Professional Documents
Culture Documents
NPCS - Codes SMKT PDF
NPCS - Codes SMKT PDF
Product
Classification
For
Services Sector
Contents
Preface
Page no.
(i)
(iii)
Section - 5
Constructions and
Construction services
1-18
Section - 6
19-39
Section - 7
40-47
Section - 8
48-72
Section - 9
73-83
Explanatory Notes
84-90
Sub
Class
Product
code
Heading
No.9953
Constructions
Group 99531
Buildings
995311
Residential Buildings
9953111
99531110
9953112
99531212
99531213
Storage buildings
99531219
99531221
99531222
Exhibition halls
99531223
99531224
99531225
Office buildings
Air, rail or road transport terminals
Parking garages and petrol and service
stations
Commercial buildings n.e.c.
Other non-residential buildings
Hotels, motels, inns, hostels, restaurants and
similar buildings
Schools, colleges, universities, libraries,
archives and museums
99531121
99531122
99531123
99531124
99531125
99531129
995312
9953121
99531211
9953122
99531229
9953129
99531291
99531292
99531293
99531294
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
99531295
99531296
99531297
99531299
Group 99532
995321
9953211
99532111
99532112
99532113
99532114
99532119
99532121
District Roads
Village Roads including Panchayat Roads
Safety installations for highways, roads etc.
Highways (except elevated highways), streets
and roads n.e.c.
Railways
Broadgauge
99532122
99532123
99532124
Metergauge
Narrowgauge
Metro railways
99532125
99532126
99532127
99532128
99532129
9953212
9953213
99532131
99532132
99532133
99532139
995322
9953221
99532211
99532212
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
99532213
99532214
99532215
99532219
9953222
99532221
99532222
99532223
99532224
Railway tunnels
Tunnels and related underground
constructions for underground railway traffic
99532229
tunnels n.e.c.
Harbours, waterways, dams, irrigation and
other waterworks
995323
9953231
Aqueducts
Water supply conduits other than aquaducts
Aqueducts and other water supply conduits,
except pipelines n.e.c.
Harbours, waterways and related facilities
99532321
99532322
99532323
99532324
99532325
99532326
99532329
9953232
9953233
99532331
99532332
99532333
99532339
9953234
99532341
99532342
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
99532349
99532411
99532412
99532413
99532414
99532419
995324
9953241
9953242
995325
9953251
99532511
99532512
99532513
99532514
99532515
99532519
99532521
99532522
9953252
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
99532523
99532524
Television cables
Cable for transformer stations and substations for distribution within local boundaries.
99532529
9953253
99532531
99532532
99532533
99532539
995326
9953261
99532611
99532612
99532613
99532614
99532615
99532619
9953262
99532621
99532622
99532623
99532624
99532629
9953269
99532691
99532692
99532693
99532694
99532695
99532696
Iron foundries
Manufacturing facilities of metals other than
iron
Specialized facilities for manufacturing n.e.c
99532699
Class
Sub
Class
995327
9953270
Product
code
99532701
99532702
99532703
99532704
99532705
99532706
99532709
995329
9953290
99532901
99532902
99532903
99532904
99532909
Heading No.9954
Construction services
Group 99541
995411
99541110
9954112
99541121
99541122
99541123
99541124
99541125
99541126
99541128
99541129
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
995412
9954121
99541212
99541213
99541214
99541218
99541219
9954122
99541221
99541222
99541223
99541224
99541225
99541226
99541227
99541229
99541291
9954129
99541292
99541293
99541294
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
99541295
99541296
99541297
99541298
99541299
Group 99542
995421
9954211
99542111
99542113
99542114
99542116
99542117
99542118
99542119
9954212
99542121
99542122
99542123
99542124
99542125
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
99542126
99542127
99542128
99542129
99542131
99542132
99542133
99542134
9954213
99542138
99542139
995422
9954221
99542214
99542215
99542216
99542218
99542219
9954222
99542221
99542222
99542223
99542224
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
99542225
99542228
99542229
995423
9954231
99542311
99542312
99542314
99542319
9954232
99542321
99542322
99542323
99542324
99542325
99542326
99542327
99542328
99542329
9954233
99542331
99542332
99542333
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
99542334
99542338
99542339
9954234
99542341
99542342
99542343
99542348
99542349
995424
9954241
99542411
99542412
99542413
99542414
99542415
99542418
99542419
9954242
99542421
99542422
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
99542423
99542424
99542425
99542426
99542427
99542428
99542429
995425
9954251
9954252
99542521
99542522
99542523
99542524
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
99542526
99542527
99542528
99542529
9954253
99542531
99542532
99542533
99542535
99542538
99542539
995426
9954261
99542611
99542612
99542613
99542614
99542615
99542617
99542619
9954262
99542621
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
99542622
99542623
99542624
99542625
99542628
99542629
9954269
99542691
99542692
99542693
995427
99542694
99542695
99542696
99542697
99542698
99542699
9954270
99542701
99542702
99542703
99542704
14
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
99542705
99542706
99542707
99542708
99542709
995429
9954290
99542901
99542902
99542903
99542904
99542905
99542908
99542909
Group 99543
995431
9954310
99543101
99543102
99543103
99543109
995432
9954320
99543201
99543202
99543203
99543204
15
Class
995433
Sub
Class
Product
code
99543205
99543209
9954330
99543301
99543302
99543309
995434
9954341
99543411
99543412
99543413
9954342
99543419
99543420
Group 99544
995440
9954400
99544001
99544002
99544003
99544009
Group 99545
995451
9954511
9954512
99545110
99545120
9954521
9954522
9954530
99545210
99545220
99545300
995452
995453
995454
9954540
99545400
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
995455
995456
995457
995459
Group 99546
9954550
9954560
9954570
9954590
99545500
99545600
99545700
99545900
995461
9954611
9954612
9954613
9954614
9954619
99546110
99546120
99546130
99546140
99546191
99546192
99546193
99546199
9954621
9954622
99546210
99546220
9954631
9954632
99546310
99546320
9954640
9954650
99546400
99546500
9954691
9954699
99546910
99546990
9954710
9954720
9954730
99547100
99547200
99547300
995463
Group 99547
995471
995472
995473
99546194
995462
995464
995465
995469
Concrete services
16
Glazing services
Plastering services
Painting services
17
Class
Sub
Class
Product
code
995474
9954740
99547400
995475
9954750
99547500
995476
9954760
99547600
995477
9954770
99547700
995479
9954790
99547900
18
Class
Subclass
Product
code
Description
Heading No.9961
Group 99611
996111
9961111
99611111
99611112
99611113
99611114
99611115
99611116
99611117
99611118
99611119
9961112
99611121
99611122
9961113
99611131
99611132
99611139
9961114
99611141
99611142
99611143
99611144
99611145
99611146
99611149
9961115
9961119
996112
99611151
99611152
99611153
99611190
Paddy/rice
Wheat
Other Cereals
Pulses
Oilseeds and oleaginous fruits
Sugar crops
Seeds
Animal feed
Grains, oilseeds and oleaginous fruits, seeds and animal
feed n.e.c
Flowers and plants
Flowers
Plants
Unmanufactured tobacco
Pan leaves
Opium, ganja, cinchona
Unmanufactured tobacco n.e.c.
