1.

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1.1
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: secrecy, security, safety, insurance,
assurance, dependability.
H (Information Security)
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1.1 (3) .

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1.1:

(CCTV)

1.1 .

(), .
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1.2:

(username
password).

1.2 .

,
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:
,
.

: Merriam-Webster,
.

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:

(Computer Security):

.

(Communication Security):

.

,
(3) , :

(Confidentiality):
() .

(Integrity):
( ) .

(Availability): (
) , .

,
:

(Identification):
(.. ) (.. ).

(Authentication):
.

(Authorization):

,
.

(Non-Repudiation):
.

( )
. ,
,
.

1.2
,
, :

(asset) ( , )
(value) (owner)
.

(user),
(grant) / (privilege)
(access) .
(controller)
.

(danger).
.
(harm).

, ,
(interception) , (modification) , (fabrication)

 (interruption) ,
(threat) . :

,
.

,
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, ()
.

(attack).
.
(vulnerability)
.
:
o

(Human):
()
, (insiders),
.

: ,
(hardware)
(software).

(Media):
,
.

(Communications): ,
, .

(Physical):
(.. datacenters).

(Natural): (..
), ..

(impacts) ,
/
.

(controls)
(countermeasures), (.. , ,
)
. (cost)
.
,
1.2:

 1.2 .

,
( )

.

1.3

,
.
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, (Internet).
( 1960),

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ARPANET . ,

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, 4 (Internet Protocol version
4), ,
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, IPv4,
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,
.

 , ,
:

(masquerading):


.

(passive tapping):
, ..
.

(active tapping):
.

(repudiation):
(.. ) .

(denial of service):

.

(replay):
(playback)
(.. ).

(traffic analysis):
( ), /

.

(viruses, Trojan horses, worms):

.

,
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, :

:

..

:
,
..

:

( )
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()
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:
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1.4

, 2
.
3,
, (firewalls) (IDS),
.
, (Web
applications). 4 5, ,
, .
,
, . 6,
. ,
, 7
,
.
, 8
, ,
9


(PKI).
10,

(VPN) .
11, ,
, .
(),
(digital forensics) ,

,
( , , , ..),
12.

, 13,

.

., . (2002). . :
.
., ., . (2004). . :
.

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5. :
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6. :
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7. :
) Security.
) Assurance.
) Insurance.
) Police.
8. :
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9. - :
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10. :
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