DIRECTORATE OF GOVERNMENT EXAMINATIONS, CHENNAI- 6 HIGHER SEONDARY EXAMINATION, MARCH 2016 KEY ANSWERS BIO- ZOOLOGY SECTION A 16x 1 = 16 Nott Choose the correct answer Each questo Answer all the questions | no 1 | b | Tetany Acrocenttic type © | Sewal Wright effect a_| Anatomical barrier d | Erythemia | Kaposis sarcoma ¢ | Photopsin 2 3 4 5 | a | Superior coticul : * us 7 8 9 | | Madavai 10 | & | Abactorium 41 | ¢ | Surtace impoundments | 12_| b | Translation | ' 13 | a | Louis Pasteur ! 14 | a |5t07.50m 15 | ¢ | Removal of thymus gland «¢ | Photopsin 16 | a |Twave d | ErythemiaNOTE: — Anawor any LIGHT quostions: OND. wv 19 20 SECTION B ANSWER Heo Lowy of Lamm, 1. In evolution, during course of tine, organisms oF thoir ponent parts gradually tond to Incroaso tn sizo.~2 Marks | 3 Marks 2. The madern Horses - Equus ~ va Mark 3. Ancoatral forms Hyracothorium OR Eohippus. Ye Mark Impertant Enalish breads 1, Sussex 2. Oxpington 3 Marks, 2. Austeaionp 4, Corinsh (Any three 3 X t= 3 Marks) Maamocytomotry, 1. The counting of blood coils alter propar dilution ts known as haemocylometry and the insitumon! used fo count the blood cols ‘n called haomooytomotor =2Marks | 9 Marks 2. Using hoamocytomotry mothod red colts platolots anc ‘eosinophils > ¥6 Marks 3, Now a days itis also usod lor counting colls of bactoria, yeast or algae, Marks. \fo-span 4. Life span is tho oldost ago to which a specios is known to survive. <1 YaMarks Life expectancy 3 Marks: 2. Life expectancy Is the avorage age thal a newborn infant can ‘expect to attain in any givon socioly. a1 Marks | Galis of earty embryo which are capablo of complete development and producing the whole organisms aro said to be totipotent = 1 Ya Marks Pluripotent ‘3 Marks: “The cells of embryos al a lator stago of development switch over Jom totipotent stato 10 pluripotent stato, The lator gives rise to development of specific tissues or organs. = 1 Ye Marks. J, Decrease in the bone marrow activity = 1 Mark 2.Peripheral haemolysis = 1 Mark | 3 Marks 3.Splonomegaly (enlarged spleen) and hepatomegaly(eniarged liven _ = 1 Mark 223 | Uses of transfacted cells 41.The production of chemicals and pharmaceutical drugs -1 mark | 2.Study of structure and function of genes “1 mark | 3 Marks 3.Production of transgenic animals of commercial value such as livestock animals and fishes. te 24 | Antisera 3 Marks, Sera having high antibody levels following infection or immunization are called immune sera or anti sera. 1. Very serious outcome of the falciparum infection is black water fever. = 1 Mark 2.It is characterized by the wholesome destruction of patient's erythrocytes = 1 Mark 2. The excretion of liberated haemoglobin in the urine. ~ 1 Mark. ‘Assimilation 4. From the lumen of the alimentary canal absorbed food materials are carried to the liver through hepatic portal vein. 2. Immunodeficiancy may result from Gene mutations, infections, ‘mainutrion, accidents. -2 Marks 2 From tho ler, materials are transported foal other regions of | 3 tanks the body for utisaton, = This conversion of food into energy and cellular organisation Is Called as assim 3X4 23 Marks 27 [anion a Sertol cells secrete a hormone is called inhibin. 1 YeMarks Function 3 Marks It inhibits the action of testosterone. 1 Marks 22 | Reason Tor Immunodeficiency Diseases + Immunodeficiency Diseases result from a defect in one or more Components ofthe innate oF adaptive immuniy. 1 Marks | 3 MarksSECTION-C Answer any THREE questions Question No 31 is compulsory [ano ANSWER _ ‘29 | Greater concentration & Lower concentration minerals Gxlanaters mark 1. Body building activities - Calcium, Magnesium and Phosphonis. 2 Physiological activities — oxygen transport -Iron 3. Hormone synthesis ~ lodine ‘, Intermediary metabolism ~ Manganese, Copper, Zinc 5 Marks 5. Constituents of the body fluids ~ Chiorine, Sodium and Potassiurn 6, Neuro- muscular irritability ~ Magnesium, Sodium and Potassium 7, Blood clotting — Calcium 8, Cardiac functions ~ Potassium and Calcium oe eee “xa Marks)! 30 | Viral diseases 1. Gencer 5 Marks 2. Rabies Virus 3. Pox vis | 4 Hepatiis~B: [compulsory quest Active immunity Immune response generated in the individual in question by a pathogen (or) vaccine = 1 Mark Passive Immunity conferred by transfer of imimune products, like antibodies etc from an Individual into a non ~ immune individuais = 1 Mark | 5 Marke Activation of adaptive immunity Explanation = 3 Mork 1.Every antigen is pracessed by antigen presenting cells (APC) , macrophages, B lymphocyles and dentric cals. 2.The processed antigen is presonted on the surface ct these cells. ‘3. A subgroup of T ceils called T helper cells, specifically interacts with the presented antigen and becomes activated. 4:The activated T helper cells then activate B cells, and a subgroup of T calls called cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs), in a specific manner. 5.The activated B and cytotoxic iymphocytes proliferate to produce clones. 6.AI the cells of 2 clone can recognize the same antigen and eliminate it 6X Ye=3 Marks1. To manulacture drugs and other file saving bloproducts such as insulin, growth hormones, Intorforons, cytokines and monoelonal antibodies. 2. For environmental management to reduce or abate the pollution load in soll or water. 6 Marks 3. In.waste recycling to increase productivity, 4. In plant breeding by the incorporation of usoful genos {tif genes = nitrogen tixing genes). 5. In bringing past resistance in agriculturo crops. & And in treatment ofdiseases by way ol geno therapy etc. | ‘$2 | Scope of Genetic Engineering Role of chrom osomal aberration in 6 Chromosomal aberration and typos 2 Marks Polysomy Explanation 1 Mark Potypioidy Explanation = 1 Mark — {5 Marks Chromosomal aberrations, polysomics. polyploidy provide ‘new directions for speciation and further avolution. ~ 1 Mark NOTE: Answer any 2 questions 2x10» 20 ANS MARKS ‘34 | T Gaseous exchange in the alveoll. Diagram +1 Mark Gaseous exchange tabla = 1 Mark I-oxide | water vapour | [inhaled 9 ~ variable —_| Exhaled % tod |) 40 Marks “Gaeas exchange at avooll—Explanalion —~ 3 Marke 1 Regulation of rospiration : 1, Medulla oblongata Respiratory center — 1 Mark 2 intercostals nerves, Phrenic norves. —1 Mark 3. Herring — Brauer reflex- Detinition 2 Marks: 4. The pneumotaxic center — Explanation __—1 Mark |