Thisarticlecontainsoneormoreincompletelistswhichmayneverbeabletosatisfyparticularstandardsfor

completeness.Youcanhelpbyexpandingit/themwithentriesthatarereliablysourced.

CasterelatedviolencehasoccurredandoccursinIndiainvariousforms.Accordingtoa
reportbyHumanRightsWatch,"Dalitsandindigenouspeoples(knownasScheduledTribes
oradivasis)continuetofacediscrimination,exclusion,andactsofcommunalviolence.Laws
andpoliciesadoptedbytheIndiangovernmentprovideastrongbasisforprotection,butare
notbeingfaithfullyimplementedbylocalauthorities."[1]

1968Kilvenmanimassacre,TamilNadu
Mainarticle:Kilvenmanimassacre

December25,1968inwhichagroupofc.44strikingDalit(untouchable)villagelabourers
weremurderedbyagang,allegedlysentbytheirlandlords,astheyweredemandinghigher
wages.

1981PhoolanDevi,UttarPradesh
Mainarticle:PhoolanDevi

PhoolanDevi(19632001)wasanIndiandacoit(bandit),wholaterturnedpolitician.Born
intoatraditionalboatmanclassMallaahfamily,shewaskidnappedbyagangofdacoits.The
Gujjarleaderofthegangtriedtorapeher,butshewasprotectedbythedeputyleader
Vikram,whobelongedtohercaste.Later,anuppercasteThakurfriendofVikramkilledhim,
abductedPhoolan,andlockedherupintheBehmaivillage.Phoolanwasrapedinthevillage
byThakurmen,untilshemanagedtoescapeafterthreeweeks.[2]
PhoolanDevithenformedagangofMallahs,whichcarriedoutaseriesofviolentrobberies
innorthandcentralIndia,mainlytargetinguppercastepeople.SomesaythatPhoolanDevi
targetedonlytheuppercastepeopleandsharedthelootwiththelowercastepeople,butthe
Indianauthoritiesinsistthisisamyth.[3]SeventeenmonthsafterherescapefromBehmai,
Phoolanreturnedtothevillage,totakeherrevenge.OnFebruary14,1981,hergang
massacredtwentytwoThakurmeninthevillage,onlytwoofwhichweresupposedlyinvolved
inherkidnappingorrape.PhoolanDevilatersurrenderedandservedelevenyearsinprison,
afterwhichshebecameapolitician.Duringherelectioncampaign,shewascriticizedbythe
womenwidowedintheBehmaimassacre.KshatriyaSwabhimaanAndolanSamanvay

Committee(KSASC),aKshatriyaorganization,heldastatewidecampaigntoprotestagainst
her.ShewaselectedaMemberofParliamenttwice.
OnJuly25,2001,PhoolanDeviwasshotdeadbyunknownassassins.Later,amancalled
SherSinghRanaconfessedtothemurder,sayinghewasavengingthedeathsof22
KshatriyasatBehmai.Althoughthepolicewereskepticalofhisclaims,hewasarrested.
RanaescapedfromTiharJailin2004.In2006,KSASCdecidedtohonorRanafor"upholding
thedignityoftheThakurcommunity"and"dryingthetearsofthewidowsofBehmai."[4]

1985:Karamchedumassacre
KaramchedumassacreisamassacrewhichoccurredinKaramchedu,AndhraPradeshon17
July1985,wheremadigacastedalitswerekilledbyKammathenrulingcastein1985.Many
peoplelosttheirlivesintheincident.[5]

1990s:RanvirSena
Mainarticle:RanvirSena

RanvirSenaisacastesupremacistfringemilitiagroupbasedinBihar.Thegroupisbased
amongstthehighercastelandlords,andcarriesoutactionsagainsttheoutlawednaxalsin
ruralareas.IthascommittedviolentactsagainstDalitsandothermembersofthescheduled
castecommunityinanefforttopreventtheirlandfromgoingtothem.[6]

1991TsundurAndhraPradesh
Thevillagebecameinfamousforthekillingof8dalitsonthe6August1991,whenamobof
over300people,composedofmainlyReddysandtelagaschaseddownthevictimsalongthe
bundofanirrigationcanal.Thishappenedafterpolicedepartmentaskedlocalstogo
aggressiveagainstlargenumberofeveteasingoutsidersenteringvillage.Inthetrialwhich
wasconcluded,21peopleweresentencedtolifeimprisonmentand35otherstoayearof
rigorousimprisonmentandapenaltyofRs.2,000each,onthe31July2007,byspecialjudge
establishedforthePurposeunderSC,STsAtrocities(Prevention)Act.Butsomanypeople
whoareinthatvillageopposethat,astheChristiancommunitypeoplefiledacaseon
governmentemployeeswhowereinjob.TheremightbearumortheChristiancommunity

peopleputcaseonreddyandtelagacommunitiesonthebasisofvoterlist.However,the
caseissurroundedbymanyrumorshenceacompletelyreliablesourceofevidenceisnot
knownforthisincident.

