C V MAI PHNG - KHA NG PHP

NHNG QUY LUT V S NG THUN

GIA CH NG V NG T
1. Hai ch
ng lin kt vi nhau bng lin t and th cn ng t s nhiu.
- Helen and Dorothy are here.
He len v Dorothy y.
Lu :

Nu hai ch ng tuy ni vi nhau bng and nhng li c xem nh l mt th ng t theo

sau vn s t.
- The president and CEO is Mr. Smith.
Ch tch (Hi ng qun tr) kim gim c iu hnh l ng Smith.
Cc t each v every ng trc nhng ch ng s t lin kt vi nhau bng lin t and th
ng t vn s t.
- Each boy and girl in the room gets only one vote.
Mi c cu trong phng ny ch c duy nht mt phiu bu.
- Nearly every teacher and student in this school is opposed to the new rule.
Hu nh mi gio vin v sinh vin trng ny u chng li quy nh mi.
2. Khi ch ng l nhng danh t lin kt vi nhau bng lin t or, nor hoc but hay cc cp lin
t tng quan nh neither... nor, either... or, not only... but also th ng t phi ng
thun vi ch ng no gn nht.
- Her car or Helens is always available. (1)
Xe ca c y hoc xe ca Helen lun lun sn sng.
- Not only the students but also the professor is going to attend. (2)
Khng ch sinh vin m c v gio s cng s tham d.
Vi cu c nhiu ch ng nhng u l s t nh th d (1) th khng c vn g, nhng khi gp
ch ng s t lin kt vi ch ng s nhiu (hoc ngc li) nh trong th d (2) th ta cn lu .
trnh lng tng trong vic dng ng t nh trong trng hp th d (2), khi vit nhng cu
c ch ng kp gm c danh t s t v s nhiu, ta nn t ch ng s nhiu nm gn ng t
(v dng ng t hnh thc s nhiu). Cu (2) c vit li Not only the professor but also the
students are going to attend. Hoc gi, ta c th s dng hnh thc ng t khng thay i vi
ngi s ca ch ng: Not only the students but also the professor will attend.
3. Cn ch n nhng cm t xen vo gia ch ng v ng t nh: as well as, in addition to,
together with, along with, accompanied by, including, not to mention... Gp nhng trng hp
nh th, ta hy thn trng dng ng t hp vi ch ng ch khng phi l ph hp vi danh t
no ng gn ng t.
- Dorothy, as well as her brothers, intends to spend the summer here.
Dorothy, cng nh cc em trai c y, d nh ngh h y.

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Trong cu ny, Dorothy l ch ng ch khng phi brothers, nn ta dng ng t intend ngi
th 3 s t (intends).
4. Vi cc danh t tp hp ng lm ch ng - nh jury, committee, crowd, team, group,
majority... - hu ht cc trng hp u dng ng t hnh thc s t khi ta xem danh t nh
mt n v (unit). Nhng nu ta dng vi ngha tng thnh vin (member) ring bit hp thnh,
th lc , danh t tp hp cn ng t hnh thc s nhiu. Chng hn, khi ta dng danh t
family vi ngha tng thnh vin ca gia nh ring bit.
- The family are arriving for the wedding at different times.
(Cc thnh vin) Gia nh n d m ci vo nhng thi im khc nhau.
Vi danh t tp hp jury:
- After deliberating, the jury reports its verdict.
Sau khi cn nhc k lng, bi thm on tuyn b phn quyt ca mnh.
- The jury have many specialized skills.
(Cc thnh vin) Bi thm on c nhiu k nng chuyn bit.
Trong cu trn, jury c xem l mt tng th duy nht nn ng t theo sau hnh thc s t
(reports). Cu di m ch n nhng thnh vin ring bit trong bi thm on nn danh t tp
hp l s nhiu v cn ng t hnh thc s nhiu (have).
Danh t tp hp number c th i hi ng t s t hoc s nhiu: The number of... th lun
lun cn ng t s t; A number of th cn ng t hnh thc s nhiu.
- The number of employees needing supervision is diminishing.
S ngi lm cng cn c gim st ang gim i.
- A number of people are asking for bonuses.
Mt s ngi ang i tin thng.
Mt s trng hp khng c gii t of theo sau a numberm ng ngha hm mt khi
thng nht th ng t s t.
- A number like twelve billion is hard to comprehend.
Mt con s c 12 t th kh m hiu ni.
5. Cc i t bt nh (Indefinite pronouns) kh rc ri. Nhng i t nh: either, neither, each,
every, one, cc i t c one, body hoc thing (anyone, no one, someone, anybody, nobody,
somebody, anything, everything...) i hi ng t hnh thc s t.
- One of my closest friends in the class comes from Singapore.
Trong lp, mt trong nhng ngi bn thn nht ca ti n t Singapore.
- Each of us studies hard.
Mi mt chng ti u hc hnh chm ch.
C khi nhng i t ny kt hp vi nhau cng dng ng t s t.
- Anybody and everybody is welcome.
Mi ngi u c cho n.
Lu :
Khi each theo sau ch ng, th each khng cn nh hng g n ng t na. Chng hn, nu