Live animals, including pet animals
Buffalo
Goats and kids
Sheep and lamb
Pack animals
Pigs
Poultry
Others n.e.c.
Hides, skins and leather
Hides
Skins
Leather
Agricultural raw materials, n.e.c.
Food, beverages and tobacco
19
Class
Subclass
Product
code
9961121
99611211
99611212
99611213
99611214
99611215
99611216
99611217
99611218
99611219
9961122
9961123
9961124
99611221
99611222
99611223
99611224
99611225
99611226
99611227
99611228
99611229
99611230
99611241
99611242
99611243
9961125
99611251
99611252
99611253
9961126
99611261
99611262
99611263
99611264
99611269
9961127
9961128
9961129
99611271
99611272
99611273
99611280
Description
Fruits and vegetables
Bananas
Apples
Oranges
Grapes
Mangoes
Potato including sweet potato
Onions
Peas
Fruits and vegetables n.e.c
Dairy products, eggs and edible oils and fats
Fresh milk
Ghee, butter and butter oil
Cheese , cream and khoya /mava/kova
Milk powder and granules
Eggs
Groundnut oil
Mustard oil
Other edible oils
Dairy products, eggs and edible oils and fats n.e.c
Meat, poultry and game
Fish and other seafood
Fish
Seafood other than fish
Aquatic plants and animals
Sugar confectionery and bakery products
Bakery products
Sugar
Cocoa, chocolate and sugar confectionery
Beverages
Spirituous beverages
Wines
Malt liquors and malt
Soft drinks and bottled mineral water
Other beverages n.e.c.
Coffee, tea and spices
Coffee
Tea
Spices
Tobacco products
Food products n.e.c.
20
Class
Subclass
Product
code
99611291
99611292
99611293
99611299
996113
9961131
99611311
99611312
99611321
99611322
99611329
99611331
99611332
99611333
Articles of clothing
Clothing accessories
Artificial fur and articles thereof
Footwear
Footwear other than sports
Footwear for sports
Parts of footwear
Other footwear n.e.c.
Household appliances, articles and equipment
Household furniture
Radio and television equipment and recorded audio and
video disks and tapes
9961133
9961134
99611341
99611342
99611343
99611349
996114
99611410
9961142
9961143
9961144
99611421
99611423
99611430
99611440
Transmission equipment
Recorded audio and video disks and tapes
Articles for lighting
Household appliances
Miscellaneous household utensils, cutlery, crockery,
glassware, china and pottery
99611451
99611452
99611459
99611460
9961145
9961146
99611319
9961132
9961141
Description
21
Class
Subclass
Product
code
996115
9961151
99611511
99611512
99611513
99611514
99611515
99611516
99611519
9961152
9961153
9961154
Description
Miscellaneous consumer goods
Books, newspapers, magazines and stationery
Books, in print
Newspapers and periodicals, daily, in print
Newspapers and periodicals, other than daily, in print
printed maps, post cards etc.
Stamps, cheques, banknotes, stock certificates etc.
Registers, note books, dairies, letter pads etc.
Books, newspapers, magazines and stationery n.e.c
Photographic, optical and precision equipment
99611521
99611522
99611530
99611541
99611542
9961155
99611551
99611552
99611559
99611561
99611562
99611563
99611569
9961156
9961159
99611591
99611592
99611593
996116
9961161
9961162
99611621
99611622
99611623
9961163
99611631
99611632
99611633
Class
Subclass
9961164
9961165
Product
code
99611639
99611640
99611650
996117
9961171
9961172
9961173
99611711
99611712
99611713
99611714
99611715
99611716
99611719
99611720
99611730
9961174
99611740
9961175
9961176
99611750
99611760
99611811
99611812
99611821
99611822
99611823
99611829
996118
9961181
9961182
9961183
99611841
99611842
Packaged software
9961184
9961185
9961186
Description
99611860
23
Class
Subclass
Product
code
9961187
99611870
99611882
99611883
9961188
99611881
99611889
9961189
99611891
99611892
99611893
99611894
99611895
99611896
99611897
99611899
996119
9961191
99611911
99611912
99611913
99611914
99611919
99611922
99611923
9961192
99611921
99611924
99611925
99611926
99611927
99611928
9961193
Description
99611929
99611930
Class
Subclass
Product
code
9961194
99611940
9961195
99611950
9961197
9961198
9961199
99611970
99611980
99611991
99611992
Group 99612
996121
Description
Paper and paperboard
Waste and scrap and materials for recycling
Electricity
Water
Non-metallic minerals and other products n.e.c.
Stone, sand and clay
Other minerals
Wholesale trade services on a fee or contract basis
Agricultural raw materials and live animals
Grains, oilseeds and oleaginous fruits, seeds and animal
feed
9961211
99612110
9961212
9961213
9961214
9961215
9961219
99612120
99612130
99612140
99612150
99612190
9961221
9961222
9961223
9961224
99612210
99612220
99612230
99612240
9961225
99612250
9961226
9961227
9961228
9961229
99612260
99612270
99612280
99612290
9961231
99612310
9961232
99612320
9961233
99612330
9961234
9961239
99612340
99612390
9961241
99612410
9961242
99612420
Footwear
Textiles, clothing and footwear n.e.c.
Household appliances, articles and equipment
Household furniture
Radio and television equipment and recorded audio and
video disks and tapes Articles for lighting
9961243
9961244
99612430
99612440
996122
996123
996124
Articles of lighting
Household appliances
25
Class
Subclass
Product
code
Description
9961245
99612450
9961246
99612460
9961249
99612490
996125
9961251
9961252
9961253
9961254
9961255
9961256
9961259
99612510
99612520
99612530
99612540
99612550
99612560
99612590
9961261
9961262
9961263
9961264
9961265
9961269
99612610
99612620
99612630
99612640
99612650
99612690
9961271
9961272
9961273
9961274
99612710
99612720
99612730
99612740
9961275
99612750
9961276
99612760
9961281
99612810
9961282
99612820
9961283
99612830
9961284
99612840
9961285
99612850
9961286
99612860
9961287
99612870
996126
996127
996128
Cleaning materials
Machinery, equipment and supplies
Motor vehicles, motorcycles, snowmobiles and related
parts and accessories
Other transport equipments, except bicycles
Office machinery and equipment including office furniture
26
Class
Subclass
Product
code
Description
9961288
99612880
9961289
99612890
996129
9961291
9961292
9961293
9961294
9961295
9961296
9961297
9961299
Heading No. 9962
99612910
Metal ores and metal in primary forms
99612920
Wood in the rough
99612930
Paper & paperboard
99612940
Waste and scrap and materials for recycling
99612950
Electricity
99612960
Water
99612970
Non-metallic minerals and other products n.e.c.