1996BathaniTolaMassacre,Bihar
Mainarticle:1996BathaniTolaMassacre

21DalitswerekilledbytheRanvirSenainBathaniTola,BhojpurinBiharon11July1996.[7]
Amongthedeadwere11women,sixchildrenandthreeinfants.RanvirSenamobkilled
womenandcildreninparticularwiththeintentionofdeterringanyfutureresistancewhich
theyforesaw.[6]
SixmembersofNaimuddinAnsari'sfamilywereslaughteredbyRanvirSenaaccordingtothe
NaimuddinAnsari'switnessstatement.TheFIRwaslodgedagainst33personsthedayafter
themassacre.Niammuddinwasabangleselleratthetimeofthecarnage,whose3month
olddaughterwaskilled.WidespreadclaimssuggesttheywerekilledbyRanvirSena
aggressors..Naimuddin's7yearsonSaddamwasattackedandhisfacewasmutilatedby
swordlacerations.
On17April2012,thePatnaHighCourtacquitted23menconvictedofthemurders.A
DivisionBenchofjudgesNavneetiPrasadSinghandAshwaniKumarSinghcited"defective
evidence"toacquitallofthem.[6][7]Thenextday,theBiharStateSC/STWelfareMinister
JitanRamManjhistatedthattheNDAledGovernment(underNitishKumar)haddecidedto
movetoSupremecourtchallengingthePatnaHCOrder.[8]
ARanvirSenasympathizer,whospoketotheHinducorrespondentShoumojitBanerjee,
justifiedthereactionarymobilisationoftheuppercastesagainstthoseNaxals."Thelandis
ours.Thecropsbelongtous.Thelabourersdidnotwanttowork,andalsohamperedour
effortsbyburningourmachinesandimposingeconomicblockades.So,theyhaditcoming."
[6]

PostBathaniTolaCarnagetherewereseveralretaliatorynaxalattackskillingatleast500
uppercastecivilians[9]aswellasattacksonDalitsandLabourersorganizedbytheRanvir
SenainLaxmanpurBatheandSankarbighainwhich81Dalitswerekilled.[6]
TheCounselforthewitness,AnandVatsyayan,expressedbeingshockedattheHighCourt
verdictandreportedlysaidthat"sufficientevidencewereathandtoupholdthejudgement

passedbytheArasessionscourt.TheSupremeCourtguidelinesintheeventofamassacre
arequiteclear.Theeyewitnessesneednotrememberallthenames.And,ofthesixprime
witnessesquestionedinthiscase,allhadconclusivelypointedfingersatthepersons
convictedbythelowercourt.[7]

1997LaxmanpurBatheCarnage,Bihar
On1December1997,RanvirSenagunneddown58DalitsatLaxmanpurBatheinretaliation
fortheBaramassacreinGayawhere37uppercasteswerekilledfornoreason.Inparticular,
aspecificBhumiharcommunityofuppercasteswastargetedinretaliationfortheiropposition
towardshandingouttheirlandforlandreform.ChargeswereframedintheLaxmanpurBathe
caseagainst46RanvirSenamenonDecember23,2008.[10]
On7April2010sentenced16convictedpersonstodeathoutofthe26convictedatPatna
court.Announcingthejudgement,AdditionalDistrictJudgeVijayPrakashMishrasentenced
tolifeimprisonmenttheremaining10convictsandimposedafineofRs.50,000oneach.[10]
Around91of152witnessesinthecasehaddeposedbeforethecourt.[10]

