Simulations of free vibration (effect of M, K, C)

Having the system show in the Figure 1, we will analyze this system of free
vibration and its effects of manipulate mass, spring and damping constants.

Figure 1. MKC system

And its motion equation by Newtons laws is:

F ( t )=m x +c x + kx

(1)

Where m=2Kg, c=1Nm/s, k=5N/m and a force of 10N.

For simulate the system in Simulink of MATLAB, we have to clear the the
variable with the highest derivative order, in this case is

x =

F ( t ) c x kx
m

And the insert this equation in Simulink:

x
(2)

Figure 2. MKC system in Simulink

And first we have the graphic response of this system:

Figure 3. Graphic response of the Simulink system in the Figure 2.

As we can see, we have an over-damped system with a setting time is around
20 seconds.

If we change the damping constant (c) to 0, we have the net graphic:

In the figure 4 and 5 we change the damping constant to 0 and 10, in the figure
4 we can see that the system will never stops, because there isnothign to stop
it due to ther is no damping. In the other waywhen we change to 10 the
damping constant, we have no oscillation due to the high damping value, so it

Figure 4. Changing c=0, all the

rest remain constant.

Figure 5. Changing c=10, all

the rest remain constant.

goes rapidly to it stablished point.

In

Figure 6. Changing k=0, all the

rest remain constant.

Figure 7. Changing k=20, all

the rest remain constant.

the figure 6 and 7 we change the spring constant values, in the figure 6, k=0
so in the graphic represent when the object has no restriction to be joined to he
wall so the mass only goes to the infinite, but the figure 7 shows the change in
the gain and how the spring is more rigid, it wont let the mass displace enough
in comparisson with the initial case,

unless the force growth.

Figure 9. Changing m=10, all

the rest remain constant.

In this last two graphics we change the value of mass, for the figure 8 we
change too low value of mass and we can observed that it is like there have
two much damping, but the real thing is that the mass is almost nothing, there
is no manner to transmit all the inercia the force can make with an object with
a considerable mass. Instead, when we increase the mass the time oscillation is
longer, so the setting time increase too.

Simulations of force vibration (effect of M, K, C)

Figure 8. Changing m=0.0001,
all the rest remain constant.
figure:

For the case of force vibration, there

will be the same system as the Figure
1, but F=5*Sin(3t), so the Block
diagram in Simulink will be the next