99612990
Retail trade services
Group 99621
Non-specialized store retail trade services
Specialized store retail trade services
Agricultural raw materials and live animals
Grains, oilseeds and oleaginous fruits, seeds and animal
feed
996210
9962100
Group 99622
996221
9962100
9962211
99622110
9962212
9962213
9962214
9962215
9962219
99622120
99622130
99622140
99622150
99622190
9962221
9962222
9962223
9962224
9962225
9962226
9962227
9962228
9962229
99622210
99622220
99622230
99622240
99622250
99622260
99622270
99622280
99622290
9962231
99622310
9962232
99622320
9962233
99622330
9962234
99622340
Footwear
27
996222
996223
Class
Subclass
Product
code
996224
9962241
99622410
9962242
99622420
9962243
9962244
99622430
99622440
9962245
99622450
9962246
99622460
9962251
9962252
99622510
996225
9962253
9962254
99622521
99622522
99622530
9962255
9962256
9962259
99622541
99622542
99622550
99622560
99622590
9962261
9962262
9962263
9962264
9962265
99622610
99622620
99622630
99622640
99622650
9962271
9962272
9962273
9962274
9962275
9962276
99622710
99622720
99622730
99622740
99622750
99622760
99622996
996227
996228
9962281
9962282
99622811
99622812
99622813
99622814
99622820
Description
Household appliances, articles and equipment
Household furniture
Radio and television equipment and recorded audio and
video disks and tapes
Articles for lighting
Household appliances
Miscellaneous household utensils, cutlery, crockery,
glassware, china and pottery
Wickerwork, cork goods, cooper's ware and other wooden
ware
Miscellaneous consumer goods
Books, newspapers, magazines and stationery
Photographic, optical and precision equipment
Photographic equipment
Optical & precision equipment
Games and toys
Watches, clocks and jewellery
Watches & clocks
Jewellery
Sports goods (incl. bicycles)
Leather goods and travel accessories
Miscellaneous consumer goods n.e.c.
Construction materials and hardware
Construction materials and flat glass
Fittings, fixtures and ceramic sanitary fixtures
Wallpaper and floor coverings
Paints, varnishes and lacquers
Hardware and hand tools
Chemical and pharmaceutical products
Basic industrial chemicals and synthetic resins
Fertilizers and agrochemical products
Pharmaceutical products
Medical and orthopedic goods
Perfumery articles, cosmetic articles and toilet soaps
Cleaning materials
Machinery, equipment and supplies
Motor vehicles, motorcycles, snowmobiles and related
parts and accessories
Cars
Buses
Other commercial vehicles
Related parts & accessories of all Motor vehicles
Other transport equipment, except bicycles
28
Class
Subclass
Product
code
Description
9962283
99622830
9962284
99622840
9962285
99622850
9962286
99622860
9962287
99622870
9962288
99622880
9962289
99622890
9962291
9962292
9962293
9962294
9962295
9962296
9962297
9962299
99622910
99622920
99622930
99622940
99622950
99622960
99622970
99622990
996229
Group 99623
996231
9962310
996232
9962320
996233
9962330
996234
9962340
996235
9962350
996236
9962360
996237
9962370
996238
9962380
996239
9962390
Group 99624
996240
9962400
99623100
99623200
99623300
99623400
99623500
99623600
99623700
99623800
99623900
99624000
Group 99625
9962511
99625110
9962512
9962513
9962514
9962515
99625120
99625130
99625140
99625150
996251
29
Class
Subclass
Product
code
9962519
99625190
9962521
9962522
9962523
9962524
99625210
99625220
99625230
99625240
9962525
99625250
9962526
9962527
9962528
9962529
99625260
99625270
99625280
99625290
9962531
99625310
9962532
99625320
Beverages
Coffee, tea and spices
Tobacco products
Food products n.e.c.
Textiles, clothing and footwear
Yarn and fabrics
Household linens, curtains, net curtains and diverse
household articles of textile materials
9962533
99625330
9962534
9962539
99625340
99625390
9962541
99625410
9962542
99625420
Footwear
Textiles, clothing and footwear n.e.c.
Household appliances, articles and equipment
Household furniture
Radio and television equipment and recorded audio and
video disks and tapes Articles for lighting
9962543
9962544
99625430
99625440
9962545
99625450
Articles of lighting
Household appliances
Miscellaneous household utensils, cutlery, crockery,
glassware, china and pottery
9962546
99625460
9962549
99625490
9962551
9962552
9962553
9962554
9962555
9962556
9962559
99625510
99625520
99625530
99625540
99625550
99625560
99625590
996252
996253
996254
996255
996256
Description
Agricultural raw materials n.e.c.
Food, beverages and tobacco
Fruits and vegetables
Dairy products, eggs and edible oils and fats
Meat, poultry and game
Fish and other seafood
Sugar confectionery and Sugar confectionery and bakery
products
Subclass
Product
code
9962561
9962562
9962563
9962564
9962565
9962569
99625610
99625620
99625630
99625640
99625650
99625690
9962571
9962572
9962573
9962574
99625710
99625720
99625730
99625740
9962575
99625750
9962576
99625760
9962581
99625810
Cleaning materials
Machinery, equipment and supplies
Motor vehicles, motorcycles, snowmobiles and related
parts and accessories
9962582
9962583
99625820
99625830
9962584
9962585
99625840
99625850
9962586
99625860
9962587
99625870
9962588
99625880
9962589
99625890
9962591
9962592
9962593
9962594
9962595
9962596
9962597
9962599
Heading No. 9963
Group 99631
99625910
99625920
99625930
99625940
99625950
99625960
99625970
99625990
Class
996257
996258
996259
Description
Construction materials and flat glass
Fittings, fixtures and ceramic sanitary fixtures
Wallpaper and floor coverings
Paints, varnishes and lacquers
Hardware and hand tools
Construction materials and hardware n.e.c.
Chemical and pharmaceutical products
Basic industrial chemicals and synthetic resins
Fertilizers and agrochemical products
Pharmaceutical products
Medical and orthopedic goods
Perfumery articles, cosmetic articles and toilet soaps
Class
Subclass
Product
code
Description
9963111
99631110
9963112
99631120
9963113
99631130
9963114
99631140
996312
9963120
996313
9963130
Group 99632
99631200
99631300
996311
996321
9963210
99632100
996322
9963220
99632200
996329
9963290
Group 99633
996331
9963310
99632900
99633101
996332
996339
9963320
9963391
9963392
9963393
9963399
99633102
99633103
99633200
99633910
99633920
99633930
99633991
99633992
99633999
Group 99634
996340
9963400
Heading No. 9964
Group 99641
996411
Class
Subclass
9964111
9964112
Product
code
Description
9964113
9964114
99641140
9964115
9964116
99641150
99641160
9964117
99641170
9964118
9964119
99641180
99641190
9964121
99641210
9964122
99641220
9964129
99641230
9964131
9964132
9964133
9964134
Group 99642
996421
9964210
99641310
99641320
99641330
99641340
99642101
99642102
99642103
996412
996413
33
Class
Subclass
Product
code
Description
99642104
99642105
99642106
99642107
99642108
99642109
996422
9964221
99642210
9964222
99642220
9964223
99642230
996423
9964231
99642311
99642312
9964232
99642321
99642322
9964239
9964241
99642410
9964242
99642420
99642391
99642392
996424
34
Subclass
Product
code
9964243
99642430
9964244
99642440
996425
9964250
Heading No. 9965
Group 99651
99652500
9965111
99651110
9965112
99651120
9965113
99651130
9965114
99651140
9965115
99651150
9965116
9965117
9965118
9965119
99651160
99651170
99651180
99651190
9965121
99651210
9965122
9965123
9965124
9965125
99651220
99651230
99651240
Class
996511
996512
9965126
9965129
99651251
99651252
99651253
99651254
99651255
99651259
99651260
99651290
996513
9965131
99651311
99651312
Description
35
Class
Subclass
9965139
Product
code
99651313
99651314
99651390
Group 99652
996521
Description
Transport services via pipeline of water
Transport services via pipeline of sewerage
Transport services via pipeline of other goods n.e.c.