1997MelavalavuMassacre,TamilNadu
InthevillageofMelavalavu,inTamilNadu'sMaduraidistrict,followingtheelectionofaDalit
tothevillagecouncilpresidency,membersofahighercaste(Thevar)groupmurderedsix
DalitsinJune1997.
Melavalavupanchayat,whichwasageneralconstituency,wasdeclaredareserved
constituencyin1996.ThishadcausedresentmentbetweenScheduledCastepeopleand
Ambalakararcommunity.Inthe1996panchayatelections,Murugesanwaselectedpresident.
[11]

InJune1997,agroupofpersonsattackedMurugesan,vicepresidentMookanandothers
withdeadlyweapons,resultinginthedeathofsixpersonsandinjuriestomanyothers.Atotal
of40personswerecitedasaccusedinthecase.ThetrialcourtconvictedAlagarsamyand
16othersandsentencedthemtoundergolifeimprisonment.Onappeal,theHighCourtbyits
judgmentdatedApril19,2006,confirmedthetrialcourtsorder.Alagarsamyandothersfiled
appealsagainstthisjudgment.[11]

1997Ramabaikillings,Mumbai
Mainarticle:1997Ramabaikillings

On11July1997,astatueofB.R.AmbedkarintheDalitcolonyofRamabaiwasdesecrated
byunknownindividuals.Aninitiallypeacefulprotestwasfiredonbythepolice,killingten
people,includingabystanderwhohadnotbeeninvolvedintheprotests.Laterintheday,26
peoplewereinjuredwhenthepolicecarriedoutalathichargeagainsttheprotesters.
Commentatorssuggestedthatthearbitrarilyviolentresponsefromthepolicehadbeenthe
resultofcastebasedprejudice,astheleaderoftheteamstoodaccusedinmultiplecases
involvingcastebaseddiscrimination.[12]

1999BantSinghcase,Punjab
InJanuary1999fourmembersofthevillagepanchayatofBhungarKheravillageinAbohar
paradedahandicappedDalitwoman,Ramvatidevinakedthroughthevillage.Noactionwas
takenbythepolice,despitelocalDalitprotests.ItwasonlyonJuly20thatthefourpanchayat
membersandtheheadRameshlalwerearrested,aftertheStateHomeDepartmentwas
compelledtoorderaninquiryintotheincident.[13]
OntheeveningofJanuary5,2006BantSingh,Mazhabi,DalitSikh,wasattackedby
unknownassailants.Hisinjuriesnecessitatedmedicalamputation.Heallegesthatthiswasin
retaliationforactivelyworkingtosecurejusticeforhisdaughter,whowasgangrapedby
uppercastemembersofhisvillageinPunjabfiveyearsearlier.[14][15]
A55yearoldDalitSikhwoman,SawinderKaurhasbeentortured,strippedandtiedtoatree
inRamDualivillageofPunjabbecausehernephewelopedwithagirlfromthesame
community.Thepolicearrestedfourpersonsforallegedlycommittingthecrimeon9
September2007.[16]

2000CasteviolenceinKarnataka
Karnatakathatisgenerallyknownforfrequentlinguisticviolenceincidentsagainstnon
Kannada[17]populationandreligiousviolenceincidents,[18][19]wentthroughmajorcaste
violencein2000.EightpeoplewerekilledinKarnatakainanoutbreakofcasteviolence.

Accordingtopolicereports,thetroublebeganwhenanuppercasteyouthwaskilledinan
attackblamedonDalitsformerlyknownasuntouchables.Inretaliation,relativesandfriends
oftheyouthsetfiretoseveralhousesinaDalithamlet,burningsevenDalitstodeath.[20]

2003MuthangaIncidentKerala
On19thFeb2003,theAdivasis/TribalsgatheredunderAdivasiGothraMahasbha(ADMS),
atMuthangafaced18roundsofpolicefiringinwhich2fatalcasualtieswereconfirmed
officially.TheTribalsgatheredinprotesttotheGovernmentsdelayinallottingthemland,
whichwassignedinOctober2001.Later,thecasualtytollhadreached5deathsamongthe
Tribals.Vinod,aPoliceConstablewhodiedwasalsoaDalit.[21]

