HARDENING, ™*”" TEMPERING& ~ _HEAT TREATMENTWORKSHOP PRACTICE SERIES jrom Argus Boots 1, Hardening, Tempering and 8 Sheet Metal Work 15. Workholding inthe Lathe Heat Treatment RE Wakeford Tubal Cain Tubal Cain 9. Soldering and Brazing 16. Electric Motors. 2. Vertical Milling in the Home ‘Tubal Cain Vd. Cox Workshop eee F,, 17. Gears and Gear Cuting ‘Ainold Theop. ys ae ane Seeine iste 3, Screweutting inthe Lathe * 18, Basic Benchwerk ‘Martin Cleeve. W eens Les Oldridge 4. Foundrywork for the Amateur ves 19. Spring Design and Manufacture ca fee cece Spring Desin 5. Milling Operations in the Lathe alee 20. Metalwork and Machining: Tubal Cain 13, Workshop Drawing tins ood te 6. Measuring and Marking Metals Tubal Cain lan Bradley Ivan Law 14. Making Small Workshop 2, The Ar of Welding Tools WA. Vause Seay, 1. Hardening, Tempering and Heat Treatment In this Valuable book Tubal Cain takes the reader beyond the superficial or the simply practical with explanations of the composition of steel, its additives, and the effects of different temperatures on its constituents. With a grasp of what changes are actually taking place in the metal the care needed in following the practical processes described becomes under- standable and will lead to better and more consistent results. Flame, salt bath and furnace heating are detailed, with information on accurate measurement or recognition of temperature levels. For the average small workshop operative or model engineer the discourses on tool material, hardening and tempering will be of most use, and in this connection this book replaces the earlier “Hardening and Tempering Engineers’ Tools”, providing a broader-based, more detailed and up to date examination of the subject. t ISBN O-g5242-837-5 808521428 |HARDENING, TEMPERING AND HEAT TREATMENT for model engineers Tubal Cain ARGUS BOOKSi Contents honor? 2 herr 2 Sharer e hares Chapter? ier at reer acest * Chapter Theesncemantt ree e Chapter Hae Crecente = rapa 10 1 eh tt 188 aay 2 a opens? ws . opens ne omens 1CHAPTER 1 Iron & Steel fy te Sth ogy son be SS Sere 3 ee caeiae tes Seow wnt san te a Serio met emt cry bow enero” eeSometwion Best wae Se Spy ar sor ‘Sil accra yaa Baie cd sesh st a en Spf cuteness AGRAPHITEee mae isomerate Beceem £ 23 ie i. ic te ae Beqesacsa ‘Souter [appa at kon wie aye ar torpor fase Sens ind gt we ae ee ecreadasoes emant cen aoe a Benes ‘Unauewe microcap tha mst by! ‘Sin Sms we on ‘Sloppy eo iano he To ste SE ye cocky ees ‘Giey sietng te nei comers ‘Stent ben rade ne ha ‘sito ai causes swe 2 eth a tad ‘rT cot tre soit be foe, ‘we. ot for voy lege coc seal ‘Soi oat ‘reactor ty sepa moan en wt tearm ied onoatra Sone aera ag ‘ie ing cil won) 03goat sre ht, tte, miemoa S828 wrod og EFFECT OF CARBONN-CARBON TRANSFOR- ionaver, cae. ont wet ‘Soeauie tet oyeing ‘Slew shoul on Seren coy orien ts cob seo Sine Man popartan Peon ‘tc, foe, he com. 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MF “Reece cenamee ERTL TS ST a @ ere’ ke unos Sense ‘Bier fees co, esp to one mena © Eiecwevene ‘ing may wou in Drege Th Se oe oe q / UBM Birt to 30" en ce mat ‘ectsiyHomerer doer wor and te canbe aang te bed th Ro 30 ‘Soca asearecrne songbey heme he het me oo ‘Eechingotone war Mowtnthe foe burned he one er = ep tans ova ncn oo SALE OR LEAD eAst th tr bat tad ori Taine brandon Sarecomans amos i ‘ropes oud raga 3 1S porno to tong tempers one Saas Selo ‘tated orate a eee ul be nce tora obra Somes SSyaee oa eh eine we eer Smeccees Siiabe aches we the ss bod "lig Becton” err ae fe "canon asia wt Oh ton awry ene By a omnia a =e Seen eee oS egpen Soon eae Sareea Sane eee Sn aaa a Senere. tot Si hye beaShs aa cont maces tar Brett rte ogee Se eee ‘inte arb tang Sn Bien Yous poe see ohn Sow re ng hie wih ee target ack Ieane somes bese (aPrargng. rors, aout hor ow ag toa nih decay ong nose oreo” Serene rate cn of mock bay to a heat ‘Sch ioche rere ara comaet (Bin Ingen Nowe, ony Senna cr instr oes fe aston oll mat a fom coee tenets meat EN Satemaces noose hom S00! Tess empare, ‘an uses og up wo out TOR. hr ‘Thin te veer se Peps seit My erect ns Teed harmner toe ‘Sore heroing her soy tut the wey ‘oven tome fpasten Oe ‘TS€scuangw some mie ‘roc harbors no {Siton oor ee on a vaniog sopartne ot Mah statangeanan wih nit Botcewmer mete Soemi cae ere Ei Bie feo Eis Sect ee terete adeome win abate hy mt eas