Water transport services of freight
Coastal and transoceanic (overseas) water transport
services of freight
Coastal and transoceanic (overseas) water transport
services of freight by refrigerator vessels
9965211
99652111
99652112
9965212
99652121
99652121
9965213
99652131
99652132
99652190
9965221
99652210
9965222
9965229
Group 99653
99652220
99652290
9965219
996522
996531
9965311
9965319
996532
9965320
Heading No. 9966
99653110
99653190
99653200
Group 99660
996601
9966011
9966012
99660110
99660120
Class
Subclass
Product
code
996602
9966021
99660211
99660212
9966022
99660221
99660222
9966023
99660230
9966024
99660240
99660310
99660320
996603
9966031
9966032
Heading No.9967
Group 99671
996711
9967110
996719
9967190
Group 99672
99671101
99671102
99671103
99671900
996721
9967210
996722
9967220
996729
9967290
Group 99673
99672100
996731
9967310
996739
9967390
Group 99674
99673100
99673900
996741
99672900
9967410
99674101
99674102
99674103
996742
Description
9967420
99674201
Class
Subclass
996743
996744
996749
9967430
9967440
9967490
Product
code
99674202
99674300
99674400
99674900
Group 99675
996751
Description
Operation services of bridges and tunnels
Parking lot services
Towing services for commercial and private vehicles
Other supporting services for road transport
Supporting services for water transport
Port and waterway operation services (excl. cargo
handling)
Port and waterway operation services (excl. cargo
handling), on coastal and transoceanic (overseas) waters
9967511
99675112
99675120
9967521
99675210
9967522
99675220
9967531
99675310
9967532
99675320
996759
9967590
Group 99676
9967610
996761
99675900
99675111
9967512
996752
996753
9967910
99679100
996799
9967990
Heading No. 9968
99679900
996762
9967620
996763
9967630
996764
9967640
Group 99679
996791
99676100
99676200
99676300
99676400
Group 99681
99681111
Postal services
Postal services related to letters
collection transport & delivery services for newspapers,
journals etc. for domestic destination
99681112
996811
9968111
38
Class
Subclass
9968112
9968113
9968119
Product
code
Description
99681113
99681114
99681120
99681130
99681191
99681192
996812
9968120
996813
9968130
Heading No. 9969
99681201
99681202
99681300
Group 99691
99691110
99691120
99691200
9969210
99692100
996922
9969220
99692200
996923
9969230
99692300
996911
996912
Group 99692
9969111
9969112
9969120
996921
39
Subclass
Product
code
Group 99711
997111
997112
9971110
9971121
9971129
99711100
997113
9971131
9971132
9971133
99711310
99711320
99711330
9971134
9971135
99711340
99711351
99711352
99711353
99711359
997114
997119
9971139
9971140
9971190
Group 99712
997120
9971200
Group 99713
997131
9971311
Description
99711390
99711400
Credit-granting services
Residential mortgage loan services
Non-residential mortgage loan services
Personal non-mortgage loan services for nonbusiness purposes
Credit card loan services
Non-mortgage loan services for business purposes
Granting loans to investment dealers and brokers,
etc.
Granting loans to individuals
Stand-by commitment and other loan services
Non-mortgage loan services for business purposes,
n.e.c.
Other credit-granting services n.e.c
Financial leasing services
Other financial services, except investment
banking, insurance services and pension
services
Class
Subclass
9971312
9971313
997132
9971321
9971322
997133
9971331
9971332
Product
code
Description
9971333
9971334
9971335
9971336
9971337
41
Class
Subclass
9971339
Group 99714
997141
9971410
997142
9971420
997143
9971431
9971432
9971433
9971434
9971435
9971436
9971439
Group 99715
Product
code
997151
9971511
9971512
99715110
9971519
99715121
99715122
99715123
99715129
99715190
9971521
9971522
9971523
99715210
99715220
99715230
9971530
99715300
997152
997153
997154
Description
Class
Subclass
Product
code
9971541
9971542
99715410
99715420
9971551
9971552
9971559
99715510
99715520
99715590
9971591
9971592
99715910
997155
997159
99715921
99715922
99715923
99715924
99715925
99715926
99715927
99715928
99715929
Group 99716
997161
997162
997163
997164
997169
Group 99717
997170
9971593
99715930
9971599
99715990
9971610
9971620
9971630
9971640
9971690
99716100
99716200
99716300
99716400
99716900
Description
Trust services
Custody services
Services related to the administration of financial
markets
Financial market operational services
Financial market regulatory services
Other financial market administration services
Other services auxiliary to financial services
Financial consultancy services
Foreign exchange services
Forex Transactions for the purpose of capital account
Forex Transactions for the purpose of Imports
Forex Transactions for the purpose of Transportation
and travel
Forex Transactions for the purpose of
Communication services & computer information
services
Forex Transactions for the purpose of Construction
services
Forex Transactions for the purpose of Insurance
services, financial services including royalties &
licence fee, transfers and income
Forex Transactions for the purpose of other business
services
Forex Transactions for the purpose of personnel,
cultural & recreational services
Forex Transactions for the purpose of others,
n.e.c.(This includes Govt. not included elsewhere)
Financial transactions processing and clearing house
services
Other services auxiliary to financial services n.e.c.
Services auxiliary to insurance and pensions
Insurance brokerage and agency services
Insurance claims adjustment services
Actuarial services
Pension fund management services
Other services auxiliary to insurance and
pensions n.e.c
Services of holding financial assets
Services of holding financial assets
43
Class
Subclass
9971701
9971702
Product
code
99717010
99717020
Heading No.9972
997211
9972111
99721111
99721112
99721119
9972112
99721121
99721122
99721123
99721129
997212
9972121
9972122
99721210
99721221
99721222
99721223
99721224
99721229
997213
Group 99722
997221
9972123
9972130
99721300
9972211
99722110
9972212
99722120
Description
Services of holding equity of subsidiary companies
Services of holding securities and other assets of
trusts and funds and similar financial entities
Real estate services
Rental or leasing services involving own or
leased property
Rental or leasing services involving own or leased
residential property
Rental or leasing services of houses, flats, apartment
buildings
Rental or leasing services of multiple use building
Rental or leasing services involving own or leased
residential property n.e.c.