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ch ng l danh t s nhiu theo sau bng i t each, th ng t s nhiu.
- Big cities each have their own special problems.
Mi thnh ph ln u c nhng vn ring bit ca chng.
Cc i t both (c hai), few (vi, s t), many (nhiu), others (nhng ci khc) v several (mt
s, nhiu) i hi ng t i theo phi hnh thc s nhiu.
- Both were small.
C hai u nh nhoi.
- Many of her books are in English.
Phn ln sch ca c y vit bng ting Anh.
Nhng khi many i vi a (thng dng trong vn chng) cng vi ngha nh many, nhng
many a dng vi danh t s t v ng t theo sau cng phi s t.
- Many a student does not work hard.
Nhiu sinh vin khng chu kh hc hnh.
Mt s i t bt nh nh all (ton b, tt c), any (mt s hoc lng khng xc nh, khng
mt ai), some (mt vi), none (khng ai, khng vt g)... c th i vi ng t s t hay s nhiu
ty thuc vo ng ngha ca danh t m i t thay th.
- All of the money is reserved for emergencies.
Ton b tin bc l d tr cho cc trng hp khn cp.
- All of the candidates promise to improve the educational system.
Ton b cc ng vin u ha ci thin h thng gio dc.
Cu trn, i t all m ch n money trong trng hp ny l danh t khng m c, s t,
nn ng t be cng s t (is). Cu di, all ng n candidates l danh t s nhiu nn ng
t theo sau cng chia hnh thc s nhiu (promise).
6. Hy cn thn vi cc i t lin h who, which v that. Khi c mt trong cc i t ny ng
lm ch ng cho mt mnh ph thuc, th ng t trong mnh phi ph hp vi tin t,
tc nhng t hay cm t c i t thay th.
- John is one of the men who drink too much beer.
John l mt trong nhng ngi ung qu nhiu bia.
- John is one man who drinks too much beer.
John l mt ngi ung qu nhiu bia.
S ng thun gia ch ng v ng t trong cu c i t who, which hoc that d b lm ln
khi trong tin t c cm t one of v only one of. Hy xem xt hai cu sau:
- He is one of those people who are late for everything.
Anh ta l mt trong s nhng ngi tr ni vi mi vic.
- He is the only one of those people who is late for everything.
Anh ta l ngi duy nht tr ni vi mi vic.
Cu trn ng anh ta l mt trong s nhng ngi tr ni, i t who thay th cho people nhng ngi tr ni - nn ng t to be hnh thc s nhiu (are). Cn cu di, trong s
nhng ngi th anh ta l ngi duy nht tr ni. i t who thay cho one kt hp vi only khin
ng t trong mnh ph phi hnh thc s t (is).