maa ear Sonn tem parage 140% nee ‘Stern et SPC ‘aviing cononcete wget ‘Sones wo en cats el tc yee and Sh Tesco von i apd no serene tat eee ‘SS oem ype (gece elise nouncHapTERS. The Measurement of HardnessEfe sn he ae an fet ting eb toes "Homer the Eaecan tae eee ncn ate Sec eer Sieesen cence SS eak Wah count sant of the “come erty. hone ets {ot ar Wt wotoice tales te Soar ep emocrna cee 22 enema (2c npn oon Sas Hoses iaowteaer ‘ng stove aes wt of cus, on SSue-"Tor) ie jor mscrrsbl ‘St act 32009 coneoian The gy iy nerds ‘nmber aut hea ow Se ee a Sonn "he rat Roca ondCHAPTERS Home Construction of | i tL 4 ] Furnaces 1 . gH gt sat Tee es 1 Shanty opto tne or Pory Permanence sate ett eewrs ‘tte na ca eee sore aod Sarin ‘ey atin fret oes ‘was eualy Syrdnyo sheet. soot jm St comune ems tno {Stace "mayb tae ‘ites wy cans at een peo tte = a ve aan ‘meres Sty Tilo Element Frace Fig. 2 Wyte o0 2 mcr eer oy heptane este ote Se ie ec ac te ‘iste Fumece, Oe ous 2spore. iI. Ee lg Th Tike Silo Te ai TS Se(tien trad ms to nan oe ta en trac Oty eo ea oe 34 6, tre Maen BOE High Ain {aro paty power ree 3493), Pi See ah ey on! aed by Meron Caan Seo ary 400" oat in ae ant pe ctbhes ‘Se a ting ean Siro ian Sia, hgh‘bien tats rion Gee anes Kapdon Elecite Wire & Smiths Co ‘| Sts Rt. oer Reena See Serene ‘3 set he anes tc aaa ie a pees nme evecare mie love Renuree rensance 9 ee cperat ig Siepemueor ore 20 Fore hanes ewes alee Az heteyeetw eh go ae we an [Dounce tboue Suse PoWsoeat me eee Se aime me you ei th fore nee Mines | “ataCHAPTER 10, Safety Precautions ee oat nay lt “jt he wonece at Sone Sooo earns eer had aes aes Shneeoiesas ‘Sih he ow that sas Goer eeoee Secceseoe eee Roem ‘Str eed sod am Micliow ot be an hea nee ‘warn so san ns to ay 2 tanga ire os of ORY sis [Ee gust suoems ct ona en conan ‘sr soto ayers inane Tota vo Soe on ‘ae manors Sime ee nee hone Sats sector Stig 2 teenth fee on Scar yh Sumlwhan forge eetsbmered Se ait ae neyoane aeetip. tb re tua wae Bernice Sow oe ‘anata ea om ha ais ne Ransinss ‘ieee hots fe emeea o aecers tenon cat Sa ul a ‘Seco State mth fo Se erie sae aan te wt ting on eratig ‘renin aie minnow shah Hower teen 0 ovat ane rece the Sf ne en ot ie eat ots he cure eyo tr So a ‘olmrecmati ts gen ah ‘he tv sos xin a gee an A tng oy at bh, Tay ‘ae okay emo, oa tig dun eh 8 tt eer mou tt a wae SStakyan be saeco So ‘muah sgt of nh Sg ea roy ae at ‘itt thew tpt treo arin: on pest on ‘ermine owt ino te Nghe {entonto porte tango a ee 108Sago conto rhe some er oot tas in ht ire ‘Sean ben aca Sr meters paras wecrey te rane caine eee See thar ine ams of acoso‘heen! By try “pews mwah wi ive ret ec in be happens ‘THERMOCOUPLES foresee Eile eda Suarer sie ee Breer es Bocce se Seeae cit cae Sos ‘shen oof mest ‘Sem emotes row me Moss Emirs Wants Some scion tas 0° Ths gr et eae Big - fo eet renee oe Poaieece Pee ie ae net os a pete eae meee mona Seas Sons ceo ooh 8s @ Og oes Inicor The natso say be wold Barerosos Seesii Pie ae evel remo dc Seeeene Sects ‘rom bosta, ond na fn th eae ot Saeeeerues ‘Rih’socdng canbe. canes. tr {etree wane reaing Scere ee {Spent voting wo t 5a eee sae eas oe baa trek eee ete Ee 100A" 388 Beoremcc meme Going wane “hot te wate et Sen cae ron ‘noe eran gu me Covet uc ma ta os te meee se ac SPE on SBetwmpertues bw mallee Agareee pace cane ease APPENDIX 2 Carbon Steel Cutting Tools SLi han amet tcets Su yorco tse el in an he ry coisa lund co ne gp Oe tt poi seo Fer oping ee tne Sed be atom itd Rinse nas tach ao apne peer ans ts remy Bn00 T qr ah SED | le ges ren tune fn ote Sao howe ban tures ore ERs nee at a an Wot ne APPENDIX British Standard Steel Specification Numbers spicata Soon fe Se oe a ovens y Zeca Si naeAPPENDIX4 Approximate Conversion of Hardness Scales (ASTM Conversion Tables) gee eee meeeGlossary of Terms ‘Sm toe Seton High fe eae feat Dagan ‘epoca y wn rp ct st Sete Sh a nts tegal nan Yor lis Cae FC So rama cent ih se nb se ‘oped cmt oe wt an tam seven cae nd sae aged sareCaton St Han sents Pratien ‘Sea oy om Soi a Trg a cer i SA inate ee cee Seo peceareerees Lute where the mess 8 ss ste. wth ath Sette a mens nde ieteemeoa “aware comerngcast ten wrought an. ‘ty neato a ar SS Sa se Et seuson Soe ey ie ‘ey age mire eo heme ‘tone on wept abst nt sa Sentemriacman rome a oaag hone eau ‘hi! ern ad een 7INDEX ease oat 2 8DIWELL HB -z-2aP TOCD-UBE de mk B Loam %