Professional Documents
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Job Staisfaction 1997-Libre PDF
Job Staisfaction 1997-Libre PDF
EmployeeAssistance
Vol. l3(2) 1997
Quarterly,
O 1997by TheHaworthPress,Inc.All rightsreserved.
EMPLOYEEASSISTANCEQUARTERLY
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ASSISTANCE
EMPLOYEE
SUARTERLY
Vqriables
The items in the scale focused on the employee'sfeelings or
reactionstowardsaspectsof their jobs. Structuralcharacteristicsof
thejob (i.e.,actualvalueof wages,status,autonomy,etc.)werenot
consideredto be as importantin determiningemployeejob satisfaction as the reactionsofemployees to thosecharacteristics.For example,two employeeswith the samejob and rate of pay likely have
different opinionsaboutthe faimessof their wagesand conespondingly may have different levels of job satisfaction.Therefore,an
important psychologicalelementin determiningjob satisfactionis
ofthejob.
the reactionto the characteristics
by reviewingthe literaconducted
The initial item selectionwas
job
items
that addressedmajor
ture on
satisfactionand writing
facetsofjobs that have beenfound to be relatedtojob satisfaction.
As well, employeesfrom varioussettingswere askedto describe
the characteristics
of jobs that were importantto them and items
were written to representtheseconcepts.This approachproduced
an initial pool of 44 items.Each item had 5-pointLikert response
categoriesfrom strongly agreeto strongly disagree.Other variablesincludedin the studywere occupation,gender,age,personal
problems,and variousitemsmeasuringgeneralaffectand health.
D EM OGRAPHIC CHA RAC TER ISTICS
Occupation. Three questionsaddressedthe respondent'sexact
occupationwhich, usingStatisticsCanadaoriteria,werecodedinto
six broad groupings:(l) Managerial,Administrative;(2) Profes(4) Sales;
(3) Clericaland relatedoccupations;
sionalOccupations;
(5) Service;(6) Processing,Machining, ProductFabricating,Construction,Transporl,Equipment.
Genderand Age. Respondentswere also askedto indicatetheir
genderand age.
WorkplaceAffect. A seriesof 14 items examinedvarious affective characteristicsof the workplace:
Shift Work:
RESALTS
Factor Analysis
Factoranalyseswere conductedon the items from the initial item
pool. A set of l2 items consistentlydefinedthe first factor in proce_
IO
EMPLOYEEASSISTANCEQIJARTERLY
dures that extracted two, three, four, and five factors using both
Principal Componentsand Maximum Likelihood extractionhethods, as well as both VARIMAX (orthogonal) and OBLIMIN
(oblique) rotations.Theseprocedureswere followed to ensurethat
the factorswere stableacrossextractionand rotation methods.The
first factor was consistentlydefined by the sameset of variables.
When a threefactor solutionwasproduced,the first factorremained
intact while the secondfactor broke into two components.Similarly, when four and five factor solutionswere produied,only the first
factor remainedintact. Thus, the first extraCtedfactor wai considered to be robust acrossextractionmethods,as reconunendedbv
4anis (1967),and thereforea reliablemeasureof a singleconstruci.
Two.itemswere subsequentlydroppedbecausethey appearedto be
nearly identical with two other variablesand did not iignificantly
add to the reliability or validity of the scale.
A description of the remaining l0 items that defined the first
factor are shown in Table 2 along with their factor loadings obtained from a principal componentsanalysis.All of the loidings
were abovethe traditionalcut-offvalue of .30.Table2 alsopresents
TABLE2. ltemProperties
Loadlng
Label
.46
4.17
.86
.43
3.22
1.27
.n
3.98
.94
.70
3.27
1.19
I receive
recognition
forajobweltdone
.61
3.67
1.09
I feelgoodabout
wofiingatthiscompany
.57
3.44
1.00
lleelclose
tothepeople
atwork
.64
.t.o I
1.09
lleelsecure
about
myjob
t o',
1.27
I believe
managemont
isconcerned
aboutme
3.41
1.12
Onthewhols,
I believe
workisgood
l0rmy
physical
health
1.10
Mywages
aregood
.52
3.68
' 787
Number
olCases
,JU
I getalong
withsupervisors
Allmytalonls
andskills
areused
I feelgood
myjob
about
II
12
EMPLOYEEASSISTANCEQUARTERLY
I3
(p . .05)Correlations
TABLE3. Statistically
Signilicant
of Job Satisfaction
InsideandOutsidetheWorkplace
wilh Variables
Varlablss
Corrslrtlon
Coofllclonls
Characteristics
ol theJob
lncome
19
# of hourswofied
10
(preslige)
Blishen
13
Workplace
Atlect
lsolaled
-.54
Conlrol
.31
Dangor
-.19
Boredom
- .41
Jobsecurily
Reactions
General
Aflective
Happiness
.97
Healthy
.14
Lileslress
-.15
problems
Sleep
-.19
Feeling
wornoul
-.26
Personal
Problems
overhealth
Conlrol
.23
Getenoqhsleep
.25
Worry
aboulthings
lellbelore
PayDay
Nomoney
Children
need
counselling
-.12
isinlrouble
Ma.riage
-.11
Legal
difliculties
-.08
Dsirs
counselling
-.19
14
EMPLOYEEASSISTANCEQUARTERLY
Is
REFERENCES
Barrick,
M.R.,& Mount,M.K.(1991).
TheBigFivepersonality
dimensions
and
16
EMPLOYEEASSISTANCEQUARTERLY
A P P E N D IA
X
Scale
JobSatislaction
Foreachslalement,pleasecirclethe numberlo indicateyourdegreeol agreemenl.
Slrongly
Don't
Slrongly
DisagreeDisgree Know Agree Agree
tor a iob welldone
I receiverecognition
I leelgoodaboutworkingat lhiscompany
lleefsecureaboutmyiob
is concerned
I believemaragemenl
aboutmo
Mywagesaregood
ffeelgoodaboutmyiob
27-3l,-low'
highi39-41-high;32-3&-average,
42-50--very
Addscores.Interpretalion:
low.Thisscaleis moslaccuratelor employeesbetweenlhe agesof 25 and
1O-2$-very
60. Thoseunder25 tend to have lowerjob satislactionand those60 and over have
higherjob satisfaclion.The scale worksequallywell for malesand lemaleslrom all
of highscorers{ewsleepingproblems,happyin personal
occupattions.
Characteristics
lile, don't leel worn out at end oi day,don't desirecounsellingand rarelyworry.Job
can be improved
refleclshowhappyyou are withyourjob.Job salislaction
salisfaction
by eitherchangingone'sattitirdetowardstheiob or changingto a newiob environment.