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7. Cn thn vi nhng danh t c hnh thc s nhiu nhng ng ngha li s t. l nhng danh
t khng m c tn cng bng -ics hoc -s nh news (tin tc) v cc danh t thng gp
trong cc lnh vc sau:
Cc mn hc v cc hot ng: athletics (in kinh), economics (kinh t hc), linguistics
(ngn ng hc), mathematics (ton hc), politics (chnh tr hc)...
Cc mn chi, tr chi: billiards (bi-da), checkers (c am), darts (tr chi phng lao trong
nh), domnoes (tr chi -mi-n)...
Tn mt s bnh: diabetes (bnh tiu ng), measles (bnh si), mumps (bnh quai b),
rabies (bnh di), shingles (bnh zona, bnh l mnh), rickets (bnh ci xng)...
- Mathematics is too dificult for them.
Ton hc qu kh i vi h.
- Measles still strikes many Americans.
Bnh si vn cn ging xung nhiu ngi M.
Cc danh t ch mn hc tn cng bng -ics dng vi ng t s t, nhng khi nhng t
c dng vi nhng ngha khc th c th i hi ng t s nhiu.
- Statistics is an interesting subject.
Thng k l mt mn hc th v.
- Statistics are often misleading.
S liu thng k thng hay sai lc.
Cu di, statistics hm ngha: cc thng k, s liu thng k l danh t s nhiu.
8. Mt s t nh pants (qun di M, qun lt Anh), trousers (qun), pliers (ci km),
scissors (ci ko), shears (ci ko ln - ct lng cu, ta hng giu) v tongs (ci kp) l danh
t s nhiu v cn ng t s nhiu i cng. Tuy nhin, khi c t pair (of) i trc cc danh t
ny v ng lm ch ng th ng t theo sau l s t.
- The scissors are very sharp.
Ci ko rt sc.
- A pair of scissors was left on the table.
Ci ko c li trn bn.
9. Khi ch ng l ta sch, tn cc tc phm ngh thut, kch bn... th ng t s t cho d ta
c hnh thc s nhiu.
- Sons and Lovers was one of the strangest books I have ever read.
Sons and Lovers l mt trong nhng cun sch k l nht m ti tng c.
10. Tn ca cc n v, t chc... l cc danh t tp hp th i hi ng t s t.
- Marshall, Smith, and Williams is a law firm in Colorado.
- Marshall, Smith, and Williams l mt cng ty (hoc t hp) lut Colorado.
11. Nn nh rng, there v here khng bao gi ng vai ch ng ca mt cu. Nu mt cu bt
u bng there hoc here th ch ng thng nm pha sau ng t.
- Here are the pictures of our wedding.

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y l nhng bc nh m ci ca chng ti.
- There is only one desk in the classroom.
Ch c duy nht mt ci bn trong lp.
cu trn, ch ng khng phi l here m l pictures nn ng t phi s nhiu (are). Cu
di, ch ng l desk nn ng t s t (is).
Nhng cu bt u vi i t nhn xng It lm ch ng th ng t theo sau lun s t.
- It was Dorothy and Helen who came to see us yesterday while we were away.
l Dorothy v Heen n thm chng ti hm qua khi chng ti i vng.
12. Mc d hu ht cc ch ng s nhiu u c ng t i theo hnh thc s nhiu, nhng vi
nhng danh t ni v s lng tin bc, thi gian, khong cch... th li i vi ng t s t. Lc
, khi lng (tin bc, thi gian...) c xem l mt n v.
- Eleven hundred dollars a year was the per capita income in Japan in 1960.
Mi mt -la mt nm l thu nhp bnh qun u ngi Nht Bn nm 1960.
- Twenty miles is the length of the race.
20 dm l chiu di ca cuc ua.
Nhng khi ngi vit c nhn mnh n tng n v ca khi lng s nhiu , th phi
dng ng t s nhiu.
- The fourteen dollars were dropped in to the till one by one.
Bn mi -la c th vo ngn ng tin tng ng mt.
13. Vic nhn din cho ng ch ng rt quan trng quyt nh s dng ng t hnh thc
s t hay s nhiu. Khi ch ng l mt phn s (fraction) hoc phn trm (percent), hay cc t
nh: half, part, plenty v rest, th s ca ng t ty thuc vo danh t lm b ng cho gii t i
theo phn s hoc phn trm hay cc t . Hy xem cc th d sau:
- Sixty percent of his house is painted blue.
60% cn nh ca anh y c sn mu xanh.
- More than thirty percent of the houses on this street are for sale.
Hn 30% nhng cn nh trn ph ny ang cho bn.
- Half (of) her relatives live abroad.
Mt na thn nhn ca c y sng hi ngoi.
14. Khi din gii cc bi ton n gin - cng, tr, nhn, chia - ta cn lu : Khi cng hay nhn,
ta c th dng ng t s t hay s nhiu u c.
- Two and two is four. Hoc: Two and two are four.
2 cng 2 l 4.
- Twelve times three is thirty-six. Hoc: Twelve times three are thirty-six.
12 nhn 3 l 36.
Nhng vi tr v chia, th lun lun dng ng t s t.
- Nine minus four is five. Hoc: Nine minus four leaves five.
9 tr 4 cn 5.
- Fourteen divided by two is seven.
14 chia 2 cn 7.

