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5-أنواع الطلاء ومعايير التفتيش
5-أنواع الطلاء ومعايير التفتيش
Criteria
Session III
-1-
Coating Types and Inspection Criteria
.
:
: pigment ) Vehicle
/(
: resin
.alkyds
: evaporation polymerization
coalescence
.
:
cloud chamber .
metallizing .
:
.
-2-
:
-
blisters runs sags dry spray
mud-cracking
-3-
Curing Mechanisms
:
.
.Oxygen-induced ) ( .Catalyst-induced .heat-induced - .Water-induced
.coalescence
)
(
) Solvent-Evaporation Cure Coatings ( Nom Convertible
resin chlorinated rubber
vinyl epoxy
.
.
.film
topcoat
.
cross-link / .
.
delamination ) (.
-4-
.
.
) ( Fully Curd
.
.
.
:
.Chlorinated rubber
.Vinyl
. Acrylics
) Bitumen (.
.
.
.
.
.
skin set .
.
Chlorinated Rubber
Coatings
-5-
elastomar
polyolefin .chlorine
resistant resins Volume solids ( Vs
) .
)
) ( Vs 15 %25(
1 3 ) 25 (m 75 .
4 7 ) 100 .(m 175
break down F
(( C 80 decompose ).F 275 (C 134
175
.
:
.Aromatic solvents
.Esters
.Ketones
.breweries
Vinyl Coatings
) (PVC
polyvinyl chloride copolymers vinyl acetate
vinyl acrylic )(MEK
-6-
. brittle
breakdown .plasticizer
: .
.Paper mills
)( F 175- C 80
7 DFT
.
-7-
-
.
Dry spray
cob
webbing .
-1
.
-2
.
.
F 175
).( 80 C
.
.
.
film /
.
.
Acrylic Coatings
binder .acrylic resin
urethane
.epoxy resins
acrylics
.
.emulsion coatings
Waterborne
.Coatings
-8-
.
.
.
.
.
) ( Bituminous Coatings
.
gilsonite
.refined crude oil
.mineral spirits
Coal tar pitch
) coking process
destructive distillation (of coal .
aromatic
xylol .toluol
cutting back
.cutback coatings
:
.
.
roofing materials .
:
-9-
aliphatic solvents
.
.
membrane .
Highly
Volume Solids 15 25 )
400 (m 600 .
).( F 92 C 200 -
)( .Dry Temp
.Troweblable Mastic Coatings
solid enamel .
.
) (
Convertible)) Polymerization-Cured Coatings
.
" " .monomers
.
.
""
.
-10-
.
.
.
.
)
(one-dimensional linking
) .(cross-linking
cross-linking
.
.
)(C2H4
monomer ethylene polyethylene
.1400
extruded sheath
)( sintered powder pre-formed
.tape wrap
.
.
) resilient
(.
-11-
Oxygen-Induced Polymerization Coatings
" " oxidative cross-linking
.
.
alkyd coatings:
.
.Linseed .Tung .Soy bean- .Dehydrated castor oil
.
) Menhaden (.
.
"" driers
.
.
.
.
.
) (WFT
.
WFT 2 3 ) 50 .(m 75
WFT
.
.
-12-
.
.
"
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
""
.saponification
.
" .
acetone
MEK ethyl acetate
. .
.
.Drying oils
.Alkyds
-13-
.Epoxy ester
.Oil-modified phenolic
.
.
runs
.
.
tie-coat.
.
.
.
.pigment
.
.
.
.
.
prime
.tie-coat
.
Drying Oils
-14-
) (
alkyds
.phenolic varnishes
.
:
.
.
Alkyd Coatings
. :
enamels
.
:
.Acrylic
.Phenolic
.Silicone
.Urethane
-15-
.Vinyl
masonry
alkali-resistant primer
sealer .tie-coat
.
.
.
F 180 81 C
.
.
-16-
one-package
.
. two-component epoxies
.
single-package
.
primers :
.Plant floors
chalk
.
