Database

a database is basically a collection of information organized in such a way that a computer program can
quickly select desired pieces of data. You can think of a database as an electronic filing system.
Traditional databases are organized by fields, records, and files. A field is a single piece of information; a record is
one complete set of fields; and a file is a collection of records.

DBMS

A database management system (DBMS) is system software for creating and

managing databases. The DBMS provides users and programmers with a
systematic way to create, retrieve, update and manage data.

DIFFERENT CHARACTERISTICS OF DATABASE APPROACH

1. Represent Some Aspects of real world applications
A database represents some features of real world applications. Any change in the real
world is reflected in the database. If we have some changes in our real applications like
railway reservation system then it will be reflected in database too.
2. Manages Information
A database always takes care of its information because information is always helpful for
whatever work we do. It manages all the information that is required to us. By managing
information using a database, we become more deliberated user of our data.
3. Easy Operation implementation
All the operations like insert, delete, update, search etc. are carried out in a flexible and
easy way. Database makes it very simple to implement these operations.
4. Multiple views of database
Basically, a view is a subset of the database. A view is defined and devoted for a
particular user of the system. Different users of the system may have different views of
the same system.
5. Data for specific purpose

A database is designed for data of specific purpose.

6. It has Users of Specific interest
A database always has some indented group of users and applications in which these
user groups are interested.
7. Self Describing nature
A database is of self describing nature; it always describes and narrates itself.
8. Logical relationship between records and data
A database gives a logical relationship between its records and data.
9. Shelter between program and data
In traditional file management system, if any user makes changes in the structure of a
file then all the programs accessed by that file needed to be changed.

USERS OF DBMS
Application Programmers are computerprofessionals interacting with the system through
DML calls embedded in a program written in a host language
Sophisticated Users interact with the system without writing programs
Specialized Users are sophisticated users writing special database application programs.

Naive Users are unsophisticated users who interact with the system by using permanent
application programs (e.g. automated teller machine).

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF DBMS

1.Improved data sharing

The DBMS helps create an environment in which end users have better
access to more and better-managed data.
2.Improved data security
The more users access the data, the greater the risks of data security
breaches.

3.Better data integration

Wider access to well-managed data promotes an integrated view of the
organizations operations and a clearer view of the big picture.
Disadvantages
Increased costs

Database systems require sophisticated hardware and software and highly

skilled personnel.
Management complexity
Database systems interface with many different technologies and have a
significant impact on a companys resources and culture.
Maintaining currency

To maximize the efficiency of the database system, you must keep your
system current.