C V MAI PHNG - KHA NG PHP

nh hn quy tc v s ph hp gia ch ng v ng t cc em nghin cu bi tp sau
nh. Bi ny kh kh nn c cha chi tit phn p n ri. Phn thi online ca
dng bi ny s st hn vi l thuyt nh. Chc cc em hc tt! C Mai Phng
Choose the underlined word or phrase (A, B, C, or D) that needs correcting. (Hy chn t
hoc cm t c gch di [A, B, C hoc D] cn phi iu chnh li cho ng).
1. Although women in this century faces less discrimination than ever before, they still
A
encounter many obstacles that men do not.
B
C
D
2. Everyone have to plan a program that fts into the days schedule and that allows for good
A
B
C
exercise and appropriate rest.
D
3. John is the only one of the hikers who have climbed above fifteen thousand feet.
A
B
C
D
4. The chief executive of the United States and the commander in chief of its armed forces are
A
B
C
D
the president.
5. Current research on AIDS, in spite of the best efforts of hundreds of scientists, leave serious
A
B
C
questions unanswered.
D
6. Neither apple pie nor her faded cat posters nor her neglected guppy collection hold the
A
B
C
slightest interest for Dorothy any more.
D
7. Along with tactics, strategy, and intelligence, logistics are one of the four main elements of
A
B
C
D

C V MAI PHNG - KHA NG PHP

military Science.
8. A typical annual flowering plant, the common poppy, flower, produces seeds, and dies in a
A
B
C
D
single season.
9. Today, many scientists disagree over whether the chimpanzee or the bonobo are more human
A
B
C
in its behaviour.
D
10. Whenever there are red, orange, or brown coloring in sandstone, iron ore is probably present.
A
B
C
D

P N
A. Ch ng ca mnh ph vi although l danh t s nhiu women - ch khng phi
century - nn ng t phi hnh thc s nhiu (face).
2. A. i t bt nh everyone i hi ng t s t (has).
3. C. Trong s nhng ngi i b vit d th ch mt mnh John vt qua 15.000 feet. i t
who thay cho one kt hp vi only khin ng t trong mnh ph phi hnh thc s t
(has).
4. D. Hoa K, ngi ng u hnh php ng thi l tng t lnh qun i. chnh l
tng thng. Trong cu ny, lin t and kt hp 2 danh t lm ch ng nhng v ch mt
ngi nn ng t phi s t (is).
5. C. Ch ng tht s ca cu l research nn ng t s t (leaves).
6. C. ng t phi ng thun vi ch ng gn nht, y l collection nn phi l s t
(holds).
7. C. Mc d danh t logistics tn cng bng s nhng l danh t s t (cng ging nh tn
cc ngnh, lnh vc nghin cu nh economics, physics, mathematics...) nn ng t to be
phi l is.
8. C. T flower d b nhm ln trong cu ny. iu quan trng l phi nhn ra flower y l
ng t (vi ngha: ra hoa, n hoa), v l ng t th flower phi hnh thc s t (flowers)
ph hp vi ch ng s t poppy. Nh vy, ch ng poppy c 3 ng t song hnh:
flowers, produces v dies.
9. B. Ch ng gn l bonobo nn ng t s t (is).
10. B. There is thay cho there are ph hp vi ch ng s t l coloring.
1.