Rental or leasing services involving own or leased
non-residential property
Rental or leasing services of factories, office
buildings, ware houses
Rental or leasing services of theatres, exhibition halls
etc.
Rental or leasing services of agricultural, forestry and
similar properties
Rental or leasing services involving own or leased
non-residential property n.e.c
Trade services of buildings
Trade services of residential buildings
Trade services of non-residential buildings
Factories, Office buildings, ware-houses
Theaters, multiple use buildings
Hotels
Agriculture, forestry properties
Trade services of non-residential buildings n.e.c.
Trade services of time-share properties
Trade services of vacant and subdivided land
Real estate services on a fee or contract basis
Property management services on a fee or
contract basis
Residential property management services on a fee
or contract basis except of time-share ownership
properties
Non-residential property management services on a
fee or contract basis
44
Class
Subclass
Product
code
9972213
99722130
9972221
99722210
9972222
99722220
9972223
99722230
9972230
9972240
99722300
99722400
997222
997223
997224
Division 9973
Group 99731
997311
9973111
99731110
9973112
99731120
9973113
99731130
9973114
99731141
99731142
99731143
Description
Time-share property management services on a fee
or contract basis
Building sales on a fee or contract basis
Residential building sales on a fee or contract basis,
except of time-share ownership properties
Non-residential building sales on a fee or contract
basis
Sale of time-share properties on a fee or contract
basis
Land sales on a fee or contract basis
Real estate appraisal services on a fee or
contract basis
Leasing or rental services without operator
Leasing or rental services concerning machinery
and equipment without operator
Leasing or rental services concerning transport
equipment without operator
Leasing or rental services concerning cars and light
vans without operator
Leasing or rental services concerning goods
transport motor vehicles without operator
Leasing or rental services concerning rail / road
vehicles without operator
Leasing or rental services concerning other land
transport equipment without operator
Motorcycles, caravans and campers without driver
Other land transport equipment without operator
Man or animal drawn passenger vehicles without
driver
Leasing or rental services concerning vessels
without operator
Leasing or rental services concerning aircraft
without operator
Leasing or rental services concerning containers
Leasing or rental services concerning other
machinery and equipment without operator
9973115
99731150
9973116
99731160
9973117
99731170
9973121
99731210
9973122
99731220
997312
45
Class
Subclass
Product
code
9973123
9973124
Description
Leasing or rental services concerning office
machinery and equipment (except computers)
without operator
99731231
99731232
Photocopiers
Fax machines, pagers etc.
99731233
99731239
99731240
9973125
99731251
99731252
9973129
99731291
99731292
99731293
99731294
99731295
99731296
99731297
99731299
Group 99732
997321
9973210
99732100
997322
9973220
99732200
997323
9973230
99732301
99732302
99732303
Product
code
Class
Subclass
997324
9973240
99732400
997325
9973250
99732500
997326
9973260
99732600
997327
9973270
99732700
997329
9973290
99732900
Group 99733
997331
997332
9973311
99733110
9973312
9973320
99733120
99733201
99733202
99733203
997333
9973330
99733300
997334
9973340
99733400
997335
9973350
99733500
997339
9973390
99733900
Description
Leasing or rental services concerning pleasure
and leisure equipment
Leasing or rental services concerning household
linen
Leasing or rental services concerning textiles,
clothing and footwear
Leasing or rental services concerning do-ityourself machinery and equipment
Leasing or rental services concerning other
goods n.e.c
Licensing services for the right to use intellectual
property and similar products
Licensing services for the right to use computer
software and databases
Licensing services for the right to use computer
software
Licensing services for the right to use databases
Licensing services for the right to use
entertainment, literary or artistic originals
Broadcasting and showing of original films, sound
recordings, radio and television programme etc.
Reproduction of original art works
Reprinting and copying of manuscripts, books,
journals and periodicals
Licensing services for the right to use R&D
products
Licensing services for the right to use
trademarks and franchises
Licensing services for the right to use mineral
exploration and evaluation
Licensing services for the right to use other
intellectual property products n.e.c.
