1ST PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Describe the disease process, signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, possible complications and
treatment.
Remember to reference source.
Pathophysiology:
Depression is when one has feelings of being blue or sad, which then causes an
interference with ones daily life. There are several forms of depression. Major
depression is characterized by severe symptoms that interfere with work, sleep,
study, and ability to enjoy life. Persistent depressive disorder lasts for at least two
years and may have episodes of major depression along with times of less severe
symptoms.
Signs and symptoms:
People who have depressive illnesses do not all experience the same symptoms.
The severity, frequency, and duration may vary depending on the individual. The
following are signs and symptoms: persistent sad, anxious, or empty feelings,
feelings of hopelessness, pessimism, guilt, worthlessness, and helplessness. Other
symptoms include being irritable or restless, fatigue, decreased energy, loss of
interest in activities, difficulty concentrating, trouble with sleeping, thoughts or
suicide or suicide attempts. It is also common to have aches or pains, headaches,
cramps or digestive problems that do not get better with treatment.
Diagnosis:
The first step is to visit a doctor. Certain medications and some medical conditions
can cause the same symptoms as depression. Your doctor may refer you to a
mental health professional where you will discuss depression and or other mental
disorders. Any other illnesses could be linked to depression and therefore need to
be treated as well.
Treatment:
Once a person is diagnosed, they can take several routes of treatment, the most
common being medication and psychotherapy. Medications that can be taken are
antidepressants such as Prozac, Zoloft, Lexapro, or Celexa. Tricyclics are an older
class of antidepressants and include imipramine and nortriptyline. Monoamine
oxidase inhibitors are the oldest antidepressants. There are two main types of
psychotherapies used to treat depression; cognitive behavioral therapy and
interpersonal therapy.
Source:
Depression. Retrieved from
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression/index.shtml#part_145398