionsdialog.)Thisinformationisusefulfor
determininghowaparticularharmoniccurrentwilllowandwhatequipmentwillbeaffected.
Figure4:FifthHarmonicCurrentFlowBasedonBUS2Injection
AllSourceCurrentFlow
1.Click
FindSelect.
2.IntheFinddialogbox,underItemType,select2WTransformer,andinIDNameofItemtoFind,typeTX4.
3.ClickOK.
4.Click AllSource(AllSourceCurrentFlow).Youronelineshouldlooksimilartotheigurebelow(wehavemoved
itemsslightlytodisplaythenumbersbetter).
Figure5:FifthHarmonicCurrentFlowBasedOnAllSourceInjections
ThemotorsunderbusSWG12representan18pulsedrive.Eachmotorinjectsaspectrumofharmonics.(The
injectedharmonicspectrumisspeciiedineachMotorDatadatabasedialogbox.TheEasyPowerdevicelibraryalso
containstypicalharmonicspectrawhichcanbeimported.)Thecurrentsandvoltagesarebasedonalltheifth
harmonicinjectionsfromthesourcesinthesystem.ThisspeciiedharmoniccanbemodiiedintheHarmonics
Optionsdialogbox.NoticethattheifthharmoniccurrentscancelontransformerTX12duetophasecancellation.
TheAllSourceCurrentFlowfeaturedetermineslowsinanetworkwithallsourcescontributing.
HarmonicsTextReports
HarmonicsReportsenablesyoutocreateharmonicstextreports.Whenthereportcheckboxesareselectedinthe
HarmonicsOptionsdialogbox,tabulatedtextreportinformationiscreatedduringeachharmonicsSummationAllor
CurrentFlowoperation.Thesetextreportscanbeopenedaftertheyhavebeencreatedbyselectingtheappropriatereport
fromundertheWindowbutton.
Figure6:HarmonicsTextReportExample