47
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
Description
Group 99811
998111
9981111
99811110
9981112
99811121
99811122
9981119
998112
9981121
9981129
998113
9981130
48
Class
998114
Sub
Class
Product
Code
Description
99811302
99811303
99811401
99811402
99811403
9981140
Group 99812
998121
9981211
9981212
9981213
9981219
998122
9981221
99812210
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
Description
Research and experimental development services in other
humanities
9981229
9981300
99813000
Group 99814
998140 9981400
998211
9982110
99821100
998212
9982120
99821200
998213
9982130
50
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
Description
998232 9982320
Group 99824
998240 9982400
Group 99831
9982199
Group 99822
998221 9982210
998222
9982221
9982222
9982223
Group 99823
998231 9982310
998311
9983111
9983112
9983113
9983114
9983115
99831110
99831120
99831130
99831140
99831151
51
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
99831154
Description
Operations management consulting services concerning plant safety,
security and protection
9983117
99831176
998313
9983131
IT consulting services6
52
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
Description
99831311
99831312
99831313
9983132
53
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
99831418
Description
Engineering services including plant engineering, product design,
product development services 17
998315
9983151
9983152
99831511
99831512
9983159
998319
9983161
9983162
9983190
99831900
Group 99832
998321
54
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
Description
9983211
9983212
9983213
9983214
998322
9983221
9983322
9983323
99833234
99833235
99833239
9983324
55
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
Description
99833251
99833252
99833253
99833254
9983326
9983329
998333 9983330
Group 99834
998341
9983411
9983412
9983413
998342
9983421
9983422
998343 9983430
99833271
99833272
99833273
99833290
99833300
99834110
99834120
99834130
99834210
99834220
99834301
99834309
998344
Class
Sub
Class
9983441
9983443
9983444
9983449
Product
Code
Group 99835
998351 9983510
998352 9983520
998359 9983590
998362
Group 99836
998361
Description
9983611
9983612
9983619
Advertising services
99836110 Full service advertising
99836120 Direct marketing and direct mail services
99831690 Other advertising services n.e.c.
9983620
998363
9983632
9983633
9983639
Group 99837
998370 9983700
Group 99838
998381
9983811
9983812
9983813
9983814
9983815
99838110
99838120
99838130
99838140
57
Class
998382
Sub
Class
9983819
9983820
Product
Code
Description
99838202
99838203
99838204
99838209
Group 99839
998391
9983911
9983912
9983919
9983920
99839110
99839120
99839190
99839200
9983931
99839310
9983939
998394
998395
9983940
9983950
998396
9983960
998399
9983990
998392
998393
99841100
99841210
99841220
99841310
99841320
99841400
99841500
Class
Sub
Class
Group 99842
998421 9984210
998422
9984221
Product
Code
Description
9984222
998429
9984290
Group 99843
998431
9984311
9984312
9984313
998432
9984321
9984322
998433
9984331
9984332
998434
9984341
9984342
9984349
998439
9984391
9984392
Class
Sub
Class
9984393
9984394
9984399
Group 99844
998441 9984410
Product
Code
Description
998442 9984420
Group 99845
998451 9984510
998452 9984520
Group 99846
998461
9984611
9984612
99846110
99846120
9984621
9984622
99846210
99846220
998462
998463
9984631
9984632
9984633
99846330
9984634
Heading no. 9985
Group 99851
998511
9985111
9985112
9985121
9985122
9985123
998512
60
Class
Sub
Class
9985124
9985125
Group 99852
998521 9985210
Product
Code
Description
998522
998523
9985220
9985230
998524
9985240
998525
9985250
998529
9985290
Group 99853
998531 9985310
998532 9985320
998533 9985330
998534 9985340
Group 99854
998540 9985400
Group 99855
998551
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
9985511
9985512
9985513
9985514
99855110
99855120
99855130
99855140
9985519
9985521
9985522
9985523
9985524
99855210
99855220
99855230
99855240
9985531
99855310
9985539
99855390
9985540
9985550
99855400
99855500
9985561
9985562
Group 99859
998591 9985910
998592 9985920
998593
9985931
9985939
998594 9985940
998595
9985951
9985952
9985953
99855610
99855620
998553
9985954
998596
998597
998599
998552
998554
998555
998556
Description
9985961
9985962
9985970
99859100
99859200
99859310
99859390
99859400
99859510
99859520
99859530
Class
Sub
Class
9985991
9985999
Product
Code
Description
Heading no.9986
Group 99861
998611
9986111
9986112
9986119
99861111
99861112
99861119
99861120
99861191
99861192
99861193
99861210
99861290
99861300
99861400
99862110
99862190
Group 99863
998631
9986312
998632
9986320
99863200
998633
9986330
998634
9986340
99863400
998635
9986350
99863500
63
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
Description
Group 99871
998711
9987110
99871100
998712
9987120
99871200
998713
9987130
99871300
998714
9987142
9987143
99871430
9987149
998715
9987151
9987152
9987153
9987154
9987155
9987156
99871560
9987157
9987159
Group 99872
998721 9987210
998722 9987220
998723
998724
998729
9987230
9987240
9987290
64
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
Description
Group 99873
998731
9987310
99873100
998732
9987320
99872301
99872302
99872303
99872304
99872305
998733
9987331
9987332
9987333
998734
9987340
9987350
99873501
99873502
99873503
99873504
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
Description
9987360
998739
9987390
Group 99881
998811 9988110
998812 9988120
998813 9988130
998814
9988140
998815
998816
9988150
9988161
9988162
9988163
9988164
9988165
9988166
99881660
9988167
9988169
9988170
998817
998818
998819
9988181
9988182
9988183
9988184
9988190
Group 99882
998821
9988211
9988212
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
9988213
9988214
9988215
9988216
99882130
99882140
99882150
99882160
9988217
9988219
998822
9988221
9988222
9988223
998823
9988231
9988232
9988233
Group 99883
998831
9988311
9988312
9988313
9988314
9988319
998832
9988321
99882310
Description
Textile finishing services
Knitted and crocheted fabric manufacturing services
Made-up textile article manufacturing services
Carpet and rug manufacturing services
9988322
9988323
Group 99884
998841
998842
9988421
9988422
9988423
9988424
9988425
9988426
67
Class
998843
Sub
Class
Description
9988427
9988429
9988430
Group 99885
998851
998852
Product
Code
9988511
9988512
9988520
998853
9988531
9988532
9988533
9988534
988535
9988536
9988537
9988539
Group 99886
998860
9988601
9988602
Group 99887
998871
998872
9988711
9988712
9988713
9988720
998873
9988731
9988732
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
Description
9988733
9988739
998874
9988741
9988742
9988743
9988744
9988746
9988747
99887470
9988748
99887480
9988749
9988751
99887510
9988752
9988753
9988754
99887540 Other electronic and electric wire and cable manufacturing services
9988755
9988756
9988757
9988759
99887550
99887560
99887570
99887590
9988745
998875
9988761
9988762
9988763
9988764
9988765
9988766
9988767
99887670
9988768
998876
69
Class
Sub
Class
9988769
Product
Code
Description
998877
9988772
9988773
9988774
9988775
99887750
9988776
9988779
Group 99888
998881
9988811
9988812
9988813
9988821
9988822
9988823
9988824
9988825
9988826
9988827
99888240
99888250
99888260
99888270
9988829
998882
Group 99889
998890
9988901
9988902
9988903
9988904
9988905
9988906
9988907
99889010
99889020
99889030
99889040
99889050
99889060
70
Class
Sub
Class
9988909
Product
Code
Description
998912
9989121
Printing services
99891211 Newspaper printing services
99891212 Book printing services
99891213 Printing services directly onto plastic, glass, metal, wood or ceramics
9989122
9989123
Group 99892
998920
9989200
99892001
Group 99893
998931
9989310
99893101
99893102
998932
9989320
99893021
99893209
998933
9989330
99893301
99893302
99893303
99893304
99893305
71
Class
Sub
Class
Product
Code
99893306
Description
Manufacturing services of metal objects, directly from metal powders,
by heat treatment (sintering) or pressure
Materials recovery (recycling) services, on a fee or contract
basis
Group 99894
998941
9989410
99894100
998942
9989420
99894200
72
Sub
class
Heading No.
9991
Group 99911
Product
Code
Description
Public administration and other services provided to the
community as a whole; compulsory social security services
Class
Sub
class
Product
Code
Description
Group 99912
999121 9991210 99912100
999122
999123
999124
999125
999126
999127
9991220
9991230
9991240
9991250
9991260
9991270
99912200
99912300
99912400
99912500
99912600
99912700
74
Class
Sub
class
Product
Code
Description
75
Class
Sub
class
Product
Code
Description
Group 99924
999241 9992410
Class
Sub
class
Product
Code
Description
Other education and training services and educational
support services
Group 99929
999291
9992911 99929110
9992912
99929121
99929122
9992919 99929190
99929191
99929192
99929199
999292 9992920 99929200
Heading no.
9993
Group 99931
999311
9993111 99931110
99931910
99931920
99931930
99931940
99931950
99931960
99931970
99931991
clinics,
e.g.
dialysis,
Class
Sub
class
Product
Code
99931992
99931993
99931994
99931995
99931999
Group 99932
Description
Ayurveda
Unani
Naturopathy
Acupuncture/Acupressure
Other human health services n.e.c.
Residential care services for the elderly and disabled
999341
999349
9993491 99934910 Other social services without accommodation for the elderly
9993492 99934920
9993493 99934930 Other social services without accommodation for disabled adults
Group 99935
Class
Sub
class
Product
Code
Description
999422
Class
Sub
class
Product
Code
Description
Group 99951
Group 99959
999591 9995910
Religious services
Religious worship related services
Specialized religious services like marriage services
Missionary services
Services furnished by political organizations
Services furnished by other membership organizations
n.e.c.
