‘the object affect how far the objec from the equilibrium Position. The initial velocity and initial Position also affect the motion of the spring. (We don’t always start at the equilibrium position.) If we neglect any damping forces (air cae resistance etc.) then the motion of the spring can be modeled by x(0) = 7 sin(or) + x9 c0s(a) where x(t)is the position of the object along the number line at time ¢. The other ‘quantities are constants: @ is a constant that depends on the stiffness of the spring and. velocity, and xis the initial position of the object. ‘Model the motion of a weight on a spring: ters below the equilibrium ‘Suppose a weight is set in motion from a position 3 position and with a downward velocity of 4 centime nd, (Please note that the vertical number line used for position is “upside down”. This is a convention from physics and it means that positions below equilibrium actually correspond to a positive value.) Assume that the spring stiffness and mass of the weight mean that @ = 2 for this system. Part I 1) Write the function x() that gives the position of the weight as a function of time ¢ in seconds, (Your function should consist of a sine term and a cosine term.) ALE) = Dsn(z)p Bees (2)x(A)= 2510 3) Use a graphing calculator (or online graphing utility) to graph the entire function from part (1). Use the window settings indicated below. Sketch what you see on your calculator display. Ce)tse(ah! =) 4) Write an equation for your calculator graph inthe form x(0) = Aeos{ B= C)]. (Use the trace or maximum feature of your graphing utility to help you find values for A, B, ‘and C. expect to see decimal approximations for these values.) W> 1.4 (or[2(p -0-24))ie wf bt te sm OTTO en omehS. The Changes on. gmbh = Vo dh YOde oF th while Fonction 6) Prove that the following is an identity (A is a positive constant) by filling in the blanks Asin psin(wt) + Acos¢.cos(wt) = Acos(at~ 4) Asin gsin(ax)-+ Aeosbeoster) [= AIS in ee Factor out A [Arcose tostwt) + Sinp Sil] sation = A[cos(ax) cos +-sin(ar)sing] | Commute Pope of =Acos(wr 9) Dienst Tor Part III: Rewrite an expression of the form e,|sin(ax) +[e,]cos(r) = [Asin d]sin(wt) +[Acosd]cos(or) in terms of a cosine function: Acos(et~9). Use the following definitions and your result from part I: Visvad Remvnder” Pas woteHad- q Qy Ca me pose bly Cot oe 4, is the amplitude of the cosine function and ¢, “phi”, is called the phase angle and is measured in radians. Ola = Asing = sing = @fe = Aeosp = cosp =ties nents) LaGeofsr-o-F| 7) Rewrite your funetion from part 1) in terms of a cosine function; Acos(at—). Show ee CE (22) + 2x(2t) < AVOHT gs t Oe Ae re = @=bs'(3) B Ga OS4 Xe) AGey(wk - &) AU)= VB Os (2b - 6-54) 8) Compare your function from part 4) and part 7), What do you observe? Write a one or ¢ntence explanation, toseteneecimaton Bol Fution> we almoy tha Somme, on He Ofe fom ca "did Mus Squne voted J7y ov E Wedd have gerten 3-6 wy, also It 1 : teath, ther ‘would Pas bart pore Beth fo He roves 4) 4= 3-6 06> (2 (y -0.r4) F) hz Jo ws (1-0-5)