Oil-Modified Phenolic
Coatings
Oil-modified phenolic
coatings epoxy phenolic coatings
.
.
phenolics .
.
profile .
:
-17-
.
) ( vehicle
.barrier-type primers
.
.
" " .universal primer
.
.
/
.
.
.
.
.delamination
.
) (Uralkyd
(Oil-Modified Urethane) Coatings
uralkyds urethanes
.alkyds varnishes
-18-
Epoxy
-19-
Zink-rich epoxy
Tow-component urethane
.
.
.
. :
) Hardener ( base
Hardener
.
-
. / pot
life
.
.
blistering
. .
digestion sweat-in
.
.
fisheyes cratering
digestion .
-20-
) (
.
.
F
) 50 (10 C .
F (16 60
) C ) F 45 (7 C
aliphatic and aromatic polyurethanes )F 40 ( 4 C
.
.
/ pot life
.
.viscosity
.
.
.
:
. ..-21-
- .
:
. .. . . . ) (
Epoxy-Two Component (co-reactive) Coatings
) converter activator
hardener (catalyst .
polyamide
blush polyamine
.
.toxic
polyamine
.
. ""
blush
amine bloom
.
Isocyanate
) ( F - 10 C 50
.
Ketimines
-22-
Amine adducts
Poly imides
- Amido-amines
)
.(chalking
.
.offshore facilities
.
.
.
amine blush
.
milky
.
.amine carbamate
-23-
.
.
) amine carbamate(
.
over
coat
.
.antifouling
)( .ballast tanks
docks .pilings
.
.
.
.
.
.
-24-
.
.
.
.
Zinc-Rich Epoxy
/
/
two- or three-package
) 50 % 75( .
three-package :
) fillers
(.
) (.
two package :
.
) (.
zinc oxide
.zinc carbonate
.
.
-25-
.
. .
/
anchor
pattern .
.
DFT
.
.
/
.
.
surface profile
.
.
.
)(
.
peaks
.
Rust bleed
mud cracking
.
/
Polyester/Vinyl Ester Coatings
/
DFT 100 )
(m 2500 . /
.
.
/
chalk .
.
.
-26-
/ glass .fiber
.secondary containment
-27-
.
.
.1
.brittle
.2
/ .
.3
.
.
.
.
.1
.
.2
.
.3
.
.
.
poor
.integrity
.
.
-28-
.
F (15 60
) C
F( 70
) 21 C 24
.
.1
.2
.
.
.1
10 ).(m 250
.2
.
..
WFT
DFT.
.
Moisture-Cured Urethane
/
one-package aliphat
) aromate (.
% 30 %80
.
:
abrasion .chipping
.
.package stability
.
.
-29-
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Two-Component
Urethan Coatings
:
.Aliphatic
.Aromatic
] : .
Aliphatic hydrocarbons
) (1 paraffins ) (2 olefins ) (3
.acetylenes
.
) ; (CH4
.mineral spirits
-30-
) ( .
) (C6H6
xylene .toluene
.
:
.
.
.
offshore platforms
.
.
.
.
-31-
.
.
-
.
)
(
.
.
.
.Alkyd
.Chlorinated rubber
.Vinyl
.Epoxy
.Urethane
15 20
4 8
0.3 0.5 ) 8 (m 12 .
-32-
: 20 )
6( .
.
catalyzed coatings
.
)
/(
Hardener
.
.
.
)
(.
.
.
.
.
0.5 )
(m 12.5 . DFT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Epoxy-Modified
Phenolic Coatings
-33-
.
.
.
.
.
. .
:
20 ).(m 500
.
.
10
15 )375 250
(m
500 )12.5
(.
.
Cross-
. linking .
)(
.
Heat-Induced Polymerization Coatings
-34-
.single-component
baking
.
heat converting
:
.
.
-35-
process vessels
.
cans pails
.drums
.
:
cross-linking reaction F 200
) ( ) F 325 (C 165
.F (C 200 ) 500
F 400 F
C 205) 450 ( C 235 .
.
) (
. .