Services furnished by human rights organizations
Services furnished by environmental advocacy groups
99959101
99959102
99959103
999592 9995920 99959200
999599
9995991 99959910
9995992 99959920
Class
Sub
class
Product
Code
Description
99961310
99961320
99961330
99961340
99961350
99961360
99961370
99961390
999614 9996140
9996140
999615 9996150
9996150
Group 99962
999621 9996210 99962100 Performing arts event promotion and organization services
999622 9996220 99962200 Performing arts event production and presentation services
999623 9996230 99962300 Performing arts facility operation services
81
Class
Sub
class
Product
Code
Description
999629 9996290 99962900 Other performing arts and live entertainment services n.e.c.
Group 99963
999631 9996310
99963101
99963102
99963103
99963104
99963105
99963106
99963109
999632 9996320 99963200
999633 9996330
9996411 99964110 Museum services except for historical sites and buildings
9996412 99964120 Preservation services of historical sites and buildings
Botanical, zoological and nature reserve services
999642
9996421 99964210 Botanical and zoological garden services
9996422 99964220 Nature reserve services including wildlife preservation services
Group 99965
Sports and recreational sports services
Sports and recreational sports event promotion and
999651
organization services
9996511 99965110 Sports and recreational sports event promotion services
9996512 99965120 Services of sports clubs
999652 9996520 99965200 Sports and recreational sports facility operation services
999659 9996590 99965900 Other sports and recreational sports services n.e.c.
Group 99966
Class
Sub
class
9996921
9996929
999693 9996930
999699 9996990
Heading No.
9997
Group 99971
999711 9997110
Product
Code
99969210
99969290
99969300
99969900
99971100
Description
99971300
99971400
99971500
99972100
83
Explanatory Notes
Section 8
Business process outsourcing (BPO) is the act of giving a third-party the responsibility of running
what would otherwise be an internal system or service. For instance, an insurance company might
outsource their claims processing program or a bank might outsource their loan processing system.
Other common examples of BPO are call centres and payroll outsourcing
Knowledge Process Outsourcing in simple words is the upward shift of BPO in the value chain. Old
BPO companies that used to provide basic backend or customer care support are moving up this
value chain. Unlike conventional BPO where the focus is on process expertise, in KPO, the focus is
on knowledge expertise. KPO is involved in services like valuation and investment research, patent
filing, legal and insurance claim processing, etc.
A back office is a part of most corporations where tasks dedicated to running the company itself take
place. The term comes from the building layout of early companies where the front office would
contain the sales and other customer-facing staff and the back office would be those manufacturing
or developing the products or involved in administration but without being seen by customers.
Although the operations of a back office are usually not given a lot of consideration, they are a major
contributor to a business. Examples of back-office tasks include IT departments that keep the phones
and computers running (operations architecture), accounting, and human resources. These tasks are
often supported by back-office systems: secure e-commerce software that processes company
information (e.g. a database). A back-office system will keep a record of the companys sales and
purchase transactions, and update the inventory as needed. Invoices, receipts, and reports can also be
84
produced by the back-office system. In banking, the back office includes a heavyweight IT
processing system that handles position keeping, clearance, and settlement. In investment firms, the
back office includes the administrative functions that support the trading of securities, including
record keeping, trade confirmation, trade settlement, and regulatory compliance. If used in sales, the
back office would include functions that fulfill customers orders and would usually include the
duties involved in customer-support call centers. Back offices may be somewhere other than the
headquarters of a company. Much of the time they are in areas and countries with cheaper rent and
lower labor costs. Back office functions can be outsourced to consultants and contractors in any
country.
Medical transcription (MT), also known as MT, is an allied health profession, which deals in the
process of transcription, or converting voice-recorded reports as dictated by physicians and/or other
healthcare professionals into text format.
5
These are voice processes which are typically scripted; most of the answers to the queries are found
in the database, system and work-flows. These processes require minimal training. Examples include
answering credit card queries of customers, customer verification etc.
These are processes with more complicated interactions, and are unscripted; require troubleshooting and substantial process and contextual training. Examples include late stage credit card
collections, answering queries on term deposits.
Advisory services that help clients assess different technology strategies and, in doing so, align their
technology strategies with their business or process strategies. These services support customers IT
initiatives by providing strategic, architectural, and operational and implementation planning.
It includes addressing all aspects of the customer's future solution and offering help in developing
solution requirement specifications. This also includes, but not limited to, the customer's IT
environment, requirements for future software upgrades, performance and scalability, hardware
compatibility if required, and usability for end users. In the end, the customer receives a thorough
project documentation package, eliminating typical offshore development risks.
Secure services that allow a representative to assist an end-user in solving computer problems, either
by showing what steps to take via screen sharing, or with permission, taking control of the desktop
and performing a task remotely. Remote Support is often used in conjunction with phone support.
These services are generally technical support, break/fix services or minor enhancements that are
delivered for specific software products or applications. These services include revenue delivered
from long-term technical support contracts or pay-as-you-go, incident-based support. These services
typically include remote troubleshooting capabilities, installation assistance and basic usability
assistance.
Maintenance of websites services include on going support to change the content of the current web
site files. An example of this is when data such as rates, photos or any current data changes. The
files, in turn, will need to be modified to reflect such changes. Once the web site is designed, a
maintenance program is available to continue to keep it up to date.
85
10
Basic data services are processes involving simple data entry and data conversion from one
electronic format to another. Examples include updating static data, entering customer request for a
new credit card in the system.
Data preparation services include data preparation services for clients not involving data
processing services and input data preparation services include data recording services such
as optical scanning or other methods of data entry
11
Integration services are detailed design, implementation and management services that link
applications (custom or packaged) to each other, or with the established or planned IT infrastructure.
Specific activities might include project planning, project management, detailed design or
implementation of application programming interfaces. These also include installation and on-going
maintenance of software packages (e.g. ERP or CRM solutions) and covers services such as
migration, upgrades, global rollouts, installation, ongoing production support.
System maintenance services includes a series of on-going routine actions, which repeat in all
platforms such as administration of operating systems, including testing, installation, upgrading, and
upkeep of systems and software, connectivity among systems, adjustment of software to peripheral
equipment and drivers, printer definitions, definition of users and user authorization, information
security, handling software malfunctions, installation and development of backup environments of
the central servers in all platforms and their on-going maintenance, including follow-up after
execution, restoring files from backup in case the users cannot do it themselves, definition of
guidelines and work environments, posting work instructions and user guides, handling software
licensing and renewal of software contracts, supporting communication software, Web servers, email, statistics packages, word processors, etc. , advice and instruction for support personnel and end
users, contact with lecturers for identification of needs, transferring material to public areas in order
to serve all, market surveys of commercial software and public domain software, maintenance of
central storage systems, disaster recovery planning, maintenance of the central servers,
administration of the Name Server and definition of new nodes, maintenance of Web servers and
handling of distribution lists etc.
Packaged IT software services include ready-made custom-built software and pre-build integrated
software designed to fulfil a whole range of business functions. It typically refers to upscale
enterprise software suites, such as ERP or CRM, including the shrinkwrap packages sold through
retail outlets. Packaged software, although ready-made, rarely comes ready-to-run. It typically
requires weeks or months of configuration work to set it up for the specific needs of each individual
business.
12
Customised application development services include creating new software applications or major
enhancements to support any added functionality required by clients. These applications are
customised for individual clients.
