OBLIGATIONS AND CONTRACTS

Part One: OBLIGATIONS

A. GeneralProvisions
1. Definition(Article1156,CivilCode)
2. Elements
a. ActiveSubject
b. PassiveSubject
c. ObjectorPrestation
d. EfficientCauseorJuridicalTie
3. NaturalObligations
a. Definition(Art.1423,CC)
b. Examples(Articles1424to1430)
c. DifferencebetweenNaturalandCivilObligation(Art.1423)
d. Distinguishedfrommoralobligations
Villaroelv.Estrada,71Phil.140(1940)
Fisherv.Robb,69Phil101(1939)
4. SourcesofObligations(Art.1157)
a. Law(Art.1158)
b. Contracts(Art.1159,1305)
c. Quasicontracts(Art.1160,2142)
Kinds:
i. Negotiorumgestio(Art.2144)
ii. Solutioindebiti(Art.2154)
iii. Others(Art.2164to2175)
d. DelictsorCrime(Art.1161)
e. Quasidelicts(Art.1162,2176)
Distinctionbetweencrimesandquasidelicts
Vicariousliability(Art.2180,Art.218219,FamilyCode)
Civilliabilityarisingfromcrime(Art.1161;Rule111,RevisedRulesof CriminalProcedure)
Barredov.Garcia,73Phil607(1942)
Mendozav.Arrieta,91SCRA113(1975)
5. ClassificationofObligations
a. PureandConditionalObligations(Art.11791192)
b. WithaPeriodoraTerm(Art.11931198)
c. AlternativeandFacultative(Art.11991206)
d. JointandSolidary(Art.12071222)
e. DivisibleandIndivisible(Art.12231225)
f. WithaPenalClause(Art.12261230)
B. NatureandEffectsofObligations
1. Kinds of Prestation
a. Togive
i. specificthing
topreservethething(Art.1163)
todelivertheaccessionsandaccessories(Art1166)
todeliverthefruits(Art.1164,par.1)
todeliverthethingitself(Art.1244)
ii. genericthing(Art.1246)
b. Todo(Art.1244)
c. Nottodo(Art.1244)
2. BreachofObligation

a. Concept
SongFov.HawaiianPhilippines,47Phil.821(1928)
Velardeetal.v.CourtofAppeals,361SCRA56(2001)
Angelesv.Calasanz,135SCRA323(1985)
DeltaMotorCorporationv.Genuino,170SCRA29(1989)
VermenRealtyv.CourtofAppeals,224SCRA549(1993)
b. ModesofBreach
Delayormora(Art.1169)
i. morasolvendi
CetusDevelopmentv.CourtofAppeals,176SCRA72(1989) AerospaceChemical
Industriesv.CourtofAppeals,315SCRA92
SantosVenturaHocormaFoundationv.Santos,441SCRA472
Vazquezv.AyalaCorporation,443SCRA231(2004)
Abellav.Francisco,55SCRA447(1931)
delaCruzv.Legaspi,98SCRA43(1955)
ii. moraaccipiendi(Seealso1268)
Villaroelv.ManilaMotorCo.,Inc.,104Phil.926(1958)
iii. compensationmorae
CentralBankv.CourtofAppeals,139SCRA46(1985)
Fraudordolo(Art.1171)
doloincidenteanddolocausante
Woodhousev.Halili,93Phil.526(1953)
Geraldezv.CourtofAppeals(1994)
Negligence(Art.1172,1173)
culpav.dolo
culpaaquilianov.culpacontractual
standardofcarerequired
Gutierrezv.Gutierrez,56Phil.177(1932)
Vasquezv.Borja,74Phil.560(1944)
deGuiav.ManilaElectricCorporation,40Phil706(1920)
USv.Barias,23Phil434(1912)
Sarmientov.SpousesCabrido,401SCRA122(2003)
Crisostomov.CourtofAppeals,409SCRA528(2003)
Contraventionofthetenor(Art.1172)
Chavesv.Gonzales,32SCRA547(1970)
Telefastv.Castro,158SCRA445(1988)
Arrietav.NARIC,10SCRA79(1964)
Magatv.Medialdea,206Phil341(1983)