.
.
.
.
/ .
-36-
.
.
-37-
:
)
(.
.1
.
.2
.
.3
DFT
.
.
blisters holidays .
- .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.1
.
holiday
.2
DFT .
/
.
.3
.
/
..
.
. holidays
.
.1
.1 .
.
.2
.2
-38-
.
.3
.
.
)
. .(flash time
Silicon Coatings
.
:
. erection
stand by
. ) (
.
.
F 5 400 200 ) F 5 700
C (C 375:
.Furnaces
.Boilers
.Stills
F 1000
F ((650C 1200 .
.
F( 402 C ) 750
-39-
.
:
.
.
Pop-ups
.
.
.
.
)( .
.
.
.
.
-40-
Zinc-Rich Coatings
.
SSPC
.SSPC-Paint PS-20
.
.
:
soluble .
reducible .
.
.
) 75 (%95 .
) ( vehicles
:
.
.
-41-
Hydrolyzed
.
.
silicic and polysilicic
.
vehicle
.
- ).(S-O-Zn
matrix
.
.
:
ingredients
) ( .
.
.
.
) (
.spherical
bubble
-42-
7
) zinc-silicate matrix:
(.
.
sacrificial anode .
.
) passive (
.
-1
.
NACE ) 2 (
NACE ) 1 ( .
NACE ) 3
(
.
-2 Mixing and Handling
. mechanical agitation
.
/ 30/60
.vacuum paint strainer mesh screen
30/60 ) (113gm )(Lit 4
-43-
.
.
-3
DFT
. .
pitted
.
.mud-crack
.
faying surfaces .
.Ketone
.Aromatic hydrocarbons
.Gasoline
(F )419 C 785
.
:
.
-44-
: vehicles
) ( .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
water reducible
) ( .
.
.
.
.
/ .continuous film
-45-
solvent-reducible ) (
.
hydrolysis
.
) %50
(%90
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
5 ) (m 125 .
.
.
ASTM
" .
ASTM D 4752 ) (
MEK " .
" 6" 1
.
quarter
. .
-46-
.
.
phenoxy catalyzed epoxy urethane
chlorinated rubber vinyl
.
.
.
.
) 50 %75 (
.
.
-47-
.
.
.
streaks
)
( .
.
-48-
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
crawling
.fisheye
.
.
.
.
wash coat .
)(
.
.
.
.
.
.wash coat
.
.
.
.
-49-
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. .
.
.
condensation .
.
.
.
.
.
-50-
.
.
.
.
Waterborne Coatings
solvent-borne coatings
.VOC
) .(VOCs
.
.
.
.
.
water borne water soluble
.water-reducible
:
.
.water soluble
) suspended ( ]
emulsion coatings [latex coatings
.
.suspensions
-51-
vinyl acrylics .
.
) . UV
.
silicate binders .
.
water-soluble water-
reducible .
water-suspensions
diluent / . dispersant latex
emulsion
/ .water-dispersion
. latex emulsions
.
latex emulsion .
Latex
)
( . " latex"
.
- .Styrene-butadiene copolymer
.Acrylate resins
-52-
.Polyvinyl acetate
:
. copolymers
.
Emulsion
immiscible .
.salad dressing
) immiscible (
.
:
continuous
.or external phase
disperse or
.internal phase
.
.
.
.
:
.Polyvinyl acetates
.Acrylic resins
.Bitumens
.
-53-
.Coalescence
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
) (
) ( .
.
Co-reactant Suspension Coatings
.
) (.
-54-
. ) (
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
F 50 F 80 ) C 10 (C 27
30 .%60
.
) VOC
(.
flash point
) (.
) 30 (%60
.
.
-55-
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
-56-
. .
.suspension
. .
) F 50 C
.
(10
.
.
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
)
(
.
-57-
.
.
) F 50 C
.( 10
.
.
.
.
.
1 ......................
1 ................................................................
3 .............................................
3 .................
9 ................................
37 ..................................
37 ..................................
42 .......................................
-58-