It also includes creating a computer program comprising of developing the program logic to solve
the particular problem, writing the program logic in a specific programming language (coding the
program), assembling or compiling the program to turn it into machine language, testing and
debugging the program and preparing the necessary documentation. The logic is generally the most
difficult part of programming. However, depending on the programming language, writing the
statements may also be laborious. One thing is certain. Documenting the program is considered the
most annoying activity by most programmers.
86
13
Geographic Information System (GIS) services include developing an information system that
captures, stores, analyzes, manages, and presents data that are linked to location. Technically, a GIS
is a system that includes mapping software and its application to remote sensing, land surveying,
aerial photography, mathematics, photogrammetry, geography, and tools that can be implemented
with GIS software. In the strictest sense, the term GIS describes any information system that
integrates, stores, edits, analyzes, shares, and displays geographic information. In a more generic
sense, GIS applications are tools that allow users to create interactive queries (user-created
searches), analyze spatial information, edit data, maps, and present the results of all these operations.
Geographic Information Science is the science underlying the geographic concepts, applications and
systems, taught in degree and GIS Certificate programs at many universities. In the simplest terms,
GIS is the merging of cartography and database technology. Consumer users would likely be
familiar with applications for finding driving directions, like a GPS program on their hand-held
device. GPS (Global Positioning System) is the real-time location component that uses satellites to
show your current position, "where am I now" on your device.
14
15
Research and analytics services refer to activities requiring problem solving, synthesis, and data
analysis and research skills. Examples include financial ratio analysis for corporate loans, writing
industry and company research reports etc.
Data mining is the process of extracting patterns from data. Data mining is becoming an
increasingly important tool to transform these data into information. It is commonly used in a wide
range of profiling practices, such as marketing, surveillance, fraud detection and scientific discovery.
Data mining can be used to uncover patterns in data but is often carried out only on samples of data.
16
In respect of computer system development services other than programming services, virtually all
organizations rely on computer and information technology to conduct business and operate
efficiently. Many institutions, however, do not have the internal resources to effectively design,
implement, or manage the products and systems that they need. When faced with such limitations,
organizations often turn to the computer systems design and related services industry.
Establishments in this industry design computer and information systems, develop custom software
programs, and provide computer facilities management services. They also may perform various
other functions, such as software installation and disaster recovery services. They generally work on
a contract basis, assisting an organization with a particular project or problem, such as setting up a
secure Web site or establishing a marketplace online, or for ongoing activities, such as the
management of an onsite data center or help-desk.
The embedded systems development services include services such as chip design Application
Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), Mechatronics integration of electronic and mechanical design,
embedded software design, board design, testing and prototyping. Major industries that use such
services are communication systems handsets and infrastructure, computing and storage and
medical equipment.
87
17
Plant engineering services include services such as plant layout, plant design including detailed
design, material flow simulations, process automation and optimisation. Oil and gas, food
processing, chemical industries and consumer packaged goods are some of the major industries
where such services are required.
Product design services Include services such as two and three dimensional design (including design
conversions), detailed design, production engineering tooling, fixtures, assembly line design etc.
and testing, rapid/final prototyping. Key skills required to deliver such services are CAD, CAM,
human simulation, virtual testing and physical testing,. Major industries that use such services are
automobiles, aerospace, industrial products and construction equipment.
Product development services Include development of multi-client software products, thereby
taking on the responsibilities of all aspects of the product lifecycle R&D, prototyping, testing,
maintenance, support and development of next generation of the products.
18
It includes a collection of components that work together to realize some objective forms of a
system. Basically there are three major components in every system, namely input, processing and
output.. In a system the different components are connected with each other and they are
interdependent. The objective of the system demands that some output is produced as a result of
processing the suitable inputs. System life cycle is an organisational process of developing and
maintaining systems. It helps in establishing a system project plan, because it gives overall list of
processes and sub-processes required developing a system. System development life cycle means
combination of various activities. In other words we can say that various activities put together are
referred as system development life cycle. In the System Analysis and Design terminology, the
system development life cycle means software development life cycle. The different phases of
software development cycle are: system study, feasibility study, system analysis, system design,
coding, testing, implementation and maintenance.
19
It includes basic network management such as fault and performance to include, configuration
management, change management, compliance management, application availability management
and application response time management. The current focus areas are integration (workflow,
portal, etc), usability and supporting wider variety of networks and devices. Networks today have
come a long way and have acquired varied technologies. Outsourcing network management and
control systems requirements has enabled enterprises to grow and focus on core businesses. Most
organizations today go for the managed services partner that can provide customized services with
state-of-the-art tools for managing network.
20
People tend to think of software as a commodity - something you buy off the shelf from a retailer,
like a computer or a television. When you buy a commodity, you own the physical object and all or
most of the commodity's value is intrinsic to that object. However, when you acquire software, its
value comes not from an object (such as the disk it is stored on) but from the knowledge of the
programmers who wrote the software. You do not own that knowledge; you are merely acquiring a
limited right to use it. In other words, software is an intellectual property, much like books or music.
When you buy a book, you own the ink and the paper, but not the words and thoughts of the author.
The same holds true for music, software and all other intellectual properties.
Intellectual property includes ideas and creative expressions that have commercial value. By
definition, these items are intangible and not easily defined or identified by their physical
parameters. Hence, they are copyrighted. A copyright is an Intellectual Property Right (IPR) and is
88
A web hosting service is a type of Internet hosting service that allows individuals and organizations
to make their own website accessible via the World Wide Web. Web hosts are companies that
provide space on a server they own or lease for use by their clients as well as providing Internet
connectivity, typically in a data center. Web hosts can also provide data center space and
connectivity to the Internet for servers they do not own to be located in their data center, called colocation.
22
Data base services include all services provided from primarily structured databases through a
communication network. Data bank services are provided by hosts directly or through information
brokers. These suppliers offer data banks on-line via telecommunication networks to customers,
which can use these databanks in dialogue.
Data processing & tabulation services include services such as data processing and tabulation
services, computer calculating services, and rental services of computer time.
On-line information and data base access or retrieval means providing data or information,
retrievable or otherwise, to a customer in electronic form through a computer network.
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) refers to the structured transmission of data between
organizations by electronic means. It is used to transfer electronic documents from one computer
system to another, i.e. from one trading partner to another trading partner. It is more than mere Email; for instance, organizations might replace bills of lading and even Cheques with appropriate
EDI messages. It also refers specifically to a family of standards, including the X12 series. However,
EDI also exhibits its pre-Internet roots, and the standards tend to focus on ASCII (American
Standard Code for Information Interchange)-formatted single messages rather than the whole
sequence of conditions and exchanges that make up an inter-organization business process.
Code conversion service is driven by the fact that companies have enormous investments in legacy
code for embedded applications. This code is deployed in the field and well understood. There is
incalculable risk in starting over. Advances in technology and increases in customer expectations are
driving industry to develop ever more complex products. Global competition forces industries to
shorten development cycles and achieve product goals with fewer resources. Code conversion
service involves migrating entire legacy code applications to executable specification models using
proprietary processes (solving Y2K problem is an example).
89
------------x--------------
90