2006KhairlanjimassacreMaharashtra
Mainarticle:Khairlanjimassacre

OnSeptember29,2006,fourmembersoftheBhotmangefamilybelongingtotheMahar
communitywerekilledbyamobof40peoplebelongingtotheMarathaKunbicaste.The
incidenthappenedinKherlanji,asmallvillageinBhandaradistrictofMaharashtra.The
MaharsareDalit,whiletheKunbiareclassifiedasanOtherBackwardClassbythe
GovernmentofIndia.TheBhotmangeswerestrippednakedandparadedtothevillage
squarebyamobof40people.Initialreportssuggestedthatthewomenofthefamily,
SurekhaandPriyanka,wereraped,althoughalaterinvestigationdeniedthis.Thefourfamily
memberswerebeatenbeforebeingmurdered.Thesubsequentpoliceandpoliticalinaction
ledtoprotestsfromDalits.Afterallegationsofacoverup,thecasewastransferredtothe
CentralBureauofInvestigation(CBI).[22]
Maharashtra'shomeministerandIndianNationalCongressleaderRRPatilclaimedthatthe
Dalitprotestsweremotivatedbyextremistelements.Agovernmentreportonthekillings
implicatedtoppoliceofficers,autopsydoctorsandthelocalBJPMLAMadhukarKukadefor
coveringup.[22]Alocalcourtconvicted8people,sentencing6ofthemtodeathandtheother
2tolife.[23]However,thedeathsentenceswerelatercommutedtolifebytheNagpurbench
oftheBombayHighCourt.TheHighCourtdeclaredthatthemurdersweremotivatedby
revenge,notcaste.[22]

2006DalitprotestsinMaharashtra
Mainarticle:2006DalitprotestsinMaharashtra

InNovemberDecember2006,thedesecrationofanAmbedkarstatueinKanpur(Uttar
Pradesh)triggeredviolentprotestsbyDalitsinMaharashtra.Severalpeopleremarkedthat
theprotestswerefueledbytheKherlanjiMassacre.[24]Duringtheviolentprotests,theDalit
protestorssetthreetrainsonfire,damagedover100busesandclashedwithpolice[25]At
leastfourdeathsandmanymoreinjurieswerereported.
.[26][27][28]

Rajasthan
Seealso:2008casteviolenceinRajasthan

IntheIndianprovinceofRajasthan,betweentheyears1999and2002,crimesagainstDalits
averageatabout5024ayear,with46killingsand138casesofrape.[29][30]

2011killingsofDalitsinMirchpur,Haryana
In2011,dalitswerekilledbyjatsinMirchpurvillageinNarnaund,SubDistrictofHissar.The
housesofdalitswereburnedhencecausingthemtofleethevillage.[31]

2012Dharmapuriviolence
Mainarticle:2012Dharmapuriviolence

InDecember2012approximately268dwellingshuts,tiledroofandoneortworoom
concretehousesofDalitsoftheAdiDravidacommunitynearNaikkankottaiinDharmapuri
districtofwesternTamilNaduweretorchedbythehighercasteVanniyarmostdominant
castegroup..Thevictimshaveallegedthatsystematicdestructionoftheirpropertiesand
livelihoodresourceshastakenplace.[32]
InDecember2012,incaseofcasteviolence,twomennamedAkbarAliandMustafaAnsari
werebeatenbyMuslims.[33]

2013Marakkanamviolence,TamilNadu
Mainarticle:2013Marakkanamviolence

InApril2013,violencebrokeoutbetweenthevillagersalongEastCoastRoadnear
MarakkanamandthosetravellingtoVanniyarmostdominantcastegathwweringat
Mamallapuram.Amobindulgedinsettingarsontohouses,4busesofTNSTCandPRTC.3
peoplewereinjuredinpolicefiring.TrafficwasclosedinECRforaday.[34]

2014JavkhedaHatyakand,Maharashtra
In2014,tripledalithatyakandinJavkheda,Maharashtra.

2015JatDalitviolenceinDangawas,Rajasthan
OnThursday,May14,2015,clashesbetweenJatsandDalitsinDangawasvillageof
Rajasthan'sNagaurdistrictleft4peopledeadand13injured.[35]

2016RohithVemulaSuicideinCentralUniversityof
Hyderabad
RohithVemulasuicideon18January2016sparkedprotestsandoutragefromacrossIndia
andgainedwidespreadmediaattentionasanallegedcaseofdiscriminationagainstDalits
andbackwardclassesinIndiainwhicheliteeducationalinstitutionshavebeenpurportedly
seenasanenduringvestigeofcastebaseddiscriminationagainststudentsbelongingto
"backwardclasses"[36]

Seealso
Communalism(SouthAsia)
ReligiousviolenceinIndia
ReligiousharmonyinIndia

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